Abstract: A magnetic separation filtering and cleaning apparatus for adding flocculant and magnetic powder to raw water containing pollutant particles to form magnetic floc in treated fluid and separating and removing the magnetic floc from the treated fluid, comprising: a magnetic field generation device being provided in a rotating body for suctioning the magnetic floc on a surface of the rotating body from the treated fluid containing the magnetic floc, a magnetic field rotating device for rotating the magnetic field generation device, a sludge recovery device for separating sludge including the magnetic floc mechanically from the surface of the rotating body of the magnetic field generation device; and a filtering device having a rotating net for filtering out the magnetic floc from the treated fluid including the magnetic floc and flowing down the treated fluid filtered through the rotating net.

Abstract: The overflow and underflow effluents of a conventional hydrocyclone are discharged into enclosed vessels, so that the operating pressure may be manipulated for each effluent independently of other operating parameters. Each of the effluent vessels is equipped with a source of pressurized gas to form a gas blanket over the effluent at a controllable pressure. Such variable pressures in each vessel, in combination with the pressure of the incoming feed stream, provide the necessary parameters to implement pressure-differential-ratio control, thereby improving the efficiency of separation.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are water purification and supply systems for medical devices and methods of using. In an embodiment, the system includes A dialysis system includes a filtration system capable of filtering a water stream, a water purification system capable of purifying said water stream in a non-batch process, a mixing system capable of producing a stream of dialysate from mixing one or more dialysate components with the water stream in a non-batch process, and a dialyzer system. The dialyzer may be a microfluidic dialyzer capable of being fluidly coupled to the stream of dialysate and a blood stream.

Abstract: A fuel filter is provided with a communicating portion between the inside and outside of a bag in a bag-shaped filter medium which is used by communicating an internal space with a fuel flow passage. Also, an interval between inner walls, which constitute the communicating portion and are located at opposite positions, has a size so as to usually allow the fuel to stagnate in the communicating portion by a surface tension, and when the bag-shaped filter medium is clogged with the fuel which has been lowered in fluidity by a temperature change, the interval between the inner walls has a size so as to allow the fuel which has been lowered in fluidity to flow into the bag-shaped filter medium.

Abstract: Water is removed from oily water produced during operation of a separation column by withdrawing the oily water from the column during separation into an external separator where the oily water is separated into a water phase and an oily phase. The oily phase is then heated to a temperature effective to produce a density differential that drives the oily phase back into the operating column.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a dialysis machine, in particular a peritoneal dialysis machine, to which a fluid system having a multi-chamber container with at least two chambers with individual solutions separated by a partition arrangement to be opened mechanically can be coupled having a controller and at least one sensor for the determination of a measured variable in the fluid system, wherein the controller has an apparatus for the automatic checking of the proper opening of the partition arrangement of the multi-chamber container which automatically checks the proper opening of the partition arrangement of a multi-chamber container of a fluid system coupled to the dialysis machine with reference to the measured variable determined by the sensor.

Abstract: A suction filter has a filter member including multiple filter layers stacked in a thickness direction. The suction filter removes extraneous matters contained in fuel when the fuel passes through the filter member in the thickness direction. The filter member has gaps among the filter layers adjacent to each other in the thickness direction. An opening area variable section is formed in at least one of the filter layers. The opening area variable section enlarges and opens when the filter layer bends. The opening area variable section enlarges and opens to form a through hole penetrating through the filter layer if the filter layer bends to a downstream filter layer side due to flow pressure caused when the fuel flows.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for introducing gas bubbles 30 (usually air bubbles) into a liquid stream 14 to coalesce material such as unwanted bits, or particles, of hydrocarbons that lie in the liquid stream along with wanted dissolved bits of metal, for removal of the hydrocarbons. The apparatus is constructed to produce a large number of bubbles of an optimum range such as 60 to 100 ?m which best coalesce the hydrocarbons. A controller (110) receives the outputs of sensors such as pressure and flow rate sensors (P, F) and uses them to make changes in other parameters such as the pressure of air introduced (at 116) into the liquid stream and the pressure in a third conduit 46 of the liquid-bubble stream.

