Abstract: A process for processing a sulfur-containing heavy oil, which comprises:in a first zone, catalytically cracking a sulfur-containing heavy oil in the presence of fluidized catalyst particles containing about 30 to 60 wt % Fe to thereby convert the heavy oil to a light oil, deposit sulfur-containing coke on the catalyst particles, and partially fixing the decomposed sulfur compounds with the reduced iron contained in the catalyst particles as iron sulfide;in a second zone, contacting the catalyst from the first zone with an oxygen containing gas in an amount less than that theoretically required to thereby partially combust the coke on the catalyst, reduce the iron in the catalyst, and fix the sulfur compounds contained in the coke as iron sulfide; andin a third zone, contacting the reduced catalyst from the second zone with steam in a fluidized manner to produce hydrogen and hydrogen sulfide and to convert the reduced iron and iron sulfide in the catalyst to iron oxides, with the iron oxide-containing catalyst

Abstract: A method and apparatus for enriching the iron carbonyl content of a recycle gas stream produced in an iron carbonyl decomposition or reaction process to enable reuse of the recycle gas stream in the iron carbonyl decomposition or reaction process by cooling the recycle gas stream, adding carbon monoxide to the recycle gas stream, compressing the recycle gas stream to a pressure of about 20 to about 38 atmospheres under conditions suitable to prevent substantial decomposition of residual iron carbonyl, and contacting the compressed gas stream at a temperature of about 65 to about 160.degree. C. with a reduced iron containing material in the presence of hydrogen sulfide under conditions suitable to produce substantially condensed iron carbonyl.

Abstract: Mineral oils containing minor or residual amounts of sulfur-containing impurities are upgraded by contact thereof with a cobalt oxide-supported sorbent under sulfur-sorbing conditions. The sorbent is regenerated by a set of sequential treatment steps.

Abstract: A process for petroleum refining to obtain petroleum products having a reduced content of sulphur, oxygen-and nitrogen-containing compounds which comprises introducing into the petroleum during distillation volatile and nonvolatile carbonyl compounds of transition metals selected from the group consisting of Cr, V, Mo, W, Mn, Re, Fe, Co, Ni in amounts of from 0.02 to 0.2% by weight of the petroleum at a temperature ranging from 150.degree. to 350.degree. C under a pressure of from 1 to 7 atm abs. and distilling the petroleum into the desired products.Gasoline and kerosene resulting from such processing have a 5 to 10 times reduced content of mercaptan sulphur and 2 to 10 times reduced total sulphur content, as well as a reduced content of gums.

Abstract: Disclosed is a catalyst and method for converting mercaptans and mercaptide compounds in aqueous alkaline solution to disulfides. Catalytic agent is a metal complex synthesized from 3,3',4,4'-benzophenonetetracarboxylic dianhydride and converted to either the alkali metal salt or to the acid form. The method for oxidizing the mercaptide compounds comprises contacting mercaptans and mercaptide compounds in aqueous alkaline solution with air in the presence of the catalyst and subsequently separating alkaline solution from the resultant disulfide compounds.

Abstract: Sulfur-containing impurities are removed from a refined hydrocarbon feed by contact thereof with a porous sulfur-reactive agent having a pore volume of at least 0.15 cc per cc of which at least 5% is in pores having a diameter in the range 0.1 to 15 microns. The agent contains at least one sulfur-reactive material from the group copper, iron, zinc and compounds thereof.

Abstract: A method of purifying crude petroleum and primary refining products of their sulfur, sulfur compounds, nitrogen- and oxygen-containing compounds which comprises treating crude petroleum or virgin petroleum stocks with complexes or salts of transition metals (.pi. -complexes of transition metals), salts or .pi. -allylic complexes of platinum metals and carbonyl complexes of transition metals at a temperature of 80.degree.-120.degree. C, followed by separating the purified target product from the resulting reaction mixture. stabilityThe method of the invention makes it possible to effect petroleum product purification as a single-stage process and, in contrast to the available methods, dispenses with the employment of hydrogen, catalysts, and aqueous alkalies.

Abstract: A process for reducing the sulfur content of hydrocarbon material by oxidizing the sulfur impurities contained in the hydrocarbon material, contacting the oxidized sulfur-containing hydrocarbon material with at least one of certain metal containing components at conditions to form a metal, sulfur-containing compound and recovering a hydrocarbon material of reduced sulfur content.