Abstract: A catalyst contains a metal oxide, and a molecular sieve, in a crystal form, having a topological pore structure. The metal oxide is centrally distributed on the surface of the molecular sieve. Grains of the molecular sieve are exposed to at least three families of crystal planes. The family of crystal plane with the largest pore size in topology is occupied by the metal oxide by no more than 30%, preferably no more than 20%, or no more than 10%.

Abstract: A supported catalyst and preparation method thereof, the catalyst comprising an organic polymer material carrier and Raney alloy particles supported on the organic polymer material carrier, wherein substantially all of the Raney alloy particles are partially embedded in the organic polymer material carrier. The catalyst can be used in hydrogenation, dehydrogenation, amination, dehalogenation or desulfuration reactions.

Abstract: A highly active hydroprocessing catalyst that comprises an inorganic oxide support particle having been impregnated with a metals-impregnation solution comprising a complexing agent and a hydrogenation metal that is further incorporated with an organic additive blend.

Abstract: A highly active hydroprocessing catalyst that comprises a doped support impregnated with at lease one hydrogenation metal component and filled with an organic additive blend. The catalyst is made by providing a doped support particle followed by impregnating the doped support particle with a metal impregnation solution to provide a metal-impregnated doped support particle. The metal-impregnated doped support particle is dried but not calcined and impregnated with an organic additive blend component.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a process for deep desulphurization of low sulphur content feedstock comprising the steps of providing a low sulphur content hydrocarbon feedstock and contacting said hydrocarbon feedstock with a cobalt-molybdenum desulphurizing system or a nickel-molybdenum desulphurizing system in an oxide form in order to obtain a very low sulphur product comprising less than 5 ppm by weight sulphur.

Abstract: Novel multi-metal catalysts comprising abundant Earth metals are described herein. Devices comprising the catalysts of the invention are also described. Methods of producing the catalysts are also described herein. Methods of producing hydrogen using the catalysts of the invention are also described herein.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a hydrocracking catalyst, a method for preparing the same and a use of the same, and a method for hydrocracking catalytic diesel oil. The catalyst comprises a support, an active metal component, and carbon, wherein, based on the total weight of the catalyst, the content of the support is 60 to 90 wt %, the content of the active metal component calculated in metal oxides is 15 to 40 wt %, and the content of carbon calculated in C element is 1 to 5 wt %; measured with an infrared acidimetric estimation method, the acid properties of the hydrocracking catalyst are: the total infrared acid amount is 0.4 to 0.8 mmol/g, wherein, the infrared acid amount of strong acid with desorption temperature greater than 350° C. is 0.08 mmol/g or lower, and the ratio of the total infrared acid amount to the infrared acid amount of strong acid with desorption temperature greater than 350° C. is 5 to 50.

Abstract: Nickel hydroxide obtained by neutralizing an aqueous nickel sulfate solution with an alkali is heat-treated in a non-reducing atmosphere at a temperature higher than 850° C. but lower than 1050° C. to form nickel oxide particles, and a sintered compact of nickel oxide particles that may be formed during the heat treatment is pulverized by preferably allowing the nickel oxide particles to collide with one another. The thus obtained nickel oxide fine powder has a sulfur content of 400 mass ppm or less, a chlorine content of 50 mass ppm or less, a sodium content of 100 mass ppm or less, and a specific surface area of 3 m2/g or more but less than 6 m2/g.

Abstract: A process and catalyst that provides for the upgrading of a high endpoint gas oil feedstock that contains significant concentrations of organic sulfur compound and organic nitrogen compounds. Included among the sulfur compounds are the dimethyl-dibenzothiophenes and derivative thereof. The catalyst of the process is an additive impregnated composition or a derivative thereof that further comprises cobalt and molybdenum. The process provides for the upgrading the high endpoint gas oil feedstock by significantly reducing the difficult to remove thiophene and nitrogen compounds and the process does this with a significantly reduced hydrogen consumption relative to processes using comparative catalysts.

