Abstract: A method of applying a metallic alloy overlay including providing an iron based feedstock powder including 10 to 75 weight percent iron and manganese, 10 to 60 weight percent of chromium, 1 to 30 weight percent of an interstitial element selected from boron, carbon, silicon or combinations thereof, 0 to 40 weight percent of a transition metal selected from molybdenum, tungsten or combinations thereof and 1 to 25 weight percent niobium. The method also includes providing an electrode including at least 50 weight percent iron and depositing a weld overlay with the feedstock powder and the electrode to create a metallic alloy exhibiting a grain size in the range of 1,000 ?m or less.

Abstract: A system and method for edging a deposit layer in any of cladding, building up, and hard-facing applications is provided. The system includes a high intensity heat source that heats a workpiece and creates a molten puddle. The system also includes a wire feeder that feeds a wire to the molten puddle. The wire melts in the molten puddle and creates a bond with the molten puddle to form the deposit layer on the workpiece. The system further includes an edging system that has at least one laser that emits a laser beam that impinges on at least one of a surface area and an edge area of the deposit layer to modify the deposit layer. The laser modifies the deposit layer by at least one of melting and vaporizing at least a portion of the surface area and/or the edge area.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for free form fabrication of a three-dimensional work piece comprising (a) feeding raw material in a solid state to a first predetermined location; (b) depositing the raw material onto a substrate as a molten pool deposit under a first processing condition; (c) monitoring the molten pool deposit for a preselected condition; (d) comparing information about the preselected condition of the monitored molten pool deposit with a predetermined desired value for the preselected condition of the monitored molten pool deposit; (e) solidifying the molten pool deposit; (f) automatically altering the first processing condition to a different processing condition based upon information obtained from the comparing step (d); and repeating steps (a) through (f) at one or more second locations for building up layer by layer a three-dimensional work piece.

Abstract: A method for repairing a component is provided. The method comprises: tracing an electrode across a defect/damage on the component at a preselected distance from the component; feeding a first metal powder and a second metal powder into a discharging gap between the electrode and the component; controlling feed rates of the first and second metal powders separately; and electro-spark depositing the first and second metal powders to the component to form a hybrid metal coating. The first metal powder comprises a first metal or alloy with a Vickers hardness rating of about 70-200% of the Vickers hardness rating of the component. The second metal powder comprises a second metal or alloy having lubricating/anti-corrosion properties.

Abstract: Various embodiments provide materials, parts, and methods useful for electronic devices. One embodiment includes providing a coating on at least one surface of a substrate, increasing an amorphicity of the coating, and incorporating the substrate including the coating having increased amorphicity into an electronic device. Another embodiment relates to frictionally transforming a coating from crystalline into amorphous to form a metamorphically transformed coating for an electronic device. Another embodiment relates to an electronic device part having a metamorphically transformed coating disposed on at least one surface thereof.

Abstract: A method of welding a bearing is provided. The method includes providing an apparatus including at least one welding torch and a processor, positioning a holding fixture proximate the apparatus, securing a bearing in position in the holding fixture, applying a bead of weld to facilitate repairing a damaged surface of the bearing and incrementally rotating the bearing with the apparatus.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of hardfacing a glass mould made of cast iron, bronze, or steel comprising: machining an edge of the mould so as to form a flat surface, for example a flat spot or a chamfer; depositing a determined quantity of hardfacing material on the flat surface of the edge thereby machined, the hardfacing material comprising a metal or a metal alloy; and, simultaneously, locally welding the hardfacing material on the flat surface by means of a beam of a laser, so as to form a reinforcement zone.

Abstract: A method of welding a gas turbine engine substrate composed of a gamma prime precipitation strengthened nickel based superalloy, including the steps of: applying weld beads on the substrate to form a continuous layer the thickness of the weld beads; using a filler material made of a first material exhibiting comparable strength and ductility as the substrate, and a second material exhibiting greater ductility than the substrate; and creating crack propagation mitigating regions within the continuous layer by increasing the percentage of the second material in the crack propagation mitigating regions over the percentage of the second material in the remainder of the continuous layer.

