Abstract: A system and method for providing slow dialysate flow with an intermittent hemodialysis delivery (IHD) system are disclosed. The system includes a dialysate slow-flow fluid pump having an outlet for connection to an inlet port of a hemodialyzer and an inlet for connection to a dialysate bulk flow line in association with the IHD. The system further includes an outlet line for coupling an outlet port of the hemodialyzer back to the dialysate bulk flow line, wherein the dialysate slow-flow fluid pump is configured to control the rate of delivery of dialysate to the hemodialyzer.

Abstract: Parallel modules for in-line recharging of sorbent materials using alternate duty cycles for a sorbent cartridge. The sorbent cartridge can have two or more modules contained therein having connectors connecting each of the modules. One or more of the modules can be reusable and the sorbent materials therein can be recharged.

Abstract: Provided are a flowmeter that can measure a flow rate of a liquid with high accuracy and that is easy to carry and handle, and a dialysis machine and a medicinal solution injection device that employ the flowmeter. A flowmeter includes a tube connection member and a measurement instrument body. The tube connection member includes a tube-shaped body, a plurality of resonators that are arranged with gaps there between on an inner wall surface of the body, resonator-side antennas that are connected to the plurality of resonators and a heating element that is arranged between the pluralities of resonators. The measurement instrument body includes measurement-instrument-side antennas, temperature measurement units that are connected to the measurement-instrument-side antennas and measure a temperature, and a flow rate calculation unit that calculates a flow rate on the basis of the temperatures measured by the temperature measurement units.

Abstract: A method and system are for separating a suspension into solid and fluid components. The suspension is centrifuged about a substantially vertical axis of rotation to concentrate solid components in a first lower flow stream and fluid components in a first upper flow stream. The first upper flow stream may be centrifuged about a substantially vertical axis of rotation to concentrate solid components in a second lower flow stream and fluid components in a second upper flow stream. The first lower flow stream, the second lower flow stream, or both, may be centrifuged about a substantially horizontal axis of rotation to separate water from stackable dry tailings. The method and system may be applied to separation of tailings or other suspensions.

Abstract: A fluid filter apparatus comprising an upper housing shell; a lower housing shell; a pleat pack element comprising a peripheral frame and a folded pleated media. The frame is at least partially molded over the media to secure the media in the frame, and the media comprises two or more types of media of different densities from each other. A flow control element is disposed for changing the proportion of flow between the first media and the second media responsive to changes in at least one of temperature, pressure, flow rate and/or viscosity of the fluid.

Abstract: A method for controlling fluid flowing through a chromatographic system includes determining a fluidic parameter related to density at a first fluidic location in the chromatographic system; and in response to the determined fluidic parameter, modifying a volumetric flow rate or a pressure at a second fluidic location in the chromatographic system to produce a selected mass flow rate of the fluid.

Abstract: A sample separation apparatus (200) for separating a fluidic sample, the sample separation apparatus (200) comprising a first separation unit (204) for separating the fluidic sample, a first fluid drive (202) configured for conducting the fluidic sample to be separated through the first separation unit (204), a second separation unit (208), arranged downstream of the first separation unit (204), for further separating the fluidic sample after treatment by the first separation unit (204), a second fluid drive (206) configured for at least partially conducting the fluidic sample, after treatment by the first separation unit (204), through the second separation unit (208), and a fluidic valve (218) having fluidic interfaces (222, 224, 226, 228) fluidically coupled to the first fluid drive (202) and the second fluid drive (206) and being switchable for performing the separation of the fluidic sample, wherein the sample separation apparatus (200) is configured for adjusting a pressure at a predefined position to a

Abstract: In some embodiments, a wastewater treatment system may reduce contaminants in water. A system may include one or more bioreactors which include a substrate that supports a biofilm The bacteria used to form the biofilm may be selected to maximize the reduction of contaminants in water. Various components of the wastewater treatment system may be optimized to improve the efficiency and energy consumption of the wastewater system.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating water in a reservoir includes a funnel. A support assembly supports the funnel in a lengthwise upright orientation when the funnel is submerged. A water moving arrangement is arranged to move water through the funnel in a direction from an inlet at an upper end of the funnel towards an outlet at lower end of the funnel.

