With Chilling By Evaporation Of Solvent Patents (Class 208/35)
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Patent number: 9476628Abstract: The invention discloses an industrial shell and tube heat exchanger for providing freezing or chilling of brine to produce slurry ice, which includes a shell and tube heat exchanger located in a horizontal position and which includes at least one tube within the shell and tube heat exchanger; and at least one rotatable spiral driven in at least the one tube, and which is adapted to move or pump the brine and slurry ice through the respective tube to ensure individual supply of brine for the production of slurry ice.Type: GrantFiled: May 30, 2011Date of Patent: October 25, 2016Inventor: Frederik Evert Potgieter
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Patent number: 9248455Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus using a meltable filter medium for separating a mixture to be separated (liquid-solid or liquid-liquid mixture). The mixture to be separated is separated into a liquid passing through a filter layer of the filter medium and a captured material captured in the filter layer. The filter medium and the captured material are separated by melting the filter medium.Type: GrantFiled: October 1, 2010Date of Patent: February 2, 2016Assignees: KABUSHIKIKAISHA JO, HOKKAIDO RESEARCH ORGANIZATIONInventors: Masahiro Teduka, Masaharu Jo
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Patent number: 8029661Abstract: The determination of wax crystal particle size and population is used to monitor the performance of wax crystallizers used in lubricant oil processing using solvent dewaxing. The wax crystal particle size is monitored using online measurements. The information obtained from on-line monitoring is then used to control crystallization in the dewaxing equipment in order to optimize performance of the dewaxing units.Type: GrantFiled: October 19, 2007Date of Patent: October 4, 2011Assignee: ExxonMobil Research and Engineering CompanyInventors: Thomas R. Palmer, Brent E. Beasley, David S. Sinclair
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Patent number: 7972497Abstract: A process to prepare a heat transfer oil, comprising: a. dewaxing a substantially paraffinic wax feed by hydroisomerization dewaxing using a shape selective intermediate pore size molecular sieve under hydroisomerization conditions including a defined hydrogen to feed ratio, whereby a lubricating base oil is produced, b. selecting one or more fractions of the lubricating base oil having: i. a low pour point, ii. greater than 10 weight percent and less than 70 weight percent total molecules with cycloparaffinic functionality, wherein the one or more fractions have at least 31.2 wt % 1-unsaturations by FIMS, and iii. a ratio of weight percent molecules with monocycloparaffinic functionality to weight percent molecules with multicycloparaffinic functionality greater than 15; and c. blending the one or more fractions of the lubricating base oil with less than 0.2 wt % antifoam agent to prepare the heat transfer oil of a defined ISO viscosity grade.Type: GrantFiled: July 16, 2009Date of Patent: July 5, 2011Assignee: Chevron U.S.A. Inc.Inventors: Ravindra Shah, John M. Rosenbaum, Nancy J. Bertrand
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Publication number: 20100065469Abstract: The determination of wax crystal particle size and population is used to monitor the performance of wax crystallizers used in lubricant oil processing using solvent dewaxing. The wax crystal particle size is monitored using online measurements. The information obtained from on-line monitoring is then used to control crystallization in the dewaxing equipment in order to optimize performance of the dewaxing units.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 19, 2007Publication date: March 18, 2010Inventors: Thomas R. Palmer, Brent E. Beasley, David Sinclair
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Patent number: 6890425Abstract: A method of refining a petroleum product to remove aromatics and to separate paraffinic oils and waxes is provided. The method involves the utilization of phase equilibria wherein crystallized or solidified waxes, normally present in the petroleum product, are used to remove oils from a liquid solvent phase containing dissolved aromatics present in the unrefined petroleum product. The wax containing the oils is separated from the aromatic-containing solvent and is further processed to separate the waxes and oils. For petroleum products containing little, if any, wax, additional wax may be added and recycled back for further use in removing oils from the petroleum product. The method has particular application in preparing lubricating oils having a high viscosity index, where the presence of aromatics and wax can be detrimental.Type: GrantFiled: September 30, 2002Date of Patent: May 10, 2005Assignee: Process Dynamics, Inc.Inventors: Michael D. Ackerson, Michael Steven Byars