Abstract: A turbine rotor includes a high- and low-temperature side rotor base materials. The high- and low-temperature materials include concavities and grooves. The turbine rotor has an enclosed space formed by the concavity of the high- and low-temperature materials being disposed opposingly, and a gap formed by the grooves of the high- and low-temperature materials being disposed opposingly. The turbine rotor contains a buildup welding section formed between the high- and low-temperature materials, which has the same composition as that of the high- or low-temperature material, and has a penetration bead on the enclosed space side, and the gap contains a weld metal filled therein. Thus, a stable penetration bead can be formed in a dissimilar material welded rotor combining two kinds of alloy materials with different thermal properties, and then generation of a non-welded portion of a butting section that becomes a start point of fracture can be suppressed.

Abstract: A method is described for producing a sawing bead for use in a sawing cord. Sawing cords are used for cutting hard and brittle materials. In the method, laser cladding is used to form an abrasive layer on a small metallic tube (204) or sleeve. The abrasive layer (220) comprises a metal matrix material in which abrasive particles such as diamond, cubic boron nitride or other hard cutting materials are embedded. The metal matrix material preferably comprises an active metal that improves wetting and adhesion of the abrasive particles. Although the abrasive particles are relative large—with a particle size in excess of 100 ?m—they are evenly distributed throughout the abrasive layer. This is achieved by letting the tube (204) rotate relative to the laser cladding system possibly in combination with a relative axial movement so that the cladding track loops on itself thereby forming an abrasive layer (220). Additionally the method allows to shape the sawing bead for improved geometrical tolerances and centricity.

Abstract: A method of increasing wear resistance of one or more part(s) of a rotating mechanism includes manufacturing the one or more part(s) with a portion thereof configured to be exposed to wear during fluid flow associated with the rotating mechanism having a dimension different from that of a desired dimension, applying a protective coating of an aluminum bronze alloy to the portion through welding deposition, and mechanically treating the protective coating. The method also includes applying one or more layer(s) of solid-alloy over the protective coating through electro-erosion deposition, and continuing the mechanical treatment of the protective coating and/or the one or more layer(s) of solid-alloy after the solid-alloy deposition to obtain the desired dimension of the portion.

Abstract: Disclosed is a pulsed laser deposition apparatus, including: a laser beam generating unit which generates a laser beam; a deposition object; a vacuum chamber, in which a plurality of types of deposition target materials to be deposited on the deposition object is arranged; a beam splitter which splits the laser beam generated by the laser beam generating unit into a plurality of laser beams corresponding to the deposition target materials; and lens units which are arranged to correspond to the respective deposition target materials, and which focus the laser beams, which are applied by being split by the beam splitter, onto the respective deposition target materials.

Abstract: To facilitate overlay welding while securing a certain hardness of an overlaid portion and preventing welding defects, an overlay welding method for performing overlay welding on a surface P to be overlaid of a base material 50 includes a preparing step of forming a bottomed depression 51, with the surface P to be overlaid being a circumferential surface 51a thereof, and an overlaying step at which a filler material is fed toward a bottom face 51b of the depression 51, and a laser beam as a heat source is irradiated on the bottom face 51b of the depression 51 to which the filler material is fed, thereby forming an overlaid portion W reaching the surface P to be overlaid, while filling the bottom face 51b of the depression 51 with a melted filler material.

Abstract: A material processing system for a base material is provided. The system includes a feeder having a distal end proximate to a surface location of the base material. The feeder supplies a deposit material to the surface location. The deposit material has a width having a first side and a second side. A first laser is directed to the deposit material at the surface location. The first laser is directed across the width from the first side to the second side. A second laser is directed to a desired location within the width. A control system drives the process of cladding the deposit material. The control system includes a shape controller to control the movement of the secondary laser along the deposit material based on feedback from a sensor.

Abstract: The invention relates to an inner burner (1) for electric arc wire spraying of hollow spaces, particularly cylinder bearing surfaces (9), comprising two meltable electrodes which are supplied in two feed channels (5) to a discharge nozzle (6) of the inner burner (1). The two electrodes are connected to two sliding contacts (4) for electrical energy transmission. According to the invention, the two sliding contacts (4) are displaceably mounted in the axial direction (10) and are each connected to a guide element (7) which is also displaceably mounted in the axial direction (10). The respective guide element (7) is axially pretensioned via at least one associated spring (11) and thereby presses the sliding contact (4) against the electrode, wherein the feed channels (5), the sliding contacts (4) and the guide elements (7) are arranged parallel to one another in the spraying head (2).

