Abstract: A cartridge containing a plurality of hollow fiber membranes is disclosed. The cartridge comprises a plurality of fibers arranged in a bundle and at least one end of the bundle embedded in a tubesheet. The tubesheets are fitted with end caps to provide a chamber for the permeate. A feed tube extends longitudinally through the bundle and a permeate discharge tube is housed, preferably concentrically, within a feed tube. The cartridge does not require a high pressure seal, such as an O-ring seal, against the inner wall of the pressure vessel. The cartridge is configured as a single unit adapted for simple drop-in installation into a pressure vessel. Multiple cartridges may readily be inserted into a pressure vessel, and arranged so as to operate in series or in parallel. The hollow fiber membrane cartridge is adapted for industrial performance with high volumetric efficiency and high solute rejection.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a water filter and particularly to a water filter with a rotary filter tube, comprising a water filter cylinder and a plurality of filter leaf thimbles so that there is a maximum filter course in a certain filter space for water filtering. It is very convenient to replace the filter leaves (thimbles) outside the water inlet pipe (port).

Abstract: Apparatus, methods and media for filtering liquids are especially suited for insertion into an existing storm water catch basin. The filtration that occurs reduces concentration of storn water runoff pollutants including heavy metals, suspended solids, particles and oil and grease. While being able to handle the high flow rates of storm water runoff, the filters also remove small particles and oil and grease the filters are arranged such that overflow from uppermost filters, as they become clogged, is directed by overflow weirs to change direction to allow filtration by lower filters. Storm water surges during peak intensity are permitted to over flow directly into a catch basin to prevent ponding. The invention can also be used above ground to treat pumped liquid from industrial and environmental sources.

Abstract: A biochemical water filter comprising a cylindrical shell, a solar light tube and several ultraviolet tubes disposed in the shell so as to cultivate nitric bacteria to get rid of harmful bacteria with help of the light tubes for purifying water used in an aquarium, and a plurality of filtering plates for useful bacteria to fasten and grow thereon and for filtering water.

Abstract: A tubular membrane module for separation providing a plurality of perforated support tubes having a semipermeable membrane for separation provided on inner surfaces thereof, a cylindrical case having a permeated solution port provided on a drum portion thereof, a pair of first and second plastic headers attached to both ends perforated support tubes for making the perforated support tubes be communicated and header connecting means, the first header being divided into a first header outer portion having a feed solution inlet port and a concentrated solution outlet port provided on an outer surface thereof and a plurality of first communication ports which are groove-shaped provided on an inner surface thereof, and a first header inner portion held between the first header outer portion and the case and having first openings for fitting the perforated support tubes which correspond to the first communication ports, and the second header being divided into a second header outer portion having a plurality of sec

Abstract: The invention is a hollow fiber membrane fluid separation device specially adapted for boreside feed which contains multiple concentric stages.

Abstract: A wafer (10) providing transfer sheets of semipermeable membrane (21). Such wafers include peripheral support means (11) defining a generally cylindrical ring and having inside (14) and outside faces (15) and upper (12) and lower (13) faces and, a plurality of transverse sheet membrane sleeves (16) carried within the peripheral support means. Apparatus (60) for the separation of a fluid into permeate and retentate portions comprises a plurality of transverse sheet membrane wafers (10), vessel means (61) providing a first port (68) for receiving the fluid, a second port (69) for withdrawing the retentate and a third port (70) for withdrawing the permeate, means for compressing (74) the plurality of wafers in axial alignment, and permeate chamber means (72) within said vessel, separate from the feedstream and the retentate by the means for compressing (74) and peripheral support means (11).

Abstract: A water filter cartridge includes a reverse osmosis membrane permeator spirally wound on a central winding tube and surrounded by an impermeable barrier layer which is, in turn, surrounded by a spirally wound prefilter. A post-filter is placed centrally within the winding tube. The cartridge is designed for functional installation in a housing tube fastened and sealed to a valve plate at a first end and closed by a removable end cap at the other, second end. Feed water enters the cartridge through an inlet port in the valve plate at the first end at an outer radius to pass lengthwise in prefilter. Prefiltered water returns from the second end lengthwise through the reverse osmosis permeator to a waste-water outlet port in the valve plate at an intermediate radius. Product water which has permeated through the membrane flows inwardly through holes in the winding tube and into a clearance space surrounding the central post-filter.

