Abstract: An evaluation method for evaluating laser machining in which irradiation region of a laser beam is moved relative to object to perform machining of object, includes a measurement step and an evaluation step. In the measurement step, a change in an intensity of light according to a movement of measurement region is measured by moving measurement region for measuring the intensity of light, relative to object. In the evaluation step, an evaluation of the laser machining is performed based on the change in the intensity of light according to the movement of measurement region. In the measurement step, measurement region is moved relative to object so that movement path of measurement region has a plurality of intersections with movement path of irradiation region.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a laser bond inspection system that comprises a high-power laser, configured to generate a high-power laser beam having a high energy, and a low-power laser, configured to generate a low-power laser beam having a low energy that is less than the high energy. The laser bond inspection system further comprises a target patch. The laser bond inspection system additionally comprises a beam-aiming optic, configured to receive the low-power laser beam from the low-power laser and redirect the low-power laser beam at the target patch when the target patch is affixed to the part. The laser bond inspection system also comprises an optical sensor, configured to detect a reflected portion of the low-power laser beam reflected off of the target patch. The beam-aiming optic is further configured to receive the high-power laser beam from the high-power laser and redirect the high-power laser beam at the target patch.

Abstract: A spacecraft for changing an orbit or an attitude of a target in outer space by irradiating the target with a laser, the spacecraft includes: a laser apparatus configured to generate the laser; a focusing unit configured to converge the laser; a detecting unit configured to acquire detection information including a distance between the spacecraft and the target; and an irradiation control unit configured to control the focusing unit on the basis of the distance so that the laser converges on the target.

Abstract: Provided is a method for laser additive manufacturing based on keyhole effects. A welding wire and a laser beam are arranged, at certain angles, on two sides of a normal line of a substrate respectively. The laser beam is applied on the welding wire to generate a deep penetration melting keyhole. The welding wire absorbs energy of the laser beam and is heated and melted in a deep penetration melting mode. The welding wire transmits energy to a surface of the substrate to form a cladding layer. The laser beam irradiates the surface of the substrate after passing through the welding wire, and preheats the surface of the substrate in a heat conduction mode.

Abstract: The present invention is directed towards a method for fabricating a three-dimensional metal, ceramic, and/or cermet part, the method comprising forming the three-dimensional metal, ceramic, and/or cermet part by an additive manufacturing technique; encapsulating the three-dimensional metal, ceramic, and/or cermet part in a conformable fugitive material to form an encapsulated three-dimensional metal, ceramic, and/or cermet part; and cold isostatic pressing the encapsulated three-dimensional metal, ceramic, and/or cermet part with pressurized incompressible fluid that contacts the conformable fugitive material. Also disclosed are three-dimensional metal, ceramic, and/or cermet parts fabricated according to said method.

Abstract: A system for peen-forming of thermoplastic composite material is provided. The system includes a tool, a heater, and a peen-forming device. The thermoplastic composite material is positioned on the tool, which supports the thermoplastic composite material as it is being process. The tool has a surface to which a portion of the thermoplastic composite material is intended to conform. The heater is configured to heat the thermoplastic composite material while it is positioned on the tool to make the thermoplastic composite material more malleable. The peen-forming device directs particles against the thermoplastic composite material positioned on the tool so that the portion of the thermoplastic composite material conforms to the surface of the tool.

Abstract: In an embodiment, a method includes: aligning a first package component with a second package component, the first package component having a first region and a second region, the first region including a first conductive connector, the second region including a second conductive connector; performing a first laser shot on a first portion of a top surface of the first package component, the first laser shot reflowing the first conductive connector of the first region, the first portion of the top surface of the first package component completely overlapping the first region; and after performing the first laser shot, performing a second laser shot on a second portion of the top surface of the first package component, the second laser shot reflowing the second conductive connector of the second region, the second portion of the top surface of the first package component completely overlapping the second region.

