Abstract: A method for detecting faults during transport of a web in a web-fed printing machine, wherein web speed is determined by contact-free measurement, in accordance with the Doppler principle, includes the steps of: by applying microwaves, determining a first local speed of the web at a first measurement position; by applying microwaves, determining at least a second local speed of the web at a second measurement position spaced apart from the first measurement position in a direction of web transport; determining an actual value from the first local speed and at least the second local speed; determining any deviation of the actual value from a predefined desired value; and comparing the deviation of the actual value from the predefined desired value with a predefined threshold; a detecting device for performing the method; and a printing machine including the detecting device.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling the web tension in a perforation-welding system for making bags from synthetic resin foil webs in which whistling noises are eliminated by passing the web over a wall of a polygonal duct having an air outlet opening to which compressed air is fed. The air cushion and hence the spacing of the web from the wall is measured by an ultrasonic detector on the opposite of the web.

Abstract: Wire from a wire source is supplied to create a predetermined amount of slack wire in a predetermined configuration and to maintain that slack wire configuration. Some of the slack wire is withdrawn from the configuration and advanced for use in forming an electrical connector. As wire is withdrawn from the slack wire configuration, additional wire is supplied to renew and maintain that configuration. A characteristic of the slack wire configuration is sensed to control the amount wire supplied. In this manner, the mass and rotational effects of unwinding wire from a spool while simultaneously advancing that wire are avoided, thereby avoiding wire slippage and allowing the constituent components of the connector, such as bulges of a twist pin connector, to be more precisely located during fabrication.

Abstract: A thermal printer is disclosed which includes a housing, a chassis assembly with a printer mechanism securely mounted in the housing and a head frame assembly having a thermal head and rotatably mounted on the chassis assembly by a shaft. The shaft is disposed in a paper feeding direction at a side of the chassis assembly. The thermal printer further includes a paper sensor having a sensor frame rotatably mounted on the chassis assembly by a shaft which also is disposed in the paper feeding direction at the side of the chassis assembly.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for automatically producing door panels in a single line in order to enable continuous production are provided. In the apparatus, a first uncoiler supplies the wound inner plate material. A first leveler regulates a flatness of the inner plate material. A press forms a pattern on the inner plate material. A marking device marks a cutting position on the inner plate material from the presser. A bend controller controls a bend of the inner plate material from the marking device. A second uncoiler supplies an outer plate material. A second leveler regulates a flatness of the outer plate material supplied from the second uncoiler. A roll forming device roll-forms both edges of the inner and outer plate materials. A heater preheats the inner and the outer plate materials. An injector injects insulated material between the inner and outer plate materials. A marking sensor senses the mark on the inner plate material and outputs a sensing signal.

Abstract: A device for adjusting the transverse position of a strip of packaging material on a packaging machine for producing packages containing a pourable food product, the device having a slide movable crosswise with respect to the strip and carrying a gripping member for moving the strip transversely; and a system for automatically adjusting the position of the slide in response to signals generated by optical sensors for detecting respective limit positions of the strip.

Abstract: Wire from a wire source is supplied to create a predetermined amount of slack wire in a predetermined configuration and to maintain that slack wire configuration. Some of the slack wire is withdrawn from the configuration and advanced for use in forming an electrical connector. As wire is withdrawn from the slack wire configuration, additional wire is supplied to renew and maintain that configuration. A characteristic of the slack wire configuration is sensed to control the amount wire supplied. In this manner, the mass and rotational effects of unwinding wire from a spool while simultaneously advancing that wire are avoided, thereby avoiding wire slippage and allowing the constituent components of the connector, such as bulges of a twist pin connector, to be more precisely located during fabrication.

