Abstract: A ceramic glow plug includes an unjacketed ceramic heater formed by a coiled heating wire of a high melting point tungsten alloy having a specific resistance of at least 10 .mu. ohms/cm.sup.3 embedded within a sintered ceramic body. The ceramic body has a diameter D of not more than 4.0 mm and is fitted into a hollow metallic cylinder with a tip portion thereof projecting less than three times its diameter D beyond a first axial end of the cylinder. The other end of the metallic cylinder is fitted into a mounting sleeve. The coiled portion of the heating wire is disposed substantially entirely within the projecting tip portion of the ceramic body. A resistor of iron or nickel wire may be positioned in the sleeve and connected in series with the heating wire for inhibiting overheating of the ceramic heater.

Abstract: There is described a lighter for ovens, open hearths and similar, which comprises a holder the one end of which on the one hand is extended with a support from fire-proof non-conducting material wherein an incandescent resistor is supported, which resistor may be engaged directly with the solid fuel to be lighted, such as wood or coal, and the other end of which on the other hand, is provided with a handle which is connectable to an electric power source.

Abstract: A ceramic heater has a heater element made of a mixture including MoSi.sub.2 and Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 powder as a main ingredient and silica (SiO.sub.2) powder as an additive, a heater support member made of an electrically insulating ceramic sintered body for supporting the heater element and an electric current supply means for supplying an electric current to the heater element. The composition of the mixture for the heater element is defined so as to satisfy the following formula: 0.035.ltoreq.B/A<0.35 where A is the amount of Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 expressed by mol percent of the total amount of the main ingredient of MoSi.sub.2 and Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 and B is the amount of SiO.sub.2 expressed by mol percent of the total amount of the main ingredient of MoSi.sub.2 and Si.sub.3 N.sub.4.

Abstract: A rapid heating self-control type glow plug used for starting a Diesel engine, particularly, such a glow plug which is also used for regulating the cylinder or auxiliary combustion chamber temperature following starting and during normal operations of the engine. A resistor wire is connected in series with a heating wire embedded in a ceramic body. The heating wire is formed of a tungsten alloy having a temperature resistance coefficient at 1000.degree. C. no greater than 4 times that at room temperature, while the resistor has a positive temperature resistance coefficient at 1000.degree. C. no less than 5 times that at room temperature. Preferably, the tungsten alloy consists of tungsten and at least one of rhenium, cobalt, thorium, molybdenum and zirconium, with rhenium in an amount of 2 to 50 wt % being preferred, and rhenium in an amount of 10 to 30 wt % being the most preferable. The resistor is preferably a wire made of at least one of nickel, tungsten, molybdenum and iron.

Abstract: A sintered ceramic electric heater suitably applicable to a glow plug of a diesel engine has a heater element formed of an electrically conductive sintered ceramic integrally sintered with a support member made of an electrically insulating sintered ceramic material. The heater element is formed as a sintered body of a mixture of MoSi.sub.2 powder having an average diameter not greater than 2 .mu.m and 35 to 75 mol % of Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 powder. The average particle diameter of the Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 powder is at least twice as large as that of the MoSi.sub.2 powder so that electrically interconnecting MoSi.sub.2 particles surround scattered Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 particles whereby the resistance of the heater element becomes equal to that of MoSi.sub.2 and the temperature coefficient of the heater element is increased.

Abstract: A sintered ceramic heater, particularly a heater for a glow plug of a diesel engine, includes a sintered ceramic heater, which generates heat upon receiving an electric current, supported by an electrically insulating sintered ceramic body. The heater element includes a U-shaped cross-section outer portion integrally sintered with and covering a central portion. Each portion is formed of a sintered ceramic body of a mixture of electrically conductive ceramic powder having an average diameter of not more than 2 .mu.m and selected from the group consisting of MoSi.sub.2, WSi.sub.2, TiB.sub.2 and TiC, and 35-75 mol % of electrically insulating ceramic powder, e.g., Si.sub.3 N.sub.4. The central and outer portions have the same composition.

Abstract: A glow plug for a compression ignited or Diesel engine having a base member, an axial electrode and a heater member. The heater member comprising a conductive surface film heater element disposed on the surface of a dielectric substrate. The surface film heater element having one end of electrical contact with the base member and the other end in electrical contact with the axial electrode.

Abstract: A glow plug for a compression ignited or Diesel engine having a base member, an axial electrode and a heater member. The heater member comprising a conductive surface film heater element disposed on the surface of a dielectric substrate. The surface film heater element having one end in electrical contact with the base member and the other end in electrical contact with the axial electrode.

