Abstract: Disinfectants having N,N-bis(3-aminopropyl)octlyamine as the active substance. The disinfectants are characterized by good activity also against mycobacteria, low efficiency loss under protein load and little foaming. The disinfectants are particularly useful for disinfecting surfaces, containers and pipelines, for instance, in the food industry, and for disinfecting instruments, especially automatic instrument disinfection at low temperatures.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating an oxygen containing gas (generally air) and/or water in an appliance such as a refrigerator washing machine, dryer or dishwasher with ozone so as to disinfect the water used within the appliance and use the ozone in the air to disinfect the interior space and the contents of the appliance. Arrangements may be made to provide disinfected water on demand. The ozone containing gas is provided when needed, or in the case of a refrigerator, at a time of the day when the refrigerator is not generally in use. The generator may include a source of ultraviolet radiation, a plenum for the air and a plenum for the water. The plenum for the water may be in the form of a tube which is transparent to ultraviolet. The diameter of the tube is preferably selected so that plug flow of water through the tube occurs. The ozone containing air and the disinfected water may be provided to a location remote from the appliance.

Abstract: Methods for decontaminating fluids such as blood products, particularly platelets or red blood cells, are provided. The methods include mixing substantially non-toxic amounts of an endogenous photosensitizer such as riboflavin, or an endogenously-based derivative photosensitizer, with the fluid, increasing the dissolved oxygen content of the fluid to an amount sufficient to enhance a reaction of the photosensitizer in which singlet oxygen is formed and reduce competing reactions; and exposing the fluid to visible light photoradiation to activate the photosensitizer and substantially inactivate the pathogens. Blood products produced by the method, and systems for carrying out the method are also provided.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and system of water recycling in residential households. A water recycling method includes the steps of collecting water from at least one residential water source and channeling water from at least one residential water source through pipes via gravity to a storage tank. The method includes the steps of filtering and treating the water with a sanitizing agent to remove impurities. The method includes the step of delivering water to the soil and subsoil of the landscape. A water recycling system includes at least one residential water source and a storage tank to collect recycled water from at least one household water source. The pipes are adapted to channel water from at least one residential water source via gravity. A filter and a sanitizing agent can be included to remove impurities. A water delivery device is included to deliver water to the aquifer, soil and subsoil of the landscape.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to disinfecting compositions for dental unit water lines, particularly effective against microbial flora in biofilms which form on the luminal walls of the piping and reservoir components of dental equipment, as well as methods related to the use of such compositions to reduce microbial numbers in water-bearing dental and other equipment and maintain reduced levels on a continuous basis.

Abstract: A fuel recirculation and cleaning assembly comprising a planar surfaced support base, an upright support secured to the support base and a flange extending from support base to form an enclosed area around the planar surface. A filter assembly for separating water from fuel and trapping particulate matter is mounted to the upright support and a discharge pump is fluidly connected to the filter assembly discharge water separated from the fuel by the filter assembly to a water storage tank. A magnetic microbial decontamination device is secured to the upright support and fluidly connected to the filter assembly by a conduit to receive filtered fuel from an outlet of the filter assembly and pass the fuel through a magnetic field which destroys microbial residues in the fuel. A circulation pump is mounted on the support base and is fluidly connected to an outlet of said microbial decontamination device by conduit means to discharge treated fuel to a fuel storage tank.

Abstract: A process for killing microorganisms and controlling biofouling in high chlorine demand waters comprises mixing two components, one of which is an oxidant and the other an ammonium salt, and adding the mixture immediately to the aqueous system to be treated.

