Abstract: A hydrostatic tank floor relief valve of a construction described herein provides for equalization of hydrostatic pressure of fluid in a storage tank with hydrostatic pressure of ground water surrounding the storage tank. A high efficiency grate located in a flow channel of the hydrostatic tank floor relief valve blocks debris from entering the storage tank during pressure equalization, yet does not reduce effective flow rates through a flow channel of a given diameter. The hydrostatic tank floor relief valve optionally includes an elastomeric seal surface and a stainless steel seat ring that reduce the likelihood of particulate matter disrupting valve operation, and provide a more reliable seal.

Abstract: An automatic analyzer cartridge, spinnable around a rotational axis, has a support structure with a front face perpendicular to the rotational axis, a fluidic structure for processing a biological sample into the processed biological sample, a measurement structure with at least one detection zone on the front face, and a rotatable lid covering the front face. The rotatable lid is rotatable about the rotational axis relative to the support structure from a first position relative to the support structure to a second position relative to the support structure. The rotatable lid has a sample inlet opening and a detection zone opening. In the first position, a sample inlet is aligned with the sample inlet opening and the measurement structure is covered by the rotatable lid. In the second position, the sample inlet is covered by the rotatable lid and the measurement structure is aligned with the detection zone opening.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the separation of C4 olefins (butene-1, trans-2-butene, cis-2-butene, etc.) and C4 paraffins (normal butane, isobutane, etc) from a C4 hydrocarbon mixed gas including butene-1, trans-2-butene, cis-2-butene, normal butane, isobutane, etc. is provided. The apparatus includes several adsorption towers loaded with an adsorbent which selectively adsorb olefins and two distillation towers for the separation of the mixture gases of olefins/desorbents and paraffins/desorbents respectively.

Abstract: The process includes operation as follows: putting ozone generated by an ozone generator into raw water, in a normal mode, to subject the raw water to ozone treatment; injecting a flocculant into the raw water before or after the ozone treatment; filtering the raw water by a separation membrane after the ozone treatment and the injection of the flocculant; and intermittently setting cleaning mode to put a larger quantity of cleaning ozone than that in the normal mode into the raw water so as to intermittently increase the concentration of dissolved ozone, thereby cleaning the filtration membrane.

Abstract: A mobile water treatment facility may include, in one example operation, receiving used, dirty and/or waste water from a well or other source. The water may then be prepared for a treatment cycle by modifying the water and applying a voltage to the water inside an electrode array in order to remove the sediment from the water to provide recycled water for continued use. The process may be performed by a full capacity device or via a mobile treatment and testing unit that operates by cycling the water at a smaller volume and rate for analysis and testing purposes prior to engaging a full flow-rate treatment device.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a method for selectively removing sulfites, for example bisulfite anionic species, from a beverage comprising free sulfite by providing an effective amount of a non-ionic, solid phase material and contacting the beverage with the solid phase material thereby sequestering the free sulfite on the non-ionic, solid phase material and providing a beverage having a reduced amount of free sulfite that otherwise maintains the general chemical composition with which it started. The disclosure further provides a device for selectively removing sulfite from a beverage comprising a container for receiving a beverage comprising free sulfite, said container enclosing a non-ionic, solid phase material capable of sequestering free sulfite, and a modular apparatus comprising a sulfite capture module and optionally a sediment filter module or an aeration module. Optionally, the non-ionic solid phase material is food-safe.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for processing wastewater after de-sizing. The method includes the step of executing a preliminary treatment on the wastewater to intercept slurry and to stabilize the quality of the wastewater, the step of reducing the pH of the wastewater to a range between 6.0 and 7.5, the step of providing a refractory degradation material 30 for hydrolyzing and hence liquidating starch slurry in the wastewater, the step of separating solids from liquid of the wastewater; and the step of recycling the liquid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the removal and recovery of oil, and/or the removal and recovery of contaminants, from aqueous solutions. More specifically, the present invention relates to a system and a method for removing bacteria and recovering oil from oil and gas wastewater, produced water, and other aqueous solutions utilizing photoelectrocatalytic oxidation and suspended solids filtration.

