Abstract: The present invention provides a laminated glass sheet for windshield that includes a transparent conductive film and enables ITS communication. The laminated glass sheet includes a first bus-bar aranged along an upper end of the laminated glass sheet, and a second bus-bar arranged along a lower end of the laminated glass sheet, and the first busbar includes a protruding portion that extends toward the second bus-bar, and the transparent conductive film is not formed in a concave portion that is formed by the protruding portion. Since the concave portion can be used for the communication, the conductive film may be free from an opening.

Abstract: A device for implementing control or regulating functions in a motor vehicle having at least one control unit, at least one peripheral element, and at least one control module. The peripheral element is connected to the control unit and receives and/or sends signals, and the control or regulating functions are implemented by a triggering and/or analysis of the signals of the peripheral element. The device also includes at least one control module connected between the control unit and the peripheral element, the control module being composed of an electronic unit and a flexible extension, and the peripheral element being contacted to the flexible extension.

Abstract: A heatable vehicle window includes a bottom bus bar and a plurality of top bus bars. Voltages or electric potentials applied to the top bus bars are different, so that a first one of the top bus bars is at a given electric potential and another one of the top bus bars is at another electric potential (i.e., the voltages/potentials are offset from one another). The degree to which the top bus bar voltages/potentials are offset relative to one another is a function of the distance each respective bus bar is from the bottom bus bar across the heatable layer(s). Given a substantially continuous heatable layer(s), this can in certain example embodiments enable approximately uniform heating of the window (e.g., laminated vehicle windshield, laminated vehicle backlite, or laminated vehicle sidelite).

Abstract: The present invention also provides a transparency having a heatable wiper rest area comprising: a first glass sheet having an outer major surface and an inner major surface; a second glass sheet having an outer major surface and an inner major surface, wherein the inner major surface of the first glass sheet faces the inner major surface of the outer glass sheet; an interlayer material securing the inner major surface of the first glass sheet to the inner major surface of the second glass sheet; an opaque band positioned on the inner major surface of the outer glass sheet along at least a portion of a selected edge of the outer glass sheet at an expected wiper rest area; and a wiper rest area heating arrangement.

Abstract: A heating element or heater for use with an automotive windshield is adapted to prevent the accumulation of ice and slush on windshield wipers. The heater is defined by a laminate having an electrical resistance member sandwiched between the first and second films forming the laminate. Contacts extend out of the laminate for connection to a source of power. The electrical resistance member, preferably, comprises a resistance wire which reaches a temperature sufficient to melt snow and ice accumulating on the windshield wipers, but which is insufficient to melt the laminate or to create a fire hazard. Optimally, the heater is powered through an automotive lighter outlet or accessory power outlet disposed within the interior of the vehicle.

Abstract: The object of this invention is to provide a panel-type heating element having an excellent durability and high effectiveness in power saving. To attain this object, the present invention provides a panel-type heating element consisting of a base which a thin film containing zinc oxide and tin oxide can form a layer upon. The panel-type heating element is advantageously manufactured by a method comprising spraying a solution containing a zinc compound and a tin compound on a base. The solution then oxidizes by heating the base in a high temperature reaction chamber to form a thin film consisting of sediment containing zinc oxide and tin oxide on the surface of the base. As a result, the thin film gives the base excellent acid, water and chemical resistance, and heats quickly.

Abstract: A heatable article, e.g. a heatable windshield, having a generally trapezoidal shape has a conductive member, e.g. a conductive coating, between and in contact with a pair of spaced bus bars having different lengths. Selected portions of the coating between the bus bars are segmented to reduce the difference in watt density between the coatings at the bus bars when current moves through the coating. In one non-limiting embodiment, the width of the segments at the longer bus bar is less than the width of the segments at the longer bus bar. With this configuration, the watt density at the bottom of the windshield is increased to more efficiently remove ice and snow. In another non-limiting embodiment, the coating has a communication window to pass frequencies of the electromagnetic spectrum, e.g. RF frequencies, to obtain information from within the vehicle.