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Patent number: 6827842Abstract: A laser beam reflected by wax crystals is used in determining the wax crystallization temperature of a hot dewaxing solvent upstream of solvent chillers. This is automatically achieved by an on-line method from a remote control point, in which a slipstream of solvent is passed through an attached solvent loop into a sample chamber in the loop, without being exposed to ambient conditions. As the sample is cooled, the beam reflections are detected and indicate the wax to crystallization temperature. Corrective measures can then be taken to prevent fouling of the chillers, if need be.Type: GrantFiled: October 19, 2001Date of Patent: December 7, 2004Assignee: ExxonMobil Research & Engrg. Co.Inventors: Brent England Beasley, Randall Stephen Lachine
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Patent number: 6497813Abstract: A method of refining a petroleum product to remove aromatics and to separate paraffinic oils and waxes is provided. The method involves the utilization of phase equilibria wherein crystallized or solidified waxes, normally present in the petroleum product, are used to remove oils from a liquid solvent phase containing dissolved aromatics present in the unrefined petroleum product. The wax containing the oils is separated from the aromatic-containing solvent and is further processed to separate the waxes and oils. For petroleum products containing little, if any, wax, additional wax may be added and recycled back for further use in removing oils from the petroleum product. The method has particular application in preparing lubricating oils having a high viscosity index, where the presence of aromatics and wax can be detrimental.Type: GrantFiled: January 19, 2001Date of Patent: December 24, 2002Assignee: Process Dynamics, Inc.Inventors: Michael D. Ackerson, Michael Steven Byars
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Publication number: 20020096451Abstract: A method of refining a petroleum product to remove aromatics and to separate paraffinic oils and waxes is provided. The method involves the utilization of phase equilibria wherein crystallized or solidified waxes, normally present in the petroleum product, are used to remove oils from a liquid solvent phase containing dissolved aromatics present in the unrefined petroleum product. The wax containing the oils is separated from the aromatic-containing solvent and is further processed to separate the waxes and oils. For petroleum products containing little, if any, wax, additional wax may be added and recycled back for further use in removing oils from the petroleum product. The method has particular application in preparing lubricating oils having a high viscosity index, where the presence of aromatics and wax can be detrimental.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 19, 2001Publication date: July 25, 2002Inventors: Michael D. Ackerson, Michael Steven Byars
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Patent number: 6024862Abstract: A process for dewaxing including the steps of mixing a waxy feedstock near its pour point with an ambient or below ambient temperature solvent essentially free of a selected cosolvent, to form a solvent/feedstock mixture, essentially free of a selected cosolvent, and subsequently adding the cosolvent to the solvent/feedstock mixture to cause instantaneous precipitation of wax on addition of cosolvent with the amount of wax precipitation being controlled by the quantity and temperature of cosolvent added. The cosolvent is essentially completely miscible with the solvent, but immiscible with the oil and wax. For example, alcohols (methanol, ethanol, propanol), ketones (ketene, acetone), amines, etc. The process of the present invention provides the advantages of lower solvent ratios (higher solvent recovery), higher filtration temperatures, "environmentally compatible" solvents, rapid filtration rates, and debottlenecking of existing dewaxing plants.Type: GrantFiled: December 28, 1998Date of Patent: February 15, 2000Assignees: Advanced Refining Technologies, Inc., University of ArkansasInventors: Michael D. Ackerson, Seyed-Hamid Arabshahi, Robert E. Babcock
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Patent number: 5976353Abstract: A process for producing a high VI/low volatility lubricating oil basestock. The process comprises subjecting the raffinate from a solvent extraction step to a two step, single stage hydroconversion process wherein the first step involves severe hydroconversion of the raffinate followed by a cold hydrofinishing step.Type: GrantFiled: June 28, 1996Date of Patent: November 2, 1999Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering CoInventors: Ian A. Cody, Douglas R. Boate, Sandra J. Alward, William J. Murphy, John E. Gallagher, Gary L. Harting