Abstract: A low-pressure process for hydrodenitrogenation and hydrodesulfurization of a gas oil feedstock. The process uses a multi-bed, stacked-bed reactor system. The first and third beds of the multi-bed, stacked-bed reactor system include catalysts that comprise cobalt and molybdenum supported on alumina. The middle, second bed, includes a catalyst comprising nickel and molybdenum supported on alumina that preferably includes an additive. The stacked bed arrangement with the use of the specific catalysts provides for the low-pressure operation and significantly improved HDN and HDS activity with relatively insignificant differences in hydrogen consumption.

Abstract: Phosphoranimide-metal catalysts and their role in hydrodesulfurization are disclosed. The catalysts comprise of first row transition metals such as nickel, cobalt and iron. The catalysts have a metal to anionic phosphoranimide ratio of 1:1 and catalyze hydrodesulfurization of a range of sulfur-containing organic compounds under lower temperature and pressure conditions than those commonly used in industrial hydrodesulfurization.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hydrodesulfurization catalyst that exhibits a high desulfurization activity when used in hydrotreatment of hydrocarbon oil, in particular straight-run gas oil. The catalyst includes at least one type of metal component selected from Groups VIA and VIII in the periodic table, supported on a silica-titania-alumina support where the total of the diffraction peak area indicating the crystal structure of anatase titania (101) planes and the diffraction peak area indicating the crystal structure of rutile titania (110) planes is ¼ or less of the diffraction peak area indicating the aluminum crystal structure ascribed to ?-alumina (400) planes, as measured by X-ray diffraction analysis. The catalyst has (a) a specific surface area (SA) of 150 m2/g or greater, (b) a total pore volume (PVo) of 0.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a process for the removal of contaminating sulfur compounds, more in particular thiophenic sulfur compounds, from hydrocarbon feedstocks, said process comprising contacting the feedstock in the presence of hydrogen with a sulfided nickel adsorbent, of which adsorbent the rate constant for tetralin hydrogenation activity at 150° C. is less than 0.01 l/s.g cat and wherein in said adsorbent part of the nickel is present in the metallic form.

Abstract: A composition that comprises a support material that is loaded with an active metal or metal precursor and an additive that comprises an ether amine compound and, preferably, a morpholine compound as an additional component of the ether amine containing additive. The ether amine containing additive impregnated composition is useful in the hydroprocessing of hydrocarbon feedstocks. The ether amine containing additive impregnated composition is prepared by incorporating a metal solution into a support material followed by incorporating therein the ether amine containing additive.

Abstract: A highly active nickel carrier catalyst based on aluminium oxide has a nickel content of approximately 20 to 70 wt.-% (as Ni) and optionally comprises a bonding agent and optionally a promoter, selected from the compounds of Mg, Ti, Pb, Pt, Ba, Ca and/or Cu, wherein the size of the Ni crystallites in the reduced state is in the range of approximately 3.5 to 4.5 nm and the distortion factor of the Ni crystallites is approximately 2 to 5%. In a method for the reduction of the content of sulphur compounds in hydrocarbon-based fuels by selective adsorption of the sulphur compounds on a nickel catalyst, a nickel catalyst based on aluminium oxide is used, particularly the nickel catalyst described above. A nickel catalyst based on aluminium oxide may be used for reducing the sulphur compound content in hydrocarbon-based fuels by selective adsorption of the sulphur compounds on said catalyst and/or for the hydrogenation of aromatic compounds.