Abstract: A system and method of controlling the rate of pump out of liquid coolant from a sump tank in which the level of liquid coolant in the sump tank is continuously sensed and corresponding signals transmitted to a variable frequency drive controller which correspondingly varies the speed of a pump motor to continuously increase or decrease the pump out rate in correspondence with the level liquid in the sump tank.

Abstract: A fluid metering system for accurately and consistently mixing two or more fluids together. The fluid metering system generally includes a closed loop feedback system that monitors the flow rate of the water and the volume of liquid chemical added to the water over a period of time. Based on the measured amount of chemical added to the water over a period of time, the system calculates whether or not an adjustment is required for the next addition of chemical to the water. The present invention utilizes a measuring tube that is filled with a chemical wherein a pressure sensor measures the pressure of the chemical in the measuring tube when filled and after being emptied to calculate the total volume of chemical added to the water.

Abstract: Described are water-on-water valves for use in reverse osmosis filtration systems. The water-on-water valves are regulated by the pressure in a product line, which contains fluid from a product line of the filter module and/or the product side of a water-on-water storage tank. Exemplary valves are shuttle valves that are regulated by the pressure downstream of the product side of a reverse osmosis filter module. The valves may comprise a piston within a housing, and an end of the piston may have an enlarged diameter relative to the maximum diameter of the remainder of the piston. The body of the piston may have sections of differing diameters, where the smaller diameter sections form flow channels, or the body may a diameter that is substantially the same along its length in conjunction with gratings and flow channels.

Abstract: In an inside-out flow filter, a transition pressure recovery member is provided at the inlet and has structured contoured guide surfaces guiding fluid flow therealong into the hollow interior of an annular filter element to minimize transition pressure loss from the inlet to the hollow interior. The transition pressure recovery member includes transition flow deceleration surfaces gradually decelerating flow of fluid into the hollow interior and minimizing pressure drop.

Abstract: A particle processing device includes a fluid flow path, a multi-filtering portion and a fluid transferring portion. A fluid having particles flows through the fluid flow path. The multi-filtering portion is installed in the fluid flow path. The multi-filtering portion includes at least two membrane structures. The membrane structures have different shaped openings for passing the fluid therethrough respectively. The membrane structures are arranged alone or together in the fluid flow path. The fluid transferring portion transfers the fluid forwardly or backwardly through the fluid flow path such that the fluid passes through the multi-filtering portion.

Abstract: An apparatus for extracorporeal treatment of blood (1) comprising a filtration unit (2), a blood withdrawal line (6), a blood return line (7), an effluent fluid line (13), a pre and/or post-dilution fluid line (15, 25) connected to the blood withdrawal line, and a dialysis fluid line. Pumps (17, 18, 21, 22, 27) act on the fluid lines for regulating the flow of fluid. A control unit (10) is configured to periodically calculate a new value for the patient fluid removal rate to be imposed on an ultrafiltration actuator in order to keep a predefined patient fluid removal rate across a reference time interval irrespective of machine down times.

Abstract: A method of operating hydrocyclone comprising a separation chamber which in use is arranged to generate an internal air core for affecting a material separation process, comprises measuring both a vibrational parameter of the separation chamber and a stability parameter of the internal air core during operation of the hydrocyclone. The measurements are compared against predefined corresponding parameters which are indicative of a stable operation of the hydrocyclone and an operational parameter of the hydrocyclone is adjusted dependent on the comparison.

Abstract: An apparatus for extracorporeal treatment of fluid and a process of setting up a medical apparatus for the delivery or collection of fluids are disclosed. According to the apparatus and the process, a control unit (10) is configured calculate set values of two or more of the fluid flow rates based on a fluid flow rate set by the operator and on a prescribed dose value (Dset).

Abstract: An apparatus for extracorporeal treatment of fluid and a process of setting up a medical apparatus for the delivery or collection of fluids are disclosed. According to the apparatus and the process, a control unit (10) is configured calculate set values of two or more of the fluid flow rates by imposing that an emptying time of containers of fresh fluid (16, 20, 21, 26) and/or a filling time of a waste container is substantially same as, or multiple of the emptying time of one or more of the other containers of fresh fluid.