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Patent number: 5935416Abstract: A process for producing a high VI/low volatility lubricating oil basestock. The process comprises subjecting the raffinate from a solvent extraction step to a two-step, single-stage hydroconversion process wherein the first step involves severe hydroconversion of the raffinate followed by a cold hydrofinishing step. The effluent from the cold hydrofinishing step is then catalytically dewaxed or in the alternative, solvent dewaxed followed by catalytic dewaxing.Type: GrantFiled: February 13, 1998Date of Patent: August 10, 1999Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering Co.Inventors: Ian A. Cody, Douglas R. Boate, William J. Murphy, Daniel P. Leta
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Patent number: 5853564Abstract: A process for dewaxing including the steps of mixing a waxy feedstock near its pour point with an ambient or below ambient temperature solvent essentially free of a selected cosolvent, to form a solvent/feedstock mixture, essentially free of a selected cosolvent, and subsequently adding the cosolvent to the solvent/feedstock mixture to cause instantaneous precipitation of wax on addition of cosolvent with the amount of wax precipitation being controlled by the quantity and temperature of cosolvent added. The cosolvent is essentially completely miscible with the solvent, but immiscible with the oil and wax. For example, alcohols (methanol, ethanol, propanol), ketones (ketene, acetone), amines, etc. The process of the present invention provides the advantages of lower solvent ratios (higher solvent recovery), higher filtration temperatures, "environmentally compatible" solvents, rapid filtration rates, and debottlenecking of existing dewaxing plants.Type: GrantFiled: April 14, 1997Date of Patent: December 29, 1998Assignees: University of Arkansas, Advanced Refining Technologies, Inc.Inventors: Michael D. Ackerson, Seyed-Hamid Arabshahi, Robert E. Babcock
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Patent number: 5647971Abstract: A method and apparatus for changing the solvent composition in a solvent recovery system of a dewaxing apparatus, depending on the type of stock oil, by introducing a part of dry solvent into a wet solvent tank to thereby increase or decrease a concentration of MEK in the wet solvent used as a primary solvent for initially mixing with the stock oil.Type: GrantFiled: August 23, 1994Date of Patent: July 15, 1997Assignee: Nippon Petroleum Refining Company LimitedInventors: Akira Kawamura, Susumu Suzuki, Masahumi Imamura
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Patent number: 5620588Abstract: A process for dewaxing including the steps of mixing a waxy feedstock near its pour point with an ambient or below ambient temperature solvent essentially free of a selected cosolvent, to form a solvent/feedstock mixture, essentially free of a selected cosolvent, and subsequently adding the cosolvent to the solvent/feedstock mixture to cause instantaneous precipitation of wax on addition of cosolvent with the amount of wax precipitation being controlled by the quantity and temperature of cosolvent added. The cosolvent is essentially completely miscible with the solvent, but immiscible with the oil and wax. For example, alcohols (methanol, ethanol, propanol), ketones (ketene, acetone), amines, etc. The process of the present invention provides the advantages of lower solvent ratios (higher solvent recovery), higher filtration temperatures, "environmentally compatible" solvents, rapid filtration rates, and debottlenecking of existing dewaxing plants.Type: GrantFiled: June 6, 1995Date of Patent: April 15, 1997Inventors: Michael D. Ackerson, Seyed-Hamid Arabshahi, Robert E. Babcock
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Patent number: 5611894Abstract: An apparatus for changing the solvent composition in a solvent recovery system of a dewaxing apparatus, depending on the type of stock oil, by introducing a part of dry solvent into a wet solvent tank to thereby increase or decrease a concentration of MEK in the wet solvent used as a primary solvent for initially mixing with the stock oil.Type: GrantFiled: June 7, 1995Date of Patent: March 18, 1997Assignee: Nippon Petroleum Refining Company LimitedInventors: Akira Kawamura, Susumu Suzuki, Masahumi Imamura
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Patent number: 5547562Abstract: The invention decloses a method for dewaxing a hydrocarbon oil which comprises adding an oil-soluble poly C.sub.18 -C.sub.22 alkylmethacrylate having a molecular weight of from about 10,000 to about 2,000,000 daltons to a hydrocarbon oil containing wax; cooling the oil to allow wax crystals to form, separating the wax crystals from the oil and recovering a dewaxed oil.Type: GrantFiled: May 25, 1995Date of Patent: August 20, 1996Assignee: Nalco/Exxon Energy Chemicals, L.P.Inventors: Rupinder S. Grewal, Michael E. Joyce, Randall F. Nord
