Abstract: A description is given of a multistage process for treating water, wherein a water stream is purified in a membrane separation stage and a downstream deionization unit having at least one concentrate chamber and at least one diluate chamber, wherein the water stream is separated in the membrane separation device into a concentrate stream and at least two permeate streams of different electrical conductivity, and wherein at least the permeate stream having the highest electrical conductivity is fed at least partially into the at least one concentrate chamber and at least the permeate stream having the lowest electrical conductivity is fed at least partially into the at least one diluate chamber of the downstream deionization unit.

Abstract: The invention described herein teaches methods of removing microvesicular particles, which include but are not limited to exosomes, from the systemic circulation of a subject in need thereof with the goal of reversing antigen-specific and antigen-nonspecific immune suppression. Said microvesicular particles could be generated by host cells that have been reprogrammed by neoplastic tissue, or the neoplastic tissue itself. Compositions of matter, medical devices, and novel utilities of existing medical devices are disclosed.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed to systems and methods for purifying fluids, such as water. In some embodiments, the water is first filtered by known filtering methods, such as by reverse osmosis or distillation. Once a flow is sensed in the fluid, electrolyte is added to the filtered fluid. Oxygen and hydrogen gas is then formed in the electrolytic filtered fluid via electrolysis to provide a treated fluid.

Abstract: A process for removing silicon compounds from aqueous NaCl brine includes, first, adjusting a weak brine to a pH value of less than 3 with hydrochloric acid. Iron(III) chloride or other trivalent iron ions are added to the acidified weak brine, the obtained weak brine is then continuously fed to a stirred dissolution vessel which contains undissolved salt in addition to brine. Fresh salt is charged batch-wise and intermittently to the dissolution vessel to produce strong brine. The obtained strong brine is fed to a stirred buffer vessel, the pH value in this buffer vessel being maintained at a level ranging from 5 to 8. A strong-brine flow is continuously withdrawn from the buffer vessel and filtered, and the filtrate containing the added iron and silicon is discharged. Also a system for carrying out this process is disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a filtering device comprising clay minerals for the filtration of aqueous solutions used in biochemical and molecular biological applications. In particular, the present invention relates to the removal of undesired proteins from aqueous solutions by filtration through a filter comprising clay minerals.

Abstract: We have now discovered a novel process for the removal or extraction of metal species from a variety of solid, liquid or gas phase materials. Metal species may be removed by contacting the material suspected of containing one or more metals with a thiolated fatty acid or ester thereof for a period of time and under conditions effective for the sequestration of the metal species by the thiolated fatty acid or ester thereof. The thiolated fatty acid or ester thereof comprising sequestered metal species may then be separated and recovered from the treated material. Moreover, following the treatment of aqueous liquids or mixtures, or suspensions or dispersions of solids in aqueous liquids, the resultant thiolated fatty acid or ester thereof comprising the sequestered metal species is insoluble in water and forms a separate layer from the aqueous liquid phase, which layer may be readily removed.

Abstract: Provided is a method for treating a hexavalent chromium-containing aqueous solution by water treatment employing a titanium dioxide photocatalyst that is excellent in both photocatalytic activity and solid-liquid separation performance. The method according to the present disclosure includes the steps of: adding catalyst particles to the aqueous solution; reducing hexavalent chromium by irradiating the aqueous solution with light having a wavelength of 200 nanometers or more and 400 nanometers or less while stirring the catalyst particles in the aqueous solution; and stopping the stirring and separating the catalyst particles from the aqueous solution by sedimentation. Each catalyst particle is composed only of a titanium dioxide particle and a zeolite particle, the titanium dioxide particle is adsorbed on the outer surface of the zeolite particle, the zeolite particle has a silica/alumina molar ratio of 10 or more, and the catalyst particles are contained in the aqueous solution at a concentration of 0.

Abstract: Processes and systems for treating high salinity aqueous liquids containing dissolved minerals, suspended solids, colloidal solids, free oil and grease, dissolved organics, and dissolved hydrocarbons. The liquid is passed into an electrocoagulation system in fluid communication with a solids removal clarifier, pressurized ultrafiltration system, the draw side of forward osmosis, and a dilute draw water reverse osmosis system. Impaired water with high sulfate content is used as a source of deionized water for dilution of the forward osmosis draw solution. After concentration, the forward osmosis feed solution is further treated by lime soda softening and sludge from the softening system may be recycled to increase hardness precipitation and silica removal, the outfall from which may be treated by a separate ultrafiltration system and a feed water reverse osmosis system. Concentrate from the feed water reverse osmosis system can be treated to offer a zero liquid or near zero liquid discharge.