Abstract: A glow plug for an internal combustion engine is disclosed. The glow plug of the present invention comprises a heater support member projecting into a combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine, the heater support member being formed of an electric insulating material; a heater member affixed to the outer surface of the heater support member, the heater member being formed of an electrically conductive, heat- and oxidation-resistant ceramic material; at least three lead wires for power supply embedded in the heater support member, one end of the lead wires being connected each independently to the heater member; and a power switching means interposed between the other ends of those lead wires and a power source for connecting the power source selectively between the lead wires. By the selective connection between the lead wires performed by the power switching means, a plurality of heater elements having different resistance values are formed within the heater member.

Abstract: A glow plug for preheating the combustion chamber of a diesel engine includes a tubular metal sheath (5) closed at an end to define a tip and in which an electric heating element spiral (7) is embedded within a powder (6) of an electrically insulating material. The spiral (7) is connected by one end to the sheath tip and and at its other end to a current feeder (4). The filament (8) of the spiral (7) is advantageously made of a Fe-Cr-Al alloy and is coated for an initial length (L.sub.1) of the spiral (7), from the connection location thereof with the current feeder (4), with a high electrical conductivity material (9), preferably nickel (Ni) having a very high positive temperature coefficient of resistance with respect to that of the filament (8). The uncoated end length (L.sub.2) of the spiral (7) acts as a heating element while the initial coated length (L.sub.1) acts as a control resistance element for the supply current upon increase in the sheath temperature.

Abstract: A glow plug having a hollow cylindrical metal shell, an axial electrical terminal, and a heater member protruding externally from the shell. The heater member has a surface film heater element disposed on at least one surface of an electrically nonconductive cylindrical substrate. Electrical connections between the heater element, the shell and the axial electrode are made by conductive surface films. A first conductive surface film disposed on the external surface of the cylindrical substrate makes electrical contact with the shell. A second conductive surface film disposed on the internal surface of the cylindrical substrate makes electrical contact with the axial electrical terminal. The heating element is preferably a transition metal surface film which catalytically reacts with the air/fuel mixture to enhance combustion at lower temperatures. The thermal response time of the surface film heater element from ambient to an operating temperature exceeding 800.degree. C. is less than 5 seconds.

Abstract: In a compressed air charged combustion engine, in order to improve the atomization and ignition of the injected fuel from an injection nozzle, a glow plug which extends out of its glow plug housing with a cylindrically formed heating rod is provided with an irregular outer surface in the region which is impinged by the stream of fuel. The heating rod exhibits a cylindrical form and is provided with ring grooves to form the irregular surface area. Moreover the fuel stream meets at a sharp angle onto the heating rod.

Abstract: A smoothing iron has a body structure with a handle (5) and a baseplate (36), a gas burner (44), for heating the baseplate (36), and a tank (8) to contain gas, for fuelling the burner (44), maintained under pressure in liquid form, for example liquefied butane or propane gas. In a preferred form, the body structure has a first portion (1) with the handle (5) and tank (8), and a second portion (2) with the baseplate (36), those portions being air-spaced with the exception of connections (4) of very low heat-conductive capacity. The handle (5) and tank (8) are advantageously integrally moulded of plastics material.

Abstract: A glow plug for preheating the combustion chamber of a diesel engine. The glow plug has a ceramic heater rod with an embedded resistor. A metal holder holds the front of the heater rod. A terminal assembly at the rear of the holder provides for two electrically isolated terminals which are connected to the heater rod by flexible, insulated wires. The insulating bush which isolates the terminals is formed by inserting insulating material between a metal pipe and the terminals. This pipe is then subject to external force to create an air-tight seal.

Abstract: A ceramic heater comprises a heat generator made of a conductive ceramic sintered body, a supporter made of an insulating ceramic sintered body for supporting the heat generator, and a metallic wire for supplying an electric current from an electrode to the heat generator. The heat generator is integrally covered with an unporous covering layer made of an insulating ceramic sintered body. The covering layer prevents the heat generator from being directly exposed to oil and water. The covering layer is made of, for example Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 or glass containing SiO.sub.2 as a main constituent into a thickness of not more than 1mm.