Abstract: A convertible vehicle having a body with a removable soft top and a separate rear window with an electrically-operable component. The rear window being selectively attachable to and removable from the top. A separable fastener assembly such as a zipper is provided with the top and the rear window so that the electrically-operated component is electrically connected with a vehicle power supply upon attachment of the rear window to the soft top.

Abstract: A windshield washer system for an automotive vehicle includes a reservoir for holding windshield washer fluid, and an applicator system for furnishing washer fluid from the reservoir to an exterior surface of the vehicle. A heat transfer system recovers heat from a braking system of the vehicle and conveys the recovered heat to the washer fluid contained within the reservoir.

Abstract: Localized heating of a window, such as a vehicle windshield or sidelight, is provided by dividing an optical coating that is electrically conductive into high and low heating zones. While the conductive coating covers substantially the entirety of the window, the coating is patterned to establish a preselected heating power density pattern. In one application, bus-to-bus dimensions are kept short and opposite polarity high heating zones are placed in a side-by-side relationship, so that the major portion of the window is left unheated and the bus connections may be placed along the same window edge. In another application, the bus-to-bus dimensions are significantly larger, but power concentration is provided by a pattern of isolation lines that narrow the dimensions of current flow through a zone in which heating is desired.

Abstract: An automotive glazing panel has an electrically heatable solar control coating layer, spaced first and second bus bars adapted to relay electrical power to the coating layer. The glazing panel is provided with at least two, spaced data transmission windows positioned at least partially in contact with the heatable solar control coating layer which are separated by a portion of the glazing panel which is in electrical contact with the electrically heatable solar control coating layer.

Abstract: A transparency, e.g. a laminated heatable windshield has a pair of spaced bus bars on an electric conductive member e.g. a sputtered electric conductive coating. The perimeter of the coating is spaced from the peripheral edge of the sheet to provide a non-conductive strip. Electric conductive leads connected to the bus bars provide external electric access to the bus bars. End portions of each of the bus bar extend beyond the perimeter of the coating into the non-conductive strip to minimize, if not eliminate, hot spots at the end portions of the bus bars. Additional features to reduce hot spots includes the pair of bus bars having different lengths with one of the bus bar extending along the top side of the coating and one of the bus bars extending along the bottom side of the coating. The portions of the coating between the bus bars do not extend beyond the ends of the longer bus bar.

Abstract: A laminate, e.g. a heatable windshield has a pair of glass sheets laminated together about a member responsive to electrical stimuli, e.g. changes transmission or is heated as current passes through the member. A pair of spaced bus bars is in surface contact with the conductive member, and a lead assembly associated with each of the bus bars has a lead in contact with its respective bus bar and extends beyond the periphery of the sheets. The lead assembly further includes first and second air barriers to prevent air from moving between the sheets after the edge sealing procedure and during autoclaving of the laminate subassembly. The first air barrier is an adhesive between surfaces of the lead and inner surfaces of an electric and mechanical protective sleeve positioned over portions of its respective lead.

Abstract: An air-conditioner for use in an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle includes an electric heater for heating water circulating through a heater core and a compressor for compressing refrigerant in a refrigeration cycle. The electric heater is powered by an on-board battery, and the compressor is also driven by the same on-board battery. When a voltage of the on-board battery abnormally increases to a first predetermined level, the electric heater is switched off to prevent the electric heater from being overheated. When the voltage further increases to a second predetermined level, operation of the compressor is also terminated. Thus, the electric heater is properly protected from the abnormally high voltage while properly keeping performance of the air-conditioner.

Abstract: An automotive glazing panel having an electrically heatable solar control coating layer, spaced first and second bus bars adapted to relay electrical power to the coating layer and a data transmission window positioned at least partially in contact with the heatable solar control coating layer is arranged such that at least a portion of the periphery of the data transmission window is bounded by an electrically conductive band having an electrical resistance measured in ohms per square significantly less than the electrical resistance measured in ohms per square of the heatable solar control coating layer. This may be used to minimize perturbations to the heating of the glazing caused by the presence of the data transmission window and/or provide more even heating over the entire windscreen.