Abstract: Additive manufacturing system includes one or more processors configured to determine one or more geometrical characteristics of each of multiple segments of a build part at a candidate position of the build part relative to an additive manufacturing instrument. The geometrical characteristics include an angle of incidence between a beam line extending from a beam emitter and a surface normal of a respective skin of the corresponding segment proximate to the beam line. The one or more processors select, based on the determined geometrical characteristics, a first set of beam parameters for forming a first segment of the build part and a second set of beam parameters for forming a second segment of the build part. At least one of the beam parameters in the second set differs from the beam parameters in the first set.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus 100 for machining a workpiece with a laser beam 101 coupled into a fluid jet. The apparatus 100 comprises a laser unit 101a for providing the laser beam 101, a nozzle unit 102 with an aperture 102a for producing the fluid jet, and an optical unit 103 configured to provide the laser beam 101 from the laser unit 101a onto the nozzle unit 102. Further, the apparatus 100 comprises a control unit 104 configured to control 108, 110 the optical unit 103 and/or nozzle unit 102 to change a point of incidence 109 of the laser beam 101 on the nozzle unit 102. The apparatus 100 also comprises a sensing unit 105 configured to sense laser light 106 reflected from a surface 102b of the nozzle unit 102 and produce a sensing signal 107 based on the sensed reflected laser light 106.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a printed circuit board. The printed circuit board includes: a plurality of insulating layers; a plurality of circuit layers disposed on at least one of an interior and an exterior of the plurality of insulating layers; and a reinforcing layer disposed on one surface of the plurality of insulating layers, and having a first opening having a first width and a second opening having a second width, different from the first width.

Abstract: An apparatus may include an inlet and an enclosure includes a container that is coupled to the inlet. The container may receive water from the inlet. The apparatus may further include various check valves coupled to the container. The apparatus may further include a laser head coupled to the container. The laser head may receive a laser signal that converts the water inside the container into steam. The check valves may release the steam outside the enclosure.

Abstract: Methods and systems for characterizing holes in a combustor liner of a gas turbine engine, and associated repair methods are provided. One method comprises receiving first measured data of the combustor liner in an uncoated state. The method includes determining a first location and a first orientation of a first hole and a first location and a first orientation of a second hole in the combustor liner using the first measured data. The method includes receiving second measured data of the combustor liner in a coated state where the second hole is at least partially obstructed by a coating and the first hole is substantially unobstructed by the coating. The method includes inferring a second location of the second hole of the combustor liner in the coated state using a known spacing between the first location of the first hole and the first location of the second hole. The characterization of the holes may be used to re-drill the obstructed second hole.

Abstract: A sealing device capable of suppressing depletion of lubricant is provided. A sliding surface of a side lip 220 at a position away from a distal end of the side lip 220 is provided with a plurality of annular grooves 222 adjacent each other, each of all parts that form annular protrusions 223 between adjacent annular grooves 222 protrudes most at a center in a width direction thereof, with an amount of protrusion gradually decreasing with increasing separation from the center, and both sides of the center in the width direction are symmetric in shape. A tip portion of the sliding surface of the side lip 220 on the distal side of a region, which is provided with the plurality of annular grooves 222, is configured to make a planar contact with an end face of the annular member.

Abstract: A sensor module includes an X-axis angular velocity sensor device that outputs digital X-axis angular velocity data, a Y-axis angular velocity sensor device that outputs digital Y-axis angular velocity data, a Z-axis angular velocity sensor device that outputs digital Z-axis angular velocity data, an acceleration sensor device that outputs digital X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis acceleration data, a microcontroller, a first digital interface bus that electrically connects the X-axis angular velocity sensor device, the Y-axis angular velocity sensor device, and the Z-axis angular velocity sensor device to a first digital interface, and a second digital interface bus that electrically connects the acceleration sensor device to a second digital interface.

Abstract: A microstructure and a method for manufacturing the same includes: disposing a liquid film on a surface of a substrate, wherein a solid-liquid interface is formed where the liquid film is in contact with the substrate; and irradiating the substrate with a laser of a predetermined waveband to etch the substrate at the solid-liquid interface, wherein the position where the laser is irradiated on the solid-liquid interface moves at least along a direction parallel to the surface of the substrate, and the absorption rate of the liquid film for the laser is greater than the absorption rate of the substrate for the laser.

