Abstract: A weld gun system for detecting the orientation of a weld nut relative to the metallic component to which it is to be welded prior to welding is disclosed. The system includes a lower electrode having a weld location pin, an upper electrode having a central circular recess formed therein, a fluid supply fluidly connected to the central circular recess of the upper electrode, and a pressure switch also fluidly connected to the central circular recess of the upper electrode. Once the weld nut is captured between the electrodes the fluid flows from the fluid supply into the central circular recess of the upper electrode. If the weld nut is in proper orientation the fluid continues to flow to the pressure switch and the weld occurs. If the weld nut is not in proper orientation the fluid does not flow to the pressure switch but is instead vented from the central circular recess and the weld does not occur.

Abstract: A method is provided for welding a laminated metal sheet to a workpiece. The laminated metal sheet includes an outer metal sheet and an inner metal sheet bonded together by a polymer material that impedes the flow of weld current. A punch is applied against the outer metal sheet and driven through the laminated metal sheet to create a hole and also create an annular metallic burr that bridges across the polymer material layer between the outer metal sheet and the inner metal sheet. A weld electrode is positioned against the outer metal sheet at the punched hole and weld current is conducted through the first annular metallic burr to create an electric resistance weld between the laminated metal and the workpiece.

Abstract: A welding assembly including a current generator, an electrode electrically coupled to the current generator, the electrode including a first engagement surface, and a workpiece including at least two members, wherein at least one of the members includes a second engagement surface, defines a recess in the second engagement surface, and is electrically coupled to the current generator.

Abstract: A welding assembly including a current generator, a first electrode electrically coupled to the current generator, the first electrode including a first engagement surface and defining a first recess in the first engagement surface, and a second electrode electrically coupled to the current generator, the second electrode including a second engagement surface and defining a second recess in the second engagement surface, wherein the first recess is aligned with the second recess.

Abstract: A closure assembly for an inflator comprises a housing and an outlet plate disposed within the housing. The outlet plate has an outlet opening configured to receive a burst disk. The outlet plate is joined to the housing by a deformation resistance weld. The deformation resistance weld is formed by contacting the outlet plate with a first electrode, contacting an exterior portion of the housing with a second electrode, and applying a voltage through the first and second electrodes to adhere a portion of the housing to a portion of the outlet plate.

Abstract: In a method and device for automated welding using a positioning device, in particular a welding robot, a welding pose is occupied by the positioning device in a regulated manner, and the welding pose is flexibly held during the closing of an electrode holder, during the welding process and/or during the opening of the electrode holder.

Abstract: A method of making an electronic label including a chip (1) provided with two contact strips (2, 3) onto which a conducting wire (4) is welded in a single operation. The segment of conducting wire (4) forming the antenna is then cut between the two contact strips (2, 3) of chip (1). The group of chip and antenna thus realized may then be encapsulated between two sheets of a fibrous or plastic material.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for using welding electrodes with a spherically-domed welding face having concentric contoured features formed into the face for better contact with workpiece surfaces. The concentric contoured features may be initially formed by rotating a cutting tool with a contoured cutting edge, the cutting edge being in engagement with the electrode face. A similar practice may be followed to re-create the weld face surface geometry if it becomes eroded or malformed during welding use. A suitable tool may have a blade-like geometry, with a mounting portion for supporting and positioning the tool in a rotating holder and a cutting edge. The cutting edge may have a contour complementary to that of the weld face and extend at least from the center of the weld face to at least the radial extent of the concentric contoured features.

Abstract: This invention provides a steel pipe material weld zone heating method and apparatus for melting and welding the weld zone of a steel pipe material that during continuous induction heating and welding of moving steel pipe material as the material being heated controls temperature distribution and molten steel shape and weld frequency fluctuation with high accuracy and high efficiency, irrespective of the shape of the heated region of material being heated or the material properties of the material being heated, which comprises a first imaging step in which first imaging means 3 installed opposite an end face weld zone of the steel pipe material is used to detect self-emitted light of the weld zone and output a brightness image, a weld zone temperature distribution computation step in which image processing is performed based on the brightness image and emitted light temperature measurement is applied to compute the plate-thickness direction temperature distribution of the weld zone, a heating control step in

