Abstract: The invention relates to a method for separating at least one solid-state layer (4) from at least one solid (1). The method according to the invention includes the steps of: producing a plurality of modifications (9) by means of laser beams in the interior of the solid (1) in order to form a separation plane (8); producing a composite structure by arranging or producing layers and/or components (150) on or above an initially exposed surface (5) of the solid (1), the exposed surface (5) being part of the solid-state layer (4) to be separated; introducing an external force into the solid (1) in order to create stresses in the solid (1), the external force being so great that the stresses cause a crack to propagate along the separation plane (8), wherein the modifications for forming the separation plane (8) are produced before the composite structure is produced.

Abstract: A system for performing exothermic operations or oxygen delivery uses a rod and handle configuration to create a flowpath of oxygen. The rod includes cables having stainless steel fibers that burn using the oxygen within a hollow center area. While burning, the rod cuts through material. A sheath covers the covers to contain the gases and prevent unraveling of the cables. The handle attaches to the rod and provides control of the flow of oxygen to the rod. A manifold fixing in place bottles of oxygen connects to the handle and can be fixed to provide different mixtures from different bottles. The rod is disconnected when needed to fix a mask thereto for delivering breathable oxygen to a patient.

Abstract: An electrical discharge machining (EDM) electrodes and associated methods are provided. An EDM electrode includes a holder rotatable about a rotation axis and a plurality of electrode elements attached to the holder and circumferentially arranged around the rotation axis. Respective positions of the electrode elements are radially adjustable relative to the rotation axis.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a system, method, and resulting workpiece combining liquid guided laser and electrical discharge machining to create a common feature. The workpiece is positioned in a liquid guided laser cutting path and machined by the liquid guided laser device to create an intermediate feature in the workpiece. The work piece is then positioned in an electrical discharge machining (EDM) device so that an electrode of the EDM device is operatively positioned proximate the intermediate feature and machined using the EDM device to modify the intermediate feature in the workpiece to create the finished common feature in the workpiece.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine component includes a wall that provides an exterior surface and an interior flow path surface. The wall has a wall thickness. A protrusion is arranged on the wall that extends a height beyond the wall thickness and provides a portion of the interior flow path surface. A film cooling hole that has an inlet is provided on the protrusion and extends to an exit on the exterior surface.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine component has an engine component body and at least one hole formed within the engine component body and extends between a hole inlet and a hole outlet. The hole has a first portion with a first roughness and a second portion having a second roughness that is less than the first roughness. The first portion is upstream of the second portion. A gas turbine engine and a method of forming a cooling hole are also disclosed.

Abstract: Exemplary testing systems and methods are provided including a system configured to test for thermal drift of a unit under test (UUT) under various temperature or environmental conditions and generating an output including visual or data on the thermal drift, if any. The methods involve attaching a UUT to a mounting device within a thermally controlled chamber, collimating light received from a UUT, recording the resulting images, and comparing the results at different temperatures to determine how much thermal drift has occurred. In addition, there are testing apparatuses capable of performing the tests.

Abstract: A system for performing exothermic operations or oxygen delivery uses a rod and handle configuration to create a flowpath of oxygen. The rod includes cables having stainless steel fibers that burn using the oxygen within a hollow center area. While burning, the rod cuts through material. A sheath covers the covers to contain the gases and prevent unraveling of the cables. The handle attaches to the rod and provides control of the flow of oxygen to the rod. A manifold fixing in place bottles of oxygen connects to the handle and can be fixed to provide different mixtures from different bottles. The rod is disconnected when needed to fix a mask thereto for delivering breathable oxygen to a patient.

Abstract: A pressed thermite rod for a self-contained portable cutting device is disclosed having a longitudinal section of a rectangle shape and a cross-section of an elongated shape on its entire length with a height to width ratio ranging from 1.2 to 2.0 and with long sides parallel at least in their middle section. The cross-section of the pressed thermite rod may be close to rectangular. In other embodiments, the pressed thermite rod has a rectangular cross-section with rounded corners; convex rounded short sides; or rounded corners at a first short side and a convex rounded second short side.

