Abstract: The present invention provides a method of forming a multilayer coating film comprising the step (I) of coating an article to be coated with an electrodeposition coating containing two resin components incompatible with each other followed by curing by heating to form an electrodeposited coating film, the step (II) of applying a water-borne intermediate coating onto the electrodeposited coating film to form an uncured intermediate coating film, the step (III) of applying a water-borne base coating onto the intermediate coating film to form an uncured base coating film, the step (IV) of applying a clear coating onto the base coating film to form an uncured clear coating film and the step (V) of curing the intermediate coating film, the base coating film and the clear coating film simultaneously by heating to thereby obtain a multilayer coating film.

Abstract: A method for the electro-dipcoating of electrically conductive elements, such as screws, nuts, shims or other hardware includes positioning of the elements, which are to be coated, in, on, or at a supporting element on a coating bath, which is provided with at least one anode and one cathode where on the case of a cathodic electrophoretic enameling, the anode and, in the case of an anodic electrophoretic enameling, the cathode is coated with an enamel, which was baked after the coating process and subsequently activated and/or coated with an electrically conductive enamel, which was subsequently cured at room temperature.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of forming a multilayer coating film comprising the step (I) of coating an article to be coated with an electrodeposition coating containing two resin components incompatible with each other followed by curing by heating to form an electrodeposited coating film, the step (II) of applying a water-borne intermediate coating onto the electrodeposited coating film to form an uncured intermediate coating film, the step (III) of applying a water-borne base coating onto the intermediate coating film to form an uncured base coating film, the step (IV) of applying a clear coating onto the base coating film to form an uncured clear coating film and the step (V) of curing the intermediate coating film, the base coating film and the clear coating film simultaneously by heating to thereby obtain a multilayer coating film.

Abstract: A method for coating an article having Class A and non-Class A surfaces, e.g., a metal, automotive substrate, includes selectively electrodepositing a first coating material, e.g., a primer surfacer, upon at least a portion of the Class A surface and electrodepositing an anticorrosion material upon at least a portion of the non-Class A surface. An optional topcoat can be applied upon at least a portion of the Class A surface over the primer-surfacer.

Abstract: A process for the production of a multi-layer coating, wherein a primer layer which is electrically conductive in the at least partially cured state is applied by electrodeposition from an electrodeposition coating agent (I) to an electrically conductive three-dimensional object, at least partially cured exclusively by the action of near infra-red radiation substantially only on the surfaces of the object exposed to the radiation, and an additional coating layer is applied by electrodeposition from an electrodeposition coating agent (II) which is different from electrodeposition coating agent (I), and then this additional coating layer as well as completely uncured or incompletely cured area parts of the primer layer produced from electrodeposition coating agent (I) are cured.

Abstract: A process for the production of a multi-layer coating, wherein a primer layer which is electrically conductive in the at least partially cured state is applied by electrodeposition from an electrodeposition coating agent (I) to an electrically conductive three-dimensional object, at least partially cured exclusively by the action of near infra-red radiation substantially only on the surfaces of the object exposed to the radiation, and an additional coating layer is applied by electrodeposition from an electrodeposition coating agent (II) which is different from electrodeposition coating agent (I), and then this additional coating layer as well as completely uncured or incompletely cured area parts of the primer layer produced from electrodeposition coating agent (I) are cured.

Abstract: Processes for forming a coating on electroconductive flat blanks having two major surfaces and sheared edges are provided. Also provided is a process for forming a multi-composite coating on a pre-sheared, electroconductive, flat blank having two major surfaces and sheared edges. Methods for forming and coating metal blanks are also provided. The present invention further provides a pre-sheared, flat electroconductive blank having two major surfaces and coated with a multi-layer composite coating composition on one major surface. The present invention also provides a method for coating a continuous metal strip, optionally, thereafter forming a coated blank therefrom, and, optionally, applying a second coating to the blank.