Abstract: An apparatus for calibrating a tension transducer for a web includes a pair of nip rollers and a motor for driving at least one of the pair of nip rollers, the motor having at least one roller output being a function of at least one of a motor torque and a motor velocity. A web tension transducer roll is located upstream of the nip rollers, the web tension transducer having a tension output being a function of the actual web tension of the web. A processor receives the at least one roller output and the tension output, the processor calculating a tension correction value as a function of the at least one roller output and the tension output.

Abstract: A reflective type light sensitive sensor assembly is used for sensing the position of marks on a surface moving past the sensor. A typical showing is in relation to sensing marks on a ribbon used during printing operations, or lamination operations. The sensor assembly includes a LED light source that has a central axis, and a light sensitive transistor or sensor mounted in a single housing, with the housing oriented so that the axis of the light from the LED is inclined at an acute angle relative to the surface of the ribbon. The axis is at an angle other than perpendicular or near perpendicular to the surface. The marks used for identification are light diffusing marks, such as white marks or strips that will provide adequate reflection of light back to the light sensitive transistor or sensor forming part of the sensor assembly.

Abstract: An apparatus and methods for handling and texturing yarn are provided. The apparatus preferably includes a yarn supply positioned to supply a plurality of strands of yarn, a false twister positioned downstream from the yarn supply for imparting a false twist to the plurality of strands of yarn, a yarn undulation former positioned downstream from the false twister for forming undulations in each of the plurality of strands of yarn, and a conveyor positioned to receive the plurality of yarn strands having undulations formed therein and for conveying the undulated strands of yarn downstream.

Abstract: Process and device for handling a material web. The process includes moving the material web, at least in stretches, along with at least one circulating endless belt in a circulation direction and monitoring the movement of the edge of the at least one circulating endless belt. The process further includes driving repeatedly the circulating endless belt in a direction generally transverse to the circulation direction. The device includes at least one circulating endless belt for moving the material web along, at least in stretches, in a circular direction, and a master control unit for determining the transverse movement of the circulating endless belt. Additionally, the device includes at least one belt travel sensor for monitoring the position of the at least one circulating endless belt and repeatedly moving, in cooperation with the master control unit, the at least one circulating endless belt generally transverse to the circulation direction, and an activation device, for moving the sensor.

Abstract: An ink jet textile printing method forms an image on cloths in an image forming operation by repeating a step of applying ink on the cloths from an ink discharge port of a recording head, the recording head relatively main-scanning to form the image in a main scan direction, and a step of relatively conveying the cloths in a sub-scan direction. The method includes the steps of forming the image on the cloths by applying ink on the cloths from the recording head based on image data. The method further includes the step of temporarily stopping the image forming operation in accordance with an indication to effect a temporary halt of the image forming operation. When the temporary halt is indicated while the recording head performs a main scan in the image forming operation, the image forming operation by the main scan is completed, and then the temporary halt of the image forming operation is effected by moving the recording head to a standby position.

Abstract: An apparatus and methods for handling and texturing yarn are provided. The apparatus preferably includes a yarn supply positioned to supply a plurality of strands of yarn, a false twister positioned downstream from the yarn supply for imparting a false twist to the plurality of strands of yarn, a yarn undulation former positioned downstream from the false twister for forming undulations in each of the plurality of strands of yarn, and a conveyor positioned to receive the plurality of yarn strands having undulations formed therein and for conveying the undulated strands of yarn downstream.

Abstract: In web-fed rotary printing machines having a plurality of operating units arranged one after another, each unit having synchronously driven elements that interact directly or indirectly with the printing-material web, high reliability and short response times are achieved by a torque monitoring device having inputs for signals corresponding to the torque on at least one element of each operating unit. Upon the occurrence of an abrupt torque change on at least one monitored element, the monitoring device generates an output signal associated with a web break.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling the web tension in a perforation-welding system for making bags from synthetic resin foil webs in which whistling noises are eliminated by passing the web over a wall of a polygonal duct having an air outlet opening to which compressed air is fed. The air cushion and hence the spacing of the web from the wall is measured by an ultrasonic detector on the opposite of the web.