Abstract: A glass pane including at least a glass sheet provided with heating strips powered by collectors, the heating strips being divided in groups. The power supply of the different groups is provided sequentially, each group being powered once per sequence. The supply is provided by a device equipped to measure the outside temperature and the temperature of the outer surface of the glass, to determine a minimum heating time for each group according to the outside temperature, and to maintain the heating in the group as long as the outer surface temperature of the glass opposite the group is not higher than the melting point of ice.

Abstract: A hand held device is deployed adjacent to the inside surface of a window so as to remove ice from the outside surface of the window by employing infrared heat energy that melts the ice adjacent to the interface of the ice and the window. As the ice adjacent to that interface is melted, the remaining unmelted ice is free to slide away. The device is moved across the inside of the window, thereby removing the ice from substantially the entire outside surface of the window. The device may be closed for transportation, and opened for use. It also includes a normally “off” safety switch to activate the infrared heat energy source.

Abstract: A condensation control system to remove or prevent condensation on a surface, such as a mirror. The condensation control system has a first terminal that is adapted to be directly connected to an AC power source and a second terminal. In one embodiment, the condensation control system includes a heating element, a power regulation device having a trigger, a voltage divider having an output, and a humidity sensor. The heating element is electrically coupled in series with the power regulation device between the first and second terminals. The voltage divider is electrically coupled in series between the first and second terninals and in parallel with the heating element and the power regulation device. The humidity sensor is electrically coupled between the output of the voltage divider and the trigger of the power regulation device.

Abstract: An improved method of electric window heater activation automatically and independently activates front and rear window heaters at a variable level based on the respective potential of fogging, within the ability of the vehicle electrical system to supply the requested current without discharging the storage battery. A defog controller develops front and rear fog factors indicative of the relative potential of fogging, and activates the respective electric heaters as required to drive the respective fog factor to zero. The fog factors are based on an estimate of the cabin air dewpoint temperature, the temperature of the respective window surfaces, and a temperature interval over which the fog factor signals only partial activation of the respective heater. The temperature interval is biased in a direction to provide preventative activation of the heaters at a relatively low level when the electrical power requirement is limited, and the activation level is limited as required to prevent battery discharging.

Abstract: A heatable vehicle window (e.g., windshield, sidelite or backlite) includes a multi-layer coating formed on a substrate. The multi-layer coating includes at least one dielectric layer and at least one conductive layer. A pair of bus bars are deposited on the substrate over the coating, so that at least the dielectric layer is provided between the bus bars and the conductive layer(s). In order to create an electrical connection between the bus bars and the conductive layer(s) of the coating, the bus bars and/or coating is/are heated to a temperature sufficient to permit the bus bars to reach molten or semi-molten form. Portions of bus bar material then flow down through at least the dielectric layer of the coating (i.e., forming a contact hole in the coating) so as to contact the coating's conductive layer(s). After cooling of the newly formed bus bars, the window may be selectively heated by passing current through the conductive layer(s) via the bus bars.

Abstract: The present invention is to provide an electrical heating plate structure, including an insulating plate, and an electrically conducting plate mounted on the insulating plate. The electrically conducting plate includes multiple heat emitting sections. Each of the heat emitting sections has different radial widths, so that each of the heat emitting sections has radial cross-sectional areas different from each other, thereby capable of controlling a temperature distribution of each region of the electrical heating plate structure.

Abstract: The present invention provides a laminated glass sheet for windshield that includes a transparent conductive film and enables ITS communication. The laminated glass sheet includes a first bus-bar arranged along an upper end of the laminated glass sheet, and a second bus-bar arranged along a lower end of the laminated glass sheet, and the first bus-bar includes a protruding portion that extends toward the second bus-bar, and the transparent conductive film is not formed in a concave portion that is formed by the protruding portion. Since the concave portion can be used for the communication, the conductive film may be free from an opening.