Abstract: A welding apparatus comprises a first electrode; a second electrode opposite the first electrode, the second electrode being movable toward and away from the first electrode; a third electrode; a fourth electrode opposite the third electrode, the fourth electrode being movable toward and away from the third electrode; a first transformer winding adapted to be coupled to a power source; a second transformer winding electromagnetically coupled to the first transformer winding and the first and second electrodes; and a third transformer winding electromagnetically coupled to the first transformer winding and the third and fourth electrodes; the first transformer winding substantially evenly transferring current to the second transformer winding and the third transformer winding when energized by the power source, such that the first and second electrodes are energized substantially simultaneously with the third and fourth electrodes.

Abstract: A fuel cell stack includes two or more cells. The cell includes a solid polymer electrolyte membrane, a porous metallic cathode, and a porous metallic anode. The cathode is arranged on one surface of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane through a catalyst layer. The anode is arranged on the other surface of the solid polymer electrolyte membrane through a catalyst layer. Two or more cells are connected in an electrically conductive manner by resistance welding of the cathode of one of the cells and the anode of the other one of the cells with a conductive metallic foil interposed therebetween.

Abstract: A resistance welding apparatus includes a welding gun having a first electrode tip serving as a first welding electrode, a second electrode tip serving as a second welding electrode, and a current branching electrode. The current branching electrode has an annular shape and is disposed in surrounding relation to the first electrode tip. The first electrode tip and the current branching electrode abut against a thinnest workpiece disposed on an outermost side of a stacked assembly that is resistance-welded by the resistance welding apparatus, and have opposite polarities to each other. When an electric current is passed from the first electrode tip to the second electrode tip and through the stacked assembly, a branched electric current flows from the first electrode tip to the current branching electrode.

Abstract: A method of repairing a hole in a work piece includes mechanically constraining donor plates against a work piece. Constraint plates keep donor plates flush against the work piece during conductive heat resistance welding. By constraining the donor plates, the molten mixture produced by conductive heat resistance welding cannot escape the hole and a weldment substantially free of voids is formed.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a pot-shaped pressure vessel, in particular an air spring pot for a vehicle, comprises the following steps: providing a pot, which comprises a bottom, which comprises at least one aperture, providing at least one screw, which comprises a head and a shank, inserting the shank of the at least one screw through the aperture from an inside of the pot, so that the shank of the screw protrudes from an outside of the bottom, and firmly joining the screw to the bottom of the pot. In the transitional area from the head to the shank at least one screw comprises a connecting section tapering from the head to the shank and extending all round the circumference. In inserting the shank through the aperture the connecting section is brought to bear against the edge of the aperture, and the connecting section is joined to the edge of the aperture along its bearing contact with the latter.

Abstract: A terminal and electrical contact for a pair of leads of an electrical component is provided, the terminal having a pair of terminals each comprising a planar member comprising a conductive material that surrounds an opening in the planar member; and wherein one of the pair of leads is welded to one of the pair of terminals such that the lead traverses the opening and is welded to the terminal at a portion of the terminal adjacent to the opening and the other one of the pair of leads is welded to the other one of the pair of terminals such that the lead traverses the opening and is welded to the terminal at a portion of the other one of the pair of terminals adjacent to the opening.

Abstract: A quality assurance system includes an internet/wide area network interface configured to provide bidirectional communication with user terminals; a wireless interface configured to provide bidirectional communication with mobile user terminals; and a quality assurance database cooperatively coupled with a database manager. The data base manager is configured to populate the quality assurance database with identifications of individual ones of a plurality of construction project welders, weld inspectors and a plurality of weld data logs individual ones of which are associated with a specific welding operation of a construction project. Each weld data log is configured to store information that is at least descriptive of a welder, material used during the specific welding operation, specifics of a completed weld including at least weld location, weld type and weld dimensions, and information descriptive of a weld examination.

Abstract: A method for controlling weld energy used in a welding process. The method includes establishing a weld energy profile having a total weld energy used over the period of the weld cycle. During the welding process, the expulsion rate is monitored and used to modify the weld energy. Based on the expulsion rate occurring during the welding process, the total weld energy can be shifted between various phases or cycles. In addition, the overall amount of or total weld energy can be increased and decreased.