Abstract: The invention provides a pick and place system having a taper module that determines both placement and direction of the carrier tape by optically counting sprocket holes as they move in either direction. Compartments in a carrier tape are serially spaced along the longitudinal axis of the tape. The tape also includes a plurality of sprocket holes serially spaced along a line that is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tape. The distance between compartments corresponds to a predetermined number of sprocket holes. Two optical couplers are set at a predetermined distance smaller than the s pacing between consecutive sprocket holes. Signals from the couplers will have a unique sequence depending on the direction of the tape. By using direction and number of sprocket holes, the exact position of the tape can be determined.

Abstract: A festooner transfers cloth between a dye machine and a transfer box utilizing a driven roller and a laterally mounted idler roller creating a vertical interstice to effect a vertical discharge of the cloth into a laying funnel. The driven roller is grooved to maintain tension on the cloth without creating adherence that would cause the cloth to wrap around the roller. A sensor further detects the presence or absence of driven roller, and reduces the speed of the driven roller when the idler roller is displaced from the driven roller.

Abstract: An apparatus and methods for handling and texturing yarn are provided. The apparatus preferably includes a yarn supply positioned to supply a plurality of strands of yarn, a false twister positioned downstream from the yarn supply for imparting a false twist to the plurality of strands of yarn, a yarn undulation former positioned downstream from the false twister for forming undulations in each of the plurality of strands of yarn, and a conveyor positioned to receive the plurality of yarn strands having undulations formed therein and for conveying the undulated strands of yarn downstream.

Abstract: An apparatus for and a method of controlling a drag roller in a printing machine to move a web with no shift of a printing position and enhance the printing quality remarkably, even when the drag roller varies in diameter due to its temperature change. From a given temperature-rotational-speed table, a controlling unit obtains a rotational speed of the drag roller so as to adjust a circumferential speed of the drag roller, which speed corresponds to the current circumferential surface temperature checked by a temperature monitor unit. Then, a rotational speed changing unit changes the rotational speed of the drag roller to a value equivalent to the rotational speed obtained by the controlling unit.

Abstract: A friction drive apparatus includes an edge detection system for determining a lateral position of a strip material advancing in a longitudinal direction. The edge detection system includes a first sensor and a second sensor for monitoring the lateral position of the strip material. The friction drive apparatus also includes instructions for automatically aligning the strip material as the strip material is advanced a predetermined aligning distance and instructions for calibrating the second sensor with respect to the first sensor to compensate for any potential discrepancies therebetween. The apparatus and methods of the present invention ensure that the strip material is properly aligned in the friction drive apparatus and limit waste of strip material during those operations.

Abstract: An apparatus for and a method of controlling a drag roller in a printing machine to move a web with no shift of a printing position and enhance the printing quality remarkably, even when the drag roller varies in diameter due to its temperature change. From a given temperature-rotational-speed table, a controlling unit obtains a rotational speed of the drag roller so as to adjust a circumferential speed of the drag roller, which speed corresponds to the current circumferential surface temperature checked by a temperature monitoring unit. Then, a rotational speed changing unit changes the rotational speed of the drag roller to a value equivalent to the rotational speed obtained by the controlling unit.

Abstract: The friction drive system for printing, plotting or cutting graphic images on strip material includes a feedback for a drive motor driving a plurality of friction wheels for advancing strip material in a longitudinal direction. The feedback signal includes a short-term response component and a long-term response component to accurately pinpoint the exact longitudinal location of the strip material. The short-term response component is generated by comparing a motor encoder signal from a motor encoder secured to the drive motor with a commanded longitudinal position of the strip material and passing the resultant differential error signal through an all pass filter. The long-term response component is generated by comparing a detecting encoder signal from a detecting encoder secured to a device detecting the actual longitudinal position of the strip material with the commanded longitudinal position of the strip material and passing the differential error signal through a low pass filter.