Abstract: A heatable window (e.g., vehicle windshield) includes a heatable layer including one or more conductive layers. The heatable layer may be a single layer conductive coating, or alternatively may be a multi-layer heatable coating including one or more dielectric layer(s) in addition to one or more heatable conductive layer(s). Bus bars are provided so that a voltage may be applied across at least one conductive layer of the coating, in order to heat the layer so that the coating generates heat for defogging, deicing and/or desnowing the window. At least a portion of one of the bus bars includes both an underlying conductive base layer portion, and an overlying conductive braid portion that is conductively attached to the conductive base portion. The braid portion significantly increases the current capacity of the bus bar portion if so desired.

Abstract: A harness protection case (13) whose overall height (H) from a surface of a rear glass (5) becomes higher than a connector (11) is provided adjacent to the connector (11) on the surface of the rear glass (5), the harness protection case (13) being provided with a holding portion (40) for bundling a plurality of harnesses together.

Abstract: A building for containing occupants, with at least one covering element to provide at least one roof portion, at least one wall portion, and at least one floor portion, to provide an interior space to contain and protect occupants from an adverse environment about the building or other structures. The building has an opening to permit occupants to ingress and egress, a window comprising at least one pane, comprising at least an outer pane disposed to contact the adverse environment about the building and at least one inner pane disposed toward the interior space of the building. The pane exposed to the environment about the building or structure comprises a glass material that has a minimized coefficient of thermal expansion. The building also has an insulation to protect occupants from adverse temperature and environmental conditions about the building and a heating apparatus to provide heat to the space provided by the at least one covering element, the window, and the insulation.

Abstract: A structure of a window heat wire connector of an automobile is disclosed to make a reduction in the number of window manufacturing processes and in the manufacturing cost by simplifying the structure of a connector that connects between heat wire and electric wire arranged on the window, the structure of a window heat wire connector comprising: connection frames connecting a plurality of heat wires aligned on the window; and an electric wire connector connected to the connection frames to supply power from battery, wherein the electric wire connector comprises; a first connection plate connected with an electric wire in the housing fixed at a vehicle body panel; a second connection plate elastically supported against the first connection plate via a first return spring; and a connection ball elastically supported via the second return spring at an accommodating part formed on the second connection plate.

Abstract: A heatable vehicle window includes a bottom bus bar and a plurality of top bus bars. Voltages or electric potentials applied to the top bus bars are different, so that a first one of the top bus bars is at a given electric potential and another one of the top bus bars is at another electric potential (i.e., the voltages/potentials are offset from one another). The degree to which the top bus bar voltages/potentials are offset relative to one another is a function of the distance each respective bus bar is from the bottom bus bar across the heatable layer(s). Given a substantially continuous heatable layer(s), this can in certain example embodiments enable approximately uniform heating of the window (e.g., laminated vehicle windshield, laminated vehicle backlite, or laminated vehicle sidelite).

Abstract: A work surface is subjected to a corona discharge treatment and then to printing or coating. A container surface is subjected to a corona discharge treatment and preheating and then to printing or coating. The printed or coated container is heated to dry the ink or coating material and the filled materials in the container are also heat-treated. The printing or coating used is of the non-spray type. The preheating device and heating device used are of the high frequency heating type. A direction change mechanism is provided to make it possible to apply printing or coating to one container at two or more places therein and to subject containers in general to preheating and a corona discharge treatment.

Abstract: An improved method of electric window heater activation automatically and independently activates front and rear window heaters at a variable level based on the respective potential of fogging, within the ability of the vehicle electrical system to supply the requested current without discharging the storage battery. A defog controller develops front and rear fog factors indicative of the relative potential of fogging, and activates the respective electric heaters as required to drive the respective fog factor to zero. The fog factors are based on an estimate of the cabin air dewpoint temperature, the temperature of the respective window surfaces, and a temperature interval over which the fog factor signals only partial activation of the respective heater. The temperature interval is biased in a direction to provide preventative activation of the heaters at a relatively low level when the electrical power requirement is limited, and the activation level is limited as required to prevent battery discharging.