Abstract: A hydrotreating catalyst that exhibits excellent levels of both desulfurization activity and denitrification activity. The hydrotreating catalyst is prepared by supporting molybdenum, cobalt and nickel on a carrier comprising aluminum, silicon, phosphorus and boron, and then performing a presulfiding treatment, and has an average stacking number for molybdenum sulfide slab that is greater than 1.0 but not more than 1.9. Also, a process for producing a hydrotreating catalyst that enables a hydrotreating catalyst having excellent levels of both desulfurization activity and denitrification activity to be produced with comparative ease. The process includes a first step of mixing an acidic aluminum salt aqueous solution and a basic aluminum salt aqueous solution in the presence of phosphate ions and silicate ions to achieve a pH of 6.5 to 9.

Abstract: This disclosures provides an adsorbent which, on the basis of the total weight of the adsorbent, comprises: 1) a Si—Al molecular sieve having an A-FAU structure, wherein A represents a monovalent cation, in an amount of 1-20 wt %, 2) at least one binder selected from the group consisting of titanium dioxide, stannic oxide, zirconium oxide and alumina, in an amount of 3-35 wt %, 3) a silica source, in an amount of 5-40 wt %, 4) zinc oxide, in an amount of 10-80 wt %, and 5) at least one promoter metal selected from the group consisting of cobalt, nickel, iron and manganese, based on the metal, in an amount of 5-30 wt %, wherein at least 10 wt % of the promoter metal is present in a reduced valence state. This adsorbent exhibits improved activity and stability, and at the same time, is capable of significantly improving the octane number of the product gasoline.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the processing of hydrocarbon-containing feedstreams in the presence of an interstitial metal hydride comprised of at least one chemical element selected from Groups 3-11 (including the lanthanides, atomic numbers 58 to 71), and at least one chemical element selected from Groups 13-15 from the IUPAC Periodic Table of Elements. These interstitial metal hydrides, their catalysts and processes using these interstitial metal hydrides and catalysts of the present invention improve overall hydrogenation, product conversion, as well as sulfur reduction in hydrocarbon feedstreams.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of preparing a catalytic composition comprising at least one non-noble metal from group VIII and at least one metal from group VIB of the periodic table. The invention also relates to the catalytic composition thus produced, which has a high specific activity in reactions involving the hydroprocessing of light and intermediate fractions, preferably in reactions involving the hydrotreatment of hydrocarbon streams, including hydrodesulphurization (HDS), hydrodenitrogenation (HDN) and hydro-dearomatization (HDA).

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of the present invention relate to the processing of hydrocarbon-containing feedstreams in the presence of an interstitial metal hydride containing catalyst comprising a surface, and a Group VI/Group VIII metal sulfide coated onto the surface of the interstitial metal hydride. The catalysts and processes of the present invention can improve overall hydrogenation, product conversion, as well as sulfur reduction in hydrocarbon feedstreams.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for removing sulfur from crude oils using a catalytic hydrotreating process operating at moderate temperature and pressure and reduced hydrogen consumption. The process produces sweet crude oil having a sulfur content of between about 0.1 and 1.0 wt % in addition to reduced crude density. The method employs least two reactors in series, wherein the first reactor includes a hydroconversion catalyst and the second reactor includes a desulfurization catalyst.

Abstract: Phosphoranimide-metal catalysts and their role in hydrodesulfurization and hydrogenation are disclosed. The catalysts comprise of first row transition metals such as nickel, cobalt and iron. The catalysts have a metal to anionic phosphoranimide ratio of 1:1 and have no inactive bulk phase and no dative ancillary ligands. In one embodiment, the catalysts comprise discrete mixed-valent precatalyst clusters, the electronic state of which can be adjusted to optimize catalytic activity. The catalysts catalyze the hydrodesulfurization of a range of sulfur-containing organic compounds under lower temperature and pressure conditions than those conditions commonly used in industrial hydrodesulfurization. The catalysts also catalyze the hydrogenation of substrates comprising at least one carbon-carbon double bond which is not present in an aromatic moiety, although the substrate itself may include an aromatic moiety.