Abstract: Plasma gas is ejected from inner gas ejection ports that are formed in a downstream side housing, and nitrogen gas is supplied as protective gas to a protective gas source between a housing and a cover section. Nitrogen gas is sucked in accompanying exhaust from inner gas ejection ports of plasma gas, and is ejected from the outer gas ejection ports. In this case, since a layer of nitrogen gas is formed in the periphery of plasma gas, it is possible to make it difficult to bring the plasma gas into contact with air, and it is possible to make it difficult to react a reactive species such as a radical in the plasma gas, oxygen in the air, and the like.

Abstract: A system for performing exothermic operations or oxygen delivery uses a rod and handle configuration to create a flowpath of oxygen. The rod includes cables having stainless steel fibers that burn using the oxygen within a hollow center area. While burning, the rod cuts through material. A sheath covers the covers to contain the gases and prevent unraveling of the cables. The handle attaches to the rod and provides control of the flow of oxygen to the rod. A manifold fixing in place bottles of oxygen connects to the handle and can be fixed to provide different mixtures from different bottles. The rod is disconnected when needed to fix a mask thereto for delivering breathable oxygen to a patient.

Abstract: An electric discharge machining method for machining a core pin for a resin die using an electric discharge machine including a secondary electrode for molding of a round-bar shaped machining electrode. The electric discharge machining method includes a step of executing generating electric discharge machining for cutting out a schematic shape of the core pin from a work with the machining electrode, a step of transferring a shape element of the secondary electrode to the machining electrode and molding the machining electrode for diesinking electric discharge machining, and a step of applying the diesinking electric discharge machining to the work cut out in the schematic shape of the core pin using the machining electrode molded for the diesinking electric discharge machining.

Abstract: In the present invention, when performing electrical discharge machining on a workpiece via an electrical discharge machine that has an electrode holder and an electrode guide, a workpiece model and an electrode-guide model are generated in advance, an interference-start position at which the electrode-guide model starts interfering with the workpiece model when the electrode-guide model is moved towards the workpiece model along an axis line (CLa) is calculated, and a position obtained by moving the electrode-guide model a prescribed distance away from the workpiece model, starting at the interference-start position, is set as an electrode-guide position. With the electrode guide positioned at the electrode-guide position, the electrode holder is moved downwards in order to move an electrode downwards toward the workpiece surface, and electrical discharge machining is performed on the workpiece.

Abstract: A method for producing a semiconductor light emitting element includes a wafer preparation step, a first irradiation step, a second irradiation step, and a wafer division step. The wafer includes a semiconductor structure on a first main surface of a substrate. In the first irradiation step, a first light-condensing position in the thickness direction of the substrate is irradiated with a first laser beam from a second main surface of the substrate to form an altered area. The second main surface is opposite to the first main surface. In the second irradiation step, a second light-condensing position is irradiated with a second laser beam. The second light-condensing position is located at a position in the altered area different from the first light-condensing position. In the wafer division step, the wafer is divided into individual light emitting elements.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods for the production of micro-structured substrates and their application in natural sciences and technology, in particular in semiconductor, microfluidic and analysis devices. It concerns a method of introducing a structure, such as a hole or cavity or channel or well or recess or a structural change by providing a controlled electrical discharge.

Abstract: In a flux-cored wire for welding an ultrahigh tensile strength steel, one or more of CaF2, BaF2, SrF2, and MgF2 are included in the wire and, when a total amount thereof is defined as ?, the ? is more than 2.0% and equal to or less than 8.0% in terms of mass % with respect to a total mass of the wire, one or more of Ti oxide, Si oxide, Mg oxide, and Al oxide are included in the wire and, when a total amount thereof is defined as ?, the ? is 0.01% to 1.20% in terms of mass % with respect to the total mass of the wire, a ratio of an amount of the CaF2 with respect to the ? is 0.50 or more, a ratio of the ? with respect to the ? is 2.0 to 800.0, and Ceq defined in the following expression is 0.60% to 1.20%, Ceq=[C]+[Si]/24+[Mn]/6+[Ni]/40+[Cr]/5+[Mo]/4+[V]/14.