Abstract: A water treatment apparatus having a vessel defining a chamber adapted to contain a water treatment chemical over which a dosing liquid can flow from an inlet to form a dosing reservoir at the bottom of the vessel. A supply of dosing liquid is connected to the inlet. The interior of the vessel communicates with a conduit along which an entraining pressurized flow of water can be fed for treatment and via an opening in the conduit that is connected to a bottom outlet of the vessel. A venturi is located in the conduit adjacent the opening so that the velocity of the pressurized water is increased as it passes over the opening and entrains a dosing stream from the dosing reservoir into the pressurized flow. The venturi also applies suction to the interior of the vessel, which draws dosing liquid into the vessel from the supply.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating a liquid containing impurities may comprise: a filtering chamber for receiving liquid containing impurities, the filtering chamber containing granular media and configured to permit the granular media to interact with the liquid containing impurities, thereby removing impurities from the liquid to produce filtrate; a filtrate section in communication with the filtering chamber for receiving the filtrate, the filtrate section being in communication with a first outlet for outflow of the filtrate; a gas supplying system for delivering gas to the granular media in the filtering chamber for transport of a portion of the granular media to a granular media washer; and a reject section in communication with the granular media washer for receiving a reject mixture comprising liquid and impurities from the granular media washer. The reject section may be in communication with a second outlet for outflow of a portion of the reject mixture.

Abstract: An object is to provide a fresh water generating method that is capable of efficiently producing purified water, such as fresh water, from unpurified water, such as sea water. Provided is a fresh water generating method for generating fresh water by way of reverse osmosis membrane filtration, which includes mixing sea water with low salt concentration water having a salt concentration lower than sea water to produce mixed water, and subjecting the mixed water prepared by the mixing to reverse osmosis membrane filtration, thereby generating fresh water.

Abstract: The invention relates to a grey water utilisation system comprising a grey water container, a clear water container, a membrane filter and an air pump as well as at least one first air line from the air pump to the membrane filter, said membrane filter including a filter housing which includes a grey water side and a clear water side, and wherein a connection line is arranged between the clear water side of the filter housing and the clear water container for transporting clear water from the filter housing into the clear water container, wherein a valve arrangement controllable by a control is provided between the air pump, the first air line and a second air line, which valve arrangement connects in a first position the pressure side of the air pump with the first air line and connects in a second switching position the pressure side of the air pump with the second air line, so that in the second position a pressure can be generated on the clear water side of the filter housing.

Abstract: Device for removing clarified liquid effluent from process and wastewater equipment vessels. The device includes a horizontal square pipe with a perpendicular adjustable height riser. The device is to be used singularly or in a multiple unit parallel arrangement with process or wastewater equipment as a means of optimizing the fluid level within the vessel while evacuating clarified fluid without attendant particulate within the fluid solution being carried out or fouling the device from said particles.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system for treating waste water. The system may be applied to any application for the treatment of waste water which benefits from an equalized flow into the waste water treatment processes, such as industrial batch discharges, storm water settling and screening, and septic receiving at a waste water treatment plant. The system comprises a single primary settling tank for the processes of grit removal, flow equalization, fine screening and primary clarification. The system further comprises the use of a flow measurement device on the discharge side of the primary settling tank to provide a uniform flow to downstream processes. The system further comprises placement of a fine screen on a discharge mechanism which controls the effluent flow from the primary settling tank.

Abstract: Exemplary systems and methods relating to washboxes are described.

Abstract: A mineral water producing method includes the steps of inputting basic data to obtain data about human mineral intake and data about average mineral intake from food; selecting a water supply area to obtain data about mineral intake from daily water intake; selecting an eating habit and a physical/mental condition; inputting personal body weight and calculating mineral intake; setting a daily water intake and calculating a daily mineral supplement; and outputting mineral water. A mineral water producing apparatus includes a water inlet and a water outlet; a first filter being connected at a first end to the water inlet and at a second end to the water outlet; at least one mineral substance container being located between and connected to the second end of the filter and the water outlet; and a controller for controlling the mineral substance container to supply a mineral substance.