Abstract: A system and method for treating flowing water systems with a plasma discharge to remove or control growth of microbiological species. The system and method protect other components of the water system from being damaged by excess energy from the electrohydraulic treatment. The system and method also recycle ozone gas generated by a high voltage generator that powers the plasma discharge to further treat the water. A gas infusion system upstream of or inside a plasma reaction chamber may be used to create fine bubbles of ozone, air, or other gases in the water being treated to aid in plasma generation.

Abstract: The wastewater treatment system includes a hollow, elongate, horizontally disposed, cylindrical body made from plastic is adapted for water storage and treatment. The cylindrical body includes reinforcement ribs formed by a helically wound steel band embedded in the plastic and extending between opposite open ends of the elongate cylindrical body. A voltage source selectively energizes the steel band. A pair of bulkhead members respectively extends across and covers opposite ends of the cylindrical body. A fluid-tight wall is mounted in the cylindrical body, the first bulkhead member, the fluid-tight wall and the cylindrical body forming a fluid-tight tank defining a liquid storage chamber. The second bulkhead member and the fluid-tight wall define a dry liquid treatment equipment chamber. An inlet pipe extends into the tank for admitting the pretreatment liquid into the tank. An outlet pipe extends from the tank and discharges the treated liquid from the tank.

Abstract: Disclosed an aerobic system for decomposition of aqueous organic waste, which comprises at least a first processing container including sides, an upper opening, a substantially horizontal floor, an inlet, an outlet, at least one channel arranged at the floor having an upwardly opening mouth, a ventilating pipe extending above the mouth, and a pump connected to the pipe and arranged to provide a supply of a gas to the ventilating pipe.

Abstract: Systems and methods for hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis having integrated electrodeionization capabilities are provided. In an embodiment, the dialysis system includes a carbon source, a urease source and an electrodeionization unit. The carbon source and urease source can be in the form of removable cartridges.

Abstract: A water treatment device and related method of operation may include receiving used, dirty and/or waste water from a well or other source of water. The water may then be prepared for a voltage treatment by injecting a gas into the water, treating the water with pH adjustments and then applying a voltage to the water in order to remove the sediment from the water to provide a recycled water for continued use.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved water treatment cavitation reactor cone. The tank operates on a continuous flow of fluids which are subjected to ultrasonic waves in combination with a high level of injected ozone. The treatment tank includes a tangential inlet that induces a rotating flow into the tank thereby increasing the mixing of the ozone within the effluent. The effluent is further treated with DC current. The treatment tank provides a cost efficient and environmentally friendly process and apparatus for cleaning and recycling fluids as contaminated as frac water, used to stimulate gas production from shale formations, as well as other types of fluids having various levels of contaminants such as aerobic and anaerobic bacteria and suspended solids. The calcium carbonate scaling tendency is reduced to an acceptable level without the use of acids, ion exchange materials, or anti scaling chemicals which is of economical and environmental significance and benefit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to systems and methods of wastewater treatment that rely primarily on the use of water treatment chemicals to clean wastewater without the need to use filtration mechanisms. The present invention generally provides a system that is less complex and less expensive to operate than wastewater treatment systems in the prior art.

Abstract: A wastewater concentrator a liquid evaporator assembly, a gas-liquid separator, an exhaust assembly, and a slurry thickening and storage system. The slurry thickening and storage system includes a slurry thickening tank fluidly connected to the gas-liquid separator and a thickened slurry storage tank fluidly connected to the slurry thickening tank.

Abstract: Removable cartridges are used on automated flow-through systems for the purpose of extracting and purifying genetic material from complex matrices. Different types of cartridges are paired with specific automated protocols to concentrate, extract, and purifying pathogenic or human genetic material. Their flow-through nature allows large quantities sample to be processed. Matrices may be filtered using size exclusion and/or affinity filters to concentrate the pathogen of interest. Lysed material is ultimately passed through a filter to remove the insoluble material before the soluble genetic material is delivered past a silica-like membrane that binds the genetic material, where it is washed, dried, and eluted. Cartridges are inserted into the housing areas of flow-through automated instruments, which are equipped with sensors to ensure proper placement and usage of the cartridges. Properly inserted cartridges create fluid- and air-tight seals with the flow lines of an automated instrument.