Abstract: A gouging carbon rod using an aluminum or aluminum alloy material as its conducting material includes a carbon rod unit, which has an elongated hollow main body internally defining a central space portion and having a first and a second open end; an aluminum/aluminum alloy unit, which is formed by high-pressure injection molding a molten aluminum or aluminum alloy material in the central space portion of the main body via the second open end, such that the aluminum/aluminum alloy unit so formed includes a shielded section located in the central space portion and an exposed section projected from the main body via the second open end. In this manner, the energy, time and labor costs for binding the aluminum material to the carbon rod are lowered, compared to the conventional carbon rod produced by metal thermal spraying technique, and the problem of uneven thickness of metal coating is solved.

Abstract: A seal is brought into contact with a filter media, a filter pump is operated to start filtration, and a signal from a pressure sensor is received. When a predetermined value is exceeded by the signal from the pressure sensor, the filter pump is stopped, the seal is separated from the filter media, and take-up of one section of the filter by a filter collection roll is started. In finishing filter supply from a filter supply roll, drive of a motor is stopped, and an alarm signal is transmitted. If the supply is not to be finished, one section of the filter is taken up by the filter collection roll, and the next stage of filtration is entered.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for modifying low emissivity (low-E) coated glass, so that windows using the processed glass allow uninterrupted use of RF devices within commercial or residential buildings. Glass processed in the manner described herein will not significantly diminish the energy conserving properties of the low-E coated glass. This method and apparatus disrupts the conductivity of the coating in small regions. In an embodiment, the method and apparatus ablates the low-E coating along narrow contiguous paths, such that electrical conductivity can no longer occur across the paths. The paths may take the form of intersecting curves and/or lines, so that the remaining coating consists of electrically isolated areas. The method and apparatus are applicable both to treating glass panels at the factory as well as treating windows in-situ after installation.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of fine particles, the process comprising introducing a susceptor material into a plasma stream thereby vaporising some or all of the susceptor material; cooling the susceptor material downstream from where the susceptor material was introduced, thereby creating particles of the susceptor material; applying energy selected from electromagnetic radiation of wavelength shorter than the optical band gap of the susceptor material, sound waves, photons, or a combination thereof, to the particles; and modifying the density of defects of the particles. Also described is a fine particle comprising a core comprising a susceptor material and a coating comprising functionality selected from hydrogen, methyl, ethyl or combinations thereof, and a C6-C24 alkyl. A dispersion comprising a dispersed phase and a continuous phase, wherein the dispersed phased comprises a multiplicity of the fine particles.

Abstract: A method for metalworking using an adjustable vacuum and support system for evacuating particulate matter, smoke, excess gas, and molten metal from a work area during welding and for providing adjustable support to a welding head. The vacuum system has a vacuum head and a vacuum nozzle. An adjustable mounting bracket has a first portion fixed to the vacuum head and a second portion securable to the welding head. The bracket arrangement establishes pivotal and slidable couplings between the welding head and the vacuum head. The vacuum nozzle has a support surface for being rested on a surface of a workpiece to support the vacuum head and the welding head. The support surface can be a base bevel surface at the tip of the nozzle, and an opposed suction bevel surface can have a nozzle aperture interposed therealong.

Abstract: A removal system is configured for removing a coating from a substrate of a component. A first and second energy source are each configured to direct electromagnetic radiation onto the component the electromagnetic radiation produces a respective first and second property. A sensor detects the first and second properties produced by the first and second stream of electromagnetic radiation. A controller is configured to receive the detected first and second property from the sensor and the associated first and second power levels from the respective first and second energy sources. The controller transmits an updated power level to at least one of the first and second energy sources in response to the first and second property received from the sensor and the associated power level received from the first and second energy sources.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for the production of nanoparticles as well as a device that is disposed for the production of the nanoparticles. The process is especially characterized in that the nanoparticles are pure, especially free from organic carbon compounds, preferably carbon-free, and are obtained continuously. The nanoparticles which are obtainable by the process of the invention are characterized in that they are present without an organic ligand in suspension and are especially preferred stable as a suspension against agglomeration, wherein the medium having the particles suspended therein is free from organic carbon compounds, especially carbon-free.

Abstract: A tool for forming a trench and a plurality of cooling holes within the trench includes a body, the body including a ridge portion extending along a first side of the tool. The ridge portion is operable to mate with a workpiece to form a trench on the workpiece. A plurality of electrodes extend from the ridge portion and are oriented to form a plurality of cooling holes within the trench on the workpiece.

