Abstract: A hydroprocessing process includes two hydroprocessing reaction stages, both of which produce a liquid and a vapor effluent, and a liquid-vapor contacting stage. The first stage vapor effluent contains impurities, such as heteroatom compounds, which are removed from the vapor by contact with processed liquid effluent derived from one or both reaction stages and, optionally, also liquid recovered from processed vapor. The first and contact stage liquid effluents are passed into the second stage to finish the hydoprocessing. The contact and second stage vapor effluents are cooled to recover additional hydroprocessed product liquid.

Abstract: The process for the conversion of heavy crude oils or distillation residues to distillates comprises the following steps:mixing the heavy crude oil or distillation residue with a suitable hydrogenation catalyst and sending the mixture obtained to a hydrotreating reactor introducing hydrogen or a mixture of hydrogen and H.sub.2 S;sending the stream containing the hydrotreating reaction product and the catalyst in slurry phase to a distillation zone where the most volatile fractions are separated;sending the high-boiling fraction obtained in the distillation step to a deasphaltation step obtaining two streams, one consisting of deasphalted oil (DAO), the other consisting of asphaltenes, catalyst in slurry phase, possibly coke and rich in metals coming from the initial charge;recycling at least 60%, preferably at least 80% of the stream consisting of asphaltenes, catalyst in slurry phase, optionally coke and rich in metals, to the hydrotreatment zone.

Abstract: A process for hydrotreating petroleum fractions early in the refining process by employing catalyst prepared as components of distillation structures or as contained beds of catalyst in atmospheric distillation columns and or side draw columns. For example, a crude petroleum is hydrotreated by taking side streams from an atmospheric distillation column and the vacuum gas oil from a vacuum distillation column which are individually fed to separate desulfurizations, preferably in distillation column reactors containing a hydrodesulfurization catalyst. The overheads from each of the distillation column reactors is returned to the atmospheric column and the bottoms from each distillation column reactor is withdrawn as hydrotreated product. The process may also be used for upgrading the effluent from a fluid catalytic cracking unit, preferably operated as a catalytic distillation reactor.

Abstract: A process for simultaneously removing heteroatoms, such as sulfur, from a virgin distillate stream and a light catalytic cyclic stream in two reaction zones in a hydrotreating process unit. One reaction zone will be a low temperature reaction zone and the other will be the high temperature zone. In the low temperature reaction zone, the cracked stream is reacted with a hydrotreating catalyst at a predetermined temperature and in high temperature reaction zone, the virgin distillate stream is reacted with a catalyst which is less reactive than that of the first reaction zone. When catalyst in the high reaction zone is replaced with fresh catalyst the temperature is lowered so that it now becomes the low temperature zone in which the cracked stream is redirected.

Abstract: The recovery of distillate products from a hydrocracking process includes passing the liquid-phase portion of the reaction zone effluent into a stripping column. A naphtha sidecut stream is recovered off the stripping column and combined with the net overhead liquid of the column. These combined streams are then combined with the naphtha recovered from the primary product recovery column. This minimizes the hydrogen sulfide present in the total naphtha product.

Abstract: An enhanced process to reduce the sulfur content in petroleum distillate products through fractionation of a feedstock followed by segregated hydrotreating. Improved performance and more controlled desulfurization is achieved.

Abstract: A heavy crude oil is fractionated into at least three liquid fractions which include a distillate fraction boiling in the 400.degree. F.-650.degree. F. range and a 650.degree. F.+ boiling range residuum. The distillate cut is hydrodesulfurized and the residuum is hydrodemetallized. The cuts thus hydrotreated, and at least a part of the third liquid fraction, are then combined to form an upgraded synthetic crude oil of relatively low sulfur content and relatively low vanadium and nickel content.

Abstract: The catalytic hydrodesulfurization and/or hydrodenitrogenation of organic compounds containing sulfur and/or nitrogen is carried out in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising zinc, titanium and at least one promoter selected from the group consisting of vanadium, chromium, cobalt, nickel, molybdenum, tungsten, rhenium, platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, and compounds thereof.

Abstract: Residual hydrocarbon stocks obtained after vacuum distillation are converted into light distillates by certain sequences of processing steps including vacuum distillation, deasphalting, hydrocracking, atmospheric distillation and catalytic hydrotreating.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the conversion of a hydrocarbon oil vacuum distillation residue to one or more atmospheric distillates by a processing sequence comprising vacuum fractionation, catalytic cracking or hydrocracking, atmospheric fractionation, hydrotreating, atmospheric fractionation, and vacuum fractionation with certain recycle of intermediate streams to achieve efficient, economic operation.

Abstract: In a hydrodesulfurization process having separate naphtha and distillate hydrodesulfurization zones, volatile fractions of the distillate hydrodesulfurization effluent are recycled to the naphtha feed stream before it combines with the hydrogen stream and enters the hydrodesulfurization zone and heavy fractions separated from the naphtha hydrodesulfurization effluent are combined with a diesel fuel oil fraction separated from the distillate hydrodesulfurization effluent. Alternatively, light fractions separated from the distillate hydrodesulfurization effluent are combined with a condensed liquid stream being returned to a distillation fractionation zone separating light fractions from the naphtha hydrodesulfurization effluent.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for the production of distillate hydrocarbons from atmospheric distillation hydrocarbon residue.

Abstract: A sulfur-containing naphtha is separated into at least three fractions. Each fraction is desulfurized separately by a different desulfurization method. Subsequently, the desulfurized fractions are recombined. The intermediate boiling point naphtha fraction is desulfurized by an alkali metal desulfurization process, preferably in the presence of added hydrogen.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon mixtures having low sulfur contents are obtained from sulfur-containing vacuum gas oils by hydrodesulfurizing the gas oils under mild hydrodesulfurizing conditions, including use of:1. a select high-activity hydrodesulfurization catalyst,2. a temperature in the range 550.degree.F. to 850.degree. F., and3. a hydrogen partial pressure in the range 300 to 800 psig.New and advantageous results are obtained by integrating the foregoing process with one or more other process steps including:1. hydrodesulfurization of sulfur-containing vacuum residuum,2. solvent deasphalting of vacuum residuum, or3. hydrodesulfurizing a vacuum residuum and delayed coking at least a portion of the product.

Abstract: Gasoline product of cracking desulfurized with a selective desulfurizing catalyst by processing particularly a high boiling portion thereof to minimize hydrogenation of desired olefins in the gasoline product of cracking.