Abstract: Provided is a method for treating an arsenic-containing aqueous solution by water treatment employing a titanium dioxide photocatalyst that is excellent in both photocatalytic activity and solid-liquid separation performance. The method according to the present disclosure includes the steps of adding catalyst particles to the aqueous solution; oxidizing trivalent arsenic by irradiating the aqueous solution with light having a wavelength of 200 nanometers or more and 400 nanometers or less while stirring the catalyst particles in the aqueous solution; and stopping the stirring and separating the catalyst particles from the aqueous solution by sedimentation. Each catalyst particle is composed only of a titanium dioxide particle and a zeolite particle, the titanium dioxide particle is adsorbed on the outer surface of the zeolite particle, the zeolite particle has a silica/alumina molar ratio of 10 or more, and the catalyst particles are contained in the aqueous solution at a concentration of 0.

Abstract: A process for treating a water stream containing dissolved organic carbon and dissolved salts comprises subjecting the water stream to reverse osmosis after a pre-treatment step to reduce the amount of dissolved organic carbon directed in water to the reverse osmosis treatment step. The preferred pre-treatment step is a membrane treatment step such as nanofiltration. The process enables treatment of complex effluents including mixtures of domestic and industrial effluents. Treated water may be recycled and a treatment plant (100) employing the process forms another aspect of the invention.

Abstract: A method is provided for recycling and treating the wastes of silicon wafer cutting and polishing processes. To begin with, a dewatered filter cake is mixed with water so that the filter cake is diluted to form a working fluid. The water reacts with silicon in the filter cake to produce silicon dioxide and hydrogen. After the hydrogen is extracted for storage, specific gravity separation takes place via water so that silicon carbide and silicon particles are separated for sorting. Then, solid-liquid separation is performed on the remaining working fluid to separate silicon dioxide (solid) from water and PEG (liquid), before PEG is separated from water. Thus, the useful silicon particles, silicon carbide, silicon dioxide, and PEG are recycled from the filter cake to reduce the total amount of wastes. Moreover, as the side product, hydrogen, is of high commercial value, the method also adds value to recycling.

Abstract: A method for forming a molecularly imprinted polymer biosensor includes: (a) preparing a reaction solution including an imprinting molecule, a functional monomer, an initiator, and a crosslinking agent; (b) disposing the reaction solution in a space between upper and lower substrates each of which is made of a light-transmissible material; (c) disposing on the upper substrate a photomask having a patterned hole; (d) irradiating the reaction solution through the patterned hole of the photomask and the upper substrate so that the reaction solution undergoes polymerization to form a polymer between the upper and lower substrates; (e) removing the upper substrate after the polymer is formed on the lower substrate; and (f) extracting the imprinting molecule from the polymer so that a patterned molecularly imprinted polymer film is formed on the lower substrate.

Abstract: A purifying device and a process for deeply treating printing and dyeing wastewater are provided. The device includes a nanometer catalytic microelectrolysis system, a membrane filtration and separation system and a a membrane washing regeneration system. The method includes the following steps of: drawing the printing and dyeing wastewater by a first water pump (12), pumping a first part of the wastewater into a nanometer catalytic microelectrolysis tank (13) to perform catalysis microelectrolysis, and a second part of the wastewater into a neutralization tank (16) to mix with the water from the nanometer catalytic microelectrolysis tank (13) to precipitate, filtering the wastewater by a sand filtration tank (17), and then pumping the wastewater into an adsorption and filteration device of granular active carbon (18) for adsorption and filtration. The process has lower cost and higher energy efficiency, and can realize recycled water to be reused.

