Abstract: A high-temperature ceramic filter having a three-dimensional reticulated skeleton structure is prepared by applying a ceramic slurry to a synthetic resin foam having an open cell three-dimensional reticulated skeleton structure, followed by drying and firing. The ceramic slurry contains 20-40 parts by weight of aluminum titanate, 40-60 parts by weight of mullite, 2-20 parts by weight of alumina, and agalmatolite. The filter is useful for the filtration of molten metals.

Abstract: A filter for the filtration of molten aluminum is obtained by binding 100 parts by weight of aggregate particles with 10 to 20 parts by weight of an inorganic binding material, said aggregate particles being composed of at least one alumina selected from the group consisting of fused alumina and sintered alumina and said inorganic binding material having a raw material composition comprising 25 wt. % to 35 wt. % of SiO.sub.2, 30 to 40 wt. % of B.sub.2 O.sub.3, 20 to 35 wt. % of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and the balance being MgO. A filter according to the invention has a crystallinity of from 10% to 25% with the proviso that in the powder X-ray diffraction, the crystallinity is expressed in terms of a percentage of a peak height of 9Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 .multidot.2B.sub.2 O.sub.3 appearing at 2.theta.=16.5.degree. to a peak height of .alpha.-Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 appearing at 2.theta.=43.4.degree.. Needle crystals of 9Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 .multidot.2B.sub.2 O.sub.

Abstract: Disclosed is a filter material for selectively removing leukocytes from a leukocyte-containing suspension, which comprises a porous element having an average pore diameter of 1 to 25 .mu.m and a total pore volume of 0.40 to 0.95 ml/ml of the porous element, and wherein the sum of respective pore volumes of pores of the porous element which have a pore diameter of 1 to 30 .mu.m is 90% or more, based on said total pore volume. Also disclosed is a filter apparatus for selectively removing leukocyte from a leukocyte-containing suspension which is packed with the above-mentioned filter material. By virtue of the filter material, the filter apparatus not only can remove leukocytes from a leukocyte-containing suspension at a leukocyte removal efficiency as excellent as 10.sup.-4 or less in terms of a leukocyte residual ratio without suffering from a pressure loss increase, but also can be rendered compact.

Abstract: The present invention provides an apparatus for separating a relatively large volume of blood into cellular and acellular fractions without the need for centrifugation. The apparatus comprises a housing divided by a fibrous filter into a blood sample collection chamber having a volume of at least about 1 milliliter and a serum sample collection chamber. The fibrous filter has a pore size of less than about 3 microns, and is coated with a mixture of mannitol and plasma fraction protein (or an animal or vegetable equivalent thereof). The coating causes the cellular fraction to be trapped by the small pores, leaving the cellular fraction intact on the fibrous filter while the acellular fraction passes through the filter for collection in unaltered form from the serum sample collection chamber.

Abstract: The invention at hand relates to a micro-filter disc based on kieselguhr, also known as diatomaceous earth, particularly for a complete sterilization of water. The micro-filter disc contains at least two kinds of silicately bonded kieselguhr at least one of which is pre-calcined and later burnt or sintered. The micro-filter disc has pore sizes in preferred magnitudes of 0.1 to 0.3.mu. whereby bacteria are mechanically and safely retained. A method is disclosed making possible the use of three kinds of kieselguhr and kaolin in connection with a careful drying and sintering thereafter. Thereby, it is possible to produce discs having diameters larger than 35 cm and a thickness of 1 to 1.5 cm. Such discs can be cleaned by way of rotating brushes slightly scraping off the discs. This enhances a simple construction of self-cleaning filter installations. The thus constructed filter installations require very little service and can be serviced by inexperienced operators.

Abstract: A filter element includes a bundle of hollow fibers made of first polyolefin. The bundle has at least one end sealed with second polyolefin having an average molecular weight in the range of 1,000 to 16,000. The filter element is produced by a method including the steps of fusing the second polyolefin having a fusion point lower than that of the first polyolefin, attaching the fused second polyolefin to at least one end of the bundle, allowing the attached second polyolefin to set, thereby providing the bundle with a sealed portion, and cutting off the leading end of the sealed portion.

