Hydroxy Containing Patents (Class 205/437)
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Patent number: 11773128Abstract: The disclosure relates to methods of forming a dihydrochalcone using electrocatalytic dehydrogenation. In particular, the disclosure relates to methods of forming a dihydrochalcone electrocatalytically hydrogenating (ECH) a reactant compound over a catalytic cathode in a reaction medium having a non-alkaline pH value, thereby forming a dihydrochalcone product; wherein the reactant compound has a structure according to Formula (I). The method can be used to prepare dihydrochalcone sweeteners, such as, for example, naringin dihydrochalcone and neohesperidin dihydrochalcone.Type: GrantFiled: March 27, 2020Date of Patent: October 3, 2023Assignee: BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF MICHIGAN STATE UNIVERSITYInventors: Mikhail Redko, Christopher M. Saffron, James E. Jackson
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Patent number: 11621421Abstract: An organic positive electrode active material for aqueous redox flow batteries, and more particularly, to technology of applying an organic positive electrode active material to make up for the drawbacks of conventional aqueous redox flow batteries. An aqueous redox flow battery to which a particular positive electrode active material is applied has no problems regarding metal deposition, and can also be useful in realizing a high energy density because the positive electrode active material may be used at high concentration due to an increase in solubility in a solvent, attaining a high working voltage, and enhancing energy efficiency. Also, the aqueous redox flow battery has excellent economic feasibility because an expensive organic electrolyte is not used.Type: GrantFiled: July 7, 2021Date of Patent: April 4, 2023Assignee: LG CHEM, LTD.Inventors: Sujin Byun, Sungyeon Kim, Bong Hyun Jeong, Tae Geun Noh, Jeongbae Lee, Esder Kang
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Patent number: 10786805Abstract: Provided herein are compositions comprising cadmium sulfide quantum dot photocatalysts and methods and systems utilizing as much (e.g., for the reduction of a nitrobenzene to an aniline).Type: GrantFiled: March 18, 2016Date of Patent: September 29, 2020Assignee: Northwestern UniversityInventors: Stephen C. Jensen, Emily A. Weiss
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Patent number: 10297465Abstract: The present invention provides a process for selectively etching molybdenum or titanium relative to a oxide semiconductor film, including providing a substrate comprising a layer of oxide semiconductor and a layer comprising molybdenum or titanium on the layer of oxide semiconductor; preparing the substrate by applying a photoresist layer over the layer comprising molybdenum or titanium, and then patterning and developing the photoresist layer to form an exposed portion of the layer comprising molybdenum or titanium; providing a composition comprising ammonia or ammonium hydroxide, a quaternary ammonium hydroxide and a peroxide; and applying the composition to the exposed portion for a time sufficient to etch and remove the exposed portion of the layer comprising molybdenum or titanium, wherein the etching selectively removes the molybdenum or titanium relative to the oxide semiconductor.Type: GrantFiled: January 13, 2015Date of Patent: May 21, 2019Assignee: SACHEM, Inc.Inventors: Paul Vermeulen, Craig Allen
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Patent number: 10094031Abstract: A method of producing reduced glutathione by electrolytic reduction of oxidized glutathione using a cathode cell and an anode cell separated from each other by a separating membrane, including using a cathode having a metal cathode surface, and, as a cathode solution, an aqueous oxidized glutathione solution having a pH adjusted to higher than 3.0 and 5.0 or below by adding a base, which is added with the same metal as the metal of the cathode surface, a metal salt thereof, or a metal oxide thereof.Type: GrantFiled: February 28, 2014Date of Patent: October 9, 2018Assignee: Kyowa Hakko Bio Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kenta Fukumoto, Miyuki Fukuda, Mitsutaka Kino