Abstract: A laser irradiation apparatus (1) according to an embodiment includes an optical-system module (20) configured to apply laser light (L1) to an object to be irradiated, a shield plate (51) in which a slit (54) is formed, through which the laser light (L1) passes, and a reflected-light receiving component (61) disposed between the optical-system module (20) and the shield plate (51), in which the reflected-light receiving component (61) is able to receive, out of the laser light (L1), reflected light (R1) reflected by the shield plate (51).

Abstract: Systems for and methods for improving mechanical properties of ceramic material are provided. The system comprises a heat source for heating the ceramic material to a temperature greater than a brittle-to-ductile transition temperature of the ceramic material; a probe for mounting the ceramic material and configured to extend the ceramic material into the heat source; a plasma-confining medium and a sacrificial layer disposed between the ceramic material and the plasma-confining medium; and an energy pulse generator such as a laser pulse generator. The sacrificial layer is utilized to form plasma between the ceramic material and the plasma-confining medium.

Abstract: A camera module is provided with: an imaging element which is formed in a rectangular shape and has a plurality of pads provided to a back surface opposite from an imaging surface; a substrate where, on the same plane, a plurality of linear conductors are lined up in parallel and have an insulating coating in a rectangular shape such that the side of one end and the other end in the direction of extension of the conductors is shorter than one side of the imaging element, the conductors at the one end and the other end being exposed at a plate surface front and/or back; and a low-melting-point electroconductive material for connecting, to each of the pads, the conductors of the one end that are exposed due to one end surface of the substrate being abutted against the back surface.

Abstract: A tool allows a user to create new designs for apparel and preview these designs before manufacture. Software and lasers are used in finishing apparel to produce a desired wear pattern or other design. Based on a laser input file with a pattern, a laser will burn the pattern onto apparel. With the tool, the user will be able to create, make changes, and view images of a design, in real time, before burning by a laser. Input to the tool includes fabric template images, laser input files, and damage input. The tool allows adding of tinting and adjusting of intensity and bright point. The user can also move, rotate, scale, and warp the image input.

Abstract: Examples include apparatuses, processes, and methods for generating three-dimensional objects. An example apparatus comprises build material distributor and a controller. Examples distribute a particular build layer in a build area of the apparatus over a previous build layer. Examples determine a build layer temperature corresponding to the particular build layer. Examples analyze build layer coverage for the particular build layer based at least in part on a build layer temperature of the previous build layer and the build layer temperature of the particular build layer. Examples selectively recoat the particular build layer with additional build material based at least in part on the build layer coverage for the particular build layer.

Abstract: The invention provides a laser shock processing method for small-hole component with different thickness. In this method, different process parameters are adopted for laser shock processing of small hole members with different thicknesses, and the empirical formula was obtained by statistical analysis of the experimental results, and the empirical formula I 0 = A ? e t B ? ? s 2 Z is the relationship between power density and thickness of small hole members. According to this formula, the power density of laser shock strengthening of orifice member with different thickness is determined, and the selection and determination method of process parameters related to this is put forward. According to this method, reasonable residual compressive stress distribution can be obtained after laser shock strengthening with appropriate technology, and good strengthening effect can be achieved.

Abstract: A cutting blade for vegetation is provided for example for use in a straw chopper or rotary mower. The blade includes a first base material and a plurality of hard surface beads of at least two different materials formed on at least one surface of the base material extending up to a cutting edge of the base material wherein the plurality of hard surface beads lie alternately side by side with touching side edges and one contains at least one different material of a different hardness relative to the other so that differential wear rates are created, and a wear profile is controlled. The softer material is burnt away at the edge by the cladding laser to form pockets so that the blade is serrated by the pockets when supplied with additional wear increasing the pockets to maintain the serrations.