Abstract: A mobile HEB and TEP mitigation device includes a mobile body capable of movement within or upon a body of water. Located within the mobile body is a hydrodynamic separation system which includes a water inlet, a hydrodynamic separation unit and a collection tank. The hydrodynamic separation unit includes two outputs, one for a clean stream output line containing clean water and arranged to re-circulate the clean water, and another for a concentrate stream output line, the concentrate stream output line configured to place concentrated water containing potentially harmful bio-organic materials into the collection tank. Also included on the mobile body is a power source and an engine/steering unit, wherein the steering portion of the engine/steering unit provides a capacity to move the mobile body in an intended direction. The mitigation device may also be used as an embedded part of an on-shore arrangement.

Abstract: The invention relates to apparatuses, systems, and methods for the treatment of contaminated fluids, in particular water. The system is generally a continuous flow system including a multi-stage cavitation device, an electrocoagulation device, and an air flotation unit. The electrocoagulation device includes a plurality of interweaved cathode and anode plates. The anode plates are coated with an oxygen generating mixed-metal oxide coating. The air flotation unit includes a cavitation aerator and electrode blocks to introduce air bubbles into the fluid. Contaminants attach to the air bubbles and float to the fluid surface where they are removed as sludge. Treated fluid is passed through a final filtration system. The methods involve the processes imparted by the various apparatuses on the fluid.

Abstract: The mobile buoyant aerator has a buoyant toroidal capture tray for capturing contaminants and a large diameter tube extending downward through the center of the tray. The aerator may have air or other gas pumped down through a smaller concentric tube to exit at the bottom of the larger tube to entrain and carry contaminated water up the larger tube, capturing contaminants in the capture tray. Alternatively, the aerator may have a compressed gas tank at the bottom of the larger tube to preclude the need for a smaller diameter tube. In another alternative, the aerator has an air pump at the top of the structure to pump air down through the device. In a further alternative, the aerator has a water pump at the top of the structure that draws water from outside the aerator and pumps the water down through the center to entrain contaminated water.

Abstract: A bioartificial kidney equivalent and a process for producing the bioartificial kidney equivalent. The hybrid bioartificial kidney comprises human proximal and distal renal tubule cells grown on particular synthetic membranes.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for separating suspended matter from liquid includes a concentrator filter that draws the liquid out of the suspension while the filter kept unblocked by a sparging filter that allows scrubbing of the concentrator filter by gas bubbles. This invention can be used to replace cross-flow filtration and centrifugation in the bioprocess industry and to reduce the volume of suspensions to concentrate the yield of the end product in the chemical industry.

Abstract: An apparatus and method treats contaminated water by encompassing within a water-permeable enclosure a clay-based flocculant material for reducing a contaminant entrained in a flow of contaminated water. In one embodiment, the material further comprises a polyacrylamide composition. A placement member attaches to the water-permeable enclosure to impede the flow of contaminated water. An attached or proximately positioned filter captures the flocculant. Alternatively, the flocculant is captured in a clarification settling basin.

Abstract: An arrangement for addition of chlorine dioxide to flowing water in a pipeline is provided. The reactants are reacted in a reaction chamber located in the flow of water and the chlorine dioxide is passed from the reaction chamber directly into the flowing water.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for removing high density particles from a biological fluid such as blood using aphaeresis. The particles are preferably sub-micron in size and denser than normally occurring components of the fluid and can be removed by a modified reverse-flow gradient density centrifuge without damaging the fluid. The particles can be provided to a patient in vivo or added to the fluid after it is removed from the patient. Some particles can carry and deliver oxygen and scavenge carbon dioxide. Other particles are conjugated to capture molecules for attaching to targets such as cancer cells, viruses, pathogens, toxins, or excess concentrations of a drug or element in the fluid. The targets are then removed from the fluid along with the particles by the aphaeresis instrument.

