Abstract: In a process for splashing and/or teeming liquid metal, in particular steel, through a discharge in the wall or in the bottom of a metallurgical vessel, the discharge is electromagnetically coupled to the electromagnetic field of at least one fluid-cooled, in particular air-cooled, inductor. The inductor and the discharge are at least partially disposed in the wall or in the bottom of the metallurgical vessel. For teeming, the electromagnetic field of the inductor, or of the inductors, is coupled directly to the discharge and also the liquid metal. For this purpose, the frequency of the electromagnetic field or the electromagnetic fields, if appropriate, is adjusted correspondingly.

Abstract: A caster including a device for delivering a gas into a space created by the apparatus that define the mold of the caster and the nozzle of the caster. Introducing a gas into the space resists backflowing and freezing of the molten metal to the nozzle. An associated method is also disclosed.

Abstract: A bump forming apparatus includes a first tank storing fused solder, a cavity having an inlet for the fused solder, a nozzle arranged on a lower portion of the cavity, a pressure element formed by a diaphragm and a piezoelectric element, and a first heater heating the first tank, a pipe and the cavity. The bump forming apparatus further comprises a static pressure control part having a second tank storing solid solder, a second heater provided around a second opening, a level detector detecting the surface level of the fused solder in the first tank and a level control part controlling driving of the second heater on the basis of a detection signal from the level detector. Thus obtained are a bump forming apparatus and a bump forming method capable of properly avoiding defective discharge, increasing the speed of discharge, avoiding dispersion of an amount of discharge and stabilizing discharge.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a process and an apparatus for the discontinuous tapping of melts. An inductor surrounds a passage through which the melt is discharged from a vessel. The inductor applies radial electromagnetic energy to the passage to maintain the melt in a molten state. To stop flow of the melt through the passage, an outlet opening of the passage is closed and the inductor is electrically switched off while a cooling medium is flowed through the inductor. To begin flow of the melt, the outlet opening of the passage is opened and the inductor is electrically switched on.

Abstract: Melt delivery system and method including a first melting chamber and a laterally adjacent second melt pour chamber arranged side-by-side to one another with a suitable isolation valve therebetween. A melting/melt delivery system is includes a transport mechanism having a horizontally translatable carriage disposed on a carriage support frame. A shaft mechanism is disposed on the carriage for rotation relative thereto and for carrying a melting vessel in a manner that the melt-filled vessel can be horizontally translated from the melting chamber where a charge is melted in the vessel to the adjacent mold pour chamber where the melt is poured into a casting mold or vessel by rotation of the shaft mechanism. The carriage is translated by an actuator on the carriage support frame, and the shaft mechanism is independently rotated by an actuator on the carriage.

Abstract: Apparatus and method accomplishes the precision pouring of a liquid from a vessel to a predetermined position with a controlled rate of flow. Independently controllable horizontal and vertical translation of the vessel is accomplished by using two rotational elements lying in substantially parallel planes, with the rotational axis of the second element passing through the first element, and having offset first and second axes of rotation. Independently controlled tilting of the vessel about a third axis of rotation that passes through the second element maintains a desired pour rate and aim point for the pour stream. The apparatus is particularly useful when the vessel and the receptacle that receives the liquid are inside a sealed chamber.

Abstract: The invention relates to an automatically opening tapping thimble made from a refractory material for casting crucibles which are used in aluminothermic reactions. This thimble consists entirely or partially of air-permeable graphite or metal whose melting point lies between 2100 and 3727.degree. C.