Abstract: According to one implementation, a laser peening processing apparatus includes a laser oscillator and an irradiation system. The laser oscillator oscillates a laser light. The irradiation system condenses the laser light with a lens and irradiates a workpiece with the condensed laser light. The irradiation system irradiates the workpiece with the laser light in a state where the workpiece has been exposed in an atmosphere without interposed liquid. Furthermore, according to one implementation, a laser peening processing method includes producing a product or a semi-product by laser peening processing of the workpiece using the above-mentioned laser peening processing apparatus.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method of forming a component and at least one support structure joined to the component by additive layer manufacturing, wherein the support structure has a reduced density and/or increased porosity relative to the component. The method then comprises a subsequent heat treatment step at increased pressure on the component and support structure to separate the component and at least one support structure.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for supervision of an additive manufacturing process for producing a manufacturing product by selectively solidifying build-up material in a process chamber. The build-up material is irradiated according to predefinable irradiation control data; and a process chamber supervisory data set is generated based on the irradiation control data, supervisory data being encoded process chamber point by process chamber point in said data set. Quality data concerning the manufacturing process are determined based on the process chamber supervisory data set. A description is further given of a supervisory device suitable therefor a control device for an apparatus for additive manufacturing of manufacturing products, and an apparatus for additive manufacturing of manufacturing products comprising such a control device.

Abstract: An additive manufacturing apparatus includes an environmentally sealed first chamber, a second chamber separated from the first chamber by a first valve, a platform positionable in the first chamber, a dispenser configured to deliver a plurality of successive layers of feed material onto the platform in the first chamber, at least one energy source to selectively fuse feed material in a layer on the platform in the first chamber, and an air knife assembly to direct a laminar flow of air across a layer of feed material on the platform in the first chamber. The air knife assembly includes an inlet module and an exhaust module that are movable through the first valve between the first chamber and the second chamber.

Abstract: A module for an additive manufacturing apparatus including more than one optical train, each optical train providing a route for a laser beam to pass through the module and including steering optics for steering the laser beam towards the material to be consolidated as part of a layer-by-layer additive manufacturing process. The module is configured to deliver laser beams from the more than one optical trains through a single window in a build chamber of the additive manufacturing apparatus.

Abstract: An optical package having a patterned submount, an optoelectronic device mounted to the patterned submount, a spacer affixed on one side to the patterned submount, the spacer having a bore hole therethrough wherein the optoelectronic device is positioned, and an optical element affixed to the spacer on a side opposite the patterned submount and covering the spacer bore hole. The patterned submount may be a circuit board. The optoelectronic device may be a VCSEL. The spacer may be affixed to the circuit board, for example, using an epoxy preform or an adhesive laminate. The spacer may, for example, be manufactured from a sheet of stainless steel or from a circuit board. The optical element may be, for example, a diffuser, a concave lens, a convex lens, a holographic element, polarizers, or diffraction gratings. The optical element may be affixed to the spacer using an epoxy preform or an adhesive laminate.

Abstract: A system for automated adaptive manufacturing of airfoil castings is disclosed. The system may receive a three dimensional scan of a work piece. The system may compare the three dimensional scan to a digital model of the work piece. The system may identify an area of dimensional abnormality on the work piece based on the comparison. The system may alter the area of dimensional abnormality on the work piece.

Abstract: A laser processing apparatus has a control unit including an inspection modified layer former detecting a provisional orientation flat of a bare wafer and applying a laser beam of a predetermined output power level to the bare wafer depending on the direction of the provisional orientation flat thereby to form a modified layer for detecting the crystal orientation closely to an outer edge of the bare wafer, and a crack detector detecting a crack extending from the modified layer toward a Y-axis and an exposed surface of the bare wafer, providing the modified layer extends along an X-axis in an image captured of the modified layer. If the crack detector detects no crack, the control unit determines the modified layer with no crack extending therefrom as extending parallel to the crystal orientation of the bare wafer.

Abstract: A method for robot control using visual feedback including determining a generative model S100, training the generative model S200, and controlling the robot using the trained generative model S300.

Abstract: A workcell that is configured to interact with a device having a plurality of target items and a first memory comprising information about 3D positions of the plurality of target items defined in a first coordinate system of the device. The workcell has a camera module and a processor. The camera module is configured to provide information about a first position of a target item on a first sensor and a second position of the same target item on the second sensor. The processor is configured to determine a position and an orientation of the device within the coordinate system of the workcell.