Abstract: A metal microparticle generator has a discharge electrode formed from a core, which includes platinum, and a cover, which includes zinc and covers the core. A high voltage application unit applies high voltage to the discharge electrode to generate platinum microparticles and zinc microparticles.

Abstract: A fiber end surface machining device includes a base seat, a pair of electrodes, and a fiber position structure. The fiber position structure includes a resisting unit and a driving member. The resisting unit is movably assembled on the base seat and is located between the pair of electrodes. The driving member is rotatably assembled on the base seat adjacent to the resisting unit. The driving member includes a cam portion resisting the resisting unit. When the cam portion rotates to drive the resisting unit to move towards an optical fiber connector, the resisting unit drives an optical fiber of the optical fiber connector to move relative to an optical fiber ferrule of the optical fiber connector, and a length of the optical fiber protruding out of the optical fiber ferrule is adjusted.

Abstract: A power supply device that is applicable to both 200 V and 400 V series input power by switching the operation of an auxiliary switching circuit with a switching switch. When a relatively large output is requested, PWM control is performed to adjust the on pulse width of a control pulse signal provided to switching elements of an inverter circuit and an auxiliary switching circuit, which is operated in cooperation with the inverter circuit. When a relatively small output is requested, PSM control is performed to adjusting a phase difference of two control pulse signals provided to the same set of switching elements in the inverter circuit.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an electrode for electrical-discharge surface treatment includes kneading a first electrode material composed of at least one of metal powder and insulating powder and a second electrode material composed of conductive organic bonding agent in which a conductive resin is dissolved or dispersed in a solvent, to fabricate a slurry; molding the slurry, to form a compact; and desiccating the compact at a temperature below a thermal decomposition initiating temperature at which a thermal decomposition of the conductive organic bonding agent starts.

Abstract: Superalloy components are joined by mating a recess formed in one component with a corresponding projection formed in another component along a contact surface. The components are compressed along the contact surface and resistance heat brazed to each other. Current is passed between the components at a selected flow rate and application time until brazing alloy melting occurs along the contact surface, and they are mutually affixed to each other. When repairing a damaged surface portion of a superalloy material component, the damaged portion is removed to form an excavated recess. A repair splice is formed, preferably of a same material with similar mechanical structural properties, having a mating projection with profile conforming to the corresponding recess profile. The splice and substrate are resistance heat brazed under compression pressure until brazing alloy melting occurs along the contact surface, so that they are mutually affixed.

Abstract: A grinding machine for grinding a workpiece comprises a machine frame, a bearing device provided on the machine frame and movable along guides, in which a cup-shaped grinding wheel is rotatably drivable about a grinding wheel axis and electrically insulated. The grinding wheel is electrically connected to a generator. The device for profile dressing, sharpening and cleaning the grinding wheel consists of a single cup-shaped electrode, which is drivable about its central axis and is placed on a slide, which allows a working gap to exist between the machining surface of the cup-shaped electrode and the annular abrasive surface. A spark erosion discharge occurs in the gap when a voltage is applied. The grinding wheel can thereby be optimally conditioned by electric discharge machining.

Abstract: The invention relates to an implant with a basic body made of aluminum, a method of producing an implant and an device for producing an implant. The implant has a microstructure and a macrostructure. Through this the biochemical interaction between the implant and tissue is optimized with regard to degradation and ingrowth behavior.

Abstract: A corrosion preventing apparatus including: a water purifying part that includes a hydrogen-ion form resin and a hydroxy-ion form resin; an anticorrosive part that includes a cation form resin and an anion form resin having anticorrosive ions supported thereon; a conductivity measuring part that measures a measured value of conductivity of a machining liquid; and a control part that controls a flow of the machining liquid to the water purifying part and the anticorrosive part on the basis of the conductivity measuring part; wherein the control part performs control on the basis of predetermined first and second conductivities and the measured value measured by the conductivity measuring part.