Abstract: A substantially cylindrical, unitized filter element for separating contaminant material from a flowing media includes an outer, substantially cylindrical wall portion which is fabricated by a two step process involving both a compacting step followed by a sintering step. The result of these processing steps is to create a rigid, porous filtering matrix. The filter element also includes an inner, substantially cylindrical wall portion which is also constructed through a two step process of a granular material which has been compacted and sintered into a rigid and porous filtering matrix. Disposed between the two cylindrical wall portions is a substantially cylindrical structural support member which is fabricated from a non-restrictive material and a material which is compatible with the material selected for the inner and outer wall portions.

Abstract: A filter for removing particulate matter from water flowing into an inlet, such as a catch basin is disclosed. The filter may comprise an envelope of filter material adapted to receive an inlet cover device, such as a catch basin grate. The inlet device may be inserted within the envelope and placed in an opening of the inlet. Water, for example, may then be double filtered before entering the inlet. A roll filter comprising porous material is also disclosed that may be used in combination or alone when filtering runoff entering a curb drain or other inlet.

Abstract: A filtering apparatus comprises a housing having a blood inlet and a blood outlet as well as a vent which are formed protrudingly from the housing. A filtering element is provided inside the housing to partition the inside of the housing into a first space and a second space. The filtering element is made from a porous material folded to have a plurality of pleats, the pleated material being arranged to form a hollow truncated cone with the pleats radiating outward. The opening at the top portion of the filtering element is sealed with a filling material. The filling material has a bottom surface that includes a central portion which protrudes into the second space, and this allows a pleat intersecting portion at the outer circumference of the bottom surface to have an inclined surface with respect to the horizontal.

Abstract: A micropore filter of discrete flow-through pores of highly controlled pore configuration and dimensions is formed by bonding platelets into a laminate, each platelet having been etched, preferably by a combination of electropolishing and photoetching techniques, to form depth-etched passages and through-etched passages, respectively. The filter is housed in a module which contains wiper blades for periodically removing deposited debris from the filter surface.

Abstract: There is provided a fiber bed for removing liquid aerosols and soluble solids from a gas stream in a fiber bed mist eliminator. The fiber bed is in the form of a flexible mat having a void fraction of greater than about 0.89 and greater than about 700 net collection targets. The mat includes a layer of collecting fibers having an average fiber diameter between about 1 and about 5 .mu.m. The collecting fibers are stabilized by a plurality of stabilizing fibers which penetrate into and are disposed interstitially within the collecting fiber layer. The improved fiber bed of the present invention is field-replaceable and, by utilizing fibers having a small average diameter, the thickness of the fiber bed may be reduced.

Abstract: A disposable device for filtration and collection of blood during a surgical operation, which device comprises a housing with a cup-shaped portion, in which a wall section is forming a ledge in the reservoir inside the housing. A first self-supporting filtration element for venuous blood is upstanding from the ledge, and a second filtration element for cardiotomy blood is suspended from the cover, the two elements being arranged side by side in a parallel relationship. The filter elements have an elongate, oval cross-section.

Abstract: Improved apparatus and process for filtering cooking oil of the type used in deep fat fryers such as are used in restaurants and bakeries. Full cooking temperature oil from the fryer vat is forcefully moved by a motorized pump through a canister holding a sintered metal filter which is preferably made of fused Stainless steel granules and which will filter-out solid particles down to about 0.5 microns in dimension from the oil. The hot oil passes through the filter before the filtered hot oil is returned to the fryer vat through a hand held flexible dispensing hose. The canister includes an openable lid to allow repeated removal, washing and re-installation of the highly durable and reuseable sintered stainless steel filter. One preferred embodiment in accordance with the invention is a portable unit mounted on wheels so it can be rolled from one fryer to another fryer and then to an out of the way storage area.

Abstract: The device (1) separates two components of a mixture (11) of non-miscible liquids, especially water or salt water and oils. The device (1) consists of a hollow body (2), having an inlet port (4) to feed the mixture (11) and outlet ports (5,6) to discharge the separated components, and a filter (7) formed of a loosely packed hydrophilic material (8) in fibers, and positioned between the inlet port (4) and the outlet port (5) of the separated water. The filter (7), when soaked with clean water, lets through only the water component of the mixture (11), while the oil component is repelled therefrom. The method separates the components of a mixture of non-miscible liquids, making use of the device specified heretofore.