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Patent number: 10056635Abstract: Embodiments of a method of removing carbonaceous deposits in a liquid-hydrocarbon fueled solid oxide fuel cell and related system are provided. The method includes providing a solid oxide fuel cell system having an anode, a cathode, a solid oxide electrolyte oriented between the anode and cathode, an amplifier cathode disposed proximate the solid oxide electrolyte and the cathode, a fuel cell electric circuit electrically connecting the anode and the cathode, and an amplifier electric circuit electrically connecting the anode and the amplifier cathode. Further, operating the amplifier electric circuit in an electrolytic mode to electrically power the amplifier cathode, wherein the amplifier cathode generates and supplies O2? or CO32? to the anode. The method further includes removing the carbonaceous deposits on the anode by converting the carbonaceous deposits to carbon dioxide gas via reaction with the O2? or CO32? and expelling the carbon dioxide gas.Type: GrantFiled: February 17, 2015Date of Patent: August 21, 2018Assignee: Saudi Arabian Oil CompanyInventors: Ahmad D. Hammad, Stamatios Souentie
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Publication number: 20140027302Abstract: Reduced glutathione is produced by a process for producing reduced glutathione by electroreduction of oxidized glutathione using a cathode cell and an anode cell separated from each other by a separating membrane, comprising using, as a solution in the cathode cell, an aqueous oxidized glutathione solution having a pH adjusted to higher than 3.0 and not more than 7.0 by adding a base, in which oxidized glutathione itself also acts as a conducting agent.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 4, 2013Publication date: January 30, 2014Applicant: Kyowa Hakko Bio Co., Ltd.Inventors: Kenta FUKUMOTO, Mitsutaka KINO
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Publication number: 20130327654Abstract: A method and apparatus for a photocatalytic and electrolytic catalyst includes in various aspects one or more catalysts, a method for forming a catalyst, an electrolytic cell, and a reaction method.Type: ApplicationFiled: March 15, 2013Publication date: December 12, 2013Inventors: Tara Cronin, Ed Ite Chen
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Patent number: 8591730Abstract: An ultraviolet reactor for treating a fluid. The reactor includes a vessel having an inlet for receiving fluid and an outlet for discharging fluid. The reactor further includes an ultraviolet light source and baffle plates. The baffle plates include holes arranged in a predetermined pattern for providing plug flow in areas in the reactor near the ultraviolet light source.Type: GrantFiled: July 28, 2010Date of Patent: November 26, 2013Assignee: Siemens Pte. Ltd.Inventors: Zhee Min Jimmy Yong, David Stibitz, Bruce Lee Coulter, Michael Scott Hoosier
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Patent number: 7972492Abstract: Disclosed is a process for the electrochemical transformation of a compound to form a product, the process comprising (i) effecting the transformation in the presence of an electrolyte comprising at least one room temperature ionic liquid, wherein the ionic liquid is air-stable and moisture-stable, (ii) recovering the product, and optionally (iii) recovering the ionic liquid. The process can be used to effect the electrochemical transformation of a wide range of organic compounds.Type: GrantFiled: July 8, 2002Date of Patent: July 5, 2011Assignee: The Queen's University of BelfastInventors: William R. Pitner, Kenneth R. Seddon, Kenneth M. Stack, Alan Curzons, Richard Freer
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Publication number: 20090294298Abstract: According to the present invention, phenols may be detected using an electrochemical sensor comprising a final compound, a working electrode and an electrolyte in contact with the working electrode, wherein the first compound operatively undergoes a redox reaction at the working electrodes to form a second compound which operatively reacts in situ with the phenol, wherein said redox reaction has a detectable redox couple and wherein the sensor is adapted to determine the electrochemical response of the working electrode to the consumption of said second compound on reaction with the phenol. The phenol may be, for example, cannabinoid or a catechin compound.Type: ApplicationFiled: June 16, 2006Publication date: December 3, 2009Applicant: ISIS INNOVATION LIMITEDInventors: Richard Guy Compton, Craig Edward Banks
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Patent number: 6808616Abstract: The present invention relates to a new process for the electrochemical preparation of p-aminophenols, especially 5-aminosalicylic acid. The process can be performed at a low temperature of below 50° C.Type: GrantFiled: December 13, 2002Date of Patent: October 26, 2004Assignee: Noveon IP Holdings Corp.Inventor: Gaspar Sanchez-Cano