Abstract: A fluid (i.e., generally water or wastewater) treatment system and associated methods provide for effectively treating the fluid (i.e., generally water or wastewater containing at least a plurality of salts) to provide a separated pure fluid (i.e., generally water) and a separated impurity (i.e., generally a salt). Also provided are a method for detecting or determining the need for a controlled process intervention to prevent the plugging of system components in a fluid (i.e., generally water) treatment system, and a process for preventing the plugging of the system components in the fluid (i.e., generally water) treatment system.

Abstract: A novel biologically active water treatment system for removing contaminant from industrial effluent and method thereof is provided. A novel upflow bioreactor system having an expanded bed configuration and method for creating an expanded bed for release of gas without release of substantial precipitate is also provided. A novel downflow bioreactor system having an automated degas and backwash system is also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dialysis machine having improved flow balance. In particular, the invention monitors the pressure of blood entering and leaving a patient's body using several sensors (37, 39) and adapts the pressure of a dialysate solution feed to the dialysis machine to compensate for compliances in the fluid flow path. As a consequence, better flow balance is maintained throughout dialysis treatment leading to a more uniform removal of waste materials form the blood.

Abstract: A method includes passing a mobile phase fluid flow comprising liquefied CO2 through a separation column; then introducing a makeup fluid flow into the mobile phase fluid flow to form a mixed fluid flow; and then splitting the mixed fluid flow.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system (100) for monitoring an environmental condition in a storm drain (102, 104), the system comprising: A storm drain (102, 104), containing a filter device (134) comprising a filter unit (130) and a floating carrier (132) for carrying the filter unit (130). At least one sensor (106, 108, 110, 112, 114) arranged in the storm drain (102, 104), for determining an environmental condition in the storm drain (102, 104). Wherein the at least one sensor (106, 108, 110, 112, 114) being arranged in communication with a sub node (116, 118) for transmitting data regarding the determined environmental condition in the storm drain (102, 104) to the sub node (116, 118). Wherein the sub node (116, 118) being arranged in communication with a main node (120) for transmitting data regarding the determined environmental condition in the storm drain (102, 104) to the main node (120).

Abstract: A mobile liquid treatment station and operation methods are disclosed, the station having a mobile treatment unit and separate mobile treatment management unit. A plurality of serial containment compartments at the treatment unit for performance of chemical dosing and solids separation are provided and are monitored with sensors. The management unit includes a plurality of chemical dosing platforms, and a power and processing assembly. A bus links the units for data and control signal transfer and chemical feed lines are connected between the units for transfer of dosing chemicals.

Abstract: A filter system including a vacuum source for generating a vacuum flow and a container. The container includes an inflow port for receiving contaminated liquids and solids, a filter assembly for filtering contaminated solids from the contaminated liquids and an outflow port for delivering filtered liquids from the container. The vacuum flow proceeds through the container so that the filtered liquids are drawn through the filter assembly towards the outflow port. The contaminated solids receive vacuum pressure continuously to complete the filter process above the top filter.

Abstract: A device for sea water desalination and power generation, including: a tidal current turbine, a coupling, a revolving shaft, a booster pump, and a body. The body includes a chamber, a divider, and an end cover. The divider and the end cover are in fixed connection to the body, and the divider divides the chamber into a closed pumping chamber and a closed desalination and power generation chamber. The booster pump is disposed in the pumping chamber and is driven by the revolving shaft. The tidal current turbine is connected to the revolving shaft via the coupling. The desalination and power generation chamber includes a seawater pretreatment device, a seawater desalinating unit including an unsteady reverse osmosis membrane, a flow battery, and a controller. The booster pump is connected to the seawater pretreatment device via an inlet tube, and is connected to the seawater desalinating unit via an outlet tube.

Abstract: A floatable-material harvester is disclosed, including a vacuum source, transport hose, and a floatable-material receiver. In one embodiment, the transport hose has at least one air inductor/intake along its length, which allows air to enter the transport hose to accelerate its contents, by negative pressure air induction. In another embodiment, a transport hose has at least one floatable-material thruster along its length, comprised of at least one nozzle, which provides pressurized fluid (e.g., air or water) in the direction of the flow of the harvested floatable material by positive pressure induction. A method is disclosed whereby the floatable material harvester is used to harvest an absorbent material (e.g., wood chips, straw, perlite, zeolite, polypropylene mesh, titanate nanofibres) that has absorbed a pollutant (e.g., oil, solvent, radioactive isotopes) from a beach or in water.