Abstract: Apparatus for dispensing a liquid material from a reservoir (12), the apparatus comprising a first vessel (11) which forms an intermediate chamber and which is arranged to receive material from the reservoir (12), a second vessel (10) which forms a dispensing chamber and which is arranged to receive material from the intermediate chamber (11), first pressurizing means whereby the intermediate chamber (11) can be pressurized, second pressuring means whereby the dispensing chamber (10) can be pressurized, first valve means (13) operable to permit material to be admitted into the intermediate chamber (11) from the reservoir (12), second valve means (14) operable to permit material to be admitted into the dispensing chamber (10) from the intermediate chamber (11) and a duct (19) extending from within the dispensing chamber (10) whereby material can be dispensed through the duct (19) from the dispensing chamber (10) by pressurization of the dispensing chamber (10)

Abstract: A solder jet apparatus is disclosed. The solder jet apparatus is a continuous mode solder jet that includes a blanking system and raster scan system. The use of the raster scan and blanking systems allows for a continuous stream of solder to be placed anywhere on the surface in any desired X-Y plane. This allows for greater accuracy as well as greater product throughput. Additionally, with the raster scan system, repairs to existing soldered surfaces can be quickly and easily performed using a map of the defects for directing the solder to the defects.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing thin solidified alloy pieces having a container 53 for accommodating an alloy melt 57, the container having an opening in an upper portion of the container, drive means 2 for titling the container for providing a flow of the alloy melt from the container, control means 4 for controlling the drive means, a cooling roll 55 for cooling and solidifying the alloy melt from the container into thin pieces, and flow stabilizing means 54 for guiding the alloy melt from the container onto the cooling roll in a substantially constant flow, wherein the control means includes memory means for storing tilting angular velocity commands for tilting the container, and commanding means for reading the tilting angular velocity commands in the memory means and for activating the drive means in accordance with the commands so read, wherein the tilting angular velocity commands in the memory means have been pre-set based on theoretical quantity of the alloy melt remaining in the container at each of a pl

Abstract: A riser tube for transfer of molten metal therethrough, including a porous ceramic substrate having a hollow cylindrical structure and ceramic impregnant material penetrating into pores of the substrate and plugging at least a portion of the surface pores thereof, to improve gas impermeability of the substrate. According to the present invention, the porous ceramic substrate is immersed in impregnation media containing ceramic particles, the impregnation media is subjected to an elevated pressure such that the media penetrates the pores of the substrate, and the impregnated substrate is then fired, whereby the ceramic particles form a ceramic impregnant material that plugs at least a portion of the surface pores of the substrate.

Abstract: A process in which, during the flow of molten metal in a conduit an inert gas and oil are injected at the position of the joint plane between two refractory parts in such a manner as to prevent the introduction of gases from the atmosphere into this conduit at the position of the joint plane. Apparatus. Advantages: plugging of leaks at the position of the joint plane, lower inert gas consumption absence of degradation of the quality of the molten metal by the inert gas.

Abstract: A tube changing device is comprised of a chassis (16) mounted of the distributor (2), refractory pieces (10, 18, 22) that delimit a casting gutter, these refractory pieces being comprised of at least one fixed place (18) and a tube having a plate (24) in its upper part, means for generating pressure for applying the plate (24) of the tube (22) against the fixed plate (18), a position for introducing a new tube (22a), a casting position and a position for evacuating the worn tube (22b), guidance means (18, 48) that permit the new tube (22a) to pass from the introduction position to the casting position and the worn tube (22) to pass from the casting position to the evacuation position, actuation means (34, 36) for moving the new tube from the introduction position to the casting position and the worn tube from the casting position to the evacuation position.

Abstract: The invention is related to a continuous casting nozzle for casting of aluminum killed steel without clogging of the bore of the nozzle. The surface layer of the bore of the continuous casting nozzle contacting with the molten steel is composed of a refractory comprising graphite from 10 to 35 wt %, a neutral or basic aggregate from 30 to 50 wt % such as Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 and pottery stone as the remaining part of the refractory.