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Patent number: 6770189Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for improving the purity of a composition comprising a quaternary ammonium hydroxide comprising the steps of (a) providing an electrolysis cell which comprises an anolyte compartment containing an anode, a catholyte compartment containing a cathode, and at least one intermediate compartment, said at least one intermediate compartment being separated from the anolyte and catholyte compartments by cation selective membranes, (b) charging water, optionally containing a supporting electrolyte, to the anolyte compartment, charging water, optionally containing a quaternary ammonium hydroxide, to the catholyte compartment, and charging the composition comprising the quaternary ammonium hydroxide to be purified to the intermediate compartment, (c) passing a current through the electrolysis cell to produce a purified aqueous quaternary ammonium hydroxide solution in the catholyte compartment, and (d) recovering the purified aqueous quaternary ammonium hydroxide solution fromType: GrantFiled: October 16, 2001Date of Patent: August 3, 2004Assignee: Flexsys B.V.Inventors: Anna Giatti, Fred Korpel, Roger Keranen Rains, Gerrit Jan Boerman
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Publication number: 20030121787Abstract: This invention relates to a process for improving the purity of an aqueous onium hydroxide solution. In particular, the invention relates to a process for improving the purity of aqueous onium hydroxide solutions containing undesirable amounts of anions. The invention also relates to the improved high purity onium hydroxide solutions obtained by the above method.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 3, 2002Publication date: July 3, 2003Inventors: Robert J. Reiter, Kelly Hefner
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Publication number: 20020014417Abstract: An electrochemical cell comprising a negative electrode, a solid electrolyte which conducts oxygen ions, and a positive electrode comprising zeolites, mordenites, silicates, phosphates or mixed-metal oxides having a pore size of less than 200 nm can be used in a process for partially oxidizing organic compounds, for example alkanes, olefins or aromatic compounds.Type: ApplicationFiled: May 30, 2001Publication date: February 7, 2002Inventors: Adolf Kuehnle, Mark Duda, Guido Stochniol, Uwe Tanger, Horst-Werner Zanthoff
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Publication number: 20010037947Abstract: Methods of forming low molecular weight oligomers of aniline-based compounds are provided as well as methods of forming varied molecular weight oligomers and polymers that are aniline-based which are end-functionalized and capable of being reacted with other monomeric species to form a variety of copolymers. The oligomers, end-functionalized oligomers and copolymers exhibit corrosion-resistant properties and provide corrosion-resistant compounds for use on various substrates.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 5, 2001Publication date: November 8, 2001Inventors: Yen Wei, Chuncai Yang, Tianzhong Ding, Xinru Jia, Danliang Jin, Jui-Ming Yeh, Jianguo Wang
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Publication number: 20010025798Abstract: In order to prepare tetramethylammonium hydroxide by electrolysis of a tetramethylammonium salt in a cell with a cation-exchange membrane, the operation is carried out continuously under stationary conditions obtained, on the one hand, by the introduction, into the anode electrolysis loop, of a tetramethylammonium salt solution which is more concentrated than that present in the cell and by an input of water into the cathode loop and, on the other hand, by the withdrawal of a portion of each of the solutions circulating in the anode and cathode loops.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 12, 2001Publication date: October 4, 2001Inventor: Francoise Andolfatto
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Patent number: 6214196Abstract: A method of producing a bisphosphine oxide by performing a koble electrolysis coupling reaction to a phosphine oxide carboxylic acid represented by the general formula (1): wherein the bisphosphine oxide is represented by the following general formula (2):Type: GrantFiled: August 9, 1999Date of Patent: April 10, 2001Assignee: Nippon Chemical Industrial Co., Ltd.Inventors: Masashi Sugiya, Hiroyuki Nohira
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Patent number: 6193681Abstract: A method and apparatus for preventing and treating septicemia in patient blood. The extracorporeal system includes an anti-microbial device to kill at least 99% of bloodborne microorganisms, a hemoconcentrator/filtration unit to remove approximately 90% of target molecules from the patient blood and a filter unit to remove target molecules from patient blood from the sieved plasma filtrate. Target molecules are produced by microorganisms as well as the patient's cells and include endotoxins from gram negative bacteria, exotoxins from gram negative and gram positive bacteria, as well as RAP protein mediator from Staphylococcus aureus, and cell mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin 1-beta, complement proteins C3a and C5a, and brandykinin.Type: GrantFiled: September 14, 1998Date of Patent: February 27, 2001Assignee: American Immuno Tech, LLC.Inventors: Alan Davidner, H. Vernon Roohk, Richard G. L. Chan