Abstract: A liquid flow device includes filter tubes which act as reverse osmosis tubes, ultrafiltration tubes or microfiltration tubes. The device also includes a stack of discs having apertures defining a plurality of elongated passages; an end disc provided at each end of the stack of discs; and a membrane tube provided in each elongated passage and projecting at opposite open ends through and beyond the end discs. A liquid inlet feeds liquid into the interior of at least one membrane tube; and a liquid outlet withdraws liquid from inside the membrane tubes. Tubular interconnector members are provided at both open ends of at least two of the membrane tubes for interconnecting the open ends of the various membrane tubes at both ends.

Abstract: An ultrafiltration apparatus in which a plurality of support panels are arranged to form a stack, with panel faces each carrying a membrane for separating a base liquid into two fractions. Apertures are formed in the panels, and the stack is arranged so that these apertures are in registration to form ducts within the stack. Longitudinal ribs are formed in the panel faces, with longitudinal channels on either side of same. Transverse ribs are formed between adjacent longitudinal channels, with transverse channels between adjacent such ribs. Turbulence reduction flanges are inserted between selected panels within the stack to divide same into subassemblies, which direct fluid flow from the top of one subassembly to the bottom of the succeeding subassembly, providing bottom-to-top flow across the panel faces throughout the stack.

Abstract: Capillary filter arrangement for the sterilization of liquid media comprising two semipermeable capillary fibre bundles (4, 5) which are in flow connection and which are arranged adjacent each other in a single housing (1). The opposite openings of the housing (1) are each sealed by an end cap (2; 2a) which comprises at least one connecting opening (3; 3a) for introduction or removal of the medium respectively. The housing (1) comprises at its ends a cast layer (6; 7) in which the ends of the capillary fibre bundles (4; 5) are received, a distributing space (8; 9) being formed between the end cap (2; 2a) and cast layer (6; 7) and a primary filtrate chamber (10) being formed between the cast layer (6; 7).

Abstract: Disclosed is a hollow-fiber filter module having a novel structure in which a large number of hollow fibers for filtration use are disposed in a rectilinear fashion, two exit planes are defined by the opposite open ends of the hollow fibers, a filtrate collection chamber is formed over one of the exit planes, and one or more filtrate conduits are provided in order to conduct the filtrate collected in the filtrate collection chamber to the other exit plane. A reinforcing ring helps secure the filtrate conduits. This hollow-fiber filter module permits the efficient utilization of a hollow-fiber filter membrane and, therefore, can reduce the space occupied by the module. Moreover, a plurality of such hollow-fiber filter modules can be connected in series and used in the form of a hollow-fiber filter module assembly having a length of several meters.

Abstract: A liquid filter device has a housing and a multiple of closely spaced discs provided in the housing, the discs having holes which are adapted to be in alignment so as to define at least one elongated passage. The discs have separating means separating the discs from each other so as to provide a flow gap between adjacent discs. A filter tube is provided in each elongated passage. A fluid inlet leads into the housing to provide fluid into the interior of at least one filter tube, and a fluid outlet leads from the housing to withdraw fluid, which has passed through the filter tubes and into the flow gap between the discs. Interconnection means interconnect the ends of the filter tubes, and a resin casting surrounds the interconnection means.

Abstract: A filter unit for use in a casing disposed in a septic tank which includes a plurality of stacked disc-dam units to form a cartridge having a longitudinal on each disc-dam unit having a generally circular planar base having a chord edge where the chord edge of each disc-dam is in mutual alignment so that first and second sealing edges are formed at the respective ends of the chord edge where the first and second sealing edges are parallel to the longitudinal axis and where each disc like base includes a continuous elongate dam located on one side of the base and extending outwardly therefrom to terminate at a dam top where the elongate dam has a dam first end adjacent the first sealing edge and extends continuously to a dam second end at said second sealing edge to divide the base into an upstream and downstream side with retaining device to hold the disc-dam units in stacked relation with selected spacing between the dam top of one disc-dam unit and the surface of the next base.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and process for the separation of at least a portion of one liquid phase from a mixture of immiscible liquid phases using two porous membranes spaced from one another. Each membrane is wetted only by the one liquid phase to be separated. The mixed phases are pressurized on one side of the first membrane. The one phase to be separated passes through the first membrane into the space between the membranes and then through the second membrane to form a finished stream. Any phase that does not ideally wet the first or second membranes theoretically does not pass through the membranes. However, any such phase that nevertheless does pass through the first membrane, due to operational variations or membrane aging effects, is removed from a space between the membranes and does not effectively contaminate the finished stream.