Abstract: Sample extraction or trimming from an end strip of an elongated formed metal that is coiled in layers within a tensioned metal coil resting on driven rollers. A cut channel is formed across the material width. In some embodiments the cut channel is formed between the rollers and by cutting at an angle relative to the coil outer surface. Coil weight and/or a coil tensioner mechanism inhibits coil relaxation along the cut channel by maintaining tension on wrapped layers against each other when the coil is unbanded for sample extraction. The coil is rotated so that the cut channel clears the rollers laterally. Material downstream the cut is then separated from the coil. After trimming and/or sample extraction the coil maintains rolled tautness for ease of rebanding.

Abstract: A soft-magnetic, amorphous alloy ribbon produced by a rapid quenching method, having transverse lines of recesses formed on its surface by laser beams with predetermined longitudinal intervals, with a doughnut-shaped projection formed around each recess; doughnut-shaped projections having smooth surfaces substantially free from splashes of the alloy melted by the irradiation of laser beams, and a height t2 of 2 ?m or less; and a ratio t1/T of the depth t1 of the recesses to the thickness T of the ribbon being in a range of 0.025-0.18, thereby having low iron loss and low apparent power.

Abstract: A novel combined rectilinear ion trap mass spectrometer (RIT-MS)-coupled to expansion nozzle instrument and its application to preparative materials to create novel materials and material surfaces is described herein.

Abstract: A graphite electrode and a holder for the electrode for use in a metal disintegrator, the electrode having a hollow columnar body with a skirt wall open at one end, the skirt wall having a plurality of holes extending between one end and an opposite end, the holes being adapted to conduct liquid coolant from said opposite end to said open end, the holder being proportioned to engage and support the electrode at its opposite end when the electrode is installed on a metal disintegrator, the electrode and holder being constructed and arranged to vent a portion of the volume of said liquid coolant through a space between a part being disintegrated and an interior surface of the skirt wall.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for fabricating a quadrupole mass filter (QMF) or a quadrupole ion trap (QIT).

Abstract: A welding or cutting device for welding or cutting electrically conductive work pieces has a pipe that accommodates feed lines, a nozzle for exit of a welding or cutting jet, such as a flame, for example, disposed at an end of the pipe, forming a device tip with its free end, and an inductive sensor device for measuring the distance between the device tip and the work piece. The sensor device has at least one magnetic coil, the windings of which run about a longitudinal device axis. The sensor device is a separate module, which is pushed onto the pipe and/or the nozzle, and releasably connected with the pipe and/or the nozzle.

Abstract: A tool for forming a trench and a plurality of cooling holes within the trench includes a body, the body including a ridge portion extending along a first side of the tool. The ridge portion is operable to mate with a workpiece to form a trench on the workpiece. A plurality of electrodes extend from the ridge portion and are oriented to form a plurality of cooling holes within the trench on the workpiece.

Abstract: An electrical discharge machining (EDM) tool and method for removing tack welds on a component in a reactor pressure vessel are disclosed. The tool may include a motor, a housing which engages the component having tack welds, an electrode, positioned in the housing, a first plate, and a second plate attached to the electrode. The second plate actuates to align the electrode to the tack weld, and the electrode is discharged to remove the tack welds from the component.

Abstract: A graphite electrode and a holder for the electrode for use in a metal disintegrator, the electrode having a hollow columnar body with a skirt wall open at one end, the skirt wall having a plurality of holes extending between one end and an opposite end, the holes being adapted to conduct liquid coolant from said opposite end to said open end, the holder being proportioned to engage and support the electrode at its opposite end when the electrode is installed on a metal disintegrator, the electrode and holder being constructed and arranged to vent a portion of the volume of said liquid coolant through a space between a part being disintegrated and an interior surface of the skirt wall.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods convert a MIG welder into an effective cutting machine. A hand-held unit and a feeder supply a wire through the hand-held unit, the wire including a carbon-containing core. A source of electrical energy is connected to the wire being fed and the metal to be cut such that an arc is created with sufficient energy to melt the metal in a localized region, and further apparatus is included for directing a gas to blow away the molten metal. The gas may be air or oxygen. A feedstock for metal cutting operations according to the invention contains a roll of wire having a mild steel jacket and a carbon-containing core. The carbon in the core of the wire may be provided in the form of natural or synthetic graphite powder, and may further include an additive to accelerate delivery force or enhance molten metal flow.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for adapting a CNC milling machine for electroerosion machining. The apparatus includes a tubular electrode on the distal end of an adapter shaft. A tool holder on the proximal end of the adapter shaft is mountable in the chuck of a cutter spindle in the milling machine. The adapter shaft is rotatably mounted within a bearing and an electrical brush contact subassembly, both of which are supported by a bracket. The bracket is attached to the milling machine but insulates it from the tool electrode. The bearing supports the adapter shaft in alignment with the CNC spindle. An electrical power supply energizes the electrode and the workpiece for electroerosion in a gap between them. Electrolyte is circulated through the spinning tool electrode during operation. The CNC computer is configured to operate the machine, power supply, and electrolyte flow for electroerosion machining.