Abstract: This invention provides a car body coating process wherein the metal-exposed portion of a shell body, a part or whole of which has been made of plastics-covered metal plates, is electrocoated with use of an electrodeposition paint which contains no coloring pigment and has a bath solid content of at most 10% by weight and which is capable of forming a clear coating film.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for forming a multi-layer paint film, comprising:

Abstract: A method for forming double-layer coatings excellent in smoothness and resistant to yellowing is provided which comprises electrodepositing a cationic electrodeposition coating composition to form an uncured cationically electrodeposited coating, applying an intermediate coating composition to said uncured coating to form an uncured intermediate coating, and heating both uncured coatings simultaneously, said cationic electrodeposition coating composition containing a sulfonium group- and propargyl group-containing resin composition.

Abstract: A method for forming double-layer coatings excellent in smoothness and resistant to yellowing is provided which comprises electrodepositing a cationic electrodeposition coating composition to form an uncured cationically electrodeposited coating, applying an intermediate coating composition to said uncured coating to form an uncured intermediate coating, and heating both uncured coatings simultaneously, said cationic electrodeposition coating composition containing a sulfonium group- and propargyl group-containing resin composition.

Abstract: A coating film-forming method comprising a first step which comprises coating a cationic eletrodeposition coating composition (A) containing an electrically conducting agent, followed by washing with water and heat curing and drying to form a cured cationic electrodeposition coating film; a second step which comprises coating such an anionic electrodeposition coating composition (B) that a coating film formed therefrom has a chromatic color or a white color as an achromatic color onto the cured cationic electrodeposition coating film, followed by washing with water, and removing water by preheating or air blowing to form a non-cured anionic electrodeposition coating film; and a third step which comprises coating a topcoating composition (C) thereonto to form a non-cured topcoating film, and heat curing and drying a resulting laminated coating film simultaneously.

Abstract: A process for preparing a multi-layer coating on an electrically conductive automotive body or an electrically conductive automotive body part by applying a cathodic electrodeposition coating layer, optionally a further coating layer and an outer clear coating, in which the cathodic electrodeposition coating layer of a cathodic electrodeposition coating composition is applied which, as the cathodic electrodeposition binder, contains a seed polymer with an amine value of 30 to 100 mg KOH/g and a hydroxyl value of 50 to 200 mg KOH/g, which can be prepared by radical polymerisation of 70 to 97 wt-% of a monomer mixture comprising hydroxy-functional olefinically unsaturated monomer and amino-functional olefinically unsaturated monomer in the presence of 3 to 30 wt-% of an aminoepoxy resin.

Abstract: Methods for use in the producing of a display include providing a substrate assembly of a face plate of the display including a conductive surface at a first side thereof. One or more projections extend from the first side of substrate assembly. A patternable material is electrophoretically deposited on at least the conductive surface and adjacent the projections. The method may further include patterning the patternable material for use in deposition of light emitting elements on the conductive surface. Light emitting elements of one or more colors may be formed. In addition, the substrate assembly including the conductive surface may have one or more nonconductive regions formed on the conductive surface; the one or more nonconductive regions having a predetermined thickness. A layer of patternable material is formed by electrophoresis over the conductive surface and over the one or more nonconductive regions.

Abstract: A process for coating three-dimensional, electrically conductive substrates by applying a coating layer of a stoving coating composition substantially only to the exterior surfaces of the substrates at a layer thickness sufficient to electrically insulate such surfaces, stoving the coating layer and then coating the interior surfaces with an electrodeposition coating composition, wherein the stoving coating composition is characterised by a volume resistivity from 108 to 1011 Ohm·cm of applied and stoved coating layers of said composition.

Abstract: Process for the production of a three-dimensional substrate provided with a protective and decorative laminar structure, in which a primer layer of a coating composition (I) which is electrically conductive in the stoved state is applied without spraying onto an electrically conductive substrate and stoved, whereupon a substrate not yet in the desired three-dimensional shape is shaped, whereupon a second coating layer of an electrophoretically depositable coating composition (II) is electrophoretically deposited and stoved and whereupon a plastic film is applied.