Abstract: The invention includes a hydrotreating method for increased CO content comprising: contacting an olefinic naphtha feedstream with a hydrogen-containing treat gas stream and a hydrotreating catalyst in a reactor under hydrotreating conditions sufficient to at least partially hydrodesulfurize and/or hydrodenitrogenate the feedstream, wherein the feedstream and the hydrogen-containing treat gas stream collectively have greater than 10 vppm CO content and/or wherein the reactor inlet sees an average CO concentration of greater than 10 vppm, wherein the hydrotreating catalyst comprises a catalyst having cobalt and molybdenum disposed on a silica-based support, and wherein the hydrotreating conditions are selected such that the catalyst has a relative HDS activity at least 10% greater than an identical catalyst under identical conditions except for a collective CO content of the feedstream and/or hydrogen-containing treat gas being <10 vppm and/or a reactor inlet CO content <10 vppm.

Abstract: A process and apparatus are disclosed for hydrotreating a hydrocarbon feed in a hydrotreating unit and hydrocracking a second hydrocarbon stream in a hydrocracking unit. The hydrocracking unit and the hydrotreating unit may share the same recycle gas compressor. A make-up hydrogen stream may also be compressed in the recycle gas compressor. The second hydrocarbon stream may be a diesel stream from the hydrotreating unit. The diesel stream may be a diesel and heavier stream from a bottom of a hydrotreating fractionation column.

Abstract: A process and apparatus are disclosed for hydrotreating a hydrocarbon feed in a hydrotreating unit and hydrocracking a second hydrocarbon stream in a hydrocracking unit. The hydrocracking unit and the hydrotreating unit may share the same recycle gas compressor. A make-up hydrogen stream may also be compressed in the recycle gas compressor. A hydrocracking separator separates recycle gas and hydrocarbons from the hydrocracking unit to be processed with effluent from the hydrotreating unit.

Abstract: A process for hydrotreating a first aromatics- and sulfur-containing hydrocarbon feed using a fresh supported CoMo catalyst, includes treating the fresh catalyst under first hydrotreating conditions with a second hydrocarbon feed having a lower aromatics content than the first feed.

Abstract: A process for treating a hydrocarbon-containing feedstock is provided in which a hydrocarbon-containing feedstock comprising at least 20 wt. % of heavy hydrocarbons is mixed with hydrogen and a catalyst to produce a vapor comprising a first hydrocarbon-containing product. The vapor comprising the first hydrocarbon-containing product is separated from the mixture, and, apart from the mixture, the first hydrocarbon-containing product is contacted with hydrogen and a catalyst containing a Column 6 metal to produce a second hydrocarbon-containing product.

Abstract: A process for the sulfidation of a sour gas shift catalyst, wherein the temperature of the sulfidation feed stream is coordinated with the sulfur/hydrogen molar ratio in that feed stream to obtain enhanced performance of the sour gas shift catalyst. In the sulfidation process to produce a sour gas shift catalyst, the lower the sulfur to hydrogen molar ratio of the sulfidation feed stream, the lower the required temperature of the sulfidation feed stream. The sulfidation reaction can be further enhanced by increasing the pressure on the sulfidation feed stream.

Abstract: A composition and method of making such a composition that has application in the hydroprocessing of hydrocarbon feedstocks. The method comprises selecting an organic additive by the use of a correlation model for predicting catalytic activity as a function of a physical property that is associated with the organic additive and incorporating the organic additive into a support material to provide the additive impregnated composition.

Abstract: A process for treating a hydrocarbon-containing feedstock is provided in which a hydrocarbon-containing feedstock comprising at least 20 wt. % of heavy hydrocarbons is mixed with hydrogen and a metal-containing non-acidic catalyst at a temperature of 375° C. to 500° C. to produce a vapor comprising a first hydrocarbon-containing product. The vapor comprising the first hydrocarbon-containing product is separated from the mixture, and, apart from the mixture, the first hydrocarbon-containing product is contacted with hydrogen and a catalyst containing a Column 6 metal at a temperature of 260° C.-425° C. to produce a second hydrocarbon-containing product.