Abstract: Methods, systems and devices for processing fluid provide for contacting the fluid with iodine.

Abstract: An oil filter utilizes a thermoplastic material having oil oxidation and acidification arresting additives mounted in a casing between a particle filtering material (such as cotton fibers) and a felt pad. The thermoplastic material is desirably high molecular polypropylene in the form of rice-shaped pellets, or spaghetti-shaped strands. The additives comprise about 10-17 weight % of the thermoplastic material/additive combination, and as the thermoplastic material is dissolved by above ambient temperature oil, the additives are released. The thermoplastic material pellets or strands are formed by mixing anti-oxidation and anti-acidification additives with liquid thermoplastic material to form a mixture, extruding the mixture into spaghetti like strands having a thickness of about 0.0625-0.125 inches, cooling the strands, cutting the strands into discrete elements, and then placing the discrete elements into an oil filter held in place to contact oil and to gradually dissolve to release the additives.

Abstract: A blood filtration device encapsulates a filter pad assembly Within a flexible housing. The filter pad assembly includes first and second filter media layers. A first heat and pressure sealed region integrally bonds the peripheries of the first and second media layers together. The flexible housing comprises a peripheral rim aligned with the first heat and pressure sealed region of the first media layer. A second heat and pressure sealed region, formed after the first heat and pressure sealed region, joins the rim of the flexible housing to the first heat and pressure sealed region, thereby forming a composite seal that encapsulates the filter pad assembly within the housing.

Abstract: An improved device and method of separating the cellular components of whole blood from plasma or serum and assaying the plasma or serum for a predetermined soluble constituent are disclosed. The device includes a filter pad, that separates the cellular components of whole blood from the serum or plasma, and a test pad, that assays the serum or plasma for a predetermined soluble constituent. The filter pad effectively separates and retains cellular components of the whole blood sample, thereby eliminating assay interference by the cellular components of whole blood.

Abstract: The invention concerns an inorganic filtration unit for a liquid medium (2) with a view to recovering a filtrate, the unit comprising at least one inorganic, rigid, porous structure (A), presenting first (a.sub.1) and second (a.sub.2) principal faces opposite each other, at least one cavity (4) being arranged in the structure at a distance from the two faces, defining bearings (6), the cavity or the principal faces being coated with at least one separating layer (3). According to the invention, the porous structure (A) comprises at least one channel (8) with tight walls opening out on the two faces (a.sub.1 and a.sub.2) and arranged to traverse a bearing (6), with a view to constituting a first circulation network (R.sub.1) tight with respect to the cavity (4).

Abstract: A ceramic fiber reinforced filter is prepared by depositing a thin filtration layer of preselected pore size on a more porous ceramic support. The filter is characterized by a low pressure drop across the filtration layer in operation and easy back pressure pulse cleaning.

Abstract: Apparatus for washing-down serigraphical frames by means of a cleaning liquid comprises a sing-like unit having V or U-shaped ends, in which unit the serigraphical frames are placed, a scavenging hose with affixed brush, a filter section, a circulation pump, a sludge discharge system and a recirculation system for liquid. The filter section comprises a filter tray having V or U shaped cross-sections and a loosely fitted recovable filter mat of a chemically resistant material, preferably a polyester coating glass fibre material or polypropylene, with optimum surface. The collected sludge is discharged at intervals through the bottom of the tank unit, the unit cleaning liquid is recirculated continuously after filtration and added with fresh cleaning liquid. The apparatus is equipped with a double-acting suction system for vapours from the cleaning liquid and involves substantial advantages to the working environment.

Abstract: A filter assembly and a method of making a filter assembly is described wherein a filter pack is seated in an end cap and contacted with a particulate material and a settling liquid of low viscosity to form a filter assemblage. The filter assemblage is sintered to form a strong, virtually impermeable bond therebetween.

