Abstract: A filter device including at least one filter chamber between a filter plate and a counter plate when the device is closed, into which chamber a suspension can be inducted on a cake side of a filter cloth through at least one filling shoe anchored in the filter plate and clamping the cloth with the filter plate in a sealing manner. The suspension permeates the cloth to the filtrate side, wherein the suspension solid content deposits on the cloth as a filter cake, and the filter and counter plates are offset from each other when the device is open, and the cake is removable from the chamber. In order to simplify the disassembly of the cloth, the shoe is movably anchored in the filter plate, and the shoe is automatically lifted off from the filter plate and the clamping of the filter cloth is released when the device is opened.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating water contaminated with metal sulfates and sulfuric acid such as acid mine drainage (AMD) which in part recycles high pH effluent from later steps in the process back to the earlier steps of the process. The recycled high pH effluent added with magnesium hydroxide to the entering AMD generates precipitates separable from the stream to leave sulfate ladened water. A tangential filtering process is used to separate the sulfate ladened water into one stream of pure water and a second stream containing sulfate. One portion of the second stream is treated with ammonia to yield a cake of ammonia sulfate and aqueous ammonia. Ca(OH)2 is added to another portion of the second stream to produce calcium sulfate cake and the high pH effluent that is recycled back to the first step in the cycle.

Abstract: A sample separation apparatus including a porous, or rough, capillary column. The porous capillary column includes a matrix which defines pores, and may be formed from a material such as porous silicon. Alternatively, the capillary column may have a rough surface of hemispherical grain silicon. The capillary column is defined in a surface of a substrate, such as silicon. The sample separation apparatus may include a stationary phase or a capture substrate disposed on the surfaces thereof. The sample separation apparatus may also include a detector positioned proximate the capillary column. A variation of the sample separation apparatus includes an electrode proximate each end of the capillary column. The sample separation apparatus may be employed to effect various types of chromatographic separation, electrophoretic separation, and analyte identification.

Abstract: The present invention refers to filtering method and a filter device for filtering liquids, especially beverages. The filtering method and the filter device are to be reliable and simple without any negative influence on the quality of the filtrate. A filter is produced in a precoating station by precoating with a filter aid, the filters being then removed from the precoating station together with the filter carriers and introduced into a filtering station, where they are stacked up like a tower and pressed together.

Abstract: Metals are removed from waste water by chemical precipitation and filtration. The system is controlled by a control system responsive to an ion specific electrode and a pH responsive electrode in a manifold that recycles filtrate to a reaction tank where precipitation occurs.

Abstract: A process for the prevention of supersaturation of electrolytes from nonferrous metal refining (preferably copper refining) with arsenic, antimony and bismuth in which the electrolyte solution is brought into contact with a chemisorption agent on a flat substrate. The substrate with the chemisorption agent is brought into a compact form with neighboring substrates and is enclosed in a protective housing before being contacted with the electrolyte.