Abstract: A self-regulating electric glow plug for an air-compressing internal combustion engine includes an elongated tube having a first end arranged within a plug housing and a second closed end defining a tubular component adapted to extend into a combustion chamber of the engine to produce heat when heated to a glowing condition. A coiled electric resistance heating element is disposed entirely within the tubular component and is embedded in a mass of thermally conductive electrical filling the tube. The resistance element includes two oppositely wound resistance wire coils connected in an end-to-end serially connected array with the first coil being located closest to the glow plug housing and the second coil being located closest to the closed tube end. The first coil has a higher positive temperature coefficient of resistance than the second coil.

Abstract: In a glow plug for use in a diesel engine of the type comprising a first helical heating member, a second helical heating member connected to the first heating member and made of material having larger positive resistance temperature coefficient than that of the first heating member, and a sheath enclosing the first and second heating members, the ratio between the length of the first heating member and the sheath diameter is selected to be less than 1.5, and the resistance ratio at normal temperature of the first and second heating members is selected to lie in a range of from 2.5 to 7.0.

Abstract: A glow plug for a compression ignited or Diesel engine having a base member, an axial electrode and a heater member. The heater member comprising a conductive surface film heater element disposed on the surface of a dielectric substrate. The surface film heater element having one end in electrical contact with the base member and the other end in electrical contact with the axial electrode.

Abstract: A vaporization burner operated by means of liquid fuel for heaters, especially motor vehicle heaters. The burner has a combustion chamber, into which combustion air can be introduced in a turbulent manner under pressure. The burner also has a vaporization body made of an absorbent material that is supplied with fuel and has an essentially flat evaporation surface that faces into the combustion chamber for vaporizing the supplied fuel prior to mixing with the combustion air. Situated in the combustion chamber is an electric ignition device for igniting an initial flame. In accordance with preferred embodiments, the ignition device is an essentially flat glow-type heating element which is disposed in a plane that is adjacent and parallel to the evaporation surface of the vaporization body.

Abstract: The heat generating member in a ceramic glow plug is a coil embedded in the ceramic. The coil is wound to have a coil angle, i.e. an angle formed between the coil and a line parallel to the coil axis, of no more than 60.degree.. The ceramic may be a non-oxide ceramic, nitride ceramic, SiC ceramic, or the like.

Abstract: A ceramic heater including a ceramic insulator having a circular cross section, and a heating coil having an oval cross section, embedded in the insulator along the length thereof, and bent in a U-shaped form with the bend adjacent one end of the insulator. One of a pair of parallel coil portions defining the U-shaped coil has a long cross sectional diameter lying parallel to that of the other coil portion. The diameter of a cylinder defined by the outer surfaces of the coil portions and the outside diameter of the insulator have a ratio of 35:100 to 70:100.

Abstract: The present invention employs a heating element means which is formed into an endless configuration, i.e., a closed plane, circular configuration, loop, etc. In a preferred embodiment the heating element means comprises a molybdenum strip although a plurality of molybdenum sections, which are secured to one another to make up a continuous sectionalized strip could be used. When such a strip conducts electrical current there is heat generated (I.sup.2 R) and such heated strips are the source of heat for the hot zone chamber of a vacuum furnace. There are a number of such continuous strips which make up the overall heating element means for a hot zone chamber. The continuous strips, or heating elements, each has first and second terminal means secured thereto at respectively first and second different locations, so that between said first and second terminals there exist two separated electrical current paths, or a bifurcated path.

Abstract: A ceramic heater device has a housing section and a heating section. The heating section includes a sintered ceramic insulator attached to a metal housing and a U-shaped sintered ceramic heater body fixed to the insulator, so that the heater body is supported by the housing section by means of the insulator in order to avoid a direct connection between the metal housing and the heater body. As a result, heat generated at the heater body may not be transferred to the metal housing, and thereby the heat can be effectively used to ignite a mixture of air and fuel in an engine and a rigid and stable support of the heater body to the metal housing can be obtained.

Abstract: An ignition device of the plasma jet type is disclosed. The device has a cylindrical cavity formed in insulating material with an electrode at one end. The other end of the cylindrical cavity is closed by a metal plate with a small orifice in the center which plate serves as a second electrode. An arc jumping between the first electrode and the orifice plate causes the formation of a highly-ionized plasma in the cavity which is ejected through the orifice into the engine cylinder area to ignite the main fuel mixture.Two improvements are disclosed to enhance the operation of the device and the length of the plasma plume. One improvement is a metal hydride ring which is inserted in the cavity next to the first electrode. During operation, the high temperature in the cavity and the highly excited nature of the plasma breaks down the metal hydride, liberating hydrogen which acts as an additional fuel to help plasma formation.