Abstract: An apparatus and process for depositing an overlay weld on a substrate in a manner that reduces dilution of the substrate material. A consumable electrode is positioned in proximity to the surface of the substrate, and an electrical potential is applied between the electrode and substrate to generate an electrical arc therebetween. The arc melts the electrode and forms a molten spray that deposits on the substrate surface. Energy of the electric arc is absorbed to reduce the temperature at the substrate surface by feeding an additional filler material into the electric arc toward its center axis. The filler material continuously melts prior to reaching the center axis of the electric arc, and the electrode and filler materials are simultaneously deposited to form the overlay weld on the substrate. Sufficient energy is absorbed by the filler material to reduce intermixing between the overlay weld and the substrate.

Abstract: A nose of single-air-hole electrical arc spray machine includes a nozzle body that forms an air flow hole and two guide tube holes arranged at opposite sides of the air flow hole and forming a predetermined angle with respect thereto, a nozzle ring positioned against and fixed to the nozzle body, an electrical discharging chamber internal lid positioned against the nozzle ring, an electrical discharging chamber external cover enclosing the electrical discharging chamber internal lid, an external mounting ring mounting the electrical discharging chamber internal lid and the electrical discharging chamber external cover to the nozzle body, and wire guide tubes. Each of the wire guide tubes includes an insulation section, a conductor section, and a wire emergence terminal sequentially connected to each other. The nose is durable and is easy to maintain with a reduced maintenance cost and improves void ratio of a sprayed layer of coating formed thereby.

Abstract: A welding device includes an electrode head adapted to concurrently house an array of associated multiple, continuous-feed electrodes in a spaced apart configuration for concurrently depositing cladding material on the surface of a workpiece. The electrode head may be actuatable through a welding trajectory. The welding device may also include a welding power source adapted to provide power for simultaneously establishing a welding arc between each of the multiple, continuous-feed electrodes and the workpiece.

Abstract: Thermal spray wire and method of forming thermal spray wire. The thermal spray wire includes an inner layer, a powder material layer surrounding the inner layer, and an outer layer coaxially surrounding and compressing the powder material layer around the inner layer.

Abstract: A welding wire guiding liner has a plurality of guiding bodies connected to each other, each of the guiding bodies containing a plurality of rolling elements defining a guiding channel for the welding wire. Each guiding body has a ring which is coaxial with the guiding channel and is freely rotatable in a peripheral direction on the body. The ring is connected to the adjacent guiding body by means of a swivel joint which allows the adjacent guiding body to swivel around a swivel axis with respect to the guiding body provided with the ring.

Abstract: An electrode applicable to discharge surface treatment is produced. This method is comprised of: kneading a composition including an electrically conductive mixed matter including a first powder obtained by at least any process selected from the group consisting of an atomizing method, a reduction method, and a carbonyl method and a second powder obtained by a crushing method, and a binder, the electrically conductive mixed matter including the second powder at a ratio of 10-65 weight %; injecting the kneaded composition into a mold to produce a green body; heating the green body so as to remove the binder from the green body; and sintering the green body excepting the binder.

Abstract: A cladding system and method for applying a cladding to a power generation system component including a first weld bead, a second weld and a filler bead. The first weld is deposited on the surface with a first energy source and solidified to form a first weld bead. The second weld is deposited on the surface adjacent to the first weld bead with the first energy source, wherein depositing the second weld creates a surface depression between the first weld bead and second weld. The filler bead is simultaneously deposited in the surface depression with a second energy source while depositing the second weld bead. The second weld and the filler bead are solidified to form the cladding bead.

Abstract: A tool welding system is disclosed that includes a table that heats a tool. A multi-axis robot includes a welding head that is moved relative to the table in response to a command. A controller is in communication with the robot and generates the command in response to welding parameters. The weld parameters are based upon a difference between an initial tool shape and a desired tool shape. The difference between the initial tool shape and the desired tool shape corresponds to a desired weld shape. The desired weld shape is adjusted based upon initial tool shape variations, which includes thermal growth of the tool. The tool is welded to provide the desired weld shape to achieve a desired tool shape.

Abstract: A vibration mode control method for a thin plate-reinforcement structure utilizes a reinforcing effect of a weld bead, wherein the thin plate-reinforcement structure comprises two welded components at least one of which includes a thin plate portion. After a first (thin plate) component and a second (another) component are arc-welded discontinuously at several positions, a stress direction and level in one of the resulting weld areas located to be subject to stress concentration is preliminarily verified. Then, a stress-dispersing weld bead (f) is laid to extend between the weld area which is an area subject to stress concentration and the first (thin plate) component, wherein the stress-dispersing weld bead (f) is set to a direction and length capable of preventing fatigue crack from occurring in the first (thin plate) component.