Abstract: A heatable vehicle window including at least three different heating zones. A conductive coating is divided into at least three different heatable coating portions which are spaced apart from one another. A top bus bar includes a step or protruding portion which extends toward the bottom bus bar at an area of an intermediate one of the heatable coating portions. This protruding portion enables, for example and without limitation, a rain sensor or toll device to efficiently transmit and/or receive signals (e.g. IR signals, RF signals, or the like) through the window at an area behind the protrusion where the coating has been deleted. Because of the division of the coating into at least three different heatable coating portions, approximately uniform current distribution is enabled along the top bus bar (even at the protruding portion thereof) so as to reduce the likelihood of overheating.

Abstract: An electrical connection mechanism for the resistive grid of a motor vehicle drop glass, wherein an electrical connection is established only when a grid terminal, which is affixed to the drop glass, is in contact with a gate terminal, which is affixed to the tailgate. The gate terminal may optionally be located at a push switch, wherein the push switch, which is biased OFF, is switched ON when the grid terminal contacts and presses upon the gate terminal.

Abstract: A heating element or heater for use with an automotive windshield is adapted to prevent the accumulation of ice and slush on windshield wipers. The heater is defined by a laminate having an electrical resistance member sandwiched between the first and second films forming the laminate. Contacts extend out of the laminate for connection to a source of power. The electrical resistance member, preferably, comprises a resistance wire which reaches a temperature sufficient to melt snow and ice accumulating on the windshield wipers, but which is insufficient to melt the laminate or to create a fire hazard. Optimally, the heater is powered through an automotive lighter outlet or accessory power outlet disposed within the interior of the vehicle.

Abstract: Opposing substrates of a vehicle window are laminated to one another using a polymer inclusive interlayer which has a notch or cut-out portion defined therein. Following lamination, at least one bus bar(s) supported by one of the substrates is exposed in this notch or cut-out portion of the interlayer. Then, an external connector may be electrically connected to the bus bar(s) at a location between the opposed substrates, by sliding a portion of the connector into a gap between the two laminated substrates at a location where the bus bar(s) is exposed due to the notch or cut-out in the interlayer. Because the connector can be electrically connected to the bus bar(s) after the lamination process, various techniques (e.g., nipper rolls, vacuum apparatus, etc.) may be used to laminate the substrates to one another prior to this electrical connection.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus 12 for quickly heating a portion of a vehicle 10, such as a windshield 22 or backwindow 20. Particularly, apparatus 12 includes several conductors 40 which are coupled to electrical ground potential 42 and which have opposed ends 44, 46 which are alternatingly coupled to a source of energy 26, thereby allowing the portion of the vehicle 10 to be quickly heated.

Abstract: The invention relates to a glass pane including (a) a glass substrate having first and second major surfaces opposed to each other, (b) a functional film formed on the first major surface of the glass substrate, and (c) a conductive wire formed on the functional film. This glass pane is produced by a process having the sequential steps of (a) applying a coating liquid to the first major surface of the glass substrate, thereby forming thereon a first precursory film; (b) subjecting the coated glass substrate to a first baking at a first temperature of 550-620° C., thereby turning the first precursory film into a second precursory film; (c) printing a metal-containing paste on a part of the second precursory film, thereby forming thereon a precursory conductive wire; and (d) subjecting the coated glass substrate to a second baking at a second temperature of 600-670° C.