Abstract: A method for detecting blood flow degradation in a dialysis system. The method includes measuring a flow rate of blood in a blood line, calculating a current impedance value based on the measured flow rate, and comparing the current impedance value to a baseline impedance value.

Abstract: A filter unit for a shower system includes a filtering housing and a filter core. The filtering housing includes a main body having a water inlet and a plurality of water outlets, wherein the water inlet is arranged to connect with the water supply tube so as to allow water to flow into the filtering housing through the water inlet, wherein one of the water outlets is connected with the second end of an extension tube of a shower head. The filter core is received in the filtering housing, and is capable of filtering unwanted substances in the water flowing from the water supply tube, wherein the filtered water is guided to flow out of the filtering housing through one of the corresponding water outlet to the extension tube and the shower head.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for performing hemodialysis that include fluid handling systems that provide accurate control over the type and level of hemodialysis being performed. The system includes a first pump for pumping dialysate into a dialyzer and a second pump for pumping dialysate out of the dialyzer. The system also includes a third pump that provides improved control of a level of ultrafiltration, hemodiafiltration, or both.

Abstract: A pure water producing apparatus prevents fluctuations in the amount of produced pure water without requiring a heat exchanger. Raw water is filtered with an activated carbon filtration device, sent through a water supply pump to the reverse osmosis device, and demineralized. Demineralized water output from the reverse osmosis device contacts a water quality sensor including a water temperature sensor, is sent to an electrodeionization device, and subjected to electrodeionization. Water subjected to electrodeionization contacts a water quality sensor having a water temperature sensor, and is taken out as treated water. A sensing signal output from the water temperature sensor is input to a pump control circuit to control an amount of the water supplied from the pump so that an amount of water passing through the reverse osmosis device is maintained constant.

Abstract: A retention basin enclosure includes a plurality of prefabricated concrete vertical wall segments, a baffle unit and at least one steel connecting dowel. Each wall segment includes a horizontal top end that defines a notch and two vertical edges that define at least one cylindrical bore. The baffle segment includes a vertical edge surface that defines a plurality of cylindrical bores and a horizontal planar member from which a plurality of protrusions extend upwardly therefrom so that the baffle segment reduces water flow velocity. Two baffle vertical wall members each have a planar vertical surface that defines a plurality of cylindrical bores disposed so that at least one of the cylindrical bores defined by concrete baffle segment can be placed in alignment with at least one of the cylindrical bores defined by the planar vertical surface.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and a system for purifying water whereby: the water to be purified is pressurized (13); a pressurized flow of said water is directed onto at least one selective permeability membrane to divide (11) the flow of pressurized water into a permeate flow and a retentate flow; the permeate flow is electrodeionized (12) to produce a flow of purified water consisting of the electrodeionized permeate flow; the flowrate of the retentate flow (19) is reduced; a substantially constant predetermined pressure (21) is maintained on the selective permeability membrane(s); and a substantially constant predetermined permeate flowrate is maintained. It also relates to a tangential filtration module suitable for the above kind of system.

Abstract: A de-aeration system for a fuel system, the fuel system having a housing for containing a fuel filter element, a fuel inlet and a fuel outlet is disclosed. The de-aeration system includes a de-aeration valve having a valve inlet in a lower face of the valve for connection to the housing for purging the air trapped in the housing. The de-aeration valve also includes a valve outlet in an upper face of the valve and a ball. The ball is configured to lift between the lower face and the upper face in response to an air pressure differential acting on the ball. This opens the valve to purge air trapped in the housing. The ball is further configured to close the valve by sealing against the valve outlet in the upper face in response to a pressure differential across the ball created by unfiltered fuel entering the valve.

Abstract: An apparatus of produced water treatment, to be adopted in an in-situ recovery method of producing bitumen from oil sand, the apparatus capable of removing the oil from produced water, the produced water of being left by separating the bitumen from bitumen-mixed fluid having been recovered from the oil sand, the apparatus having: a vessel for receiving the produced water; a submerge type filtration membrane module, installed in the vessel, for filtering the produced water in the condition of the membrane being submerged in the produced water; and a bubble generator for generating bubbles to be forwarded toward the submerged filtration membrane in the produced water.