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Patent number: 6165341Abstract: In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a method of making a catalytic film comprising: applying an electric current to an electrochemical cell comprising an anode, a cathode and a solution comprising a film forming compound and a nitrate ion source thereby forming the catalytic film.Type: GrantFiled: August 13, 1998Date of Patent: December 26, 2000Assignee: Sachem, Inc.Inventors: Hossein Sharifian, Allen J. Bard
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Patent number: 6143161Abstract: The present invention refers to a process for the preparation of 4-(des-dimethylamino)-tetracyclines, which compounds have a therapeutical application. The starting tetracyclines are treated with a methylating agent and the resulting trimethylammonium salts are reduced by electrolysis in an aqueous solution at acidic pH, in the presence of an adequate electrolyte. A direct electrical current with a potential of 0.5-1.5 volts is applied between two convenient electrodes until the reaction is complete. The 4-(des-dimethylamino)-tetracyclines are isolated by extraction with an organic solvent.Type: GrantFiled: May 24, 1999Date of Patent: November 7, 2000Assignee: Hovione Inter Ltd.Inventors: William Heggie, Jose Galindro, Pedro Santos, Luis Carvalho
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Patent number: 5904823Abstract: In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method of preparing hydroxylamine from a hydroxylammonium salt solution, including providing an electrochemical cell containing an anode, a cathode, a cation selective membrane and an anion selective membrane, wherein the cation selective membrane is positioned between the cathode and the anion selective membrane, and the anion selective membrane is positioned between the cation selective membrane and the anode, thereby defining a feed compartment between the cation selective membrane and the anion selective membrane, a recovery compartment between the cathode and the cation selective membrane, and an acid compartment between the anion selective membrane and the anode; charging a first solution to the acid compartment and a second solution the recovery compartment; charging the hydroxylammonium salt solution to the feed compartment; passing a current through the cell to produce hydroxylamine in the recovery compartment; and recovering hydroxylamine from theType: GrantFiled: April 10, 1997Date of Patent: May 18, 1999Assignee: Sachem, Inc.Inventors: Hossein Sharifian, Christopher D. Shay
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Patent number: 5753097Abstract: In one embodiment, the invention relates to a process for purifying solutions containing a hydroxide compound, including the steps of: (A) providing an electrochemical cell containing an anode, a cathode, a cation selective membrane and a bipolar membrane, the bipolar membrane having an anion selective side facing the anode and a cation selective side facing the cathode, wherein the cation selective membrane is positioned between the anode and the bipolar membrane, and the bipolar membrane is positioned between the cation selective membrane and the cathode, thereby defining a feed compartment between the cation selective membrane and the anode, a recovery compartment between the bipolar membrane and the cation selective membrane, and a water compartment between the bipolar membrane and the cathode; (B) charging a solution of an ionic compound at a first concentration to the water compartment, and water to the recovery compartment; (C) charging a solution containing the hydroxide compound at a second concentraType: GrantFiled: October 3, 1996Date of Patent: May 19, 1998Assignee: Sachem, Inc.Inventors: Hossein Sharifian, John E. Mooney
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Patent number: 5709790Abstract: In one embodiment, the invention relates to a process for purifying solutions containing a hydroxide compound, including the steps of: (A) providing an electrochemical cell containing an anode, a cathode, a cation selective membrane and an anion selective membrane, wherein the cation selective membrane is positioned between the cathode and the anion selective membrane, and the anion selective membrane is positioned between the cation selective membrane and the anode, thereby defining a feed compartment between the cation selective membrane and the anion selective membrane, a recovery compartment between the cathode and the cation selective membrane, and a water compartment between the anion selective membrane and the anode; (B) charging a solution of an ionic compound at a first concentration to the water compartment, and water to the recovery compartment; (C) charging a solution of the hydroxide compound at a second concentration to the feed compartment; (D) passing a current through the cell to produce theType: GrantFiled: October 3, 1996Date of Patent: January 20, 1998Assignee: Sachem, Inc.Inventors: Hossein Sharifian, John E. Mooney