Abstract: This invention relates to a lignin sorbent, a lignin removal unit, a biorefinery, a process for removing lignin, a process for binding lignin, and a renewable material. The lignin sorbent includes a substrate, and a lignin binding material dispersed with respect to the substrate. The lignin binding process includes the step of adding a lignin binding material to an input stream, and the step of converting the input stream into a renewable material.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for extracorporeal removal of harmful agents from blood or blood com-Components, comprising full length heparin immobilized on a solid substrate by covalent end point attachment. The present invention also relates to a method for extracorporeal removal of a harmful agent from mammalian blood or blood components. The present invention further relates to a process for covalent end point attachment of full length heparin to a solid substrate.

Abstract: In a process for mine waters, a hardness-free, alkaline reagent is first added at least once to the mine water that is to be worked up, whereby metals are sedimented or precipitated out as hydroxides from the mine water that is to be worked up. The precipitated metal hydroxides are separated off and the remaining mine water is further treated by adding a hardness-forming precipitation reagent, whereby gypsum, in particular in the form of gypsum mud, is precipitated out from the then metal-free mine water that is to be worked up. Thus a sequential separation of the metals and the sulphate from the mine water that is to be worked up proceed via corresponding precipitation using respectively corresponding precipitation chemicals, wherein, in the gypsum precipitation following the metal precipitation, a metal-free gypsum mud is produced that is safe to landfill.

Abstract: The present invention includes an apparatus and method for removing oil from a oil-containing liquid comprising oil and gas comprising: a source of oil-containing liquid; and a membrane contactor system in fluid communication with the source of oil-containing liquid, the membrane contactor system comprising one or more membrane contactors having a first and a second surface, wherein the first surface coalesces oil and removes gas from the oil-containing liquid, and the oil and gas are collected on the second surface from the oil-containing liquid.

Abstract: Clogging of membrane by slime adhesion is efficiently prevented and stable treatment can be carried out for a long period of time at a low cost by a small amount of chemicals without the membrane deterioration and trihalomethane formation even if applied to the water having a large number of viable cell counts and having water quality of harsh. The method comprises supplying water to be treated to a membrane separation apparatus 4, adding intermittently to the water to be treated a combined chlorine agent comprising sulfamic compound, and repeating a non-addition feeding period in which water to be treated is supplied for 6-120 hours without addition of combined chlorine agent, and an intermittent addition feeding period in which water to be treated is supplied for 0.

Abstract: Alkaline solutions resulting from extracting sulfide from hydrocarbon fluids can be treated in a combination of one or more electrodialysis cells and a bioreactor. The electrodialysis cell (2) includes an anode (4), a cathode (5), an electric power supply (7) and a first (12) and a second (11) compartment separated from each other by an anion exchange membrane (9). The alkaline solution is fed into the first compartment at the cathode side and the diluate (sulfide-depleted stream) leaving the first compartment has a lowered sulfide content and can be reused as the alkaline extractant solution. The concentrate (sulfide-enriched stream) leaving the second compartment is treated in the bioreactor (3) for removing sulfide and is then returned.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for removing biopolymer aggregates and viruses from a fluid. In a first step, the biopolymer aggregates are selectively removed by filtration through a porous, polyamide-comprising shaped body having a native surface. In a second step, the biopolymer aggregate-free fluid is filtered through at least one suitable virus-retentive membrane.

Abstract: The invention relates to apparatuses, systems, and methods for the treatment of contaminated fluids, in particular water. The system is generally a continuous flow system including a multi-stage cavitation device, an electrocoagulation device, and an air flotation unit. The electrocoagulation device includes a plurality of interweaved cathode and anode plates. The anode plates are coated with an oxygen generating mixed-metal oxide coating. The air flotation unit includes a cavitation aerator and electrode blocks to introduce air bubbles into the fluid. Contaminants attach to the air bubbles and float to the fluid surface where they are removed as sludge. Treated fluid is passed through a final filtration system. The methods involve the processes imparted by the various apparatuses on the fluid.