Abstract: A method for supplying molten metal alloy for producing thin amorphous metal wire or thin amorphous metal strip by liquid quenching and solidification on a moving cooling substrate controls the flow of molten metal from a ladle into a tundish. The ladle has a long nozzle with an interior passage for providing flow of molten metal alloy into the tundish. The ladle stopper has a distal end region received by the interior passage of the long nozzle. Control of the overlap between the distal end region of the ladle stopper received in the long nozzle during molten alloy flow and control of the sectional flow area provided in the long nozzle interior passage controls the flow quantity of molten alloy from the ladle into the tundish.

Abstract: A system and process for decontaminating solder which includes a linking pipe with an internal heater in the path of solder flow into a skim tank and transfer pump and valves for moving decontaminated solder from the skim tank into a standby tank which in turn is able to provide decontaminated solder to a solder machine or back to the skim tank in order to test the system.

Abstract: A process for closing a tap hole in a metallurgical vessel at least partially filled with a metal melt includes bringing a compressible fire-resistant material to the moth of a tubular closing element, providing a medium that substantially prevents contact between the fire resistant material and the metal melt, passing the closing element through the melt toward the bottom of the vessel, compressing the compressible material against the bottom of the vessel to form a seal between the outside of the closing element and the tap hole below the closing element, and moving a cut off device over the outside of the tap hole, thereby allowing the tap hole to be filled with a pourable refractory compound via the tubular closing element. A device for performing the process for closing a tap hole includes a tubular closing device with a groove at an end bottom facing the bottom of the metallurgical vessel.

Abstract: For charging casting machines with non-ferrous molten metals, melt (S) is supplied from a withdrawal chamber (6) of a melting furnace (1) having a gas atmosphere to the filling hole (18) of a casting machine. To achieve an economic, easily dosable charging of the melt, the metered melt (S) is pumped up inside the withdrawal chamer (6) via a metering pump (12) and is drained towards the filling hole (18) via a discharge pipe (15) extending through the furnace wall, where through inlet nozzles (11) opening into the withdrawal chamber (6) a pulsed supply of gas to the withdrawal chamber (6) is effected to support the melt flow.

Abstract: An apparatus for depositing a selected pattern of solder onto a substrate on which electronic components are to be mounted. The apparatus includes a substrate support, a replaceable solder cartridge, and a solder ejector. The replaceable solder cartridge defines a cavity for containing solder and has an orifice for ejecting a continuous stream of molten solder. The solder ejector has a mechanism for retaining the replaceable solder cartridge during solder deposition and is positioned relative to the substrate support to deposit molten solder ejected from the orifice of the replaceable solder cartridge onto the substrate.

Abstract: A method related to a start-up phase for continuous casting of a molten metal. The molten metal flows into a continuous casting mold through at least one lateral opening of a submerged nozzle and through at least one bottom opening of the submerged nozzle. The at least one lateral opening may be directed toward a respective at least one wall of the continuous casting mold and the at least one bottom opening may be directed in a casting direction. During a start-up phase of the continuous casting process, a higher ratio of flow rates of molten metal through the at least one lateral opening to the molten metal flowing through the at least one bottom opening may be maintained than the ratio of the flow rates during a subsequent normal operation phase of the submerged nozzle.

Abstract: Process for reusing the plates of a slide gate for a metallurgical container. The gate has an upper indentation and a lower indentation for receiving a set of two refractory plates, each of these plates resting in an indentation by a face that becomes its support face and cooperating with the other plate by a face that becomes its characterized sliding face. A set of refractories comprised of a new plate associated with a plate that had been used once is used in the slide gate (2), and in that when the plates (12, 16) are changed the new plate is mounting in a lower or upper charging indentation (14, 18), this indentation remaining the same at the same at each plate change, the plate used once being mounted in the other indentation, which forms a recycling indentation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a long nozzle used to prevent molten steel flowing out of a collector nozzle of a sliding nozzle from being oxidized by atmospheric air when molten metal, particularly molten steel is poured from a ladle into a tundish. This nozzle has a construction comprising: (a) the long nozzle (3) made of a refractory causes molten metal to flow down from the collector nozzle (2) and the head thereof is covered by a metallic shell (16); (b) a first gas passage is provided to blow inert gas to the vicinity of a fitting portion (7) between the collector nozzle (2) and the long nozzle (3) through a first gas inlet port (8) provided on the side wall of the metallic shell (16); and (c) a second gas passage is provided to blow inert gas into an inner hole (18) of the long nozzle through a second gas inlet port (10) provided on the side wall of the metallic shell (16).

