Abstract: A method of converting a plastic waste into oil by decomposing the plastic waste by a reaction using water in a supercritical or near supercritical region as a reaction medium. In this method, the reaction is conducted by using a tubular continuous reactor. The present invention further provides an apparatus therefor. Moreover, the present invention provides a method of converting a plastic waste into oil by conducting the reaction after hydrogen chloride is removed by performing the pyrolysis of the plastic waste in the case that the plastic waste contain chlorine. The present invention further provides an apparatus for performing this method.

Abstract: A system and/or process for decreasing the level of at least one organic fluoride present in a hydrocarbon mixture by first passing the hydrocarbon mixture to an eductor and educting into the hydrocarbon mixture a catalyst comprising a volatility reducing additive and hydrofluoric acid to produce a hydrocarbon-catalyst mixture, permitting the hydrocarbon-catalyst mixture to undergo a phase separation to produce a hydrocarbon phase having a lower concentration of at least one organic fluoride than the hydrocarbon mixture and to produce a catalyst phase, and withdrawing at least a portion of the hydrocarbon phase to thereby form a hydrocarbon product stream, are disclosed.

Abstract: An efficient dehalogenation can be carried out by a method which comprises treating an organic compound containing a compound of halogen, such as fluorine or chlorine, as an impurity and having non-conjugated carbon-carbon double bonds, for example, butene polymer produced with a boron trifluoride catalyst, with an inorganic solid treating agent containing aluminum atoms. When the dehalogenation is conducted in the presence of a basic substance such as ammonia or an amine, it can be continued over long while inhibiting the isomerization of the non-conjugated carbon-carbon double bonds.

Abstract: Boron trifluoride can be recovered in a reusable state by a method that is economical and does not cause environmental pollution, which method comprises the steps of bringing a fluid containing boron trifluoride or its complex into contact with metal fluoride so as to selectively adsorb and remove boron trifluoride in the complex and heating the resultant metal tetrafluoroborate at a temperature in the range of 100 to 600° C. to separate it into boron trifluoride and metal fluoride. By applying the method to a process for producing polybutene or olefin oligomer using boron trifluoride complex catalyst, the catalyst can be recovered with retaining its activity and reused effectively.

Abstract: Carbon monolith-supported catalysts with high leach resistance used in catalytic applications involving strong acidic and basic conditions in a pH range of from 0 to 6.5 and from 7.5 to 14, are respectively described. The leach resistance of the catalyst system originates from strong interaction between the catalyst and the unsaturated valence of the carbon surface. In addition to surprisingly high resistance to leach out, the catalysts also have substantial differential advantages in catalyst performance: catalyst activity, selectivity, and stability.

Abstract: A system and/or process for decreasing the level of at least one organic fluoride present in a hydrocarbon mixture by first passing the hydrocarbon mixture to an eductor and educting into the hydrocarbon mixture a catalyst comprising a volatility reducing additive and hydrofluoric acid to produce a hydrocarbon-catalyst mixture, permitting the hydrocarbon-catalyst mixture to undergo a phase separation to produce a hydrocarbon phase having a lower concentration of at least one organic fluoride than the hydrocarbon mixture and to produce a catalyst phase, and withdrawing at least a portion of the hydrocarbon phase to thereby form a hydrocarbon product stream, are disclosed. In an alternative embodiment, a system and/or process for controlling the concentration of at least one organic fluoride and/or the RON of the hydrocarbon mixture by adjusting the amount of volatility reducing additive present in the catalyst are disclosed.

Abstract: A method of treating a polychlorinated aromatic compound or a hydrocarbon oil containing a polychlorinated aromatic compound involves the step of heating while stirring the polychlorinated aromatic compound or the hydrocarbon oil containing the polychlorinated aromatic compound in the presence an alkali metal tert-butoxide as a reactant to remove chlorine from the polychlorinated aromatic compound and provide a post-reaction system with no chlorine.

Abstract: A process for recovering halides from hydrocarbon containing streams is disclosed using a sulfonated hexafluro bis-A-polysulfone membrane of polymers and copolymers having the polymer repeat unit of the formula: in the polymer or copolymer. This process is applicable to recovering and recycling hydrogen chloride, which is used as a catalytic promoter, in hydrocarbon conversion processes such as isomerization and alkylation.