Abstract: A method for determining the thickness of a biofilm which is developed on a support which is immersed in an aqueous medium in which a biofilm develops, characterized in that it consists in the following: a) the medium is continuously circulated in an electrochemical cell comprising a reference electrode, an auxiliary electrode and at least one working electrode, b) circulation of said medium is interrupted and the cell is isolated; c) an electrochemical tracer is introduced into the medium present in the cell; d) the medium/tracer solution is circulated in the cell in order to direct a jet of said solution, perpendicular to the working electrode; e) the value of the tracer reduction limiting current is measured and recorded according to the hydrodynamic conditions on the surface of the working electrode; and f) the thickness of the porous layer of biofilm on the surface of the electrode is calculated according to the Koutecky-Levich relation, based on analysis of the transport of material through the porous l

Abstract: A dispenser apparatus for cantileverly mounting in an off-line condition in an axially component of a water system with the dispenser apparatus carrying a water treatment composition therein that can be released into a water system with one embodiment of the dispenser apparatus including a pair of replaceable containers for holding a water treatment composition with the containers serially located so that the water flowing into one container flows into the second container with the second container removable from the first container so that the second water treatment composition can be replenished without having to replenish the water treatment composition in the first container.

Abstract: The invention provided relates to the use of polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine complexes in combination with gelling agents to produce strong disinfectants which not only physically stabilize biohazardous and infectious wastes but also kill pathogens contained in the wastes. The gelling agents include polyacyrlates that are superabsorbents.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of deactivatable biocides in cooling water systems of industrial processes that require dissipation of heat. The present invention relates to methods of inhibiting growth and reproduction of microorganisms in the cooling water comprising adding the deactivatable biocides to the cooling water and irreversibly deactivating the deactivatable biocides before or upon disposal of the cooling water.

Abstract: In a method for giving a biocidal property to a coolant in a fluid cooling circulation, the fluid cooling circulation has at least one device that exhibits at least one metal oxide that is in contact with the coolant, the coolant has a substance added to it that causes an acidic pH value of the coolant, at least for a time, and as a result of the acidic pH value of the coolant, metal ions are released from the metal oxide, these metal ions giving the coolant the biocidal property.

Abstract: There is provided a method of inhibiting the development of a biofilm adjacent a surface, the method comprising intermittently applying a biofilm inhibiting substance to a collection of microorganisms having biofilm developing potential. There is also provided a method of inhibiting the development of a biofilm adjacent a surface, the method comprising inhibiting the biofilm developing potential of a collection of microorganisms without completely eradicating said collection of microorganisms. Also provided are a system for inhibiting the development of a biofilm, and a method and system for inhibiting the production of an enzyme by a collection of microorganisms.

Abstract: A process for the treatment of sludge which produces a dry sludge free of pathogenic and non-pathogenic microorganisms enriched with nitrogen which can be used as a fertilizer, and which uses as raw materials: elemental sulfur, formaldehyde, ammonia, urea, chlorine, and sulphuric acid, and comprises the steps of feeding the sludge into a pre-dryer into which is fed a hot gas stream containing sulfur trioxide produced by the combustion and catalytic oxidation of sulfur with air and finally completely drying the sludge by feeding it into an ammoniator.

Abstract: A system for production of water having dissolved ozone includes a water feeding section, a container part, an ozone feeding part for feeding ozone to a mixing part dissolving ozone in the water, the mixing part drawing water from the lower part of the container, an ozone measuring part for measuring the ozone concentration of the water in the container, a water pump for circulating the water from the lower part to an upper part of the container in dependence of the measured ozone concentration and from the ozone feeding section to the mixing part in dependence of a predetermined ozone concentration, the container having an outlet for water having the predetermined concentration of ozone.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a tabletted water sanitizer having improved stability and controlled solubility is disclosed and method of making the same. The tabletted sanitizer is preferably comprised of calcium hypochlorite and a dissolving rate controlling amount of poly(maleic acid) salt. Preferably, the calcium hypochlorite has at least 60% available chlorine, and most preferably at least 70% available chlorine. The tablet (or briquette) has between about 0.001% and 20% of the poly(maleic acid) salt, preferably sodium poly(maleic acid), calcium poly(maleic acid) or mixtures thereof. Tablets may be formed using any tabletting or briquetting technique commonly known in the art.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and device for preventing the formation of deposits in a drainage system (100). The device (10) includes a container (12, 212), connected by a flexible cord (20) to a stopper (22). An antimicrobial composition (24) is placed in the container and the container is inserted into a drain opening (102). The container moves to the bottom of the trap (106) of the drainage system. The container is preferably located at least partially beneath the water or drainage fluid (110) in the bottom of the trap. The cord and stopper prevent the container from moving beyond the trap. The cord and stopper allow for removal of the container from the drainage system, once the composition has been fully dispensed.