Abstract: A membrane separation device is disclosed along with systems and methods employing the device in blood processing procedures. In one embodiment, a spinning membrane separator is provided in which at least two zones or regions are created in the gap between the membrane and the shell, such that mixing of the fluid between the two regions is inhibited by a radial rib associated with the membrane that decreases the gap between the membrane and the shell to define two fluid regions, the ridge isolating the fluid in the two regions to minimize mixing between the two. Automated systems and methods are disclosed for separating a unit of previously collected whole blood into components, such as concentrated red cells and plasma, for collecting red cells and plasma directly from a donor in a single pass, and for cell washing. Data management systems and methods and priming methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: A system for the production or handling of heavy oil comprises means (18) for introducing an immiscible viscosity-reducing fluid into the heavy oil at an upstream end of a flow line (10,22) to create a dispersion of oil and viscosity-reducing fluid, and means (24,30) for separating the viscosity-reducing fluid at least partially from the oil at a downstream end of the flow line. The separating means comprises a cyclonic fluid conditioning unit (24) connected receive the dispersion of oil and viscosity-reducing fluid from the downstream end of the flow line (22), said cyclonic fluid conditioning unit being constructed and arranged to subject the dispersion to a cyclonic conditioning process; and a gravity separator unit (30) connected to receive the conditioned dispersion from the cyclonic fluid conditioning unit.

Abstract: Apparatus and systems for water treatment, as well as methods for treating water, are provided. An apparatus for water treatment may include one or more reactors configured for water treatment, one or more light sources configured to provide ultraviolet light inside the one or more reactors, a photocatalyst positioned in each of the one or more reactors and configured to receive the ultraviolet light from the one or more light sources, and a pure oxygen source coupled to the one or more reactors and configured to supply pure oxygen to the water.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating slurries of organic solids is disclosed. A slurry of organic solids is admixed with hydrogen peroxide, followed by exposure to microwave irradiation resulting in the heating of the mixture and enhanced hydrolysis of the organic solids. The treated slurry of organic solids can then be further treated in a variety of downstream processes, including solid separation, digestion and fermentation. The supernatant portion of the treated slurry of organic solids can be a source from which to recover compounds such as nutrients (for example nitrogen, phosphate, potassium, magnesium, calcium) or industrial organic compounds (such as acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid), or as a source of readily biodegradable organic compounds for supplementing a biological wastewater treatment process, digester or fermenter.

Abstract: A method and system for reversibly converting water between an initial ionic strength and an increased ionic strength, using a switchable additive, is described. The disclosed method and system can be used, for example, in distillation-free removal of water from solvents, solutes, or solutions. Following extraction of a solute from a medium by dissolving it in water, the solute can then be isolated from the aqueous solution or “salted-out” by converting the water to a solution having an increased ionic strength. The solute then separates from the increased ionic strength solution as a separate phase. Once the solute is, for example, decanted off, the increased ionic strength aqueous solution can be converted back to water having its original ionic strength and reused. Switching from lower to higher ionic strength is readily achieved using low energy methods such as bubbling with CO2, CS2 or COS.

Abstract: A modular dual vessel DAF includes a frame, adjacent treatment sections mounted to the frame and including a multi-stage flocculator, aeration injector and mix chamber, stilling well, separation tank, effluent weir having an enclosed peaked upper portion and bottom inlet, clear well with height adjustable risers, surface skimmer, inclined sludge plate, and a sludge collection section, wherein the treatment sections may operate independently, in parallel, or in series. A modular dual vessel DAF may include a separator plate pack in each separation tank.

Abstract: A portable device for filtering and purifying water comprised of an outer chamber and an inner chamber that is slidable within a section of the outer chamber, and a small pore size pre-filter, whereby water is drawn through the pre-filter into the first container section of the outer chamber where it is isolated and treated with a disinfectant agent, then is drawn out of the first container section and into the second container section, and then into the inner chamber, where it is passed across another filtering material such as an activated carbon bed, removing any remaining contaminants before the potable water exits through a mouthpiece.

Abstract: A water treatment device and methods of treating water such as cooling tower water, agricultural water, water used in the production of oil and/or gas, swimming pool water, and hot tub or spa water, are described. The water treatment device utilizes ultraviolet radiation, a magnetic field, and ozone fortified air to treat the water, typically resulting in reduced microbial contamination and reduced alkalinity in cooling tower water. Cooling tower water may consequently be run at higher cycles of concentration while reducing or eliminating deposition of minerals on cooling tower components. Swimming pool water and hot tub water treated with the water treatment device typically requires less chlorine, and chlorine levels are typically more stable than without the device.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for processing wastewater after de-sizing. The method includes the step of executing a preliminary treatment on the wastewater to intercept slurry and to stabilize the quality of the wastewater, the step of reducing the pH of the wastewater to a range between 6.0 and 7.5, the step of providing a refractory degradation material 30 for hydrolyzing and hence liquidating starch slurry in the wastewater, the step of separating solids from liquid of the wastewater; and the step of recycling the liquid.