Abstract: Improved high capacity fluid filter assemblies (10, 58) especially adapted for racing vehicles are provided. The assemblies (10, 58) include an elongated, rigid tubular outer casing (12) with endmost fittings (22, 60, 24) permitting flow of fluid through the casing (12). An elongated filtering element (14) formed of sintered bronze is located within the casing (12) and has a length at least three times the maximum outer dimension of the filtering element (14). In order to promote flow of fluid through the filtering element, a continuous fluid zone (52) is provided within the casing (12) outboard of the filtering element (14). A secondary sintered bronze filtering member (54) may be secured within the outlet end fitting (24).

Abstract: Filters for filtering molten light metals comprise a reticular foam formed from a composition comprising graphite, wollastonite, silica and a borosilicate glass and consist of a crystalline phase comprising graphite and wollastonite dispersed in a substantially amorphous matrix of borosilicate glass. The filters can readily be machined accurately from large pieces of the filter material, and they do not pick up moisture from the atmosphere when stored.

Abstract: A bacteria-supporting medium of synthetic resin has a spiral shape with a relatively small pitch, and comprises plural S-shaped portions continuous with each other and defined at outer boundarios by a continuous winding line. Each S-shaped portion extends radially, and includes an upwardly-expanding part and a downwardly-expanding part. These parts are tapered toward a central opening.

Abstract: A sports bottle includes a generally cylindrical hollow vessel having a liquid chamber formed therein and a closed end bottom. The generally cylindrical vessel further defines a reduced diameter neck portion and an upper chamber terminating in an upwardly facing mouth. The upper chamber supports a porous antisplash element preferably formed of a coarse porous foam material plastic or the like. An elongated tubular straw extends from the bottom surface within the vessel upwardly through the neck portion and through the antisplash element and beyond the mouth to form an upwardly extending end which receives a flexible mouth tube which is preferably curved toward the user when the sports bottle is secured to a conventional bicycle. In alternate embodiments, the antisplash element within the upper chamber of the vessel is formed of a plurality of tubular members defining passages therethrough and grouped together to form a generally cylindrical multipassage combination.

Abstract: A filter for removing leukocytes and thrombocytes from a solution containing blood components, such as CRC, comprises a filter material having a first surface serving as an inlet surface and a second surface serving as an outlet surface. The outlet surface has a positive zeta potential greater than that of the inlet surface in an electrolyte solution having a pH value of 5.0 to 7.0.

Abstract: A leukocyte remover includes a housing having a blood inlet, a blood outlet, and a leukocyte-separating filter disposed in the housing such that it partitions the interior of the housing into a blood inlet portion and a blood outlet portion. The leukocyte filter is composed of one or more three-dimensionally reticular, porous members with continuous open pores having a most frequent pore diameter of 1 .mu.m to 5 .mu.m and a ratio of a weight-average pore diameter to a number-average pore diameter in the range of 1.5 to 2.5.

Abstract: The present invention relates to apparatus for transferring constituents into and out of a fluid such as blood. The apparatus includes a biphasic foam body which functions as a blood oxygenator, blood dialyzer, or other blood mass transfer device.

Abstract: Bonded end capped tubular or cylindrical filter elements are formed by fusing a fibrous mass of non-woven, intertwining, mechanically entangled, synthetic polymeric, microfibers possessing a temperature of dimensional heat instability and end caps formed from a dynamic vulcanizate comprising ethylene-propylene-diene-monomer (EPDM) rubber particles dispersed in a polypropylene matrix wherein the fused end capped filter exhibits minimal fiber pull back.

Abstract: A porous filter medium is formed by a pleated cylinder of a depth filter medium. An absolute rated inner filtration layer is arranged between upstream and downstream drainage layers. The depth filter medium is formed from a continuous sleeve. Additionally or alternatively at least the downstream drainage layer may be formed integrally with at least a part of an inner filtration layer. The material of the medium may be a fibrous mass of non-woven synthetic polymeric micro-fibres which are free of fibre-to-fibre bonding and are secured to each other by mechanical entanglement or intertwining, with the diameter of the fibrous structure varying across the medium.

Abstract: A filter for use in a concrete press mould, the filter comprising a fabric being knit or woven at least in part from heat meltable yarns and having a fabric density which permits the passage of water therethrough but prohibits the passage of particulate material, the filter being bounded around its periphery with at least one continuous imperforate band integrally formed with the fabric by fusion of said heat meltable yarns.