Abstract: A method of controlling algae in a municipal water plant including the step of adding an algicide-flocculant solution including 25-50 wt % acidic flocculent, 0-10 wt % polymer flocculant aid, an algicide consisting essentially of copper having a concentration of 0.025-1.275 wt % in the form of a water soluble copper salt, balance water. The algicide-flocculant solution may be added to the water via a clarifier of the water plant, a basin of the water plant, or a mixing chamber. The mixing chamber may be located within the clarifier, adjacent to the basin, or upstream of the clarifier and/or the basin.

Abstract: Reduced stabilization time of oxidation-reduction potential is achieved in a recreational body of water by baseloading bromide ions and dialkylhydantoin prior to biocidal treatment of the water body with N,N′-dihalo-5,5-dialkylhydantoin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of inhibiting growth and reproduction of microorganisms in rapidly biodegradable hydrocarbonaceous products, containing minor amounts of aqueous liquids. The present invention also relates to rapidly biodegradable hydrocarbonaceous products containing an effective amount of a petroleum-derived hydrocarbonaceous product such that the rapidly biodegradable hydrocarbonaceous product resists visible growth of microorganisms.

Abstract: The inventions of the present disclosure are directed to processes designed to recover water used in certain aspects of the processing of poultry, treat the recovered water to remove solids, fats, oils and greases, animal proteins and pathogenic organisms and to reuse the treated water for poultry processing operations. The processes described herein reduce bacteria and microorganisms associated with the poultry and reuse water. The present disclosure can be employed with an approach that includes unexpected positive results of reacting ozone and chlorine with water being treated for reuse to generate hypochlorous acid and/or other effective biocides. Ozone reacts with fats, oils, and greases, dissolved in the reuse water, to produce specific surface-active agents and surfactants which reduce the surface tension of the water which it is dissolved.

Abstract: A process for preparing a disinfectant for use in swimming pools and the like. The process provides a formulation containing copper sulfate pentahydrate that will remain suspended so long as the formulation is maintained at a temperature above 40° F. The process includes the step of mixing the copper sulfate pentahydrate with water, sulfuric acid and ammonium sulfate at a temperature of 187° F.±10° F., then rapidly cooling the mixture to a temperature of 57-65° F. Colloidal silver or gold added to the formulation before the step of rapidly cooling will also remain suspended. Hydrogen peroxide may be added to enhance the performance of the disinfectant.

Abstract: A water purification system and method suitable for use in swimming pools, spas, hot tubs, water storage tanks, wells and water cooling towers adds (i) an oxidizing agent, preferably granulated or caked chlorine, (ii) metal ions, preferably silver from a galvanic cell having a silver anode electrically connected to a cathode made from a metal of still higher electrochemical potential, normally platinum, and, optionally (iii) an algaecide, preferably chelated copper and/or phosphate-removing compound, and/or (iv) a phosphate-reducing compound, all in synergistic combination. The galvanic cell is preferably some tens of square centimeters in size and some tens of grams in weight, thereby liberating sufficient silver or copper ions so as to aid in treating a multi-thousand liter body of water, such as a swimming pool, for, typically under normal contamination, some weeks to months until the anode is consumed.