Abstract: A head for a water filter system having a filter element including a three-way valve member movable between a first position, a second position, and a third position. When the valve member is in the first position, incoming water is directed to the filter element to remove sediment and impurities from the water. When the valve member is in the second position, the incoming water is blocked from passing through the filter element and the valve member. Lastly, when the valve member is in the third position, the incoming water passes through the valve member and not the filter element so that the filter element can be removed and replaced without interrupting the incoming water flow.

Abstract: A water purification apparatus comprising at least: (a) one or more water purification components to provide a purified water stream, preferably having a conductivity of less than 1 ?S/cm; and (b) a stepper motor (35) to control the dispense of the purified water stream (28) from the water purification apparatus. Stepper motors can provide very fine and accurate control of the dispense of the purified water stream from the water purification apparatus, which control is unaffected by the flow or flow rate of the purified water stream.

Abstract: A liquid chromatography system includes a pumping system with a selector valve in fluidic communication with a pump inlet. The selector valve switches between a first position, in which the selector valve fluidically couples a solvent reservoir to the pump inlet, and a second position, in which the selector valve fluidically couples a pressurized source of liquefied carbon dioxide (for example) to the pump inlet. The liquid chromatography system can perform as a HPLC system (or as an UPLC system) when the selector valve is in the first position and as a CO2-based chromatography system when the selector valve is in the second position. The selector valve can have a third position in which both the fluidic pathway between the solvent reservoir and the pump inlet and the fluidic pathway between the pressurized source and the pump inlet are blocked. This shut-off position advantageously facilitates system maintenance.

Abstract: Dialysis systems comprising actuators that cooperate to perform dialysis functions and sensors that cooperate to monitor dialysis functions are disclosed. According to one aspect, such a hemodialysis system comprises a user interface model layer, a therapy layer, below the user interface model layer, and a machine layer below the therapy layer. The user interface model layer is configured to manage the state of a graphical user interface and receive inputs from a graphical user interface. The therapy layer is configured to run state machines that generate therapy commands based at least in part on the inputs from the graphical user interface. The machine layer is configured to provide commands for the actuators based on the therapy commands.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to hemodialysis and similar dialysis systems, including a variety of systems and methods that would make hemodialysis more efficient, easier, and/or more affordable. One aspect of the invention is generally directed to new fluid circuits for fluid flow. According to one aspect, a blood pump is configured to pump blood to a dialyzer of a hemodialysis apparatus, the blood pump comprising a pneumatically actuated or controlled reciprocating diaphragm pump. In an embodiment, the diaphragm of the pump comprises a flexible membrane formed or molded to generally conform to a curved inner wall of a pumping chamber or control chamber of the pump, wherein the diaphragm is pre-formed or molded to have a control side taking a convex shape, so that any elastic tension on the diaphragm is minimized when fully extended into a control chamber of the pump.

Abstract: A system to reuse water from a septic/bio digester is shown. A sterile potable water stream is produced which is useful for humans, animals and fish farming.

Abstract: An immersion lithographic apparatus typically includes a fluid handling system. The fluid handling system generally has a two-phase fluid extraction system configured to remove a mixture of gas and liquid from a given location. Because the extraction fluid comprises two phases, the pressure in the extraction system can vary. This pressure variation can be passed through the immersion liquid and cause inaccuracy in the exposure. To reduce the pressure fluctuation in the extraction system, a buffer chamber may be used. This buffer chamber may be connected to the fluid extraction system in order to provide a volume of gas which reduces pressure fluctuation. Alternatively or additionally, a flexible wall may be provided somewhere in the fluid extraction system. The flexible wall may change shape in response to a pressure change in the fluid extraction system. By changing shape, the flexible wall can help to reduce, or eliminate, the pressure fluctuation.