Abstract: A simple yet highly reliable technique for ejecting a droplet of heated solder, or other liquid conductive material, is described. Small droplets of an electrically-conductive liquid are ejected on-demand from a drop generator operating on a magnetohydrodynamic principle. The drop generator consists of two substantially parallel conductive paths separated by a thin electrically-insulating material. A channel for the conductive liquid contains a drop ejecting orifice, and the conductive liquid in the channel forms a first of these two parallel conductive paths. The other path is either a solid conductor or a second channel filled with the conductive liquid. A current on the order of 10-1000 amperes is pulsed through the two parallel conductive paths, and the interaction of the magnetic fields generated by the electric currents through the parallel paths with these currents forces a droplet of the conductive liquid through the orifice in the first channel.

Abstract: A method of joining an immersion nozzle to a refractory member is disclosed, wherein a sealing-agent layer is formed on the upper joining surface of the immersion nozzle, and an exfoliating-agent layer is formed on the lower joining surface of the refractory member.

Abstract: Feed reservoir intended for retaining a molten metal and in particular a steel, which reservoir comprises a refractory bottom, refractory walls, at least one nozzle placed in the refractory bottom in order to feed at least one mold with molten metal, a refractory buffer having a buffer bottom and an approximately vertical partition defining a cavity, the buffer being arranged on the bottom of the reservoir in order, on the one hand, to receive a jet of molten metal coming from a ladle which is moved above said reservoir and, on the other hand, to ensure that said reservoir is separated into two spaces, a first space having at least one nozzle and a second space, the cavity of the buffer, confining the molten metal, which metal then flows out into the first space by spilling over the top of the partition, wherein the buffer, the partition of which defines the second space, is divided into two zones by a barrier, a zone receiving the jet of metal and a zone in which the metal rises, the latter zone being locate

Abstract: The size and shape of molten solder droplets ejected from a nozzle of a droplet pump are stabilized using flux transported into the aperture region of the nozzle through which the droplets are ejected. The flux is periodically replenished as necessary to remove solder oxides and dross, as well as to lubricate the aperture. The flux may be deposited by spraying onto the nozzle, submersion of the nozzle, contact of the nozzle to a flux film, contact of the nozzle with an intermediate transfer medium, or through injection internal to the nozzle assembly. Fluxes exhibiting high activity and high thermal stability at elevated temperatures are preferred.

Abstract: A chamber for receiving a downward flow of liquid metal includes a generally horizontal base having a generally planar impact surface. A first faceted sidewall having a plurality of facets formed therein, generally extends upwardly from and encompasses the planar surface to define an interior space. The interior space has an upper opening for receiving the downward flow of liquid metal. A second wall extends inwardly and upwardly from the first faceted wall toward the upper opening. A plurality of buttresses are spaced along the first faceted wall. Each of the buttresses extends between the impact surface and the second faceted wall. The buttresses form a plurality of discrete pockets including at least one facet. The pockets are defined by the buttresses, the impact surface, the first faceted wall and the second wall. The buttresses laterally deflect and divide the radial outward flow into a plurality of discrete flow patterns associated with the plurality of pockets.

Abstract: By a method that may be used for transferring molten metal by using pressurized gas, molten metal in a metal furnace is automatically sucked into a molten metal chamber installed within the metal furnace through a fluid suction pipe by a balanced pressure inside the chamber. Then, when the molten metal sucked into the chamber is transferred to a specified position through a fluid feed pipe by applying a pressurized gas from an upper part of the chamber, the flow rate of the molten metal at the junction part between the fluid suction pipe and feed pipe or at the opposed part of an open end of the fluid suction pipe against that of the fluid feed pipe is accelerated, creating a higher flow rate at other parts of the fluid feed pipe. A molten metal transfer apparatus includes a molten metal chamber installed in a metal furnace and having a tightly closed upper part.