Abstract: A process for treating a hydrocarbon-containing feedstock is provided in which a hydrocarbon-containing feedstock comprising at least 20 wt. % of heavy hydrocarbons is mixed with hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide and a metal-containing catalyst at a temperature of 375° C. to 500° C. and a pressure of from 6.9 MPa to 27.5 MPa to produce a vapor comprising a first hydrocarbon-containing product, where the hydrogen sulfide is mixed with the feedstock, metal-containing catalyst, and hydrogen at a mole ratio of hydrogen sulfide to hydrogen of at least 1:10. The vapor comprising the first hydrocarbon-containing product is separated from the mixture, and, apart from the mixture, the first hydrocarbon-containing product is contacted with hydrogen and a catalyst containing a Column 6 metal at a temperature of 260° C.-425° C. and a pressure of from 3.4 MPa to 27.5 MPa to produce a second hydrocarbon-containing product.

Abstract: Heavy crude oils having high sulfur content and viscosities are upgraded by a hydrodesulfurization (HDS) process that includes microwave irradiation of a mixture of the sour heavy crude oil with at least one catalyst and optionally, one or more sensitizers, and irradiation in the presence of hydrogen. The process is also adapted to microwave treatment of hard to break emulsions, either above ground or below ground where water-in-oil emulsions are initially formed, followed by the catalytic hydrodesulfurization promoted by application of further microwave energy to the demulsified crude oil stream.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a regenerated hydrotreatment catalyst regenerated from a hydrotreatment catalyst for treating a petroleum fraction, the hydrotreatment catalyst being prepared by supporting molybdenum and at least one species selected from metals of Groups 8 to 10 of the Periodic Table on an inorganic carrier containing an aluminum oxide, wherein a residual carbon content is in the range of 0.15 mass % to 3.0 mass %, a peak intensity of a molybdenum composite metal oxide with respect to an intensity of a base peak is in the range of 0.60 to 1.10 in an X-Ray diffraction spectrum, and a peak intensity of a Mo—S bond derived from a residual sulfur peak with respect to an intensity of a base peak is in the range of 0.10 to 0.60 in a radial distribution curve obtained from an extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectrum of an X-ray absorption fine structure analysis.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process of hydrodesulphuration of at least one gasoline cut implementing a catalyst comprising, in its oxide form, at least one metal from group VIB and/or at least one metal from group VIII of the periodic table, present in the form of at least one polyoxometalate of the formula (HhXxMmOy)q?, wherein X is an element selected from phosphorus (P), silicon (Si), boron (B), nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co), the said element being taken alone, M is one or more element(s) selected from molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co), O is oxygen, H is hydrogen, h is an integer within the range 0 to 12, x is an integer within the range 0 to 4, m is an integer equal to 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 18, y is an integer within the range 17 to 72 and q is an integer within the range 1 to 20, the said polyoxometalates being present within a mesostructured silicon oxide matrix having a pore size within the range 1.

Abstract: A process for hydrotreating a first aromatics- and sulfur-containing hydrocarbon feed using a fresh supported CoMo catalyst, includes treating the fresh catalyst under first hydrotreating conditions with a second hydrocarbon feed having a lower aromatics content than the first feed.

Abstract: A method for hydroprocessing a hydrocarbon feedstock is provided. The method comprises contacting the feedstock with a catalyst under hydroprocessing conditions, wherein the catalyst is formed by sulfiding an unsupported catalyst precursor of the general formula Av[(MP) (OH)x (L)ny]z (MVIBO4), wherein MP is selected from Group VIII, Group IIB, Group IIA, Group IVA and combinations thereof; L is one or more oxygen-containing ligands, and L has a neutral or negative charge n<=0, MVIB is at least a Group VIB metal having an oxidation state of +6; MP:MVIB has an atomic ratio between 100:1 and 1:100; v?2+P*z?x*z+n*y*z=0; and 0?y??P/n; 0?x?P; 0?v?2; 0?z. In one embodiment, the catalyst precursor further comprises a cellulose-containing material. In another embodiment, the catalyst precursor further comprises at least a diluent (binder). In one embodiment, the diluent is a magnesium aluminosilicate clay.