Abstract: A water purification device, method and system with the water purification device having a container for holding a water purification material therein with the water purification device including a shroud extending in a direction generally normal to a flow of debris laden water with the shroud inhibiting direct flow of debris into a water inlet in the water purification device by directing water and debris over the shroud and around the water purification device while a portion of the water can be directed laterally into the water purification material within the water purification device to thereby purify the water that flows over the water purification materials with the water purification device including multiple spaced and positioned water inlets so that the likelihood of the water inlet being completely obstructed is remote.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for disinfecting drainage are provided. A bromine-based or iodine-based disinfectant is added to water to obtain disinfecting water, and the disinfecting water is added to predetermined drainage. The apparatus has a device for producing disinfecting water from a disinfectant and drainage, a sand basin, and a channel for introducing the disinfecting water into the sand basin, and the drainage is disinfected while the drainage is dwelling in the sand basin.

Abstract: An ultraviolet disinfection (UV) system for blood including a UV light-ready blood purifier having at least one portal for receiving UV light input from a UV light source that is removably connected to the blood purifier via a connector at the portal. The portal is positioned to provide a focused, controllable UV light output that has at least one UV dose zone for providing effective sterilization of microorganisms and disinfection within the interior of the blood purifier. Also, an ultraviolet disinfection (UV) system for blood purifiers, the system comprising a light source positioned within a housing that is external a blood purifier and capable of being connected thereto via an optical connector. This system includes at least one source optical component positioned between the light source and the UV light output from the housing, thereby producing a focused, controllable UV light output for providing effective sterilization of microorganisms within the at least one blood purifier.

Abstract: A system having a fluid source and a pasteurizer coupled with a disinfectant unit in flow communication with the fluid source for use in disinfecting dental or other water lines. The combination of pasteurizer and disinfectant unit is adapted to receive water from the fluid source. A fluid delivery unit is provided in flow communication with the pasteurizer and disinfectant unit combination. The disinfectant unit has a means for supplying hydrogen and oxygen and a means for generating hydrogen peroxide in flow communication with the means for supplying hydrogen and oxygen.

Abstract: A method for the treatment of pool water with ozone at concentrations less than previously employed. Ozonation, as described herein, provides several distinct advantages including but not limited to inactivation of Cryptosporidium and other water borne microorganisms, reduction of combined chlorine concentrations and oxidation of chloramines.

Abstract: A water purification system for a swimming pool, pond, aquatic mammal tank, spa or fountain, which is simple to operate, low in maintenance, and highly reliable. The system takes advantage of synergistic benefits derived from the combination of ozonation and electrolytic chlorination in the same system. Combining both of the technologies of Ozonation and Electrolysis allows as in-site production of at least one of chlorine dioxide that is used as a disinfectant agent for treating water reservoirs.

Abstract: Methods of inhibiting the growth of organisms in aqueous systems such as papermaking systems, cooling systems and process waters of various types, comprises adding to the aqueous system a hop acid. Compositions comprising hop acids and papermaking suspensions or slurries, and/or additives, such as paper making additives, are also provided.

Abstract: A treatment for a dental water unit system comprises a shock treatment including silver colloid and hydrogen peroxide that stays in the system for an extended period, followed by a flushing of the system and the addition of a maintenance solution comprising at least silver colloid in an amount safe for human consumption.

Abstract: A method of producing Clean Water for Dental Delivery Units is described using colloidal silver to sanitize the water supply of dental water delivery units. The silver compound is generated by means of a proprietary process contained in a U.S. patent application. The Clean Water for Dental Delivery Units method is capable of delivering sterile water to dental patients from existing equipment with complete safety for patients and dental office staff.

Abstract: A device for treating liquid medium has an ultrasound emitter located relative to a compartment of a container holding a liquid medium and a microbubble emitter located relative to the compartment. The ultrasound emitter emits high-frequency ultrasound between about 200 KHz and 10 MHz. The microbubble emitter emits bubbles with an average diameter of less than 1 mm.

Abstract: Upon loading of oil cargo the ullage space of a tank of an oil tanker is sealed substantially gas tight with the gaseous contents of the ullage space both (i) initially inerted so as to be incapable of supporting combustion of any oil within the tank, and (ii) at an initial pressure less than atmosphere. The tank is preferably continued closed, preferably optionally with closed loop recirculation for purposes of gas mixing, for the entire voyage of the tanker save that (1) ullage space gas pressure uncommonly exceeds limits because of any of (i) leakage of atmospheric gases into the tank, and/or (ii) outgassing of gases within the oil contents of the tank, (iii) evaporation of the oil or portions thereof, and/or (iv) expansion of the ullage space gases upon thermal heating, and/or (2) free oxygen within the ullage space gases exceeds limits because of any leakage of atmospheric gases into the tank, at which time the tank is re-inerted, preferably with flue gases, or again de-pressurized, as and when required.