Abstract: A ceramic heater comprising a supporting member made of an electrically insulating ceramic and a heater element made of a ceramic having excellent oxidization resistance, thermal shock resistance and high bending strength at a high temperature is disclosed. The heater element is formed by sintering a mixture composed of MoSi.sub.2 and 10 to 70 mol % of Si.sub.3 N.sub.4. By adding 3 to 10 mol % of at least one material selected from the group consisting of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, a mixture of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and MgO and MgAl.sub.2 O.sub.4 to the above mixture, a heater element having a sufficient sintering degree can be obtained even by atmospheric sintering.

Abstract: A glow plug has an outer metal housing have a wall defining an internal axially extending bore and a tubular heater that has an external tubular sheath of metal with a heated end of the sheath extending outwardly of the housing and an opposite internal end within the housing bore. The sheath is structurally secured to and electrically connected to the metal housing and the sheath has a closed outer end. An electrical heating element is positioned within the heater sheath and is electrically connected to the tubular sheath. The heating element has a conductor extending outwardly from the other end of the sheath. Electrical insulating material fills the space between the heating element and the sheath. An insulative compressible washer member is compressed between the sheath and the conductor to provide a first interference fit seal to prevent the flow of gas between the sheath and conductor and into the interior of the tubular heater.

Abstract: A glow plug for use in a diesel engine comprises first and second helical heaters covered with a sheath. The second heater is made of material having larger resistance temperature coefficient than that of the first heater. A gap larger than winding pitches of the two heaters is provided there between and the two heaters are electrically interconnected in the gap.

Abstract: A ceramic heating element is held in a metal housing to be mounted on an internal combustion engine, so that the heating element is operated as a glow plug for igniting an air-fuel mixture. The ceramic heating element is formed of an electrode section housed in the housing and a heat generating section extending out of the housing, whereby the heat generating section is exposed to the mixture in an engine cylinder. The electrode and heat generating sections are divided into two portions, respectively, and both forward ends of divided heat generating portions are connected with each other, so that electric current flows from one of the electrode portions through the divided heat generating portions to the other electrode portion.

Abstract: An improved glow plug (10) which is adapted to be continuously electrically heated to a preselected elevated temperature in order to ignite relatively lower-cetane-number alternative fuels. The glow plug (10) includes a ceramic surface ignition element (20) disposed substantially externally of the glow plug body (18) and means (24) for permitting thermal expansion and contraction of the ignition element (20) while maintaining continuous electrically-conductable and gas-impermeable contact between the ignition element (20) and the glow plug body (18).

Abstract: An electric starting aid for a compression ignition engine includes a central conductive rod housed within a hollow extension secured to a body part. The rod has a tapered portion at least part of which extends beyond the extension and about which a conductive tape forming a heating element is wound in helical overlapping relationship. A fused glass filling supports the rod and element within the extension.

Abstract: A glow plug for internal combustion engines, the plug including a plug barrel, an electric heater for igniting the fuel, and a device for the metered injection of liquid fuel into the glow plug. The plug includes a centrally positioned heating pin in a pasageway through which the metered fuel passes, the heating pin including a thickened portion to define a valve. A chamber is provided in the glow plug barrel and is heated by the electric heater for evaporating the injected liquid fuel. The barrel includes a tube around the heating pin tip to provide a mixing chamber that contains concentrically arranged bores that extend into the mixing chamber and are connected to an air supply line in the vicinity of the opposite end of the plug barrel to permit air and evaporated fuel to mix to give improved combustion.

Abstract: In a glow plug for use in a diesel engine of the type wherein a heater rod is connected to one end of a hollow holder, and an external connecting terminal is inserted into the other end of the hollow holder through an electric insulator and electrically connected to the heater rod, an integrally combined terminal unit including a metal pipe, an electric insulator and the external connecting terminal embedded in the insulator is prepared. After inserting the terminal unit into the other end of the hollow holder, an external pressure is applied to the other end to deform the metal pipe for firmly bonding the metal pipe to the insulator. Thereafter an end surface of the other end of the hollow holder is caulked to form an annular ring that holds the inserted terminal unit. With this construction, the completed glow plug is maintained in a perfect air tight state regardless of the variation in the ambient temperature.

Abstract: A ceramic heater having a heating element of a sintered mixture comprising alumina and titanium nitride and/or titanium carbide. The heating element has a specific resistance in a range from 10.sup.-4 to several .OMEGA.cm. The ceramic heater may have supporting substrates of insulating materials with which the heating element is covered. The ceramic heater can be used at a temperature above 1000.degree. C.