Abstract: A water filter has an elongated base with an inlet opening near one end thereof to which is secured an adaptor ring for attachment to a water faucet. A first outlet opening on the base dispenses unfiltered water and there is a channel defined within the base that leads toward the other end, with an externally-operable valve being included for selecting between unfiltered flow to that outlet and flow down the channel. Located near the other end of the base is a mounting on which sits a water filter cartridge that communicates with the channel, and the cartridge delivers filtered water to a second outlet. A number of features include a color indicator to exhibit degree of cartridge usage, a reversible adaptor ring to accommodate different faucets and there are different aerator structures. Of particular note is the replaceable cartridge which includes a deflector for obtaining better usage of the main filtering material, an exteriorally-mounted first filter and an internally-mounted second filter.

Abstract: A flat-membrane separating arrangement has a plurality of separating blocks each having a packet of ring-shaped membrane-coated filter disks spaced from one another in an axial direction to form therebetween intermediate gaps which are open peripherally, assembling elements arranged to assemble the filter disks in the packet and including a plurality of spacing rings located between the filter disks and tensioning and permeate-guiding pins connecting the filter disks with one another, supplying elements for supplying raw solution or concentrate flow upstream of the packet of filter disks and including a plurality of curved guiding blades with a deflecting disk having a central projection at the side of the packet and with a first limiting member at the side opposite the packet, permeate-withdrawing elements including a second limiting member connected with the packet downstream of the latter and provided with a central opening for permeate withdrawal, and an annular wall extending along the supplying elements

Abstract: A filtration apparatus includes at least one tangential filtration module ving at least one filtration element defining a conduit arranged in a spiral configuration within an enclosure in the form of a body of revolution. The element defines a helicoidal slope for liquid to be filtered and causes such liquid to pass through the module along a helicoidal path. The liquid is tangentially filtered, and filtrate is delivered to the exterior of the module.

Abstract: A hollow fiber membrane-type fluid separation apparatus useful for selective separation of fluids in various techniques such as gas permeation, liquid permeation, dialysis, ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis, etc.

Abstract: In order to separate oil from an oil-water mixture and in order to reduce the level of pollution in the water which is recovered, to prevent environmental pollution, the mixture is conducted over a plurality of inclined planes (18, 20, 22, 24) which are arranged at an acute angle relative to each other, in a housing 12, provided with a fleece 30 which repels oil. Thereby, the water penetrates through the fleece and is fed at the lowest point of one of those planes to a collection device (34, 36, 38, 40, 42) whereas the oil is collected from above the fleece at the lowest point of the bottom most plane 24.

Abstract: A membrane separation cell is described comprising a stack of supporting members each supporting a membrane on each of its opposite faces and defining a permeate compartment therewith, and separating members interposed between the membranes of adjacent supporting members and defining feed solution compartments therewith. The separating members are plates formed with passageways connecting the feed solution compartments in series through the stack such that the feed solution flows through each feed solution compartment in an inward direction across one face of the separator plate and in an outward direction across its opposite face. The membrane supporting members are plates each formed with an outer rim having passageways for conducting the permeate from the permeate compartment in parallel out of the stack.

Abstract: The apparatus for drying organic materials such as for example brown coal has a space (5) maintained under a pressure exceeding atmospheric pressure, the material to be dried being supplied to the upper end (12) of said space and the dried material being discharged from the lower end (20) of said space. Between the supply opening (12) and the discharge opening (20) there are provided obliquely arranged sieves (2, 6) and water-impermeable collecting spaces for the water separated on the sieves. The collecting spaces (3, 7) for the water separated on the sieves are connected with drain channels (9, 10), and several sieves (2, 6) are arranged one above the other in the manner of cascades, the lower edge of one sieve being located above an uppermost area of the following sieve (2, 6) as seen in flow direction (FIG. 1).