Abstract: A process for treatment of water. Hardness and non-hydroxide alkalinity are removed from feedwaters in amounts to substantially avoid scaling when concentrated. Sparingly ionizable components in the feedwater are urged toward increased ionization by increasing the pH of the feedwater, and, in an embodiment, up to about pH 10.5, or higher. In this manner, species such as silica become highly ionized, and (a) their rejection by membranes used in the process is significantly increased, and (b) their solubility in the reject stream from the membrane process is significantly increased. Sparingly ionized species such as boron, silica, and TOC are highly rejected, and thus, their passage through the membrane is reduced by a factor of ten or more. Recovery ratios of ninety percent (90%) or higher are achievable with many feedwaters, while simultaneously achieving a substantial reduction in cleaning frequency of membranes used in the process.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for an ozone-based treatment of polluted water are disclosed. The apparatus and the method generally comprise three stages. The first stage is an ozone treatment stage wherein the polluted water is treated with ozone gas. The second stage is a gas-liquid separation stage wherein excess non-dissolved gases, from the ozone treatment stage, are removed from the water whereby the water exiting the gas-liquid separation stage is substantially saturated with dissolved gases and substantially free of non-dissolved gases. The last stage is a membrane filtration stage wherein the gas-saturated water generally undergoes micro-filtration or ultra-filtration. Microbubbles formed during this final stage generally prevent the accumulation of particles and pollutants on the surface of the membranes and/or inside the openings or pores thereof; thereby acting as a self-cleaning mechanism for the membrane filter.

Abstract: The subject invention provides a two-phase liquid-liquid extraction process that enables sorting and separation of single-walled carbon nanotubes based on (n, m) type and/or diameter. The two-phase liquid extraction method of the invention is based upon the selective reaction of certain types of nanotubes with electron withdrawing functional groups as well as the interaction between a phase transfer agent and ionic moieties on the functionalized nanotubes when combined in a two-phase liquid solution. Preferably, the subject invention enables efficient, bulk separation of metallic/semi-metallic nanotubes from semi-conducting nanotubes. More preferably, the subject invention enables efficient, bulk separation of specific (n, m) types of nanotubes.

Abstract: A method for efficiently reducing water content of an object to be treated that contains water without requiring a high-temperature environment such as one exceeding the boiling point of water, and a method for efficiently extracting an oil-soluble substance from an object to be treated that contains water and the oil-soluble substance. A method for reducing water content of an object to be treated and/or extracting an oil-soluble substance in the object to be treated into oil is performed by mixing the object to be treated containing water or water and the oil-soluble substance with an oil at a temperature that is lower than the boiling point of water, at which temperature the oil is a liquid.

Abstract: A process and apparatus treat brackish or non-brackish waters containing an oxidant such as perchlorate. The feed water is converted into a treated water stream and a concentrate stream in an ED, EDR, NF or RO unit. The concentrate passes through an IX resin. The IX resin removes oxidant from the concentrate stream to produce a second treated water stream. The IX resin is periodically regenerated, for example biologically in a fluidised bed reactor in regeneration system. Concentrate that has passed through the IX resin has a reduced concentration of oxidant, preferably a concentration safe for discharge or use. In the case of a brackish feed water, the second treated water stream may be desalted.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a precious metal recovery process in which an acid sulfidic feed material is subjected to acid pressure oxidation and an alkaline sulfidic feed material is subjected to alkaline pressure oxidation, with the discharge slurries from the pressure oxidation processes being combined to reduce neutralization requirements prior to precious metal recovery.

Abstract: Bicarbonate conversion assisted reverse-osmosis (RO) treatment systems for treatment of contaminated water, particularly natural gas flowback water. The systems and processes provide for simultaneous conversion of the primary salt in gas production flowback waters from sodium bicarbonate to sodium sulfate, and flotation removal of organic contaminants, for the enhanced water recovery by RO of these waters. In the systems and processes, RO processes are enhanced by lowering the osmotic potential of the water being processed, by converting the bicarbonate ions to sulfate ions.

Abstract: A standardised, modular mobile water purification unit for the production of safe potable water and for treatment of wastewater is disclosed to fulfill the water need for humans, animals and households. In one embodiment, the unit can be based on a standardized climate-controlled container that is robust both physically and functionally, can be easily transported and quickly set up in remote regions and disaster areas. The unit may work for purification of water of brackish, sea or polluted surface water, and of wastewater, and can be customised to the given water type based on easy changeable treatment modules. The unit includes a rigid frame that can be removed from the container, and also includes a control system for remote monitoring and control of the unit.