Abstract: A hardfacing machine is used for depositing a hardfacing alloy onto a metallic workpiece. An welding unit includes a wire feed system to supply wire to a welding head. A powder alloy feeding system includes a powder feed nozzle fluidly connected to an alloy powder supply. The welding head and powder feed nozzle move in a travel direction relative to the workpiece. The powder feed nozzle is positioned and oriented to feed a powder stream of alloy powder into a molten pool generated on the workpiece by an electrical arc produced by the welding head at a low temperature location behind the welding head relative to the travel direction. This alloy surfacing strategy limits vaporization of alloy elements by avoiding the high temperature region associated with the electrical arc.

Abstract: A welding jig for ensuring concentricity of an interior surface of a pipe with a circular outer periphery of a bolting flange thereon, comprising (i) a frame member; (ii) two spaced-apart rollers positioned at one end of said frame member, each adapted to remain in contacting engagement during welding with said circular outer periphery of said bolting flange; and (iii) a chill block, having a convexly-curved outer surface of a curvature corresponding to a desired inner diameter of said pipe, adapted to be positioned proximate said interior surface of said pipe. The rollers permit translational movement of the chill block about a center point of said pipe flange when the welding jig is placed on the pipe flange, to permit uniform diametrical deposition of weld material on said inner diameter of said pipe flange. A method of making a pipe is further disclosed and claimed.

Abstract: A metal cladding process using an automated welding tool, the tool comprising at least one torch for receiving two weld wires to produce a molten pool on the metal, the process having the steps of providing a set of instructions in a non-transitory computer readable medium, the instructions executable by a processor to control the travel speed of the at least one torch; and control the oscillation pattern and frequency of the at least one torch, the oscillation pattern comprising a pause at each of a center position, a lateral left position and a lateral right position relative to a weld reference line.

Abstract: A level entry bore welder that is easier to use and less expensive to purchase. It has an adjustable step feature that allows the operator to control the bead placement inside the bore of a work piece. It includes a simple remote control apparatus that adjusts the welding torch rotation speed as a function of the diameter of the bore. The remote control apparatus also permits the operator to turn the wire feed mechanism on and off. The welder is suited for bores up to 12 inches in diameter.

Abstract: A method for making a metal reinforcement for the leading edge or trailing edge of a turbine engine blade, including: positioning a preform using an equipment positioning the preform in a position such that the preform, at one end thereof, has an area which is capable of receiving a filler metal; and, after the positioning, constructing a base for the metal reinforcement by hard-surfacing with filler metal in the area, in the form of metal beads.

Abstract: A method for producing a component of a turbomachine is disclosed. The method includes a) layer-by-layer deposition of a powder component material onto a component platform in a region of a buildup and joining zone, where the deposition takes place in accordance with layer information of the component to be produced; b) local layer-by-layer fusion or sintering of the powder component material by energy supplied in the region of the buildup and joining zone, where the buildup and joining zone is heated to a temperature just below a melting point of the powder component material; c) layer-by-layer lowering of the component platform by a predefined layer thickness; and d) repetition of steps a) to c) until the component is finished. A device for producing a component of a turbomachine is also disclosed.

Abstract: A vitreous silica crucible manufacturing apparatus includes a plurality of carbon electrodes configured to heat and melt raw material powder by arc discharge, and a value of a ratio R2/R1 of a diameter R2 of a front end of each of the carbon electrodes to a diameter R1 of a base end is set in a range of 0.6 to 0.8. Each carbon electrode has a diameter reduction portion formed at a front end position and reduced in diameter from a diameter R3 of a base end side to the diameter R2 of the front end. When a length of the diameter reduction portion is L1, the diameter of the front end is R2, the diameter of the base end is R1, an angle between the axis lines of the carbon electrodes is ?1, and X=(R1?R2)/2, a value of L1?(X/tan(?1/2)) is set in a range of 50 to 150 mm.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for joining objects made of metal, plastic or ceramic by means of heat input such as soldering or welding, wherein materials such as particles, in particular nanoparticles, elements, atoms, molecules or ions are introduced into the joint. It is proposed according to the invention that a gas stream brings gaseous compounds to the joint which decompose at elevated temperature and deposit particles.