Abstract: Improved apparatus and method for installing a filter sleeve in filtration apparatus is provided. In its basic form, the present invention uses a filter sleeve with a pre-installed end cap bonded to at least one of its ends. Through use of a bonding process such as sonic welding, the end cap and filter sleeve form a tight seal with one another which is durable and quite resistant to leakage. The end cap can be provided with receptacles to allow for ready interface with existing filtration apparatus, eliminating presently utilized mounting procedures which can be ineffective, burdensome, and time consuming. Additionally, improved method is also provided for securely sealing the opposite end of the filter sleeve.

Abstract: There is provided a composite ceramic foam filter having an outer edge which is surrounded by a protective sleeve, with the outer edge of the filter being bonded to the inner surface of the sleeve. The composite is preferably made by forming a ceramic sleeve having an opening therein, and forming a ceramic foam filter of a size and shape to fit the opening in the sleeve; placing the filter into the sleeve opening thereby forming a composite; and drying and firing the composite thereby bonding the filter to the sleeve, resulting in a single piece. Alternatively, a dried foam filter could be placed into the opening of an unfired sleeve and the two pieces are then fired together.

Abstract: A suction head for a fuel line of a fuel tank, especially for hand-held working tools such as motor chainsaws, has a cup-shaped housing made of plastic and comprising a mantle wall with cutouts and an end face with an opening. A filter mesh is covering the cutouts. A filter insert is inserted into the housing through the opening in the end face. A cap made of plastic and having a connector for the fuel line is sealingly connected to the end face with the opening.

Abstract: Porous monolithic ceramic support substrates, well suited for consolidating inorganic filtration membranes thereto, e.g., micro/ultrafiltration membranes, to provide composite inorganic micro/ultrafiltration devices, have a mean equivalent pore diameter Ds ranging from 1 to 20 .mu.m and a pore volume greater than 30%, and comprise ceramic alumina particulates at least partially coated with TiO.sub.2 particles, wherein the percentage by weight of TiO.sub.2, with respect to the total weight of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 plus TiO.sub.2, ranges from 1% to 75%.

Abstract: A cylindrical support member consists of a bone-like porous ceramic member and a ceramic porous network member having a three-dimensional network structure provided outside the bone-like member so as to constitute an integral part. A ceramic membrane having a smaller pore size and serving as a filter membrane is formed on the exposed surface of the bone-like member and the surfaces of the struts of the network member by a ceramic-slurry foaming technique.

Abstract: A filter septum is constructed with a stainless steel sheet microscreen element which has uniformly distributed apertures through which a liquid to be filtered is passed from an inlet side to an exit side of the element. The apertures are preferably tapered from a larger diameter at the inlet side to a smaller diameter at the exit side of the microscreen element. A supporting metal base plate having rows of uniformly distributed holes which are larger then the apertures is brazed to the microscreen element bonding the exit side of the microscreen element to the inlet side of the base plate. Preferably the inlet side of the microscreen element is Teflon.RTM. coated.

Abstract: A method of making a filter assembly is described wherein a filter pack is seated in an end cap and contacted with a mixture comprising a binder and a particulate material including a low temperature component and a high temperature component. The filter pack, the end cap, and the particulate material are heat treated to form a strong, effective bond.

Abstract: A filter body comprised of molecular sieve material and polyphenylene sulfide is disclosed. This filter body has a density of from about 10 to about 25 grams per cubic inch, a compressive strength of at least about 500 pounds per square inch, a pressure drop of from about 5 to about 20 inches, a water pickup of at least about 11 weight percent, and an initial 24-hour water pickup of at least about 6 weight percent.

Abstract: A centrifuge basket shell formed by winding fiber-reinforced resin tape in a helical pattern over a thin shell plate which contains a plurality of holes for the passage of liquid therethrough, perforations being formed in the helix pattern of the wound tape by means of respective hollow ferrules connected rigidly to a cylindrical part of the shell plate, so as to enable liquid which passes through said holes in the shell plate to pass also through the helices of wound tape without increasing the stresses induced therein by rotation.