Abstract: Silicon carbide shapes of the general type shown and described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,125,756 are densified and nitrided in such a way as to produce shapes with improved durability and reduction in temperature span in response to voltage changes.

Abstract: An electrical resistance heater or igniter characterized by having a core bonded by regrowth of silicon carbide is produced by heating particulate silicon carbide which may be mixed with a minor amount of modifying agent, by means of an uncharged beam of energy, to a temperature above 3000.degree. F. and below 5500.degree. F. and subsequently cooling the resultant coherent shape below 3000.degree. F., both stops being completed within a period of ten minutes. In the preferred method, unconsolidated particulate silicon carbide is exposed to the energy of a laser beam and the particulate silicon carbide has a particle size within the range of magnitude of ten to three hundred microns. Upon its initial formation, the shape or element has a core and a distinctly delineated rind which is attached to the core. The core has a relatively low resistivity as compared with the rind.

Abstract: A glow plug for preheating the combustion chamber of a diesel engine. The glow plug has a heat generating portion and a mounting portion. The heat generating portion is provided with a ceramic central electrode made of an electrically insulating material and provided with at least one spiral screw-thread groove formed in the outer peripheral surface thereof. A ceramic electric resistor serving as a heat generating member is disposed in the groove. The electric resistor is made of TiC or SiC with or without addition of Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.

Abstract: In a glow plug for use in a diesel engine of the type wherein a heater rod is connected to one end of a hollow holder, and an external connecting terminal is inserted into the other end of the hollow holder through an electric insulator and electrically connected to the heater rod, an integrally combined terminal unit including a metal pipe, an electric insulator and the external connecting terminal embedded in the insulator is prepared. After inserting the terminal unit into the other end of the hollow holder, an external pressure is applied to the other end to deform the metal pipe for firmly bonding the metal pipe to the insulator. Thereafter an end surface of the other end of the hollow holder is caulked to form an annular ring that holds the inserted terminal unit. With this construction, the completed glow plug is maintained in a perfect air tight state regardless of the variation in the ambient temperature.

Abstract: A sheathed electric heater especially of the type used as diesel engine glow plugs has a dual coil heating element including separate tip heater and PTC body control coils thermally isolated by a low resistance connector section made from interengaging small diameter coiled connector portions integral with the tip and body coils and preferably welded together. Preferred material and dimensional specifications and pertinent design considerations are also included.

Abstract: A glow-plug ignitor for diesel engines and the like, comprising a tubular body having external screw threads and an adjoining hexagonal formation by which a tool such as a wrench can be applied to the body to screw it into the threaded cavity of a cylinder. Next to the hexagonal formation is a spade lug connector for bringing current to the plug, the connector being so arranged as to permit the application of either a socket-type wrench or else a box-end wrench. The inner end of the body has an elongate projecting pin on which there is a tightly wound resistance coil that becomes incandescent when excited with the proper electric current. The valleys of the coil show higher temperatures, for a given heating current, due to the radiation and reception of radiated heat involving the opposed surfaces; therefore, starts at lower engine temperatures are improved.

Abstract: An infrared source comprising an electrically powered, hollow cylindrical rod which operates at lower temperatures and yet has no decrease in output power is configured by increasing the outside diameter of the rod and inserting grooves therein which provide cavities increasing the apparent surface emissivity of the rod.

Abstract: Wire-wound resistor covered with a layer of enamel on the basis of a zinc borosilicate having a composition:______________________________________ SiO.sub.2 6-18 CaO 5-12 B.sub.2 O.sub.3 35-60 Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 5-15 Na.sub.2 O 2-12 ZrO.sub.2 5-10 ZnO 10-25 CoO 0,1-2 ______________________________________wherein Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 +ZrO.sub.2 exceeds twice the Na.sub.2 O-content and some maxima for permissible contents of other oxides, including coloring oxides, are indicated.This enamel provides a proper solution of the problem of composing an enamel being adequately alkali-proof and being located in the proper range of coefficients of expansion for Ni-Cr and Ni-Cu-wire.

Abstract: An electric charcoal igniting device consisting of an upright open-ended sleeve of fire-resistant sheet metal in combination with an electric heating element. The heat loop of the electric element is disposed in the interior of the sleeve and the insulated handle of the element is secured to the exterior wall of the sleeve. In use the device is placed directly onto the pan, or coal-holding grate, of a charcoal grill, the sleeve is filled with the desired amount of charcoal briquets or the like, and the electric element is plugged in to ignite the briquets. When the desired degree of ignition is obtained, the device is lifted by the handle leaving the ignited coals in place.