Abstract: A hardfacing process includes depositing a clad layer having a thickness greater than about 1 mm (0.04 in) on a surface of the component by arc welding, and creating a heat affected zone directly below the clad layer due to the depositing. The heat affected zone may be a region of the component where a lowest hardness is more than 40% lower than a base hardness of the component below the heat affected zone. The method may also include heat treating the component after the deposition such that the lowest hardness in the heat affected zone is restored to within about 15% of the base hardness of the component.

Abstract: Capabilities of suppressing erosion caused by liquid droplets and achieving a short operation period and cost reduction are provided. A build-up welding method for a structural material used in an erosive environment includes: removing a portion exposed to the erosive environment from the structural material; and forming a hard layer in a portion of the structural material, from which the portion exposed to the erosive environment is removed, the hard layer being formed by short circuiting transfer gas metal arc welding using a solid wire with a hardness of HV 400 or more.

Abstract: A clad welding method, which can prevent the occurrence of incomplete fusion, and can cover the surface of a base material over a wide range with a weld metal, while suppressing the dilution of the weld metal, by use of a relatively simple technique, is provided. For this purpose, a welding heat input is increased at a location where one end (10a) of a preceding weld bead (10) and the other end (20b) of a succeeding weld bead (20) overlap, as compared with a welding heat input at a location where the preceding weld bead (10) and the succeeding weld bead (20) do not overlap, to produce a deep penetration portion (12a) involving locally deep penetration (12).

Abstract: A method of welding a gas turbine engine substrate composed of a gamma prime precipitation strengthened nickel based superalloy, including the steps of: applying weld beads on the substrate to form a continuous layer the thickness of the weld beads; using a filler material made of a first material exhibiting comparable strength and ductility as the substrate, and a second material exhibiting greater ductility than the substrate; and creating crack propagation mitigating regions within the continuous layer by increasing the percentage of the second material in the crack propagation mitigating regions over the percentage of the second material in the remainder of the continuous layer.

Abstract: A wear resistant coating is applied on an elbow or S-bend by weld beads applied along a pipe. A rectangular support rod is attached inside the pipe by connectors so that wheels of the carriage are guided on the corners to maintain a fixed orientation relative to the support rod. A three axis robot arm carries an electric welding head so as to be able to dynamically adjust the head both angularly and radially. A welding wire is pulled to the head by a feeding system on the carriage. The weld parameters including a predetermined wire stick out and angle of wire attack are controlled. A drive motor carried by a drive carriage propels the drive carriage longitudinally along the support rod with a series of intermediate carriages.

Abstract: A wear resistant coating is applied on an elbow or S-bend by weld beads applied along a pipe. A rectangular support rod is attached inside the pipe by connectors so that wheels of the carriage are guided on the corners to maintain a fixed orientation relative to the support rod. A three axis robot arm carries an electric welding head so as to be able to dynamically adjust the head both angularly and radially. A welding wire is pulled to the head by a feeding system on the carriage. The weld parameters including a predetermined wire stick out and angle of wire attack are controlled. A drive motor carried by a drive carriage propels the drive carriage longitudinally along the support rod with a series of intermediate carriages.

Abstract: A method of applying a metallic alloy overlay including providing an iron based feedstock powder including 10 to 75 weight percent iron and manganese, 10 to 60 weight percent of chromium, 1 to 30 weight percent of an interstitial element selected from boron, carbon, silicon or combinations thereof, 0 to 40 weight percent of a transition metal selected from molybdenum, tungsten or combinations thereof and 1 to 25 weight percent niobium. The method also includes providing an electrode including at least 50 weight percent iron and depositing a weld overlay with the feedstock powder and the electrode to create a metallic alloy exhibiting a grain size in the range of 1,000 ?m or less.

Abstract: A process whereby a one sided electrode is allowed to discharge to essentially its own potential field is presented. The process may be utilized for joining by discharging particles as well as for spot welding or other heating purposes. Examples of several uses are given and the electrical diagram for such a discharger is also shown.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a system includes a welding controller configured to receive images from multiple observation points directed toward a deposition zone. The welding controller is also configured to control a parameter affecting deposition based on a differential analysis of the images.