Abstract: A dialysis system includes a filtration system capable of filtering a water stream, a water purification system capable of purifying said water stream in a non-batch process, a mixing system capable of producing a stream of dialysate from mixing one or more dialysate components with the water stream in a non-batch process, and a dialyzer system. The dialyzer may be a microfluidic dialyzer capable of being fluidly coupled to the stream of dialysate and a blood stream.

Abstract: Various “no filter, no run” fuel filtration designs are described that include a variable restriction orifice (VRO) designed to vary the amount of fluid, for example fuel, that reaches a fluid outlet. The VRO has a fully open position at which a maximum non-zero fluid flow is permitted, and a fully closed position at which a limited amount of fluid can flow to the outlet. In the case of diesel fuel, the amount of fuel flow permitted at the fully closed position provides lubrication of downstream fuel system components, for example the fuel pump, but is insufficient to permit engine operation.

Abstract: Blood treatment systems and methods are provided for combining a blood separation system and an adsorption device. The blood separation system is configured to separate a blood component from blood, while the adsorption device is configured to receive at least a portion of the separated blood component and process it. The blood separation system includes a fluid flow element and a controller. The fluid flow element is configured for flowing the separated blood component into the adsorption device. The controller controls the fluid flow element based at least in part on one or more processing parameters. The processing parameters include a maximum flow rate of the separated blood component flowed into the adsorption device, a maximum pressure of the separated blood component flowed into the adsorption device, and/or the volume of fluid in a location of the system.

Abstract: A drain grate system can be installed in a curbside or storm drain to block the passage of debris while allowing liquid to flow into the drain. The drain grate system can open in response to a high flow rate to allow liquid and debris to flow into the drain. A locking mechanism can maintain the drain grate system in a closed and locked position and can unlock in response to a predetermined amount of force of a fluid flow.

Abstract: A batch reactor includes a first portion, a second portion, a first drainage tank, a second drainage tank, and a first flow control mechanism. The first portion includes a first chamber, a second chamber, and a third chamber in fluid communication with one another configured for a flow of at least one biomaterial therethrough. The second portion includes a first chamber and a second chamber in fluid communication with one another configured for a flow of the least one biomaterial therethrough. The first drainage chamber is in fluid communication with the first and second chambers. The second drainage chamber is in fluid communication with the third chamber of the first portion and the second chamber of the second portion. The first flow control mechanism is disposed between the third chamber of the first portion and the first chamber of the second portion.

Abstract: A sewer cleaning vehicle is disclosed. In one aspect, the sewer cleaning vehicle has a refuse storage tank having a first end with an opening. The sewer cleaning vehicle may also have a recycled water storage tank and a packaged liquid reclamation system for cleaning and transferring water from the refuse tank to the recycled water storage tank. In one embodiment, a hinged cover having a first side and a second side is pivotally mounted to the storage tank. The hinged cover can be movable between a first position in which the hinged cover covers the storage tank opening and a second position in which the storage tank opening is uncovered by the hinged cover. A transfer pump and a separator are supported by the hinged cover and are in fluid communication with the refuse tank through a port in the hinged cover.

Abstract: A method of separating a feed mixture in a simulated moving bed includes flowing fluid in a first flow configuration comprising: supplying the feed mixture downstream of a valve in a shut off position that stops fluid flow to a first column, removing a raffinate stream component, and supplying a remaining fluid flow to a second column; supplying a desorbent to a third column and removing an extract stream downstream; and passing a remaining liquid flow through a fourth column, and removing an intermediate stream. The method includes flowing fluid in a second flow configuration in which the valve is in a position that permits fluid flow to the first column, and supplying a desorbent and removing an extract stream downstream from the column to which the desorbent is supplied; and removing a raffinate stream.

Abstract: The arrangement for connection of a medical device, particularly a dialysis device, to a permeate line for the supply of permeate into the device is characterized by an adapter comprising a first supply line section with a terminal coupling member for connection to the water line, a pressure sensor and two successively arranged shut-off valves, and two second supply line sections that branch off from the first supply line member by means of a branching member. Both second supply line sections are connected to two different lines of the device in such a manner that disinfection fluid flows through both second supply line sections in a disinfection process of the device.