Abstract: A heatable vehicle window (e.g., windshield, sidelite or backlite) includes a multi-layer coating formed on a substrate. The multi-layer coating includes at least one dielectric layer and at least one conductive layer. A pair of bus bars are deposited on the substrate over the coating, so that at least the dielectric layer is provided between the bus bars and the conductive layer(s). In order to create an electrical connection between the bus bars and the conductive layer(s) of the coating, the bus bars and/or coating is/are heated to a temperature sufficient to permit the bus bars to reach molten or semi-molten form. Portions of bus bar material then flow down through at least the dielectric layer of the coating (i.e., forming a contact hole in the coating) so as to contact the coating's conductive layer(s). After cooling of the newly formed bus bars, the window may be selectively heated by passing current through the conductive layer(s) via the bus bars.

Abstract: A bus bar arrangement for a heatable vehicle window. An electroconductive coating is divided into two separate coating portions which represent two different respective heating zones. A single bottom bus bar is common to both heating zones, while a first upper/top bus bar portion is provided for the first heating zone and a different second upper/top bus bar portion is provided for the second heating zone. The two upper/top bus bars are spaced apart and electrically insulated from one another. Conductive bus bar extension portions lead from the respective upper bus bars down to a bottom edge of the window (e.g., vehicle windshield) so that electrical connectors for all three bus bars can be located along or proximate a single edge of the window.

Abstract: A bus bar arrangement for a heatable vehicle window. An electroconductive coating is divided into two separate coating portions which represent two different respective heating zones. A single bottom bus bar is common to both heating zones, while a first upper/top bus bar portion is provided for the first heating zone and a different second upper/top bus bar portion is provided for the second heating zone. The two upper/top bus bars are spaced apart and electrically insulated from one another. Conductive bus bar extension portions lead from the respective upper bus bars down to a bottom edge of the window (e.g., vehicle windshield) so that electrical connectors for all three bus bars can be located along or proximate a single edge of the window.

Abstract: A structure of a window heat wire connector of an automobile is disclosed to make a reduction in the number of window manufacturing processes and in the manufacturing cost by simplifying the structure of a connector that connects between heat wire and electric wire arranged on the window, the structure of a window heat wire connector comprising: connection frames connecting a plurality of heat wires aligned on the window; and an electric wire connector connected to the connection frames to supply power from battery, wherein the electric wire connector comprises; a first connection plate connected with an electric wire in the housing fixed at a vehicle body panel; a second connection plate elastically supported against the first connection plate via a first return spring; and a connection ball elastically supported via the second return spring at an accommodating part formed on the second connection plate.

Abstract: A heatable rear view mirror assembly providing a visible indication to a driver of heating function is disclosed. The assembly includes a mirror housing, at least one mirror pane disposed within the mirror housing, at least one heating element disposed within the mirror housing for heating the mirror pane, a thermostat disposed within the mirror housing for automatically activating the heating element, and a display element secured to the mirror housing and visible to the driver, the display element being activated by the thermostat upon activation of the heating element. A related mirror assembly is also disclosed.

Abstract: A bus bar arrangement for a heatable vehicle window. A conductive extension is attached to a central portion of a top bus bar and extends down one side/edge of the window to the bottom side/edge thereof so that both the top and bottom bus bar electrical connectors can be located along the same side/edge (i.e., bottom side/edge) of the window. By attaching the conductive extension to the top bus bar proximate a central portion thereof, current along or through the top bus bar may be distributed in an approximately uniform manner so as to reduce the potential for hot-spots or the like.

Abstract: In a device and method for sensing condensation conditions and for removing such condensation from a surface, a first thermal sensor is in thermally conductive contact with the surface. A second thermal sensor is in thermally conductive contact with a cooling device. A circuit activates the cooling device in order to maintain the second thermal sensor at a temperature that is lower than a temperature of the first thermal sensor. A humidity sensor is in thermally conductive contact with the cooling device. A circuit causes a condensation removal mechanism to be activated for removing liquid from the surface when the humidity sensor indicates a presence of condensation at the temperature that is lower than the temperature of the first thermal sensor.