Abstract: A process for desulphurizing hydrocarbons includes passing a mixture of hydrocarbon and hydrogen over a hydrodesulphurization catalyst to convert organosulphur compounds present in the hydrocarbon to hydrogen sulphide, passing the resulting mixture over a hydrogen sulphide sorbent including zinc oxide to reduce the hydrogen sulphide content of the mixture, and passing the hydrogen sulphide-depleted mixture over a further desulphurization material. The further desulphurization material includes one or more nickel compounds, a zinc oxide support material, and optionally one or more promoter metal compounds of iron, cobalt, copper and precious metals. The desulphurization material has a nickel content in the range 0.3 to 20% by weight and a promoter metal compound content in the range 0 to 10% by weight.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a process for upgrading one or more hydrocarbons boiling in a naphtha range including less than about 5%, by weight, one or more alkenes and about 2,000-about 5,000 wppm, S, comprised in one or more sulfur-containing compounds, based on the weight of the one or more hydrocarbons. The process can include contacting the one or more hydrocarbons with a catalyst. The catalyst may include about 0.1-about 10%, by weight, NiO, about 5-about 50%, by weight, MoO3, and about 0.1-about 10%, by weight, P, with the balance of the catalyst comprising Al2O3. The process can obtain an upgraded one or more hydrocarbons having a thiol concentration of no more than about 20 wppm, S, based on the sulfur comprised in one or more thiol compounds divided by the weight of the upgraded one or more hydrocarbons.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hydrogenation catalyst, containing a carrier, metal components of nickel, molybdenum and tungsten supported thereon, and an adjuvant component selected from the group consisting of fluorine and phosphor and combination thereof. In another embodiment, the present invention provides a hydrogenation catalyst, containing a carrier and metal components of nickel, molybdenum and tungsten supported thereon, wherein said carrier contains a molecular sieve. The present invention provides further use of said catalyst in the process for hydrogenating hydrocarbon oil. In comparison with a hydrogenation catalyst according to the prior art, the catalyst according to the present invention has a much higher activity.

Abstract: A process for converting heavy sulfur-containing crude oil into lighter crude oil with lower sulfur content and lower molecular weight is provided. The process is a low-temperature process using controlled cavitation.

Abstract: The present invention describes a method for hydrocracking and/or hydrotreating hydrocarbon-containing feeds using a catalyst comprising at least one hydro-dehydrogenizing metal selected from the group made up of group VIB and non-noble group VIII metals of the periodic table and a support comprising at least one zeolite having at least pore openings containing 12 oxygen atoms, modified by a) at least a stage of introducing at least one alkaline cation belonging to groups IA or IIA of the periodic table, b) a stage of treating said zeolite in the presence of at least one molecular compound containing at least one silicon atom, c) at least one stage of partial exchange of said alkaline cations by NH4+ cations in such a way that the proportion of alkaline cations remaining in the modified zeolite at the end of stage c) is such that the alkaline cation/aluminum molar ratio ranges between 0.2:1 and 0.01:1, and d) at least one thermal treatment stage.

Abstract: This invention relates to a catalyst and method for hydrodesulfurizing naphtha. More particularly, a Co/Mo metal hydrogenation component is loaded on a high temperature alumina support in the presence of a dispersion aid to produce a catalyst that is then used for hydrodesulrurizing naphtha. The high temperature alumina support has a defined surface area that minimizes olefin saturation.

Abstract: A continuous process for upgrading sour crude oil by treating the sour crude oil in a two step process that includes a hydro-demetallization section and a hydro-desulfurization section, both of which are constructed in a permutable fashion so as to optimize the operating conditions and catalyst lifespan to produce a high value crude oil having low sulfur and low organometallic impurities.