Abstract: A disposable, oil filter cartridge is described. The cartridge comprises a shell of circular outline within which a stack of interconnected filter discs of octagonal outline are held in preloaded, compressed condition by an end cap attached to the outer, or open, end of the shell. The stack of filter elements has a plurality of tortuous passageways through which oil flows and is discharged, after filtration, centrally of the stack of filter elements, through the end cap. A compression spring maintains the integrity of the tortuous passageways which might otherwise be lost due to the expected reduction in thickness of the filter elements during use. A second embodiment of the invention illustrates a similar cartridge in which the filter discs are of hexagonal outline which facilitates their fabrication from a sheet of filter material.

Abstract: A medical liquid dispensing device such as a medical administering dripset or a syringe having a liquid conducting tube comprising at least one partition element forming in the liquid conducting tube, at least two liquid passageways longitudinally separate from each other across the partition element, and at least one elongated microporous tubular element which extends in part in at least one of the two liquid passageways in the liquid conducting tube from the partition element. The tubular element has at least one longitudinal passageway closed in at least one of the liquid passageways in the liquid conducting tube. Thus, the microporous tubular element serves as a microporous filter medium for collecting on its inner and/or outer peripheral surfaces the solid particles contained in a liquid medicament or transfusion blood passed through the microporous tubular element.

Abstract: A device for separating a mixture of, for example, oil and water consists of a number of elements treating the mixture in stages, said elements being arranged in overlying position in order to manufacture a compact device.

Abstract: A boiler feedwater conditioning tank for removing mud, iron and any other settleable solids from boiler feedwater and adding soluble chemicals to the same, wherein the feedwater is mixed and heated by passing the mixture down and around and up into and through a system of concentric open-ended standpipes erected within the tank. The outlet for clean feedwater lies at the top of the tank inside the upper end of the inner standpipe, and the inlets for the same lie distributively around the outside of the outer standpipe at the bottom thereof. The input port for chemicals lies in the tank side walls and steam heating coils lie between the outer standpipe and the wall of the tank in the path of convective flow of feedwater up between the same.

Abstract: A magnetic separator having multiple staggered layers of porous magnetic material positioned to intercept a fluid stream carrying magnetic particles and so placed that a bypass of each layer is effected as the pores of the layer become filled with material extracted from the fluid stream.

Abstract: A membrane separation apparatus utilizing hyperfiltration for permitting passage of a filtrate therethrough while rejecting a concentrated liquid medium is provided utilizing porous stainless steel membrane supports, wherein these supports are fabricated into a single pass configuration adapted for use at high pressures and substantial lengths, and wherein membrane is deposited in situ upon said supports after fabrication.

Abstract: The apparatus comprises a plurality of tubular classifiers connected in series to one another and into sections which are parallel connected to a manifold to form a unit of the apparatus. Each tubular classifier has pipes for tangential admission of a liquid mixture and the removal of concentrate and filtrate, and vertically extending transverse partitions are provided immediately adjacent to end plates. The partitions have through holes arranged along a spiral line. The holes receive the ends of the tubular filtering elements and said ends are secured therein and the elements are arranged at an angle to the longitudinal axis of a casing and to the partitions.

Abstract: Oil and other contaminants are separated from aqueous effluents by a system which includes means for introducing the contaminated aqueous effluents into a separation zone where they are passed through the labyrinth course of a coalescing chamber to separate oil particles. The oil is removed by means of a skimmer and moved into an oil storage area. The aqueous effluents are then passed from the bottom of the separation zone to an extraction zone where they are passed through a bed of a material capable of adsorbing hydrocarbons and other pollutants. The effluent may then be discarded or may be moved through a fail safe system designed to assure that hydrocarbon removal is complete in all instances.

Abstract: A filtering system is disclosed for effectively filtering the water of aquariums for tropical or salt-water fish, the water of fish-farming ponds, and/or any other type of fish-farming water. The system includes a filtration tank partitioned into a storage chamber, a filtration chamber, and a discharge chamber, and the fish-farming water is successively passed through the storage and filtration chambers so as to be purified, and is discharged along the water surface by means of a discharge mechanism within the discharge chamber. A lift pipe is provided at one end of the storage chamber, and filters and vacancies are alternately arranged in a parallel manner within the filtration chamber, with an open spaced defined thereabove.