Abstract: A welding device includes an electrode head adapted to concurrently house an array of associated multiple, continuous-feed electrodes in a spaced apart configuration for concurrently depositing cladding material on the surface of a workpiece. The electrode head may be actuatable through a welding trajectory. The welding device may also include a welding power source adapted to provide power for simultaneously establishing a welding arc between each of the multiple, continuous-feed electrodes and the workpiece.

Abstract: The invention relates to an inner burner (1) for electric arc wire spraying of hollow spaces, particularly cylinder bearing surfaces (9), comprising two meltable electrodes which are supplied in two feed channels (5) to a discharge nozzle (6) of the inner burner (1). The two electrodes are connected to two sliding contacts (4) for electrical energy transmission. According to the invention, the two sliding contacts (4) are displaceably mounted in the axial direction (10) and are each connected to a guide element (7) which is also displaceably mounted in the axial direction (10). The respective guide element (7) is axially pretensioned via at least one associated spring (11) and thereby presses the sliding contact (4) against the electrode, wherein the feed channels (5), the sliding contacts (4) and the guide elements (7) are arranged parallel to one another in the spraying head (2).

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for joining a first member (1) comprising an aluminum alloy to a second member (2) comprising a titanium alloy and having at least one edge with a thickness e, comprising the steps of (i) chamfering said edge of said second member into a tapered truncated shape having on a first side a first tapering angle ?1, on a second side a second tapering angle ?2 and a minimum thickness t, wherein ?1 and ?2 are greater than or equal to zero, the sum of ?1 and ?2 is between 10° and 50° and t is between 0.05 e and 0.3 e, (ii) placing said first member and said chamfered edge of said second member (21) in an abutting relationship defining a geometry to be weld-brazed (3), (iii) heating the surface areas of said members adjacent the abutment to a temperature above the melting temperature of said aluminum alloy and below the melting temperature of said titanium alloy, in the presence of an inert gas (5) and of a filler metal (4) to obtain a weld-brazed joint.

Abstract: A method is disclosed including operations for repairing a component. The method includes providing a component including one of titanium and a titanium alloy, providing a laser deposition device, and providing a shielding means that ensures an oxygen content remains below a first threshold and that a water vapor content remains below a second threshold in a target area of the component. The method further includes depositing a metal material on the component, where the depositing includes operating the deposition device along a tool path including a plurality of tool passes, wherein the tool path further comprises a deposition device velocity specification, a laser power specification, and a specified delay time between each of the plurality of tool passes.

Abstract: The invention relates to a material for coating a surface by means of at least partial thermal phase change, comprising a first component with several metal ingredients to form a matrix, ans a second component to form a hard phase embedded in the matrix, wherein the first component, based on the total weight thereof, has a fraction of at least about 40% nickel and the second component is a fraction based on the total weight of the material between about 20% and about 80% and the first component, based on the total weight thereof, has a fraction of at least about 10%, in particular, at least about 20% of a further metal from the group of copper or iron.

Abstract: Industrial tools having an outer diameter surface protected from abrasion due to silicious materials present in the Earth's crust by a layer of a hard-facing alloy with improved crack resistance, improved wear resistance, and improved hardness are provided. Additionally, a process for applying the hard-facing alloy to the surface of the industrial tools is described.

Abstract: In a hard facing process, a core material is applied to the base material of an article, which may incorporate metal components. An additive is introduced into a molten puddle generated by the hard facing process. The additive functions to increase the wear resistant capabilities of the hard faced article. In one embodiment, the additive comprises mineral particulates, which may consist of diamond granules.

Abstract: A hard-faced cutting blade and hard-facing method is provided. A hard-facing material is applied to a cutting edge of a cutting blade such that a heat-affected transition zone may be created between the base metal and the hard-facing material. The heat-affected transition zone may create a sufficient bond to help resist delamination and flaking of the hard-facing material from the base metal.

Abstract: A soft alloy layer forming apparatus (10) includes a base metal support part (20) rotationally supporting a base metal (40) with a center axis (42) of an inner periphery of the base metal (40) being a rotation axis, and an arc generating unit (30) movable in a direction of the rotation axis of the inner periphery of the base metal (40), fixed at a predetermined distance from the inner peripheral face (41) of the base metal (40), and generating an arc (31) between itself and the base metal (40). While rotating the base metal (40) and maintaining the distance constant between the arc generating unit (30) and the inner peripheral face (41) of the base metal (40), a soft alloy member (50) is melted by the arc generating unit (30) to form a soft alloy layer (15) on the inner peripheral face (41) of the base metal (40).