Abstract: The invention provides a cured multilayer coating having improved properties and a process for the production of said cured multilayer coating.

Abstract: Disclosed is a coating method of intermediate-coating-less, which sufficiently keeps excellent appearance, weather resistance and corrosion resistance equal to a three layer coating in conventional technology. The method of the present invention comprises: electrocoating an aqueous paint composition comprising at least two sort of resins which are insoluble with each other, a curing agent and a pigment, on an electrically conductive substrate, heating it to form a layer separation, and then curing to form a plural layered cured coating having at least two layers, wherein a concentration of the pigment is distributed such that a pigment concentration (a) in the resin layer directly contacting air is relatively higher than a pigment concentration (b) in the resin layer directly contacting the electrically conductive substrate.

Abstract: Methods of forming face plate assemblies are described. In one implementation, a substrate is patterned with photoresist and a first phosphor-comprising material is formed over first surface areas of the substrate. The photoresist is stripped leaving some of the first phosphor-comprising material over substrate areas other than the first areas. Photoresist is again formed over the substrate and processed to expose second substrate areas which are different from the first substrate areas. In a preferred aspect, processing the photoresist comprises using a heated aqueous developing solution comprising an acid, e.g. lactic acid, effective to dislodge and remove first phosphor-comprising material from beneath the developed photoresist. A second phosphor-comprising material is formed over the substrate and the exposed second areas, with trace deposits being left over other substrate areas.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the multilayer coating of substrates with electrodeposition and powder coating materials, in which electrodeposition is used to apply at least one coat (2) of electrodeposition coating material to the substrate (1), after deposition the substrate (1) is, if desired, wholly or partially air-dried, a coat of powder coating material (3) is then applied, and finally electrodeposition coating material and powder coating material are jointly baked.

Abstract: A process to form a multilayer coating film, which is excellent in smoothness and capable of preventing a generation of popping even in case of a thick coating, characterized by that after a cationic electrodeposition coating is coated and cured by heating, an intermediate coating, comprising polymerizable unsaturated compound, photopolymerization initiator, thermal polymerization initiator, and further optionally pigment and/or polyester resin and crosslinking agent, is coated, and the coating film is cured by irradiation with an actinic ray, and then a thermocurable top coating is coated and cured by heating, is disclosed.

Abstract: A method of applying several coats to an electrically conducting substrate by applying a primer coat using electrophoresis, stoving the primer coat, applying directly to the stoved primer coat a colored and/or special effect coating layer made of an aqueous coating material containing color and/or special effect pigments and including as a binder: A) 50 to 85% by weight of one of more hybrid binder vehicles based on polyesters and on (meth)acrylic copolymers with a hydroxyl number of 100 to 350 mg KOH/g and an acid number of 20 to 60 mg KOH/g; B) 0 to 20% by weight of one or more of binder vehicles which are different from A); and C) 15 to 50% by weight of one or more free or blocked polyisocyanates and/or one or more triazine-based components which crosslink with the hydroxyl groups of component A) with the formation of ether and/or ester groups, at least 50% by weight of the (meth)acrylic copolymers of component A) being produced in the presence of at least 20% by weight of the polyester or polyesters of co

Abstract: A process for preparing a phosphor layer of a cathode ray tube. To prepare a phosphor layer located on the display screen rear side of the cathode ray tube, the display screen rear side is first coated with an electrically conductive electrode layer consisting of electrically conductive polymers; a solution containing the phosphors or their precursors as well as a solution containing an electrolyte are deposited on the electrode layer; an electric field is applied between the electrode layer and the solution; and the phosphors are electrophoretically deposited on the electrode layer to form the phosphor layer. Since polymers with an evaporation temperature below the destruction temperature of the phosphors are selected, the electrode layer can subsequently be removed by evaporating the polymers.