Abstract: A resin window 1 with a conductor in which a conductor print 3 is interposed between a resin panel 2 and a resin film 4 joined to one side of the resin panel, includes a metal film 6 provided on one side of the resin film 4 that is joined to the resin panel 2. The metal film 6 is connected to a conductor print 3 at a portion thereof and is exposed through an opening 5 formed in the resin film 4. The resin panel 2 has integrally formed fixing pins 7 that protrude to the outer surface side of the resin film 4 through the metal film 6. A terminal 8 is secured to a resin window 1 by heat treating the fixing pins 7 with a mounting base 8a of the terminal 8 made of electrically conductive material being overlaid on the metal film 6.

Abstract: An automated sunshade and defrosting assembly for protecting automotive interior surfaces and decreasing windshield defrosting time, includes a pair of tracks designed for coupling on opposite sides of a windshield of a vehicle. A sunshade member extends between the pair of tracks. The sunshade is extendable into an extended position defined by the sunshade covering the windshield. The sunshade is retractable into a retracted position defined by the sunshade uncovering the windshield. A heating element extends through the sunshade for selectively heating the windshield for preventing frost buildup on the windshield. A control unit is provided for selectively extending and retracting the sunshade between the extended and retracted positions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a laminated pane (1), in particular heating or aerial pane, having electrically conductive wires (2) which are embedded in a thermoplastic adhesion layer (3) and are in electrical contact in particular with at least one connection element, and is distinguished by the fact that the wires (2) comprise at least two conductive material layers, one of which consists of a metal which can withstand high mechanical loads and the other of which consists of a metal of higher electrical conductivity and good solderability. In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the laminated pane (1), there are electrically conductive wires (2) which have a core which is made from a metal which can withstand mechanical loads and is sheathed by a metal of higher conductivity and good solderability.

Abstract: A de-icing system for de-icing a window pane, in particular a window pane of a motor vehicle, comprising a reservoir for receiving a de-icing liquid, a heating element for heating the de-icing liquid, a pump for pumping the de-icing liquid from the reservoir through the heating element to at least one outlet, wherein the at least one outlet is shaped such that the heated de-icing liquid is nebulized and precipitates as distributed hot droplets on the window pane to be de-iced.

Abstract: A wiper rest heater is connected to a sensor. The sensor, when temperatures are low, directly or indirectly measures whether or not the windshield wiper can be moved when the wiper motor is switched on, without thereby damaging the wiper blade element or the motor. As a function of this, the wiper rest heater is then either switched on or off by an intelligent control.

Abstract: An open forklift truck is provided having an elongated windshield that protects the operator from wind chills experienced when operating the truck in a cold storage environment. The windshield is a laminate having a plurality of heating elements disposed therein that are electrically connected to a control and are energized when the windshield falls below a predetermined temperature to prevent condensation from accumulating on the windshield when the truck is moved into a warmer environment. Accordingly, both sides of the windshield are maintained at a temperature greater than the dew point of the warmer environment.

Abstract: The invention relates to a laminated pane (1), in particular heating or aerial pane, having electrically conductive wires (2) which are embedded in a thermoplastic adhesion layer (3) and are in electrical contact in particular with at least one connection element, and is distinguished by the fact that the wires (2) comprise at least two conductive material layers, one of which consists of a metal which can withstand high mechanical loads and the other of which consists of a metal of higher electrical conductivity and good solderability. In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the laminated pane (1), there are electrically conductive wires (2) which have a core which is made from a metal which can withstand mechanical loads and is sheathed by a metal of higher conductivity and good solderability.

Abstract: A cover of an openable motor vehicle roof with a cover plate, an edge gap seal, and a peripheral plastic frame which is foamed or injected onto an edge side of the cover plate. The cover is provided with at least one heating element which is integrated into the plastic frame. In one embodiment, the heating element is a heating wire that is clipped into a recess provided on the plastic frame. In another embodiment, a reinforcing frame is embedded in the plastic frame and the heating element is attached to the reinforcing frame.