Abstract: A method of control of the porosity of wells with a fibrous fluid blocking layer disposed on formation faces is provided. By means of mineral fiber pellets of critical dimensions wherein the mineral fibers are highly soluble in acid, a fluid blocking layer formed of semi-dispersed pellets can bridge formation face pores subject to removal at will by acid treatment. Thus after well rework the plugging layer is treated by an acid solution after sealing the formation faces to prevent fluid losses to quickly dissolve the mineral fibers to the desired extent for control the porosity. A novel well workover product making the method possible is formed from raw material clinkers of highly acid soluble mineral fibers of between 5 to 15 microns in diameter by grinding in a hammermill into pellets of a range of 1/32 inch to 1/2 inch in diameter with an average being between 1/16 inch to 1/8 inch and with fiber lengths between 1/64 inch to 3/8 inch.

Abstract: Mineral salts formed during steam generation are preferentially deposited on one or more non-woven, porous mats made of fiber-forming synthetic resin.

Abstract: Gases such as hydrogen/hydrocarbon may be separated by a separating membrane of a Group VIII noble metal on a deposit of non-noble Group VIII metal which is supported on a porous silver or a porous carbon body.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a solid-phase synthesizer using a reaction vessel which comprises a polyalkylene filter or ceramic filter packed in the bottom portion thereof. The reaction vessel used in the solid-phase synthesizer of the present invention can be used as a disposable reaction vessel. The reaction vessel in the present invention is free of resin adherence to the reaction vessel wall when the solid-phase resin is packed in the reaction vessel, as seen in conventional glass reaction vessels, and it requires no pretreatment such as acid treatment because clogging does not occur because of the use of a polymeric resin instead of a glass filter.

Abstract: A process for producing a porous ceramic, ceramic composite or metal-ceramic composite structure by combustion synthesis wherein a foamed polymer shape is impregnated with a slurry of ceramic precursors and ignited to initiate combustion synthesis, thereby obtaining a ceramic, ceramic composite or metal-ceramic composite article having interconnected porosity. Ceramic composite filters having improved strength, toughness and thermal shock resistance are provided, with the ceramic composite being an oxide and a nonoxide.

Abstract: A porous filter medium is formed by a pleated cylinder of a depth filter medium. An absolute rated inner filtration layer is arranged between upstream and downstream drainage layers. The depth filter medium is formed from a continuous sleeve. Additionally or alternatively at least the downstream drainage layer may be formed integrally with at least a part of an inner filtration layer. The material of the medium may be a fibrous mass of non-woven synthetic polymeric micro-fibers which are free of fiber-to-fiber bonding and are secured to each other by mechanical entanglement or intertwining, with the diameter of the fibrous structure varying across the medium.

Abstract: In a high speed upward flow filtration apparatus, an upper perforated panel for receiving a fibrous lump is secured to a circumferential side plate for receiving the fibrous lump. A lower movable perforated panel for receiving the fibrous lump is vertically moved by a vertical motion cylinder, and fitted into the circumferential side plate for receiving the fibrous lump under the upper perforated panel for receiving the fibrous lump. A filter layer is formed by filling the fibrous lump between the upper perforated panel for receiving the fibrous lump and the lower movable perforated panel for receiving the fibrous lump. An unfiltered water supply diffuser is provided under the lower movable perforated panel for receiving the fibrous lump. The lower movable perforated panel is raised by the vertical moving cylinder to form a dense and uniform filter layer and to implement a high performance filtration.

Abstract: The present invention relates to apparatus for transferring constituents into and out of a fluid such as blood. The apparatus includes a biphasic foam body which functions as a blood oxygenator, blood dialyzer, or other blood mass transfer device.

Abstract: A hollow fiber membrane fluid treatment apparatus for the transfer of mass or energy through the membrane is disclosed. It is designed particularly, but not only, for use in membrane oxygenators. Hollow fiber membranes extend substantially longitudinally, first inert fibers are spaced between them and also extend substantially longitudinally. Second inert fibers extend generally transverse to the hollow fibers and generally contiguous therewith, so that a first fluid (preferably an oxygen-containing gas) can pass through the hollow fibers and a second fluid (preferably blood) can be passed over their exterior for mass or energy transfer through the membrane.