Abstract: A method for supplying molten metal alloy for producing thin amorphous metal wire or thin amorphous metal strip by liquid quenching and solidification on a moving cooling substrate controls the flow of molten metal from a ladle into a tundish. The ladle has a long nozzle with an interior passage for providing flow of molten metal alloy into the tundish. The ladle stopper has a distal end region received by the interior passage of the long nozzle. Control of the overlap between the distal end region of the ladle stopper received in the long nozzle during molten alloy flow and control of the sectional flow area provided in the long nozzle interior passage controls the flow quantity of molten alloy from the ladle into the tundish.

Abstract: A sealing arrangement for the molten metal portion of a lost core molding assembly includes a cooling chamber placed adjacent an opening of a heated nozzle chamber. The cooling chamber includes a generally cylindrical passageway that is aligned with the opening in the heated chamber distant from a tip of the nozzle. The generally cylindrical passage includes a reservoir, of a preselected axial length, for collecting a portion of the molten material that is allowed to enter into the passage. The collected material is cooled and solidified within the reservoir in order to form a generally annular bushing around a moving member that moves through the passage and the opening in the heated chamber while still permitting the moving member to move in a controlled manner. The annular bushing that is formed is self-repairing as additional molten material contacts the bushing and solidifies as part of the bushing.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for pouring molten metal in a crucible over a pouring lip of the crucible and into an opening in a mold is disclosed. The crucible and the mold are inside a chamber under vacuum, and the crucible is supported on a holder which is rotatable about first and second, spaced-apart, parallel, horizontal axes. The location of the first axis is selected so that over a limited arc the pouring lip moves primarily horizontally over a preselected distance such as 12-18 inches. The second axis is located so that tilting of the crucible about it causes the molten liquid to flow over the pouring lip. When the molten metal is to be poured, the manually or computer controlled actuators tilt the crucible about the first and second axes to position the lip so that the stream of metal flows into the mold opening at a predetermined rate.

Abstract: A heating element comprising:a body having a heating section;heating means inserted in or adjacent to said body, said means capable of generating heat, having a heat flux Q.sub.1 at a temperature T.sub.1 ; andheat transfer and concentration means capable of transferring said heat from said heating means to said heating section and concentrating said heat in said section such that said section has a heat flux Q.sub.2 at a temperature of T.sub.2, where Q.sub.2 is greater than Q.sub.1 and where T.sub.2 is equal to or less than T.sub.1.

Abstract: A compact printhead assembly is designed for employment in a soldering operation without the need for fluxes and without conducting the operation in a confined chamber. A self-contained printhead assembly has an internal reservoir and internal heating elements for raising the temperature above the melting temperature of solder or other liquid to be dispensed in microdroplets from a working surface at one end of the printhead housing. A jetting device containing an electro-mechanical transducer is pulsed to produced droplets at an exit orifice located at the working surface. Inert gas is preheated by the housing and delivered to the working surface to establish an oxygen-free atmosphere around the exit orifice and between the working surface and a substrate located a working distance away, whereby microdrops can be formed and deposited without harmful oxidation.

Abstract: An electromagnetic valve for controlling the flow of molten, magnetic material is provided, which comprises an induction coil for generating a magnetic field in response to an applied alternating electrical current, a housing, and a refractory composite nozzle. The nozzle is comprised of an inner sleeve composed of an erosion resistant refractory material (e.g., a zirconia ceramic) through which molten, magnetic metal flows, a refractory outer shell, and an intermediate compressible refractory material, e.g., unset, high alumina, thermosetting mortar. The compressible refractory material is sandwiched between the inner sleeve and outer shell, and absorbs differential expansion stresses that develop within the nozzle due to extreme thermal gradients. The sandwiched layer of compressible refractory material prevents destructive cracks from developing in the refractory outer shell.