Abstract: A cooling tower water purification system uses an electrical cleaning method by passing water over or through an anode and a cathode. The pH of the water is monitored and adjusted using injected CO2 gas. The water can also be mechanically filter to remove the now dead biofilm and biomass as well as any scale or other debris. An additional embodiment can use an additional device such as a water jet to “stir” the bottom of the cooling tower to increase the efficiency of the filter in removing any built up or remaining biomass, scale or the like.

Abstract: A method of controlling microbial fouling is provided. The method controls microbial fouling using hypobromous acid, HOBr, formed by the reaction between an aqueous solution of alkali or alkaline earth metal hypochlorite and a bromide ion source. The method is characterized in that the alkali or alkaline earth metal hypochlorite or/and the bromide ion source is/are stabilized by the addition of a stabilizer before the hypobromous acid is formed by the reaction there between.

Abstract: A method of increasing the service life of metal working fluids by at least partially inactivating microorganisms in the metalworking fluids includes heating metal working fluids to at least the minimum temperature at which the microorganisms are inactivated on reaching a pre-determined cell density of organic microorganisms.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling the presence and growth of microorganisms and biofilms in water lines is provided. The systems include, for example, a valved, multi-port control manifold for accepting inlet water to be treated and a filter for (1) reducing particulate physical matter, (2) further reducing particulate matter while also reducing the content of absorbable organics, and (3) physically removing microorganisms.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to a system for thermal disinfection of sludge with the aim of pathogen reduction. Such thermal sludge treatment systems require a certain minimum detention time t dependent on the temperature T of the heated sludge. The system according to the present invention is a continuous flow system. The system includes means for continuous sludge heating. The heated sludge flows continuously through at least one chamber, whereby the flow through the chamber has a substantially vertical direction. The mean residence time t2 of the sludge between entering the chamber and leaving the chamber is minimum 2 times the time period t required by regulations for conventional batch systems. The ratio of the flow path length of the flow through the chamber or chambers to the hydraulic diameter of the vertical flow through the chamber or chambers l/d is at least 3:1. The higher the ratio t2/t, the smaller can be the required ratio l/d. The relationship is: l/d*t2/t>8.

Abstract: The present invention is a method for controlling (e.g. inhibiting) the growth of microorganisms or killing microorganisms in an aqueous solution, such as that found in a water treatment facility or papermaking facility. The method includes adding an effective amount of (a) a free halogen-generating biocide, (b) a halogen stabilizer, and (c) a quaternary ammonium compound, a biocidal amine or salt thereof, or mixture thereof to the aqueous solution. The aqueous solution may be water in a recreational facility, an industrial cooling system, a water treatment facility or a water slurry, such as a circulating water slurry, in a papermaking facility. The mixture of the present invention is useful as a slimicide. The quaternary ammonium biocide and/or biocidal amine increase the efficacy of the free halogen-generating biocidal system.

Abstract: Apparatus is described for sanitizing a flow of water recirculated from a body of water such as a swimming pool by a pump (16) having an inlet conduit (10) and an outlet conduit (18) both in fluid communication with the body of water. The apparatus comprises a container (22) which is adapted to hold sources of silver and copper metal and halogen reagent which, under the action of oxidising agents forms colloidal dissolved metals. Metering means (12) is adapted to deliver hydrogen peroxide reagent into the inlet conduit (10). Water is pumped from outlet conduit (18) through feed conduit (20) which is connected to the container (22) and then through return conduit (24) which connects to either inlet conduit (10) or the outlet conduit (18) to a position upstream of the connection of the feed conduit (10) to the outlet conduit (18). The amount of hydrogen peroxide and halogen added are predetermined by the volume of water to be sanitized.