Abstract: A modular current interrupt device includes an electrically-conductive rupture disc, an electrically-conductive pressure disc attached to the rupture disc to form an electrical pathway. An electrically-insulating ring partitions a perimeter of the rupture disc from a perimeter of the pressure disc, and a seating element secures the electrically-insulated ring to the pressure disc. At least one of the rupture disc and electrically-insulating ring defines a conduit, whereby exposure of one side of the pressure disc to sufficient force through the conduit causes the pressure disc to separate from the rupture disc to thereby sever the electrical pathway. A low pressure current interrupt device (CID) activates at a minimal threshold internal gauge pressure in a range of, for example, between about 4 kg/cm2 and about 9 kg/cm2.

Abstract: A lead portion (25) of a heater coil (22) is constituted of a single coil wound into a coil and a bead portion (24) is constituted of a double coil formed by further winding the single coil into a coil. By constituting a detecting element (2) by burying the bead portion (24) in a heat conductive layer (21) and adhering a catalyst layer (23) on the surface of the heat conductive layer (21), improvement of the gas sensitivity and the response speed of a catalytic combustion gas sensor is facilitated. Zero point variation is reduced by improving impact resistance. When both ends of the heater coil are fixed to electrode pins, both ends of the heater coil are welded to the electrode pins using a resistance welding method, etc., with a platinum wire, etc., wound on a primary core wire, and thereafter, the primary core wire is melted and eliminated while leaving the platinum wire, etc., by a wet etching process.

Abstract: A method of detecting dust includes: a first step of monitoring a resistance value welding and determining if a variation amount of the resistance value per unit time is equal to or more than a first threshold; a second step of monitoring the resistance value after the first step and determining if a variation amount of this resistance value per unit time is equal to or less than a second threshold; a third step of determining if a difference value between a resistance value for calculating the variation amount equal to or more than the first threshold and a resistance value for calculating the variation amount determined equal to or less than the second threshold is equal to or more than a third threshold; and a fourth step of determining that dust is generated when the difference value is equal to or more than the third threshold.

Abstract: A resistance welding quality determination method comprises: a step of detecting a voltage value applied to a welding electrode of a resistance welding machine; a step of detecting a current value supplied to the welding electrode; a step of calculating a welding resistance value based on the voltage value and the current value; a step of correcting the welding resistance value based on a change amount of a contact resistance value between the work and the welding electrode during welding of a work; and a step of determining welding quality of the work based on a corrected welding resistance value obtained by correcting the welding resistance value.

Abstract: A welding apparatus includes a first electrode tip; a second electrode tip opposing the first electrode tip; and an electrically conductive part which is provided so as to be freely interposed between the second electrode tip and a work and ensures electrical conduction between the second electrode tip and the work when the electrically conductive part is interposed between the second electrode tip and the work, the electrically conductive part including an electrically conductive member one side of which opposes the work with a presence of a void space from the work when the electrically conductive member is interposed between the second electrode tip and the work, and against which the second electrode tip is abutted on another side thereof, and a pair of electrically conductive abutment members which are provided integrally with the electrically conductive member in such a manner as to extend toward the work, and distal ends of which are abutted against the work, a position of abutment of the electrically

Abstract: This manufacturing method of a fuel tank is for manufacturing a metallic fuel tank having a concavo-convex portion in a course of seam welding using a seam welder, wherein the seam welding is performed using the seam welder provided with a non-interfering space where interference with the fuel tank is avoided, while changing the position of the fuel tank relative to the seam welder.

Abstract: A method for establishing or restoring electrical continuity between metal pipe sections in pipeline rehabilitation according to embodiments of the present invention includes, from an inside of a pipe having first and second pipe sections, removing a layer of the first pipe section at a first location, removing a layer of the second pipe section at a second location, electrically connecting a spanner at the first location and the second location, deploying a tubular liner along the inside of the pipe, injecting grout between the tubular liner and the inside of the pipe, and distributing the grout between the tubular liner and the inside of the pipe, wherein a first radial distance from the inside of the pipe to the innermost extent of the spanner is less than or equal to a second radial distance from the inside of the pipe to the tubular liner.