Abstract: Processes for the desulfurization of a cracked naphtha by the reaction of hydrogen with the organic sulfur compounds present in the feed are disclosed. In particular, processes disclosed herein may use one or more catalytic distillation steps followed by further hydrodesulfurization of the naphtha in a fixed bed reactor. It has been found that the formation of recombinant mercaptans in the fixed bed reactor effluent may be reduced or eliminated by reducing the concentration of hydrogen sulfide and/or olefins at the exit of the fixed bed reactor. The reduction or elimination in the formation of recombinant mercaptans may be accomplished by recycling a select portion of the fixed bed reactor effluent to the fixed bed reactor, where the select portion has a relatively low or nil concentration of olefins. Processes disclosed herein may thus facilitate the production of hydrodesulfurized cracked naphthas having a total sulfur content of less than 10 ppm, by weight.

Abstract: Inorganic material having at least two elementary spherical particles, each of said spherical metallic particles: a polyoxometallate with formula (XxMmOyHh)q?, where H is hydrogen, O is oxygen, X is phosphorus, silicon, boron, nickel or cobalt and M is one or more vanadium, niobium, tantalum, molybdenum, tungsten, iron, copper, zinc, cobalt and nickel, x is 0, 1, 2 or 4, m is 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 or 18, y is 17 to 72, h is 0 to 12 and q is 1 to 20.

Abstract: Heavy crude oils having high sulfur content and viscosities are upgraded by a hydrodesulfurization (HDS) process that includes microwave irradiation of a mixture of the sour heavy crude oil with at least one catalyst and optionally, one or more sensitizers, and irradiation in the presence of hydrogen. The process is also adapted to microwave treatment of hard to break emulsions, either above ground or below ground where water-in-oil emulsions are initially formed, followed by the catalytic hydrodesulfurization promoted by application of further microwave energy to the demulsified crude oil stream.

Abstract: A composition that comprises a support material having incorporated therein a metal component and impregnated with both hydrocarbon oil and a polar additive. The composition that is impregnated with both hydrocarbon oil and polar additive is useful in the hydrotreating of hydrocarbon feedstocks, and it is especially useful in applications involving delayed feed introduction whereby the composition is first treated with hot hydrogen, and, optionally, with a sulfur compound, prior to contacting it with a hydrocarbon feedstock under hydrodesulfurization process conditions.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process involving hydrocracking of a feedstream in which a converted fraction can exhibit relatively high distillate product yields and maintained or improved distillate fuel properties, while an unconverted fraction can exhibit improved properties particularly useful in the lubricant area. In this hydrocracking process, it can be advantageous for the yield of converted/unconverted product for gasoline fuel application to be reduced or minimized, relative to converted distillate fuel and unconverted lubricant. Catalysts and conditions can be chosen to assist in attaining, or to optimize, desirable product yields and/or properties.

Abstract: A method and a product made by treating a sulfur-containing hydrocarbon heavy feed, e.g., heavy crude asphaltene reduction is disclosed herein. The method comprises the steps of: mixing the sulfur-containing hydrocarbon heavy feed with a hydrogen donor solvent and an acidified silica to form a mixture and oxidizing the sulfur in the mixture at a temperature between 50° C. and 210° C., wherein the oxidation lowers the amount sulfur in the sulfur-containing hydrocarbon heavy feed by at least 90%.

Abstract: A hydroprocessing catalyst composition that comprises a support material and a selenium component and which support material further includes at least one hydrogenation metal component. The hydroprocessing catalyst is prepared by incorporating a selenium component into a support particle and, after calcination thereof, incorporating at least one hydrogenation metal component into the selenium-containing support. The metal-incorporated, selenium-containing support is calcined to provide the hydroprocessing catalyst composition.