Abstract: A method for setting up a cutting table for an automated high temperature thermal cutting system can include providing a computer-readable product to, for example, a digital signal processor (e.g., CNC). The computer-readable product can include data for at least one part to be cut from a workpiece (e.g., a part program). A user can be prompted to select values from a menu of mandatory operating parameters (e.g., using a graphical user interface) for a shape of the part to be cut from the workpiece. Mandatory operating parameters can include at least one of an operating current, a gas flow, a thickness of the workpiece, or a material of the workpiece.

Abstract: A wire electrical discharge machine (WEDM) is disclosed, which comprises: a movable crane; a measure unit, mounted on the crane for measuring the deformation of the same; and a control unit, electrically connected to the measure unit and used for controlling the crane to move; wherein a lookup table describing the relation between the crane's deformation and position error is stored in the control unit, basing on which the control unit is able to perform a feedback displacement control on the crane with respect to its deformation.

Abstract: Systems and methods presented herein provide for the control of electrical energy discharge from an electrode. In this regard, a sensor detects electrical energy discharged from the electrode and generates an electronic signal representative of a detected electrical energy discharge. Such a sensor may detect an electric field and/or light from the electrical energy discharge. The sensor may generate the electronic signal therefrom for subsequent processing. Accordingly, the system also includes a controller communicatively coupled to the sensor to determine a spurious discharge of the electrical energy discharge from the electrode. The controller processes the electronic signal to control at least one characteristic (e.g., voltage) of the electrical energy provided to the electrode. The controller may change a voltage of the electrical energy to the electrode in response to determining a spurious discharge of the electrical energy discharged from the electrode.

Abstract: This invention relates to methods and devices for the production of micro-structured substrates and their application in natural sciences and technology, in particular in analysis and detection systems based on artificial and biological lipid membranes. The structure is preferably a hole or a cavity or channel and is obtained by spark perforation. Energy, preferably heat, is applied to the region to be structured so as to reduce the amplitude of voltage required and/or soften the material. The electrical parameters of the spark perforation are feedback-controlled.

Abstract: In a wire electric discharge machining apparatus, data on the number of machining shapes and the machining frequency of each of the machining shapes are acquired by analyzing the machining program and acquiring data on the machining starting positions, and those data are stored. Displaying the stored data on a screen is used to check as to whether the number of machining shapes and the machining frequency relating to each machining shape have been programmed correctly or not.

Abstract: A thermal decomposition apparatus for wastes comprises: a heating chamber; an inlet port; at least one pair of electrodes provided within the heating chamber; a plurality of balls each taking the shape of a sphere whose primary ingredient is carbon, provided between the at least one pair of electrodes so as to produce an electric discharge when a voltage is applied across the at least one pair of electrodes; an outlet port for discharging the gases into which the wastes are thermally decomposed; oxygen free or vacuum environment forming means or evacuating means. According to the present invention, an inexpensive thermal decomposition apparatus for wastes is provided which thermally decomposes almost all wastes at a high temperature of not lower than about 3000° C. without producing harmful substances such as soot, dust, chlorine compounds; nitrogen compounds and/or dioxin.

Abstract: Method and arrangement for manufacturing a disk-shaped or annular stator component or rotor component with a plurality of blades arranged one after another in a path extending around the component and a cover (15) arranged outside the blades in the radial direction and in contact therewith. According to the method, at least a portion (11) of a first set of channels (12) is spark-eroded simultaneously out of a disk-shaped or annular workpiece (2) intended for forming the component at a distance from the edge (14) of the workpiece in the radial direction, which channels (12) are intended to delimit the blades in the circumferential direction of the workpiece.