Abstract: A portable device for filtering and purifying water comprised of an outer chamber and an inner chamber that is slidable within a section of the outer chamber, and a small pore size pre-filter, whereby water is drawn through the pre-filter into the first container section of the outer chamber where it is isolated and treated with a disinfectant agent, then is drawn out of the first container section and into the second container section, and then into the inner chamber, where it is passed across another filtering material such as an activated carbon bed, removing any remaining contaminants before the potable water exits through a mouthpiece.

Abstract: A membrane element 36 includes filtration membranes 45 on the flat part of the membrane element 36. Spacing members 60 keep spacing S between the filtration membranes 45 between the membrane elements 36 when the membrane elements 36 are arranged with the filtration membranes 45 opposed to each other. The spacing members 60 each have spacer sections 61a and 61b that keep the spacing S between the filtration membranes 45 between the membrane elements 36 in the direction of a membrane surface cleaning stream that flows along the surface of the filtration membrane 45.

Abstract: A portable water disinfecting and purification apparatus comprising a first chamber into which water to be purified may be drawn by suction or negative pressure, a second chamber into which the water from the first chamber can be forced by a pumping action or positive pressure, whereby the water is initially passed across a pre-filter secured over the inlet to the first chamber and having a very small pore size and an inner cavity in which a disinfecting agent is place to filters most contaminants before the water is drawn into said filtering device, and once in the first holding chamber the water is isolated and may be further treated with a disinfectant agent, and then is passed though at least additional filtering substance including an activated carbon or nano-filter.

Abstract: Formation of scale in a wastewater treatment system upstream of a struvite precipitation reactor is inhibited by injection of one or more of CO2 and H3PO4. The injection may be performed at multiple locations. Injection may be controlled based on one or more of pH, fluid flow and fluid pressure. Scale may be inhibited while maintaining production of precipitated struvite.

Abstract: Formation of scale in a wastewater treatment system upstream of a struvite precipitation reactor is inhibited by injection of CO2. The injection may be performed at multiple locations. Injection may be controlled based on one or more of pH, fluid flow and fluid pressure. Injected CO2 may be stripped at the precipitation reactor to enhance struvite production. Scale may be inhibited while maintaining production of precipitated struvite.

Abstract: Extraction apparatus and method for obtaining essential oils, essence, and pigments from odorous raw materials (e.g., plant materials and Chinese medicinal herbs) by microwave radiation heating have advantages of easy operation, higher extracting temperature and efficiency. The microwave chamber has a power level of 100 W to 1,500 W and its microwave radiation has a frequency at 915 MHz or 2,450 MHz. The extraction process can be performed without any preheating necessary. A condenser is operated at temperatures between ?20° C. and 15° C. for cooling the gas flowing out of the extraction cartridges. Because both volatile fragrant compounds and pigments of the odorous raw materials can be extracted successfully by the top-down extraction fashion, the extracted essence is colorful. Since the extraction process by microwave heating is free from adding any organic solvent and/or any artificial chemical compound, the extraction apparatus and method are environmentally friendly.

Abstract: An electrospray ion source comprises a source of analyte-bearing liquid; a source of sheath gas; a plurality of liquid conduits, each configured so as to receive a portion of the analyte-bearing liquid; at least one electrode associated with the plurality of liquid conduits for producing electrospray emission of charged droplets from an outlet of each of the liquid conduits; a power supply electrically coupled to the at least one electrode for maintaining the at least one electrodes at an electrical potential; and either one or a plurality of sheath gas conduits, each sheath gas conduit comprising an inlet configured to receive sheath gas and an outlet configured to emit a sheath gas flow that circumferentially surrounds, in at least two dimensions, a portion of the emitted charged droplets.

Abstract: A filtration medium comprises a first grade of glass particles and a material suitable to form a water permeable retention layer. Preferably, the filtration medium comprises at least two grades of glass particles. The first grade is preferably distributed substantially over the range of 0.75 mm to 1.7 mm. The second grade is preferably substantially in the range of 1.7 mm to 3 mm. In a further aspect, a filter is described having a water permeable retention layer supporting a filtration medium substantially comprising the first grade of particles. The retention layer may comprise the second grade of glass.