Abstract: A dialysis machine includes a dialyzer (1), a dialysate feed system (5) having a feed line (52), and a discharge system (6) having a discharge line (62). The machine further includes ultrafiltration control elements (UF) and back-filtration control elements (RF). The feed line is provided with a constriction (520) and with elements for measuring the pressure difference (523, 524) across the terminals of the constriction. The feed system further includes a ventricle bag (50), and pressurizer elements (70) for putting the ventricle bag (50) under pressure. The machine further includes an open/close system (C5, C5?) for opening/closing the discharge line (62) and the back-filtration control elements cause the discharge line (62) to close, and control the pressure applied to the ventricle bag (50), as a function of the pressure difference measured across the terminals of the constriction (520), so as to obtain a given flow rate of dialysate.

Abstract: A flow through filter assembly includes a trivalent and tetravalent metal ion capturing agent and a flow controller providing a predetermined flow rate which allows capture of the trivalent and tetravalent metal ions by the capturing agent.

Abstract: A dialysis system includes a filtration system capable of filtering a water stream, a water purification system capable of purifying said water stream in a non-batch process, a mixing system capable of producing a stream of dialysate from mixing one or more dialysate components with the water stream in a non-batch process, and a dialyzer system. The dialyzer may be a microfluidic dialyzer capable of being fluidly coupled to the stream of dialysate and a blood stream.

Abstract: Systems and methods for using a sodium chloride source and a buffer source such as sodium bicarbonate in a controlled compliant flow path to generate from water a physiologically compatible fluid having a suitable level of a sodium ion and/or a buffer for use in hemodialysis, hemodiafiltration and hemofiltration. The system has a conditioning flow path that has at least a salination valve or salination pump, and at least one container has at least one solute in excess of the solubility of that solute. At least one of the solutes is a buffer source or sodium chloride. The conditioning flow path is in fluid communication with a controlled compliant flow path. The conditioning flow path can selectively meter fluid into and out of the controlled compliant flow path.

Abstract: This disclosure includes a device for producing sodium hypochlorite or hypochlorous acid for water treatment, the device including: a cylinder for storing salt in solid form, adapted for being fed directly via a pressurized water pipe, and including one or more tubes that form one or more electrolytic chambers; one or more electrolytic cells received in the electrolytic chambers; the tubes of the cylinders being perforated to allow the contacting of the electrolytic cells with the salt-saturated water while preventing the electrolytic cells from being short-circuited by the solid salt. This produces sodium hypochlorite or hypochlorous acid from salt-saturated water in a cylinder, connected directly to the pipe of the water to be treated without the latter being loaded with salt.

Abstract: The invention concerns a filter element (1), in particular of a fuel filter for motor vehicles. The filter element (1) is received in a filter housing (2) and comprises a filter body (3) with a filter material (5) that is arranged in folds (4). Between two folds (4) a heater installation space is provided and configured to receive a heating element (6) for the fuel.

Abstract: A method and a device are disclosed for regulating an ultrafiltration in a dialysis treatment, in which the blood to be ultrafiltered in an extracorporeal blood circulation (109) flows through a blood chamber (110) of a dialyzer (113), which is subdivided by a semipermeable membrane (111) into a blood chamber (110) and a dialysis fluid chamber (108), and dialysis fluid in a dialysis fluid circulation (109) flows through the dialysis fluid chamber (108) of the dialyzer (113),.

Abstract: A portable dialysis device that can be continuously worn in and/or on the body of a patient, with a blood chamber in which the patient's blood can be received, a hydraulic chamber which can be filled with a hydraulic fluid and which adjoins the blood chamber, an at least partially flexible delivery membrane which is arranged between the hydraulic chamber and the blood chamber and which, when the hydraulic chamber is filled with hydraulic fluid, is movable in the direction of the blood chamber in such a way as to cause a compression of the blood chamber and therefore an ejection of the blood located therein, a pump for controllable filling and/or emptying of the hydraulic fluid in the hydraulic chamber, such that blood can in this way be conveyed into the blood chamber and/or out of the latter, a filter membrane which is arranged between the blood chamber and the hydraulic chamber and through which waste substances in the blood can be removed to the hydraulic fluid located in the hydraulic chamber, such that t