Abstract: Hydraulic fracturing produces backflow water that is high in total dissolved solids, hardness and silica. A system to treat backflow water has an electrical separation unit and a reverse osmosis (RO) unit. The electrical separation unit may comprise an electrodialysis device (ED), an electrodialysis reversal (EDR) device or a supercapacitive desalination (SCD) device, or a combination thereof. The electrical separation unit may be combined with a precipitation unit and reduces the TDS and hardness of the backflow water. The RO unit reduces the silica concentration of the backflow water. A pre-treatment unit may further condition backflow water treated in the electrical separation unit to inhibit fouling in the RO unit. The treated backflow water may be suitable for reuse in hydraulic fracturing or discharge.

Abstract: The present application provides an apparatus for removal of an ionic contaminant from a liquid comprising a branched polymer, a filtration membrane, and a filter casing. The application also provides a method of removing an ionic contaminant from a liquid, the method comprising directing ion-contaminated liquid into and draining treated liquid from an apparatus as described in the instant specification.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved method for remineralizing desalinated water. The desalination system includes, but is not limited to, a conventional reverse osmosis membrane system, forward osmosis membrane system, electro dialysis system, Multi Stage Flash (MSF) system, and Multi Effect Distillation (MED) system.

Abstract: Disclosed is a versatile multi-use high water recovery process that integrates the use of water purification membranes including reverse osmosis and nanofiltration with ion exchange water softening resins in a number of configurations that optimize operation and achieve maximum membrane permeate recoveries while eliminating the use of fresh water, sodium chloride and other chemicals needed to regenerate the IX resin. The invention provides process mobility and flexibility that enable selection of optimum process configurations and features to address variability in the Influent Water quality.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of treating water effluent from purging or cleaning steam generator circuits. In characteristic manner, the following steps are performed: filtering the raw effluent to separate insoluble matter from the filtered effluent; and concentrating the filtered effluent to below the solubility limit of the dissolved species so as to obtain a liquid concentrate, the concentration step including at least evapo-concentration treatment and reverse osmosis treatment; the pH of the effluent being adjusted to a value in the range 5 to 6.5.

Abstract: Methods and systems for use of switchable water, which is capable of reversibly switching between an initial ionic strength and an increased ionic strength, is described. The disclosed methods and systems can be used, for example, in distillation-free removal of water from solvents, solutes, or solutions, desalination, clay settling, viscosity switching, etc. Switching from lower to higher ionic strength is readily achieved using low energy methods such as bubbling with C02, CS2 or COS or treatment with Bronsted acids. Switching from higher to lower ionic strength is readily achieved using low energy methods such as bubbling with air, inert gas, heating, agitating, introducing a vacuum or partial vacuum, or any combination or thereof.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for recovery of magnetic nanoparticles, which recovers and reuses magnetic nanoparticles in a forward osmosis membrane filtration process using magnetic nanoparticles as a draw solute so as to maintain a consistent concentration of the draw solution and separate and discharge high-purity fresh water, and apparatus and method for forward osmosis membrane filtration using the same.

Abstract: A system and method for purifying and recycling cold wastewater is provided. Contaminated wastewater is supplied at a temperature no greater than 45° F. through an ultrafilter. The wastewater is fed through a reverse osmosis filter unit. Clean water is reused whereas reject is sent to disposal. Cold temperatures are preferably maintained throughout the treatment process.

Abstract: This method comprises bringing drops to be separated into contact with an interface (40) suitable for allowing an osmotic equilibrium between the content of each drop to be separated. The method comprises an osmotic flow between the drops (20A) of the first group of drops through the interface (40) in order to modify the density of each drop (20A) of the first group of drops and the separation of the drops (20A, 20B) according to the density thereof or a combination of the density and the volume in order to isolate the drops (20A) of the first group of drops from the drops (20B) of a second group of drops.

Abstract: The present application relates to a process for removing an organic compound having one or more positive charges from an aqueous solution, comprising the steps a) provision of the aqueous solution comprising the organic compound and of a hydrophobic organic solution which comprises a liquid cation exchanger, where the liquid cation exchanger is hydrophobic, and where the liquid cation exchanger has one or more negative charges and an overall negative charge, b) contacting the aqueous solution and the organic solution, and c) separating off the organic solution from the aqueous solution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to water purification systems and uses thereof In particular, the present invention relates to the use of water filtration systems to combat Legionella bacterial contamination of industrial and commercial water systems, such as grocery store misting systems.