Abstract: A suspension component for a vehicle includes a cast iron body, a high strength steel tube and an adapter ring. The adapter ring includes a protrusion engaged with a face of the cast iron body. The protrusion is heated to a plasticized state as a capacitor is discharged through the protrusion and the face. The adapter ring is welded to the body upon cooling of the adapter ring. The high strength steel tube is fixed to the adapter ring.

Abstract: A method for welding a first workpiece with a joining element, wherein the joining element and the first workpiece consist at least partially of a metal, includes moving the joining element relative to the first workpiece during welding and at the same time pressing the joining element against the first workpiece. This method for welding a joining element with a material permits a reliable firmly-bonded connection between joining element and workpiece, when the workpiece consists of a composite material or has low rigidity, and is achieved by generating an electrical current between workpiece and joining element during mechanical contact of the joining element with the first workpiece.

Abstract: A resistance welding apparatus is provided with: a pair of electrode chips; a power supply device for supplying the electrode chips a welding current; and a spattering detecting device that detects a spattering. The power supply device supplies to the electrode chips a preset welding current until the spattering is detected. The power supply device supplies a current on which an additional current is added to the preset welding current, after the spattering is detected, until a preset energizing time expires.

Abstract: Rib plates are provided in an interior of a box-shaped pressure vessel, and the rib plates are joined to inner surfaces of walls of the pressure vessel in such a state that the rib plates are kept erected by welding being applied to the walls of the pressure vessel from the outside thereof.

Abstract: A method for producing a gas generator for installation in a motor vehicle airbag device includes providing a housing of the gas generator in a pressure chamber. The housing has an opening formed by an absence of a base of the housing and is filled with gas through the opening. The method includes providing a closure formed by the housing base in the pressure chamber. The closure is configured to provide gas-tight closure of the opening. The method includes fixing the housing in the pressure chamber transverse to a first direction, forming an annular gap between the closure and an edge of the housing by spacing the closure from the housing in the first direction using a first electrode, introducing gas into the pressure chamber and housing via the opening, and connecting the closure to the housing such that the closure covers the opening in a gas-tight closed state.

Abstract: Provided are an operation controller of an electrode and a control method therefor in electric resistance welding, which are capable of automatically inhibiting advancement of the electrode when an operating time period of a supply rod becomes abnormally longer. A part (1, 39) is supplied to the electrode by a supply rod (10), a steel plate part (4) is subjected to electric resistance welding, and there are provided a sensor means (27) which transmits an electrode advancing operation signal during restoring operation or at a time of completion of the restoring operation of the supply rod (10), a timer means (30) for judging whether the electrode advancing operation signal is transmitted at a timing within a predetermined time period or after elapse of the predetermined time period.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for installing an insulation material to a surface by inserting a nozzle and a neck of a welding gun through a channel in an insulation material, positioning the insulation material on the surface to be insulated using the welding gun, firmly pushing the welding gun into the channel of the insulation material until the nozzle of the welding gun, an anchor embedded in the insulation material and the surface are in contact, welding the anchor of the insulation material to the surface with the welding gun, and removing the nozzle and the neck of the welding gun from the channel in the insulation material. A method and apparatus for testing the integrity of a weld between an anchored insulation material, a surface and a nozzle of a welding gun. A special tool for testing the integrity of the weld between the anchored insulation material and a surface.

Abstract: A ball and socket joint is provided for a vehicle. The ball and socket joint includes a housing (9), with a joint inner part (2), which is seated in the housing (9), extends from this and is mounted movably in the housing (9) with a bearing area (4) having a spherical surface or partial spherical surface (7) via the intermediary of a bearing shell (8). The housing has two housing parts (10, 12) meshing with one another, which are firmly connected to one another by means of at least one welded connection (19, 20), wherein the two housing parts (10, 12) are braced against one another in the radial direction to form a press fit.

Abstract: Repair methods involving conductive heat resistance welding includes repairing a crack of a gas turbine engine component using a conductive heat resistance welding technique and a welding technique other than conductive heat resistance welding.