Abstract: An optimized system for conserving energy used in the process of reverse osmosis which creates, controls and measures a virtual septum within an energy recovery work exchanger, multiple-orifice distribution plates, vessels of varying sizes and tanks placed at optimum elevations.

Abstract: A liquid removal apparatus adapted to separate liquid from a composite slurry of liquid and solids. The apparatus includes a movable, permeable membrane having opposing first and second sides. A ‘loaded belt portion’ of the second side is configured to receive the slurry. A permeable membrane support system is configured to provide movable support for the loaded belt portion and includes a transport deck located in contact with the first side of the permeable membrane below the loaded belt portion. The liquid removal apparatus has a housing with a low-pressure chamber in sealing contact with the first side of the permeable membrane. A pressure conditioning system applies a differential pressure via the housing to generate a lower pressure on the first filter belt side than on the second side. The transport deck is located within the low pressure chamber.

Abstract: A dental waste containment and removal system and method for containing and removing dental waste produced at a dental services facility involves transferring dental waste containing a contaminant such as mercury from a patient's mouth into a dental waste container under a vacuum pressure such that the dental waste is temporarily retained within the dental waste container. The dental waste may then be removed from the dental waste container from a remote location, such as from the exterior of the dental facility, by pumping or suctioning the dental waste, and transported to a treatment facility.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, there is provided an increased efficiency strainer system which is particularly suited for use in the emergency core cooling system of a nuclear power plant. In certain embodiments of the present invention, the strainer system includes one or more strainer cassettes or cartridges, with each such cassette or cartridge including a plurality of strainer pockets disposed in side-by-side relation to each other. In these embodiments, multiple cassettes or cartridges may be assembled together to form a strainer module of the strainer system. The strainer pockets of the cartridge each define an inflow end. Within the cartridge, or the module including multiple cartridges, the inflow ends of one or more of the strainer pockets may be enclosed by an elastic metal membrane. When in a closed position, the membrane prevents liquid flow into the corresponding strainer pocket via the inflow end thereof.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a strainer system comprising a plurality of strainer modules, each of which comprises multiple cassettes or cartridges assembled together in a prescribed arrangement. In the strainer system constructed in accordance with the present invention, the “clean” sides of the strainer modules are fluidly connected to each other by a plenum duct which also has a suction pump fluidly coupled thereto. Integrated into the plenum duct is a pressure released membrane (PRM) which is positioned so as to effectively isolate one of the strainer modules from the remaining active strainer modules included in the strainer system. The pressure released membrane is uniquely configured so as to facilitate the activation of the isolated strainer module when pressure across the plenum duct increases beyond a prescribed threshold.

Abstract: Suspended solids are removed from a circulation line extending between an oil storage tank and a water reservoir. A filter is positioned between the storage tank and a circulation tank for collecting suspended solids carried by a circulated water stream from the storage tank. A pressure sensor and a transducer is mounted in a control unit positioned upstream from the pump and downstream of the filter to detect and out-of-range pressure condition and send a signal to the pump power supply for de-activating the pump. An alarm signal is generated alerting an operator of the low oil level in the storage tank or clogged filter.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a power recovery apparatus used in a desalination apparatus including a reverse osmosis membrane which extracts fresh water from seawater and ejects concentrated water includes a pressure conversion section and a seawater supply section to collect energy of the concentrated water. The pressure conversion section includes a movable part dividing inside of the conversion section into first and second spaces, moves the movable part by causing the first space to receive the concentrated water, and pushes out seawater filled in the second space by the movable part to output the seawater. The pressure conversion section further includes a drive mechanism which drives the movable part so as to output the seawater from the second space. The seawater supply section merges the seawater from the pressure conversion section with the seawater supplied to the reverse osmosis membrane.

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a sprayer for distributing at least one fluid in a vessel. The sprayer can include a first member having a first surface and a second surface forming at least one aperture there-through. Generally, the at least one aperture is skewed with respect to a substantially vertical axis passing through a center of the first member for distributing the at least one fluid in the vessel.