Abstract: The electrical resistance hot-plate of the plug of the lighter comprises a holder which houses and retains a heating element in the form of a metal strip shaped, for example, in accordion-pleated folds or a coil, so as to have consecutive turns which together define respective flat faces at the two opposing edges of the strip, at least one of which is so situated in correspondence with an open side of the holder for receiving the tip of a cigarette. The consecutive turns of the strip are spaced apart so as to define a plurality of interstices, and the holder has at least one opening opposite its open side to expose a greater part of the corresponding flat face of the heating element and allow a flow of air from one face of the element to the other.

Abstract: To prevent an increase in diameter or the formation of fissures of resistance wire elements which are placed within a glow sleeve (22) of a glow element (13) during a compaction step in which a pulverized or powder-like heat conductive resistance material (26), for example magnesium oxide, is compacted within the glow element (13) to securely seat the resistance wire (24) therein, the resistance wire (24) is made of a plurality, for example two individual wire elements or strands (24/1, 24/2) twisted together, such that the pitch (27) of the twist is greater than n times the diameter of the number of wire strands twisted together, for example, for two wires, about three times the individual wire element or strand diameter.

Abstract: A heater plug comprising a heater coil connected to a terminal pin, said terminal pin maintained in gas-tight manner at least in part within and insulated from a plug shell, at least the surface of said heater coil formed by a metal or a base alloy of a metal of the platinum group said heater coil supported by heat electrically insulating rod-like or tubular supporting body heater coil surrounded by a protective tube.The heater plug is useful as a starting aid for diesel engines and other internal combustion engines, especially those without spark ignitions.

Abstract: A heater plug comprising a heater coil connected to a terminal pin, said terminal pin maintained in gas-tight manner at least in part within and insulated from a plug shell, at least the surface of said heater coil formed by a metal or a base alloy of a metal of the platinum group said heater coil supported by heat resistant electrically insulating rod-like or tubular supporting body heater coil surrounded by a protective tube.The heater plug is useful as a starting aid for diesel engines and other internal combustion engines, especially those without spark ignitions.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a ceramic heater excellent in thermal shock resistance, high temperature resisting property, and free from change in resistance value even in the repeated use of the heater at high temperatures. The heater comprises a heat resisting element of high melting-point metal embedded in a ceramic body of nonoxide selected from a group consisting of silicon nitride, sialon, aluminium nitride and silicon carbide.

Abstract: A self-heating type ignition plug according to the present invention includes a base portion having a fixing portion formed on an outer wall thereof and a terminal insulately provided therein and connected to an electrical source; an ignition means, integrally connected to the base portion, having an ignition surface formed on a wall surface thereof and composed of a catalyst comprising a transition material, thereby to come in contact with the fuel; and a heating means having a resistive exothermic element connected to the terminal of the base portion, the resistive exothermic element being provided adjacent to the ignition surface within the ignition means, whereby the fuel may be ignited and burned as a whole by the ignition surface of the catalyst which is maintained to a preset temperature due to the oxidation reaction of the catalyst and the fuel being in contact therewith after the heating means is deenergized.

Abstract: A small ignition device comprising a string-like silicon carbide heating element extending between and joining in electrical connection respective silicon carbide rod-like terminals. The heating element is joined to the terminals by an electrically conductive silicon joint. The string-like element has all cross-sectional dimensions between 0.05 mm and 2 mm and has a resistivity of between 0.01.OMEGA..multidot.cm and 10.OMEGA..multidot.cm whereby said heating element is heated to between about 1000.degree. C. and 1300.degree. C. in about 1 to 4 seconds after an electric current is connected thereto.

Abstract: A glow-plug .[.ignitor for diesel engines and the like,.]. comprising a tubular body having external screw threads and an adjoining hexagonal formation by which a tool such as a wrench can be applied to the body to screw it into .[.the.]. .Iadd.a .Iaddend.threaded cavity .[.of a cylinder.].. Next to the hexagonal formation is a spade lug connector for bringing current to the plug, the connector being so arranged as to permit the application of either a socket-type wrench or else a box-end wrench. The inner end of the body has an elongate projecting pin on which there is a tightly wound resistance coil that becomes incandescent when excited with the proper electric current. The valleys of the coil show higher temperatures, for a given heating current, due to the radiation and reception of radiated heat involving the opposed surfaces.[.; therefore, starts at lower engine temperatures are improved.]..