Abstract: The invention relates to an axle journal (1) which is connected to a vehicle body and which comprises an approximately rotation-symmetrical bearing journal (3) which can be connected to a wheel (5) of the vehicle. The invention also relates to a method for producing an axle journal (1). According to the invention, the axle journal is embodied in a divided manner, comprising an axle journal base body (7) and bearing journals (3), which penetrate a corresponding opening (9) in the axle journal base body (7), in order to meet the requirements of the high component stresses and to produce the axle journal (1) in an economical manner. The bearing journals (3) comprise a journal part (11) and a counter part (13), which are connected together inside the opening (9) by means of a press welding method.

Abstract: The invention relates to a double wall duct system (1) suitable for carrying fluids to at least other system comprising an internal duct (3) for conveying the fluid and an external duct (2) for conveying a potential leakage in the system (1), the double wall duct system (1) also comprising a clearance (8) between the ducts (2, 3) and at least one bend, the system (1) also comprising at least one bushing (4, 5) that connects the system (1) to at least other system, the bushing (4, 5) being slidable in the system (1) before being connected to the system (1) and to other systems, the inner duct (3) being connectable at its ends to other systems and the outer duct (2) being connectable to one end of the bushing (4, 5), the bushing (4, 5) providing a closed structural integrity of the system (1) therefore allowing a potential leakage in the double wall system (1) to be detected and evacuated in a controlled manner. The invention also relates to a method of manufacturing such a double wall duct system (1).

Abstract: A welding method of conductive terminals for performing resistance welding on a first conductive terminal and a second conductive terminal includes bringing the first conductive terminal into contact with a projection formed on the second conductive terminal that projects in a direction orthogonal to a longitudinal direction of the terminal, joining a first electrode to the first conductive terminal by pressure welding, and joining a second electrode to the projection by pressure welding with the longitudinal direction of the first conductive terminal and the projecting direction of the projection orthogonal to each other, and flowing a current between each electrode to weld the first conductive terminal and the projection at a contacting surface thereof.

Abstract: Two or more superposed plates and a thin plate are resistance-welded by: placing, on the two or more superposed plates, the thin plate whose thickness is less than each of the two or more superposed plates; placing a welding auxiliary member on the thin plate; making one of a pair of electrodes abut on the welding auxiliary member, and making the other of electrodes abut on a bottom surface of a lowest plate of the two or more superposed plates; and resistance-welding the two or more superposed plates and the thin plate to one another by the pair of electrodes.

Abstract: Spot welding electrodes with generally dome shaped welding faces are provided with surface features for welding both aluminum alloy sheet assemblies and steel sheet assemblies. A raised circular plateau is formed on the central axis of the dome and, in one embodiment, a suitable number of round bumps are formed in concentric spacing from adjacent the circumference of the plateau toward the circular edge of the welding face. For welding steel workpieces the plateau mainly serves as the engaging feature of the electrode. Both the plateau and concentric bumps are used in penetrating light metal surfaces for suitable current passage. In another embodiment, the domed surface is shaped with concentric terraces for engagement with the workpieces.

Abstract: A system for and method of projection weld-bonding a plurality of workpieces, includes the steps of securing at least one adhesive layer having a plurality of projections embedded therein intermediate the workpieces, and engaging the workpieces with a resistance welding apparatus such that only the projections fuse to form the weld pool, and the layer cures to form an adhesive seal around the welds, together the adhesive layer and projections cooperatively forming a reinforced joint.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for producing single microlenses or an arrays of microlenses composed of a glass-type material, in which method a first substrate is provided with a surface containing impressions over which a second substrate composed of a glass-type material is placed at least partially overlapping it and is joined therewith under vacuum conditions. The substrate composite is tempered in such a manner that the second substrate softens and flows into the impressions of the first substrate, thereby structuring the side of the second substrate facing away from the first substrate in order to form at least one microlens surface.

Abstract: A guiding and shaping system for producing welded pipes made from metallic strip material. The guiding and shaping system comprises several pairs of rolls that are disposed one behind another in the direction of travel of the workpiece and are used for increasingly cold-working and bending the edges of the workpiece as the workpiece advances. First pairs of rolls grip the top side and bottom side of the workpiece while pairs of rolls that grip the external faces of the bent edges and form the shape of a pipe are provided in the region where the bent edges form undercuts. The guiding and shaping system further comprises a welding device. The workpiece is supported by floatingly mounted lateral rolls until cooling off following the welding process.