Abstract: The present invention provides a recycle slide gate plate, said slide gate plate being connected to a lower portion of a molten metal container and used for sliding a plate to control a flow of molten metal drained from the molten metal container, comprising an upper plate and/or a lower plate obtained by polishing a sliding surface of a slide gate plate used at least one time, at a predetermined smoothness tolerance, a tubular ring fixed to a through hole obtained by cutting out a molten metal outlet portion of the upper plate and/or the lower plate having a projecting portion on a side opposite to a sliding surface of the upper plate and/or the lower plate, said projecting portion having a total height of a sum of a height dimension substantially equal to a height of a projecting portion of a new plate before use and a thickness dimension to be reduced by polishing out the sliding surface, the projecting portion being provided with a molten metal outlet hole formed inside the projecting portion, and a cushi

Abstract: A flow control device for the outlet nozzle for a molten metal handling vessel, such as a ladle, includes a plug that fits in the outlet nozzle to define a gap between the plug and a closure for the nozzle. The plug has a plurality of apertures which are closed by steel plates, or other material, that melts under the influence of the molten metal in the vessel. When molten metal is placed into the vessel and the closure for the outlet is opened, the molten metal flows into the apertures, melting the meltable material in the apertures, and out the outlet. Using a device and method described allows the amount of molten metal in a ladle to be reduced to about 0.5%, and a greater than 99% free opening rate can be provided.

Abstract: A pouring tube in the ingot mold of a continuous casting plant for producing thin slabs is replaced by arranging an auxiliary plate (4) on guide rails (9) next to an insert plate (3) of a pouring tube (12) in its operative position (14). A replacement pouring tube (2) is placed next to the auxiliary plate (4) so that the plates (3, 4) form a perfectly planar surface with abutting edges.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for tapping a reactor containing a molten fluid are disclosed. A conduit extending from the reactor is heated to a temperature which causes fluid extracted from the reactor to remain molten while in the conduit. Molten fluid is removed from the reactor by reducing the pressure in a receiving vessel attached to the conduit. As the pressure is reduced in the receiving vessel, molten fluid flows out of the reactor and into and through the conduit, discharging into the receiving vessel. The flow of molten fluid can be terminated by repressurizing the receiving vessel, thereby directing molten fluid in the conduit back into the reactor.

Abstract: The arrangement (100) has a retaining rod (10) that is divided into an upper part (18) that is capable of being attached to a lifting device and a lower part (1) that projects into a plugging rod (2), that comprises a rapid connection device for the firm gas-tight connection of the lower part (1) to the upper part (18) whereby this permits easy exchange of a worn plugging rod. The region of the lower part (1) of the retaining rod (10) that projects into the plugging rod (2) is provided with means for engagement (3, 4, 35) that, as a result of communal isostatic compression engage with the ceramic material of the plugging rod (2) and generate a gas-tight, non-detachable connection of the lower part (1) of the retaining rod (10) to the plugging rod (2).

Abstract: A dense carbon free surface is provided on a carbon bonded refractory shape which is particularly useful as a pouring tube liner to prevent the formation and build-up of alumina particles which may cause blockage of the tube. The carbon free, dense layer is also hard and erosion resistant making it ideal for use in other applications such as stopper rod noses. The material comprises a refractory mix having a major component of refractory oxides such as alumina and zirconia-mullite. Less than 10 wt. % carbon in the form of graphite and binder is in the mix plus about 2-5 wt. % of a metal such as silicon and an effective mount of sintering aids is also present. The pressed shape is preheated to a temperature of 1000.degree. -1400.degree. C. in air to oxidize the exposed surface of the shape and then to sinter the oxidized surface to form the desired dense, carbon free surface over the entire shape or on selected surface portions thereof.