Abstract: A debris catcher uses induced circulation from a venturi to urge debris laden flow into the lower end of a housing. An inlet tube maintains velocity so as to keep the debris moving with the fluid stream as it goes up the inlet tube. A screen fits over the open end of the inlet tube and runs down around the inlet tube toward the entrance of the debris laden fluid into the lower end of the housing. There is a clearance around the cylindrical portion of the screen so some flow can exit that way. There is also an open exit through the top of the screen that can be reached after the fluid stream makes two hairpin turns. Many modules can be stacked. Each module has a large screen area for flow to exit and progressive modules can have smaller screen openings in an uphole flow direction.

Abstract: Exemplary systems and methods relating to washboxes are described.

Abstract: According to the present invention there is provided a method and apparatus for treating a contaminated liquid, the method comprising feeding said liquid to a treatment tank containing a treatment medium in the form of a filtration membrane or a reactive surface, applying a siphon to said treatment tank to draw said liquid through said treatment medium, and discharging the resultant treated liquid from the treatment tank, wherein said siphon is actuated upon said treatment tank reaching a predetermined head pressure or level. The invention also provides a treated liquid when so treated by the inventive method or apparatus.

Abstract: The present invention provides a liquid delivery device for liquid chromatographs which, by performing liquid delivery at an accurate flow rate with limited pulsation, gives accurate results of analyses. The present invention, with a view to preventing erroneous operation due to errors in measurements at the time of judgment of completion of compression of liquid, establishes the judgment point before the pressure measured by a cylinder pressure detector agrees with the pressure measured by a discharge pressure detector and also calculates the point of completion of compression. Control in this manner prevents pressure fluctuation. It also calculates for control the point of completion of compression from the history of compression performed previously.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods for anaerobic digestion of high-solids waste and the removal of hydrogen sulfide from a biogas are provided. The methods may include and the apparatuses may be used for moving the solid waste in a corkscrew-like fashion through a closed container. The method may further include moving the high-solids waste into contact with a heating device to facilitate the corkscrew-like movement. Other methods and apparatuses may use at least one of a partition and a conduit from which liquid or gas is discharged. The invention also relates to methods and apparatuses for reducing the amount of H2S in a biogas produced from an anaerobic digester.

Abstract: An object is to provide a sea water desalinating method that is capable of efficiently producing purified water, such as fresh water, from unpurified water, such as sea water. Provided is a fresh water generating method for generating fresh water by way of reverse osmosis membrane filtration, which includes mixing sea water with low salt concentration water having a salt concentration lower than sea water to produce mixed water, and subjecting the mixed water prepared by the mixing to reverse osmosis membrane filtration, thereby generating fresh water.

Abstract: A batch reverse osmosis system in fluid communication with a fluid reservoir and a method that includes a housing having an inlet valve in fluid communication with the fluid reservoir. The system also includes a pressure vessel having an elongated liner, a membrane disposed within a second end of the liner and having a membrane inlet, a membrane outlet disposed at the second end and a permeate outlet. The system includes a recirculation piston disposed within the first end that defines a fluid volume between the recirculation piston and the membrane adjacent to the membrane inlet. The housing and a plunger disposed within the housing define a chamber. The plunger is coupled to an actuator. The system includes a hollow pipe with a port that is coupled to the actuator. The hollow pipe communicates fluid between the chamber within the housing and the fluid volume within the pressure vessel.

Abstract: The present invention proposes a method of operating a blood treatment apparatus for the extracorporeal blood treatment of a patient , a blood volume monitor for monitoring an extracorporeal blood treatment of the patient by means of a blood treatment apparatus, and a blood treatment apparatus.

Abstract: A filter assembly for a fuel delivery system for actuators and fuel control system of an aircraft engine includes a wash flow filter. Fuel flow velocity is increased through the filter through use of a recirculating passage that is effectively achieved through use of an ejector pump. A portion of the pressurized fuel delivered by the main fuel pump is diverted and serves as a motive fluid that scavenges unfiltered flow from downstream of the filter and recirculates or discharges the recirculated flow to an inlet of the filter. This provides increased velocity to maintain sufficient washing of the filter openings.