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Patent number: 5709789Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of preparing hydroxylamine in an electrochemical cell, comprising the steps of: providing an electrochemical cell comprising an anode, a cathode, a bipolar membrane positioned between the anode and the cathode, the bipolar membrane having an anion selective side facing the anode and a cation selective side facing the cathode, and a divider positioned between the bipolar membrane and the anode, thereby defining a feed compartment on the cation selective side of the bipolar membrane, a recovery compartment on the anion selective side of the bipolar membrane, and an anolyte compartment between the divider and the anode; charging the feed compartment with an acidic electrolyte and the recovery and anolyte compartments with a solution; introducing nitrogen containing gas into the feed compartment; passing a current through the electrochemical cell thereby producing hydroxylammonium salt in the feed compartment; transferring at least a portion of the hydroxylammonium salt fType: GrantFiled: October 23, 1996Date of Patent: January 20, 1998Assignee: Sachem, Inc.Inventors: Christopher D. Shay, Hossein Sharifian
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Patent number: 5679235Abstract: An electrolyte contains a tetravalent salt of titanium and a trivalent salt of cerium in a methanesulfonic acid solution. A reducing agent consisting of trivalent titanium and an oxidizing agent consisting of tetravalent cerium are provided in the same solution. An electrochemical cell is disclosed wherein the catholyte and anolyte utilize this electrolyte. The reduction of tetravalent titanium into trivalent titanium is accomplished by electrolysis in the presence of extraneous trivalent cerium ions. The oxidation of trivalent cerium into tetravalent cerium is accomplished by electrolysis in the presence of extraneous tetravalent titanium ions. Simultaneous reduction of tetravalent titanium into trivalent titanium and oxidation of trivalent cerium to tetravalent cerium by electrolysis is also disclosed. Reduction of organic compounds using trivalent titanium in the presence of trivalent cerium in methanesulfonic acid is disclosed.Type: GrantFiled: April 21, 1995Date of Patent: October 21, 1997Assignee: Hydro-QuebecInventor: Stephen Harrison
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Patent number: 5660711Abstract: A process is described for preparing 3-exomethylene cephalosporanic acid derivatives for use in the synthesis of cephalosporin antibiotics such as ceftibuten. The process comprises electrochemical reduction of a compound of the formula (IV) ##STR1## wherein: R.sup.3 is CH.sub.3 C(O)--; ##STR2## is an optional sulfoxide group; n is 2 or 3; R.sup.1 is H and R is H or NHR.sup.2, where R.sup.2 is H or a protecting group selected from C.sub.6 H.sub.5 CH.sub.2 OC(O)--, C.sub.6 H.sub.5 C(O)-- or C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxy-C(O)--; or wherein R and R.sup.1 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached comprise --C(O)--, and produces the desired 3-exomethylene compounds with low levels of the corresponding 3-methyl tautomers.Type: GrantFiled: December 8, 1995Date of Patent: August 26, 1997Assignee: Schering CorporationInventors: Derek Walker, Junning Lee, Charles R. Martin, Haiyan Zhang, Loris Sogli, Ermanno Bernasconi, Vinod Parakkal Menon
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Patent number: 5545309Abstract: The invention is a method of processing a waste liquid containing at least an organic quaternary ammonium hydroxide. The waste liquid is brought into contact with a cation-exchanging material so as to make the organic quaternary ammonium ions adsorbed by the material to thereby remove the ions from the liquid (adsorbing step), and optionally the cation-exchanged water obtained by the contact is again processed to separate and remove resist peelings and surfactants therefrom. The invention is also a method of processing the organic quaternary ammonium hydroxide-containing waste liquid for recovering a valuable substance of the organic quaternary ammonium hydroxide therefrom.Type: GrantFiled: May 11, 1995Date of Patent: August 13, 1996Assignee: Tama Chemicals Co., LTD.Inventors: Shumpei Shimizu, Toshitsura Cho, Shigeo Iiri