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Patent number: 5474668Abstract: A process for dewaxing including the steps of mixing a waxy feedstock near its pour point with an ambient or below ambient temperature solvent essentially free of a selected cosolvent, to form a solvent/feedstock mixture, essentially free of a selected cosolvent, and subsequently adding the cosolvent to the solvent/feedstock mixture to cause instantaneous precipitation of wax on addition of cosolvent with the amount of wax precipitation being controlled by the quantity and temperature of cosolvent added. The cosolvent is essentially completely miscible with the solvent, but immiscible with the oil and wax. For example, alcohols (methanol, ethanol, propanol), ketones (ketene, acetone), amines, etc. The process of the present invention provides the advantages of lower solvent ratios (higher solvent recovery), higher filtration temperatures, "environmentally compatible" solvents, rapid filtration rates, and debottlenecking of existing dewaxing plants.Type: GrantFiled: July 25, 1994Date of Patent: December 12, 1995Assignees: University of Arkansas, Advanced Refining Technologies, Inc.Inventors: Michael D. Ackerson, Seyed-Hamid Arabshahi, Robert E. Babcock
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Patent number: 5221460Abstract: Hydrocarbon dewaxing using propane or other autorefrigerative dewaxing solvent can be practiced in a centrifuge wherein the centrifugal force generated in the centrifuge produces a pressure gradient permitting dewaxing to be practiced on a continuous basis.Type: GrantFiled: May 22, 1991Date of Patent: June 22, 1993Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering CompanyInventor: Abraham R. DeKraker
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Patent number: 5196116Abstract: There are disclosed processes for separating waxes of different melting points from a room temperature amorphous or liquid hydrocarbon mixture in an energy conservative manner by selectively causing precipitation of crystallized waxes. The processes involve the use of a selected co-solvent totally miscible with light and intermediate hydrocarbons from a group consisting of acetone, ketene, propanone, 2-propanone, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, N-propanol, acetic acid, formic acid, and propionic acid or combinations thereof as a precipitating agent. Hydrocarbon mixtures, especially those with elevated pour points are first diluted by solvents such as toluene and/or methylethyl ketone which must be free of any significant quantity of the aforesaid co-solvents. The diluted hydrocarbon mixture at above 50 degrees F.Type: GrantFiled: February 11, 1991Date of Patent: March 23, 1993Assignees: University of Arkansas, Diversified Petroleum Recovery, Inc.Inventors: Michael D. Ackerson, Seyed-Hamid Arabshahi, Robert E. Babcock
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Patent number: 5098550Abstract: A method for the solvent dewaxing of wax-containing petroleum products with at least one solvent suitable for dewaxing and a polymeric dewaxing aid comprising polyacrylates, by mixing the products to be dewaxed with the solvent and the polymeric dewaxing aid, chilling the mixture so obtained, and separating the precipitated wax, the dewaxing aid used being a mixture of(I) a polymer of esters of acrylic acid with C.sub.10 -C.sub.40 alkanols and(II) a polymer of esters of methacrylic acid with alkanols comprising more than 10 weight percent of branched alkanols,the weight ratio between components (I) and (II) ranging from 1:20 to 20:1.Type: GrantFiled: October 3, 1990Date of Patent: March 24, 1992Assignee: Rohm GmbHInventors: Michael Mueller, Horst Pennewiss
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Patent number: 4447311Abstract: A dewaxing process for reducing the pour point of waxy oils in which the oil is cooled by direct contact with a liquid autorefrigerant such as propane. The wax which separates upon cooling is removed by flotation assisted by the bubbles of vaporized autorefrigerant which rise through the oil to form a frothy slurry of wax which can be decanted and the wax recovered from it. A dewaxing solvent such as methyl ethyl ketone may be used to assist separation of the wax.Type: GrantFiled: July 22, 1982Date of Patent: May 8, 1984Assignee: Mobil Oil CorporationInventors: Patrick E. Fowles, Gerald L. Shoemaker, Tsoung-Yuan Yan
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Patent number: 4377467Abstract: An improved dewaxing aid for solvent dewaxing processes comprising a mixture of (a) lithium isostearate and (b) a polymer of an ester of at least one aliphatic alcohol with methacrylic acid or acrylic acid having an average molecular weight ranging from between about 300,000 to 2,000,000. The lithium isostearate, when combined with the acrylic polymer, synergistically improves the efficiency of wax separation. This has been found to be especially useful for dewaxing heavy petroleum oil fractions, such as bright stocks.Type: GrantFiled: January 30, 1981Date of Patent: March 22, 1983Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering Co.Inventor: Biddanda U. Achia