Abstract: Method and arrangement for separating impurities from the machine circulation of a processing agent of a processing station used in processing paper or board, in which method the processing agent is led from a reservoir (1) to the processing station (2), where it is spread on the surface of the web being processed, and the excess processing agent led to the processing station (2) agent is led back to the reservoir (1). The flow of processing agent coming from the processing station (2) is led to at least one pressure sieve (6), which is located below the level of the processing station (2), in such a way that the feed pressure of the processing agent is created on the basis of the difference in height between the station (2) and the pressure sieve (6).

Abstract: A solar power utility unit is disclosed that collects solar power during the day; stores the power in a battery pack; and distributes the energy stored in the battery to one or more utilities. The utilities can include a water purification system using a UV lamp, lights, AC electrical power to charge electronic devices, and a refrigerator. The utility unit has an electronic control unit to manage the electrical energy stored in the battery. The utilities can be ranked in priority and power turned off to lower priority utilities to ensure that the highest priority utility is serviced. Water purification system may be a continuous process with the water circulated by an electric pump, a batch process with the water transported by intermittent use of the electric pump, or a gravity feed process with valves to control the flow in and out of the purifier.

Abstract: A separation system for separating a fluid mixture includes a uniaxial cyclonic separator (2) having a first inlet (16) for receiving a fluid mixture, a separation chamber (18) for separating the fluid mixture by cyclonic action into a dense first fluid and a less dense second fluid, a first outlet (22) for the first fluid and a second outlet (26) for the second fluid. The system further includes a reverse flow cyclonic separator (32) having a second inlet (30) for receiving the first fluid from the first outlet (22), a separation chamber for separating the first fluid by cyclonic action into a dense third fluid and a less dense fourth fluid, a third outlet (34) for the third fluid and a fourth outlet (36) for the fourth fluid.

Abstract: A liquid treatment plant has sets of membrane trains and processing trains with flow between them through channels. Flow configurations for withdrawing permeate and sludge from the trains are described. Cyclic aeration is provided to the membrane trains. Methods of foam control, backwashing and chemical cleaning are described. Single membrane trains or process trains may be isolated for various functions. An isolated membrane train may be used to thicken sludge.

Abstract: A beverage bottling plant for filling bottles with a liquid beverage filling material, a container filling plant container filling machine, and a filter apparatus for filtering a liquid beverage. The filter apparatus has a plurality of filter chambers and associated valves for controlling flow of filtered liquid out of the filter chambers to optimize filtration.

Abstract: A method for controlling the flow of liquid in a high performance liquid chromatography apparatus. The method includes operating a pump, measuring the liquid pressure downstream of the pump, measuring the liquid flow rate downstream of the pump, and controlling the operation of the pump. In the method, it is automatically determined whether the pump is controlled to achieve a desired pressure or controlled to achieve a desired flow rate. Fuzzy logic can be applied in the method to determine the switch between the control modes.

Abstract: A method of in situ treatment of wastewater that is contaminated with a heavy metal may include passing a flow of contaminated wastewater through a reactor vessel. The reactor vessel may contain a plurality of biofilm retaining structures. Each of the structures may at least be partially coated with a biofilm. Additionally, the biofilm may include a plurality of bacteria retained in a matrix and the matrix may include DNA, protein and carbohydrates produced by the bacteria.

Abstract: A presterilizable filtration system is provided and is to be disposed of after a single use. The system has a recirculation tank and a filtration module that are connected to each other in a circuit via a hose system that can be regulated by at least one valve. The valve has a disposable separate valve part that can be integrated in the hose system and a reusable actuator.

Abstract: A “no filter, no run” filtration system that is designed to verify that a filter cartridge is present to safe-guard against damage to fuel injectors, associated fuel components, etc. and engine malfunctions. Fuel flow to the engine is prevented altogether or permitted in an amount insufficient to allow engine operation if a filter cartridge is not installed, and an appropriately designed filter cartridge is required to be used in order to permit sufficient fuel flow for engine operation. In one embodiment, a flow restriction valve is provided that includes a ball.