Abstract: A method of forming an optical device in a body (32), comprises performing a plurality of laser scans (34,36) to form the optical device, each scan comprising relative movement of a laser beam and the body thereby to scan the laser beam along a respective path (34a, 34b 34f; 36a, 36b 36f) through the body to alter the refractive index of material of that path, wherein the paths are arranged to provide in combination a route for propagation of light through the optical device in operation that is larger in a direction substantially perpendicular to the route for propagation of light than any one of the paths individually.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a component is provided. The method includes depositing particles onto a build platform. The method also includes distributing the particles to form a build layer. The method further includes operating a consolidation device to consolidate a first plurality of particles along a scan path to form a component. The component includes a top surface spaced apart from the build platform and an outer surface. The outer surface extends between the build platform and the top surface, and at least a portion of the outer surface faces a substantially particle-free region of the build platform.

Abstract: A system (100) and method for monitoring a recoating mechanism (415A, 415B) in an additive manufacturing environment is provided. Various embodiments involve the use of a control computer (102a-102d) to receive data based on a thermal image of a recoating mechanism (415A, 415B) from an imaging device (436) configured to capture thermal image. The control computer (102a-102d) further determines a value of a property of the thermal image, wherein the property is related to an amount of powder in the recoating mechanism. The control computer (102a-102d) further determines at least one of if the value indicates an error related to the amount of powder in the recoating mechanism (415A, 415B), and an action to take with respect to the recoating mechanism (415A, 415B) that is based on the value.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to methods of additive manufacturing with control of the energy beam incidence angle that allows for aligning the laser beam angle to directly oppose the building direction of an angled wall. The method includes building an object in an additive manufacturing powder bed where the object includes a surface that is defined by a build vector projecting outward relative to the build plate center at an angle ? relative to normal of the build plate such that 90°>?>0° and the directed energy beam forms an angle ?L2 relative to normal of the build plate such that 270°>?L2>180°, wherein ?L2??=180°±?, and ?<45°. The present methods provide finished objects having overhanging regions with more consistent surface finish and resistance to mechanical strain or stress.

Abstract: Examples of temperature measurement calibration in an additive manufacturing system are described. In one case, a method of calibrating a non-contact temperature measurement device involves applying energy from a radiation source of the additive manufacturing system to heat a reference element. The reference element is thermally coupled to a temperature sensor. A temperature reading from the temperature sensor is compared with data from the non-contact temperature measurement device to calibrate the device.

Abstract: By optimizing equipment and processing, magnetic domain miniaturization efficiency can be increased, workability can be improved, and processing ability can be increased through same.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes a first generation unit configured to generate deviation data for each of parameters of respective apparatuses relating to three-dimensional measurement, a second generation unit configured to generate deviation data based on a captured image of a target acquired using the parameters and a registration image of the target, an acquiring unit configured to acquire similarity between the deviation data generated by the second generation unit and the deviation data for each of the parameters generated by the first generation unit, and a presentation unit configured to present presentation information relating to calibration of the parameters based on the similarity.

Abstract: A method of laser hardening of a surface area of a workpiece, such as a surface of a journal of a crankshaft, including the steps of generating a relative movement between the surface of the workpiece and a laser source to allow a laser spot to subsequently be projected onto different portions of the surface area, and during the relative movement, repetitively scanning the laser beam so as to produce a two-dimensional equivalent effective laser spot on the surface area. The energy distribution of the effective laser spot is adapted so that it is different in a more heat sensitive subarea, such as in an area adjacent to an oil lubrication opening, than in a less heat sensitive subarea, so as to prevent overheating of the more heat sensitive subarea.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a laser processing device includes a light irradiation section, and an optical element. The optical element includes a first transparent member provided via a gap with a tip of the light irradiation section, and a second transparent member. The first transparent member includes a first surface opposed to the tip of the light irradiation section, and a second surface provided so as to be connected to the first surface. The second transparent member includes a flat surface and a convex surface, the flat surface being provided so as to be opposed to the second surface of the first transparent member, the light passed through the first transparent member passing through the convex surface. An optical axis of the laser beam passing through the first surface and an optical axis passing through the convex surface are different from each other.