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Patent number: 4319962Abstract: A continuous autorefrigerant solvent dewaxing process is disclosed wherein a waxy oil is prediluted with a non-autorefrigerative solvent, such as ketone, preferably a mixture of MEK/MIBK, and then passed, at a temperature above its cloud point, to the top of a chilling zone, which is an autorefrigerant chilling zone operating on a continuous basis, and comprises a vertical, multi-staged tower, operating at constant pressure. In this chilling zone, wax is precipitated from the oil to form a waxy slurry and the so-formed slurry is further chilled down to the wax filtration temperature by stage-wise contact with liquid auto-refrigerating preferably propylene, which is injected into a plurality of said stages and evaporated therein so as to cool the waxy slurry at an average rate of between about 0.1.degree. to 20.degree. F. per minute with an average temperature drop across each stage of between about 2.degree. and 20.degree. F.Type: GrantFiled: November 5, 1979Date of Patent: March 16, 1982Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering Co.Inventor: Douglas R. Ryan
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Patent number: 4217203Abstract: A continuous autorefrigerant solvent dewaxing process is disclosed wherein a waxy oil is prediluted with a non-autorefrigerative solvent, such as ketone, preferably a mixture of MEK/MIBK, and then passed, at a temperature above its cloud point, to the top of a chilling zone, which is an autorefrigerant chilling zone operating on a continuous basis, and comprises a vertical, multi-staged tower, operating at constant pressure. In this chilling zone, wax is precipitated from the oil to form a waxy slurry and the so-formed slurry is further chilled down to the wax filtration temperature by stagewise contact with liquid autorefrigerant preferably propylene, which is injected into a plurality of said stages and evaporated therein so as to cool the waxy slurry at an average rate of between about 0.1.degree. to 20.degree. F. per minute with an average temperature drop across each stage of between about 2.degree. and 20.degree. F.Type: GrantFiled: December 28, 1978Date of Patent: August 12, 1980Assignee: Exxon Research & Engineering Co.Inventor: Douglas G. Ryan
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Patent number: 4216075Abstract: A continuous, combination ketone-autorefrigerant solvent dewaxing process is disclosed wherein a waxy oil is partially solvent dewaxed to within from about 30.degree. to 110.degree. F. of the final wax filtration temperature in a first chilling zone, preferably comprising a plurality of agitated stages in the presence of a ketone dewaxing solvent to form a slurry containing solid wax particles, partially dewaxed oil and solvent. This ketone-containing slurry is passed to a second chilling zone, which is an autorefrigerant chilling zone, preferably employing liquid propylene operates on a continuous basis, and comprises a vertical, multi-staged tower, operating at constant pressure, wherein additional wax is precipitated from the slurry. In the second chilling zone the slurry is chilled down to the wax filtration temperature by stagewise contact with liquid propylene which is injected into a plurality of said stages and evaporated therein so as to cool the waxy slurry at an average rate of between about 0.1.Type: GrantFiled: December 28, 1978Date of Patent: August 5, 1980Inventor: Douglas G. Ryan
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Patent number: 4129583Abstract: In a continuous process for separating crystallizable organic components from mixtures thereof in solution, a feedstock of such components is mixed with at least one solvent therefor and the resulting feedstock mixture is continuously fed into a vessel in which a baffle defines a partially confined first zone and a partially confined second zone communicating with the first zone. At least one low-boiling point high-vapor pressure refrigerant is injected into the feedstock mixture in the first zone and evaporates and adiabatically expands therein to effect rapid cooling of the mixture to a selected low temperature and thereby form a slurry of microcrystals of components which are crystallizable down to the selected temperature.Type: GrantFiled: January 24, 1978Date of Patent: December 12, 1978Inventor: Klaus Zondek
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Patent number: 4052294Abstract: Autorefrigerative and ketone solvents are separated and recovered from dewaxed oil and wax through the use of high and low pressure flashes followed by steam stripping. Water buildup in the recovered solvent is prevented by the use of a decanter and deketonizer wherein the overheads from the strippers are sent directly to the deketonizer and the overhead therefrom sent to the decanter, thereby substantially reducing the size of the deketonizer required. Water is removed from the recovered solvent in the deketonizer and may be sent to sewerage.Type: GrantFiled: October 31, 1975Date of Patent: October 4, 1977Assignee: Exxon Research and Engineering CompanyInventors: John H. Blume, James D. Bushnell