Abstract: A process for the multi-layer coating of electrically conductive substrates by the electrophoretic deposition of a first coating layer comprising an electrophoretically depositable aqueous coating medium, to which a second coating layer, comprising a first color- and/or effect-imparting base lacquer coating medium, is applied wet-into-wet, and the first and second coating layers thus obtained are stoved jointly, whereupon a third coating layer comprising a second color- and/or effect-imparting base lacquer coating medium is applied and a fourth coating layer comprising a clear lacquer coating medium is applied wet-into-wet thereto and the third and fourth coating layers are stoved jointly, wherein the total dry coat thickness of the second and third coating layers produced from the base lacquer coating media is between 15 and 40 .mu.m and the proportion of the second coating layer is between 20 and 50% of the total dry coat thickness of the second and third coating layers.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cationic electrodepositable coating composition comprising:?I! a polyurethane-modified epoxy resin-amine adduct obtained by a reaction of:(A) a polyurethane compound having one terminal isocyanate group in the molecule, obtained by a reaction of (a) a polyhydroxy compound having a number-average molecular weight of 50-8,000, (b) a polyisocyanate compound, and (c) a compound having one active hydrogen atom in the molecule,(B) a bisphenol type epoxy resin having at least two epoxy groups in the molecule, and(C) an active-hydrogen-containing amine compound, and ?II! a nonionic film-forming resin.This composition can form a coating film having excellent weathering resistance and corrosion resistance and, when used in combination with an aqueous base coating and a powder coating (a top coat), can provide a coating system which is simple to apply, which can give a coating film very superior in appearance, corrosion resistance, weathering resistance, chipping resistance, etc.

Abstract: The present invention provides a coating method which comprises applying, onto a material to be coated, a cationic electrodepositable coating composition comprising (A) a polyurethane-modified epoxy resin-amine adduct obtained by a reaction of (A-1) a polyurethane-compound having one terminal isocyanate group in the molecule, obtained by a reaction of (a) a polyhydroxy compound having a number-average molecular weight of 50-8,000, (b) a polyisocyanate compound, and (c) a compound having one active hydrogen atom in the molecule; (A-2) a bisphenol type epoxy resin having at least two epoxy groups in the molecule; and (A-3) an active-hydrogen-containing amine compound, and (B) a nonionic film-forming resin, the weight ratio of the resin (A)/the resin (B) being 15/85 to 95/5 and the coating composition comprising substantially no pigment, then heat-curing the formed electrocoating film; and thereafter applying, onto the cured electrocoating film, an aqueous coating composition comprising a metallic pigment and/or

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for selectively electroplating apertured products. The products are masked in accordance with the intended plating and subsequently exposed to an electrolyte in order to electroplate the products. For masking purposes a fully closed photoresist layer is electrophoretically applied to the products, and after drying of the photoresist layer, the products are covered with a photomask in accordance with the locations to be plated, after which exposure takes place. Then the photoresist layer is partially removed, while the remaining part of the photoresist layer remains behind on the products, to serve as a mask for the metal products upon electroplating.