Abstract: A smelt spout for a chemical recovery furnace comprises a trough of U-shaped profile fabricated as a casting in a nickel-chromium alloy containing a minor amount of niobium. A system incorporating the spout includes a cooling arrangement which delivers cooling air to the outside surface of the spout.

Abstract: A method of electroslag refining of metal is taught. The method includes the introduction of unrefined metal into an electroslag refining process in which the unrefined metal is first melted at the upper surface of the refining slag. The molten metal is refined as it passes through the molten slag. The refined metal is collected in a cold hearth apparatus having a skull of refined metal formed on the surface of the cold hearth for protecting the cold hearth from the leaching action of the refined molten metal. A cold finger bottom pour spout is formed at the bottom of the cold hearth to permit dispensing of molten refined metal from the cold hearth.

Abstract: Depoling and aging of a piezoelectric transducers used at elevated temperatures is controlled by poling the transducer, applying a bias voltage in the same direction as the transducer is poled to maintain the piezoelectric transducer at an elevated potential, and applying a drive voltage having a lesser magnitude than the bias voltage to induce elastic strain in the transducer.

Abstract: A method for shutting down and starting up a chemical recovery process of the type comprising burning concentrated black liquor in the furnace of a recovery boiler to produce a flue gas and a hot molten smelt in the bottom of said furnace and discharging the hot molten smelt in a continuous yet variable quantity via a smelt spout into a dissolving tank partially filled with an aqueous solution, said method comprising:inserting an elongated heating element into said spout;shutting down said boiler with said element in said spout such that on solidification of molten smelt in said spout said element is fixed in said solidified smelt; andstarting up said boiler by heating said element to a temperature equal to or greater than the melting point of said smelt to form molten smelt and removing said element from said spout to provide a substantially open spout for discharge of said molten smelt from said furnace.

Abstract: The firing and/or casting kiln has a containment casing which internally forms a treatment chamber, a part holder which is movably mounted inside the treatment chamber, an opening for access to the treatment chamber, and a conditioning system for producing a vacuum and introducing inert gas into the treatment chamber.

Abstract: In tapping method in which molten iron (16) and molten slag (18) are discharged from a blast furnace, a conducting pipe (30) is connected to the external side of a molten iron taphole (12), and an electromagnetic energy supply body (32) is disposed around the outer periphery of the conducting pipe (30), whereby a turning motion or a magnetic pressure due to an electromagnetic repulsive force to the molten iron flowing in the conducting pipe (30) for separating the molten iron (16) from the molten slag (18) thus controlling the discharge rates thereof. With this tapping method, it becomes possible to keep substantially constant the discharged amounts of molten iron and molten slag from the blast furnace during a period from the starting to the completion of the tapping and significantly reduce the number of drilling/blocking upon tapping, and hence to stabilize quality of products and save the tapping work.

Abstract: A spout-filling composition has from about 50% to about 70% by weight magnesium-aluminate spinel aggregate, from about 50% to about 30% by weight quartz sand, and lampblack in an additional amount of from about 0.25% to about 5.00% by weight of the magnesium-aluminate spinel aggregate and quartz sand admixture.

Abstract: According to the present invention, there is provided a sliding gate plate connected to a molten metal container, used as a part of a nozzle, for controlling a flow amount of molten metal in the molten metal container, comprising a main body of the sliding gate plate, having a through-hole at a section corresponding to a molten metal discharge control, and a cylinder having a ring-like fringe portion, and fit into the through-hole of the main body of the plate.

Abstract: Molten (M) is poured into a receiver (8,28) designed to reduce fume and then out into an open area (P) via an outlet (9,29) designed to cause the metal (M) to flow in a laminar flow. A hood (11) may be present above the receiver (8,28).

Abstract: A slide gate valve having a cementless joint between the valve and a metallurgical vessel containing molten metal is provided for facilitating the replacement of worn refractory components in the valve.