Abstract: A portable water disinfecting and purification apparatus comprising a first chamber into which water to be purified may be drawn by suction or negative pressure, a second chamber into which the water from the first chamber can be forced by a pumping action or positive pressure, whereby the water is passed across a micro-filter positioned within a section of the second chamber through which water can be forced by said pumping action to an outlet for purified water.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for treating oily wastewater comprising: pretreating the oily wastewater using at least one of electrocoagulation, flotation and absorbing to produce a pretreated water; and treating the pretreated water using membrane distillation to produce a product water. In another aspect, the invention relates to a system for treating oily wastewater comprising: a pretreatment apparatus for pretreating the oily wastewater to produce a pretreated water, the pretreatment apparatus comprising at least one of an electrocoagulation apparatus, a flotation apparatus and an absorbing apparatus; and a membrane distillation apparatus for treating the pretreated water to produce a product water.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a hydrocyclone for cleaning cellulose suspensions from light impurities i.e. a so called reverse hydrocyclone, having a base end and an apex end and a separation chamber having an elongated shape between the base end and the apex end, at least one inlet arranged at the base end and at least one underflow outlet at the apex end and at least one overflow outlet at the base end. The overflow outlet is provided with an additional, light reject outlet arranged concentrically to a length axis of the hydrocyclone. The invention also concerns a system and a method for producing and/or treating cellulose suspension comprising at least a reverse cleaning stage and at least a dewatering stage.

Abstract: Fluid purification or treatment apparatus (10) for treating or purifying contaminated liquids such as water which includes at least one upright elongated primary treatment chamber (11) having an inlet (14) for fluid to be treated at an upper end of the chamber (11) such that fluid flows downwardly through the chamber (11) and means (20 or 24) for introducing a sterilizing agent such as ozone or ozone enriched air into a lower end of the chamber (11) for bubbling upwardly through liquid flowing downwardly through the chamber (11), means (16) at the upper end of the chamber (11) for removing waste and an ultraviolet lamp (29) for UV treatment of the liquid, the ultraviolet lamp (29) being located in a separate chamber (12) connected to the primary treatment chamber (11) or within the primary treatment chamber (11). A plurality of chambers (11) and (12) may be provided for multiple treatment of the liquid.

Abstract: A system for well fluid treatment, the system being transportable, the system including a base, a support structure on the base, a brace apparatus connected to the base and to the support structure for bracing the support structure during movement of the system, the brace apparatus releasably secured to the support structure and releasably secured to the base, at least one holding tank on the base for holding well fluid to be treated, from an active rig well fluid system and the well fluid to be treated including solids, centrifuge apparatus for centrifuging a mixture of well fluid and solids from the at least one holding tank, producing reusable fluid, a first pump apparatus for pumping well fluid and solids from the at least one holding tank to the centrifuge apparatus, and a centrifuge support on the base for supporting the centrifuge apparatus.

Abstract: The process includes operation as follows: putting ozone generated by an ozone generator into raw water, in a normal mode, to subject the raw water to ozone treatment; injecting a flocculant into the raw water before or after the ozone treatment; filtering the raw water by a separation membrane after the ozone treatment and the injection of the flocculant; and intermittently setting cleaning mode to put a larger quantity of cleaning ozone than that in the normal mode into the raw water so as to intermittently increase the concentration of dissolved ozone, thereby cleaning the filtration membrane.

Abstract: A device, system and method for exchanging components between first and second fluids by direct contact in a microfluidic channel. The fluids flow as thin layers in the channel. One of the fluids is passed through a filter upon exiting the channel and is recycled through a secondary processor which changes the fluid's properties. The recycled fluid is reused for further exchange. The filter excludes blood cells from the recycled fluid and prevents or limits clogging of the filter. The secondary processor removes metabolic waste and water by diafiltration.

Abstract: A modular dual vessel DAF includes a frame, adjacent treatment sections mounted to the frame and including a multi-stage flocculator, aeration injector and mix chamber, stilling well, separation tank, effluent weir having an enclosed peaked upper portion and bottom inlet, clear well with height adjustable risers, surface skimmer, inclined sludge plate, and a sludge collection section, wherein the treatment sections may operate independently, in parallel, or in series. A modular dual vessel DAF may include a separator plate pack in each separation tank.