Abstract: A surface coating applied to a subject surface includes an undercoating, a color base layer, coated over the undercoating layer, which contains a coloring material, and a color clear layer, coated over the color base layer, which contains a coloring dye of a hue within +/-10 from a hue of the coloring material of the base color layer on the 100-division Mansell hue ring.The color clear layer may be applied with a paint spray device while rotating the subject surface around an axis and continuously moving the subject surface along the axis to form a spiral pattern of paint spray relative to and around the subject surface at regular pitches. Preferably, the ratio of each of the regular pitches to a width of the pattern of paint spray is less than 0.3.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for film formation, which comprises applying onto a substrate an electrocoating (A) and an intermediate coating (B) in this order, heat-curing the formed films of the coatings (A) and (B), applying thereon a liquid light color coating (C), the liquid light color coating (C) forming a color film having an L value of 30-95 in the Lab color system, which comprises 100 parts by weight of a thermosetting resin composition, 0.1-30 parts by weight of a fine aluminum powder having an average particle diameter of less than 10.mu. and 1-200 parts by weight of a titanium oxide pigment and which shows a film hiding power of 25.mu. or less and a film elongation ratio of 10-50% at 20.degree. C., a liquid metallic coating (D) which comprises 100 parts by weight of a thermosetting resin composition and 0.1-20 parts by weight of a metallic pigment having an average particle diameter of 3.mu. or more and which shows a film hiding power of 50.mu.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for film formation, which comprises applying onto a substrate an electrocoating (A) and an intermediate coating (B) in this order, heat-curing the formed films of the coatings (A) and (B), applying thereon a liquid deep color coating (C) which comprises 100 parts by weight of a thermosetting resin composition, 0.1-30 parts by weight of an aluminum powder having an average particle diameter of 10.mu. or less, 1-100 parts by weight of a titanium oxide pigment and 0.1-10 parts by weight of a carbon black pigment and which shows a film hiding power of 25.mu. or less and a film elongation ratio of 10-50% at 20.degree. C., a liquid color clear coating (D) which comprises a thermosetting resin composition and a color pigment as the main components and which shows a film hiding power of 50.mu. or more and a film elongation ratio of 10% or less at 20.degree. C.

Abstract: The invention describes a method of producing an adherent and corrosion-inhibiting multi-layer coating on metal parts comprising the steps of(A) phosphating the metal parts with an aqueous metal phosphating solution;(B) electrophoretically depositing a film of a siccative organic coating composition on the phosphated metal parts;(C) applying a second film of a composition comprising at least one film-forming organic resin component as a seal coat;(D) curing the coating on the metal parts; and optionally(E) applying a corrosion-inhibiting film as a top seal coat.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for forming a multilayer film, which comprises: applying a cationic electrocoating (A) and an intermediate coating (B) in this order, followed by heat-curing, applying thereon a coloring base coating (C) capable of forming a colored film having a value of N 7 to N 9 in Munsell's color system, applying, without curing the coloring base coating (C) applied above, an iridescent base coating (D) containing a scaly mica powder coated with titanium oxide, followed by preliminary drying at 50.degree.-100.degree. C., and applying a clear coating (E), followed by heating to subject the films of the coatings (C), (D) and (E) simultaneously to crosslinking and curing, wherein the coloring base coating (C) and the iridescent base coating (D) are each a thermosetting aqueous coating containing, as vehicle components, an acrylic resin emulsion (a), a urethane resin emulsion (b) and a crosslinking agent (c).

Abstract: A copper heat exchanger unit for operating in a harsh environment wherein the exposed surfaces of the unit are first provided with a black oxide layer and then electrocoated with a protective acrylic barrier.

Abstract: Process for the production of multi-layer lacquer coatings by electrophoretic deposition of a first coating layer of a first, aqueous coating composition onto an electrically conductive substrate, application of a second coating layer based on a second, powder coating composition and joint baking of the coating layers so obtained, which process is characterised in that a powder coating composition is used for the second coating layer which is based on binders which contain no diene-based polymer units, wherein the coating composition is selected such that the minimum baking temperature range of the second coating layer is above that of the first coating layer or overlaps with this range in such a manner that the lower limit of the range of the second coating layer is above the lower limit of the range of the first coating layer.

Abstract: Corrosion resistant fasteners and similar articles are compositely coated in which an epoxy base coating is applied on an inner metallic core and a top coating is applied on the epoxy coating. The epoxy base coat is preferably applied on the metallic core by cathodic electrodeposition. The composition of the top coating can comprise sulfonates such as petroleum sulfonates and sulfurized hydrocarbon fatty acid and ester. Hydrocarbon fatty acid ester in the top coat can be derived from polymer of ethylene or propylene or natural oil. Particularly preferred top coat formulations additionally include a salt of sulfamic acid or a derivative and/or salts of barium such as barium carbonate and barium sulfate. The composite coatings provide improvement in corrosion resistance of the fasteners.