Abstract: In a dynamic solids concentrator having a rotor with radially extensive disc-like elements which rotate adjacent other stationary or rotating disc-like elements, stabilizing members are provided along radial edges of the respective elements. In the case of the rotating elements, the stabilizing members are stabilizing fingers which ride within guide members on or guide paths in the inner walls of the concentrator and, in another embodiment, T-shaped stabilizing members whose arms ride on the surfaces of adjacent disc-like elements. In the case of the non-rotating elements, the stabilizng members are stabilizing fingers which ride within the guide members on or guide paths in the concentrators's rotor shaft. The fingers, T-shaped members and their cooperating guides stabilize the relative positions of the disc-like elements within the concentrator under conditions in which pressure differentials within the concentrator or high rotor speeds would otherwise disturb their relative positions.

Abstract: A membrane module is made from at least one pair of spaced membrane sheets that are interposed between spaced porous material sheets and all of the layers of sheets are in turn spirally wound around an axially positioned hollow mandrel that has at least one internal flow blocking means therein and side-wall openings connective to an internal portion of one of said porous sheets such that a first fluid flow can pass outwardly from a portion of the mandrel into a portion of the connecting porous layer and into the envelope resulting from the encompassing membranes and then back into another portion of the mandrel such that at least one out-to-in flow will be made through the membrane envelope, while a second fluid stream is passed through the next adjacent porous material layers to carry the fluid which has permeated through the membranes.

Abstract: In a dynamic solids concentrator having a rotor with radially extensive disc-like elements which rotate adjacent other stationary or rotating disc-like elements, stabilizing members are provided along radial edges of the respective elements. In the case of the rotating elements, the stabilizing members are stabilizing fingers which ride within guide members on or guide paths in the inner walls of the concentrator and, in another embodiment, T-shaped stabilizing members whose arms ride on the surfaces of adjacent disc-like elements. In the case of the non-rotating elements, the stabilizing members are stabilizing fingers which ride within the guide members on or guide paths in the concentrator's rotor shaft. The fingers, T-shaped members and their cooperating guides stabilize the relative positions of the disc-like elements within the concentrator under conditions in which pressure differentials within the concentrator or high rotor speeds would otherwise disturb their relative positions.

Abstract: Method of carrying out filtration using semi-permeable membranes in apparatus of the type having a plurality of frustoconical sections defining an annular type space between the various sections, each section having a membrane thereon, the steps comprising passing a solution to be treated along the spaces between the various sections in converging and/or diverging flow paths.

Abstract: In the disclosed aquarium system, the aquarium water is purified in a biological/mechanical external filtration means which can also include chemical adsorption elements, if desired. The filtration means typically comprises (a) a pre-filtration zone, containing a relatively "coarse" filter element (e.g. with a pore size greater than 100 microns), and (b) a parallel flow zone containing a "fine" filter element (e.g. with a pore size less than 100 microns) and at least one cultured filter element. The culture of the cultured filtered element typically contains nitrifying bacteria, which help keep the free ammonia concentration in the aquarium system at a low, nontoxic level or even negligible level. The "fine" filter element in parallel with the cultured filter element permits high flow rates through the system and removes fine detritus.

Abstract: In a rotary concentrator for continuous separation of a vehicle fluid and a concentrate of solids from an abrasive solids-containing fluid, a plurality of solids-detaining baffles and pockets are provided within the concentrator to collect deposits of the abrasive materials. This depositing of materials upon interior surfaces of the concentrator provides an autogenous, relatively stationary protective layer of abrasive material which protects those surfaces from the abrasive action of solids-containing material flowing past them during operation of the concentrator.

Abstract: Separating and thickening apparatus, particularly advantageous for use in processing pulp, characterized by an apertured duct preferably of U-shape and rectangular cross-section. The duct is distinguished by closely spaced walls and incorporates removable screen segments which are readily accessible and easily replaced. The apparatus is so contrived to enable a highly efficient, high capacity, dewatering or thickening structure which requires no moving parts.