Abstract: A visible light laser system and operation for welding materials together. A blue laser system that forms essentially perfect welds for copper based materials. A blue laser system and operation for welding conductive elements, and in particular thin conductive elements, together for use in energy storage devices, such as battery packs.

Abstract: A powder bed fusion additive manufacturing system includes a build platform on which a substrate is supported, an energy generator configured to generate an energy beam directed at the substrate, a roller having an actuator system configured to rotate the roller, and a controller operably connected to the roller and to the energy generator. The controller is configured to produce a build object by rotating the roller at a first rotational speed to spread powder particles at a first porosity, operating the energy generator to selectively melt the powder particles to form a first layer of the build object, rotating the roller at a second rotational speed to spread powder particles at a second porosity, and operating the energy generator to selectively melt the powder particles spread at the second porosity to form a second layer. The first and second rotational speeds are different from one another.

Abstract: An additive manufacturing system includes a build platform, at least one first consolidation device, and at least one second consolidation device. The at least one first consolidation device is configured to direct at least one first energy beam to a first face of a component. The first face has a first orientation. The at least one second consolidation device is configured to simultaneously direct at least one second energy beam toward a second face of the component as the first consolidation device directs the at least one first energy beam toward the first face. The second face has a second orientation different from the first orientation.

Abstract: A data generating device includes: a storage; and a controller. The storage is configured to store a plurality of sets of machining condition information in association with respective ones of a plurality of sets of foil information. Each of the plurality of sets of machining condition information specifies a machining condition on irradiation of a laser beam from a laser machining device onto a surface of a workpiece on which a metal foil is placed. Each of the plurality of sets of foil information specifies composition of the foil. The controller is configured to perform: receiving input information specifying composition of a target foil to be subjected to the irradiation of the laser beam as one set of foil information; and identifying one set of machining condition information corresponding to the one set of foil information from the plurality of sets of machining condition information stored in the storage.

Abstract: There is provided a crack repairing method for suppressing a crack growth in a wall portion. The crack repairing method includes an injection step in which working fluid is injected into a crack formed into a surface of the wall portion of a target object and a vibration step in which vibration is applied to the working fluid in a direction from an crack initiation portion of the crack on the surface to an inner end portion of the crack. The crack repairing method further includes a deformation step in which a cavity is generated in the working fluid by the applied vibration and compressive residual stress is generated at the inner end portion of the crack.

Abstract: There is provided a manufacturing method of a three-dimensional shaped object, the method being capable of reducing a warp deformation of the three-dimensional shaped object. The manufacturing method according to an embodiment of the present invention produces a three-dimensional shaped object by alternate repetition of a powder-layer forming and a solidified-layer forming on a base plate, wherein the forming of at least one prior solidified layer is performed under a higher temperature condition than that for the forming of a subsequent solidified layer, the at least one prior solidified layer being formed prior to the subsequent solidified layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and device for generatively producing components, said device comprising a radiation device for selectively radiating a powder bed, and an induction device for inductively heating the component produced by radiating the powder bed, Said induction device comprising at least one voltage source which can simultaneously produce alternating voltages with at least two different frequencies.

Abstract: A workpiece-separating device includes: a holding member that detachably holds a workpiece among a layered body in which the workpiece that includes a circuit board and a supporting body that allows laser beams to pass therethrough are layered with each other via a separating layer that peelably alters with absorption of the laser beams; a laser irradiation part that performs irradiation of Gaussian beams pulse-oscillated as the laser beams toward the separating layer through the supporting body of the layered body held by the holding member; and a controlling part that controls an operation of the laser irradiation part, wherein the controlling part controls a distance between centers of the adjacent Gaussian beams of the laser beams pulse-oscillated from the laser irradiation part to be less than three times of a standard deviation when a relationship between a beam diameter and irradiation intensity is assumed as a normal distribution.

Abstract: In one implementation, a system comprising a target engine, a thermal engine, and a sacrificial object engine is described. The target engine is to identify a target region of a build bed of a print device where a target object is to be located. The thermal engine is to identify a temperature level of the target region. The sacrificial object engine is to identify an object location to place a sacrificial object in response to a determination that the temperature level of the target region is deficient to achieve a temperature threshold for production.