Abstract: A composite sheet comprising two sheets joined by material closure provides on the one hand high global and local bending stiffness, and on the other hand very good forming behavior and very high load capacity in case of great deformations, as in case of a crash for example. Both sheets of the composite sheet comprise an at least partially structured surface and a smooth surface and both sheets are at least partially joined by material closure via the structured surfaces.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is suppression of a cost increase of a heat treatment holder as well as achievement of equalization of heater output and improvement of thermal efficiency by broadening the selection scope of materials of the heat treatment holder (particularly, materials of the resistance heating element). In the present invention, in the case of performing heat treatment on an object to be treated, as a heat treatment holder that holds the object to be treated and heats the object to be treated by undergoing resistance heating by carrying electric current from an external source, one is used that is formed by a resistance heating material having a specific resistance higher than a base material of the resistance heating element being mixed in the base material.

Abstract: For the determination of the welding current to be used for the resistance welding of the overlap seam of container bodies, welding with a test body is carried out with a changing strength of welding current which in the test body produces a varying welding of the seam. The current strength varies from welding of this seam with a too high temperature to welding with a too low temperature. Along with this the welding current strength used in the welding is determined so that it is further determined at which point of the seam the welding has been accomplished and with what strength of welding current. By means of a mechanical and/or optical investigation of the welded seam it can then be easily determined where the seam has been correctly welded for the series production of container bodies from the same sheet material as the test bodies. When such a point or such a region of the seam is known the welding current used in the test welding can be taken as the welding current for serial production.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a process for joining materials. The process can include providing a first component with a first joint face and a second component with a second joint face. The first component, second component, and bonding layer can be assembled such that the first joint face is oppositely disposed from the second joint face with the bonding layer located at least partially therebetween. Heat can be applied to the first joint face and the second joint face with the bonding layer therebetween. In this manner, wetting and possibly slight dissolving of the first joint face and the second joint face can be afforded, with at least part of the bonding layer being vaporized. In addition, the first joint face can come into intimate contact with the second joint face and form a bond interface, with the first component being bonded to the second component across the bond interface.

Abstract: A method of hole defect repair includes removing one or more defects at or near a desired hole in a part by removing a portion of the part proximate the desired hole in a series of chain link patterns, and welding a filler material to the part after removing the chain link pattern portion of the part.

Abstract: A method for forming a clad structure utilizing a moving resistance energy source. The method forms a metallurgical bond between a cladding layer and a primary layer such that at least 2% of a cladding layer surface is metallurgically fusion bonded to a primary layer surface. The fusion bond does not extend all the way through the primary layer or the cladding layer. Either, or both, of the layers may incorporate surface texturing to reduce the contact area between the layers, and melting point suppressants may be incorporated into the method.

Abstract: A fusing quality control method and apparatus are disclosed in which the film detachment process is accurately controlled by monitoring the surface temperature of a terminal and detecting the timing at which the temperature provisionally drops and then rises again. The thermal caulking process, on the other hand, is accurately controlled by accumulating the terminal temperature to determine the heat amount charged into the film covered electric wire 3 and by monitoring whether the accumulated heat amount has entered a preset range or not.

Abstract: A smoothing/sifting rake, fork, pitchfork, or similar forked hand tool or attachment or tool head for mechanized machinery has specially welded tines. The tines each have a lower section located on the backbone of the tool head and a working section extending outwardly from the backbone. Each tine also has two longitudinally extending lateral surfaces, two vertical surfaces and a transversely extending back edge surface therebetween. In one embodiment, welds extend the full longitudinal length of one of the lateral surfaces, the full length of a vertical surface, the transverse length of the back edge surface and down the second vertical surface to the junction between the bottom of the vertical surface and the second lateral surface. Welds can also extend partially along the longitudinal length of the second lateral surface for a distance not to exceed three quarters of its length. For heavy duty applications, welds are optionally applied to the back edge surface.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing welded metal sheets is presented that leaves exposed (i.e., visible) surfaces of the sheets substantially free of any weld marks following welding, without any additional steps performed at the area of the weld following the weld. Thus, manufacturing efficiency may be increased and costs lowered. An apparatus with three stacked metal sheets which may be welded according to the method of manufacturing is also disclosed herein.