Abstract: A process comprising contacting deionized water with one or more Strecker sulfonation reaction products of one or more halogenated alkyl ethers in the presence of sulfite, wherein the one or more Strecker sulfonation reaction products each comprise one or more inorganic salts on a dry basis and one or more surfactant components, form a filtration mixture; loading the filtration mixture into a high pressure filtration system containing a membrane having a membrane molecular weight cutoff allowing preferential passage of the inorganic salts, for example, of greater than or equal to 200 Daltons; wherein the high pressure filtration system is operated at a pressure greater than ambient pressure and is configured to cause crossflow of the filtration mixture along a surface of the membrane resulting in a permeate solution which substantially passes through the membrane and a retentate solution which substantially does not pass through the membrane; wherein the permeate comprises less than or equal to 15 weight perc

Abstract: One exemplary embodiment can be a process for purifying a disulfide oil. The process can include obtaining at least a portion of a disulfide oil coalesced from an alkaline stream, and passing the at least a portion of the disulfide oil through a mesh for recovering a purified disulfide oil stream.

Abstract: A method for treatment of raw brines from desalination plants (6) having a total salt content greater than 60 g/l, wherein, inter alia, a magnesium ion-containing solution having a magnesium ion content greater than 1 g/1 at a temperature between 75° C. and 100° C. is passed through a first vertical column (42) containing a bed packing of zeolite A (84) with a flow direction from top to bottom and the raw brine that is to be treated is passed at a temperature of 30° C. to 45° C. through this packed first column (42) in the direction of flow from top to bottom until the calcium ion concentration of the eluate leaving the first column (42) indicates a breakthrough of calcium ions through the bed of zeolite A (44).

Abstract: A method of determining the TOC of a purified water stream is disclosed comprising at least the steps of: passing a supply water stream through a water purification apparatus including an oxidizer to provide a purified water stream, and dispensing at least a portion of the purified water stream; stopping the dispense of the purified water stream and recirculating the purified water stream as a recirculating water stream through at least a portion of the water purification apparatus including the oxidizer to provide a re-oxidized water stream; and measuring the conductivity value of the re-oxidized water stream to determine the TOC of the purified water stream. In this way, a determination of the TOC of the purified water stream of can be provided without requiring a dedicated TOC monitor at the point of dispense of the purified water stream.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a desalination treatment membrane includes a desalting membrane and a base material disposed in close contact with the desalting membrane, the base material being subjected to a silane coupling treatment.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for fabricating an indium(In)-111 radioactive isotope. A target of cadmium(Cd)-112 is processed through steps of dissolving with heat, absorbing, washing, desorbing and drying for obtaining the In-111 radioactive isotope. Thus, chemical separation is coordinated with the target for fabricating the In-111 radioactive isotope with high efficiency and low cost for production procedure.

Abstract: The invention provides waste water treatment processes utilizing an ion exchange resin to remove sulphate anions, while adjusting the pH of the ion exchange loading solution with carbon dioxide gas. The effect of the resin loading reactions is that dissolved sulphate is replaced with sequestered carbon dioxide gas, in the form of dissolved bicarbonate, in the treated water and the cations are not removed from the solution.

Abstract: A process for treatment of water. Hardness and non-hydroxide alkalinity are removed from feedwaters to an extent sufficient to avoid scaling when concentrated. Sparingly ionizable components in the feedwater are urged toward increased ionization by increasing the pH of the feedwater. In this manner, species such as silica become highly ionized, and (a) their rejection by membranes used in the process is significantly increased, and (b) their solubility in the reject stream from the membrane process is significantly increased. Sparingly ionized species such as boron, silica, and TOC are highly rejected. Recovery ratios of ninety percent (90%) or higher are achievable with many feedwaters, while simultaneously achieving a substantial reduction in cleaning frequency of membranes used in the process.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a method to obtain reactive [18F] fluorides in an organic medium suitable for radiolabelling without any azeotropic evaporation step, by the use of a solid phase extraction column containing a modified non-ionic solid support.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a procedure for remineralization of fluids with control over the final turbidity. The said procedure comprises the stages of dosage of the reagents, remineralization and filtration. More specifically, the invention relates to the treatment of water for human consumption, for industrial processes, agricultural use and other applications which require adjustment of parameters such as hardness, alkalinity, pH, Langelier saturation index (LSI), etc.