Abstract: A bioremediation method and system for destroying of reducing the level of contaminants in a contaminated subterranean body of water includes a plurality of spaced injection sites. The injection sites extend below ground and intersect a body of groundwater. Each of the plurality of injection sites are in communication with a supply of concentrated oxygen. The oxygen is conveyed by a delivery mechanism from the supply of oxygen to the injection points to naturally reduce the contaminants in the groundwater.

Abstract: Method for removing microbial biofilm from surfaces in contact with an aqueous system is disclosed, which comprises adding to the system a treatment comprising low foaming, ethoxylated anionic surfactant composed of alkyl substituted carboxylated acid or salt thereof and polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene block copolymer.

Abstract: A method for disinfecting and purifying tap water and untreated water using a composite, bactericidal adsorption material as a filter. The method provides efficient and reliable disinfection, with simultaneous purification of water from heavy metal ions and organic matter and improvement of taste and odor. Water is filtered through a composite material containing granules of iodinated anion-exchange resin, granulated activated carbon and silver containing adsorbent, all uniformly distributed between amphoteric fibers. The exterior surface area of the iodine containing anion-exchange resin granules is not more than 1% of the exterior surface area of the amphoteric fibers, and the equivalent content of silver exceeds the equivalent content of iodine.

Abstract: Water treatment systems or assemblies are normally tested after construction, at least for leaks, prior to shipping or storage. Pressure testing with a gas is hazardous, so testing with water is a standard method. After testing, the water is displaced from the system by draining or gas phase flushing. It is nearly impossible to remove all of the water from the system or assembly. This remaining water provides an environment for biological growth which contaminates the system or assembly over time. The purpose of this invention is to eliminate or minimize this biological contamination by adding a biocidal agent to the system or assembly before sealing it for shipment or storage.

Abstract: Provided are methods for substantially removing organic substances from an aqueous solution, wherein the aqueous solution is contacted with a synthetic hydrated calcium silicate. Components that can be removed from aqueous solution include bacterial, plant, algal and fungal components. Exemplary components include endotoxins. The aqueous solution comprises, for example, water, a chemically buffered solution, a pharmaceutical solution, a solution comprising a nutritional supplement, a culture medium, or a growth medium. Other examples include pharmaceutical compendial water and non-compendial water. In one embodiment of the method, the pH of the aqueous solution is maintained at a selected pH to promote the separation, for example, about pH 5.5 to 9.5, or, e.g., about pH 5.5 to 7.5.

Abstract: An oxidizing species is described herein as a reaction product through an in situ preparation combining a protonizable phosphorus or sulfur compound, and a halide source at controlled proportions in an aqueous, non-aqueous, gel, aerosol, solid-phase or powdered media. The oxidizing species can be used to reduce microbial and viral populations on a surface or object or in a body or stream of water. The invention thus finds applications as a bleach, sanitizer, oxidant, or in any other application in which an oxidizing agent can be beneficially used alone or in a formulation.

Abstract: A water treating system utilizes antimicrobial sand filter for killing bacteria and preventing microbial growth. Said antimicrobial sand filter consists of organic quaternary ammonium salt and inorganic metal compound.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for purifying a flow of water, by eliminating any Legionella bacteria present therein which comprises (a) means for providing ozone; (b) means for injecting the ozone into the flow of water, (c) a mixing chamber for mixing the ozone with the flow of water; (d) an outlet for the flow of water, and (e) electronic control means for the operation thereof: wherein the mixing chamber is of an inner geometry such as to create turbulence in the flow of water therein.

Abstract: A method of decontaminating wastewater sludge to a level that meets or exceeds USEPA Process to Further Reduce Pathogens standards, wherein lime or kiln dust and/or other alkaline materials are mixed with wastewater sludge in sufficient quantity to raise the pH of the mixture to 12 and above for a predetermined time and drying the resulting mixture.