Abstract: A ticket dispensing apparatus is provided including a framework having a driver roller rotatably coupled to the framework to dispense tickets therefrom. Also included is a sensor for monitoring the dispensing of the tickets. A motor is coupled to the drive roller and in communication with the sensor to rotate the drive roller and thereby advance the tickets. Further coupled to the framework is a support for supporting the tickets. For maintaining the tickets in operational relationship with the sensor and the drive roller, at least one guide is coupled to the support. In use, the guide is adjustable to accommodate tickets of varying widths. Also, the guide is substantially rigid in order to avoid bending the tickets.

Abstract: A yarn feeder intended particularly for flatbed knitting machines and elastic yarns has a yarn tension sensor which is provided with a calibration device. This device lifts the yarn from a peg that is part of the yarn tension sensor, at times in which this can be done without impairing operation of the yarn feeder. Such times are preferably time slots when no yarn feeding is necessary. Once the yarn has been lifted from the peg, a zero point calibration is performed. Zero point drifting of the entire sensor system, including its measurement circuit, can be detected and compensated for.

Abstract: A device for feeding an elastically extendable yarn to hosiery knitting machines, which includes a positive yarn feeder composed of two mutually opposite contrarotating rollers which have parallel axes and between which the yarn to be fed passes. Elements are provided for rotationally actuating at least one of the rollers about its own axis with a rotation rate which can vary on command. Downstream of the positive feeder along the yarn feed direction, there are arranged elements for detecting the tension of the yarn and a programmable control and monitoring unit which is operatively connected to the detector elements. The control and monitoring unit compares the yarn tension detected by the detector elements with a yarn tension which is preset in the control and monitoring unit.

Abstract: A volumetric feed control apparatus for a build material element such as a filament used in a three-dimensional modeling machine having an application tip includes a pair of feed rollers feeding the filament to the application tip, and a sensor or sensor system feeding information to a central processing unit that continuously computes the effective cross section of the filament using the signals received from the sensor or sensor system. The central processing unit controls the speed of a DC servo or stepper motor which in turn rotates the feed rollers to advance the filament toward the application tip of the modeling machine. The central processing unit adjusts the speed of the feed rollers to supply a constant flow rate of material to the application tip. Alternatively, the sensor system can be incorporated into the feed rollers, eliminating the need for further space constraints.

Abstract: A wire conveyance system is provided for a wire bonding machine having, in series, a first wire handler, a wire slacking device and a second wire handler. The wire slacking device includes a wire support chamber having a substantially enclosed bottom, opposing first and second vertical sidewalls, a substantially open top, a back opening and a front opening. The wire slacking device further includes a pressurized fluid source and first and second fluid orifices for receiving a pressurized fluid from the pressurized fluid source. The fluid orifices extend through the first or second sidewall of the wire support chamber with the second fluid orifice being positioned downstream of the first fluid orifice. First and second fluid paths are provided in fluid communication with the pressurized fluid source via the first and second fluid orifices. The first and second fluid paths extend upward between the first and second sidewalls of the wire support chamber and out the open top.

Abstract: For supplying yarns, a yarn supply apparatus is contemplated that is designed particularly for knitting machines whose yarn demand fluctuates greatly over time. The yarn supply apparatus has a rotor-driven yarn wheel, which in the ideal case furnishes yarn directly to the knitting machine or its yarn guides without the interposition of yarn storage devices. The yarn tension is monitored by means of a yarn tension sensor, which provides measured value detection for a closed-loop controller that controls the supply by the yarn wheel. The controller is also embodied such that it can process signals that contain information about the future yarn demand. Thus in the event of imminent drastic changes in demand, of the kind that in flatbed knitting machines periodically occur at the edges of the knitted goods (turning points of the yarn guide), the controller can react by presupplying yarn or by ceasing to supply yarn. Yarn tension spikes and overly steep yarn tension drops can thus be compensated for.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for cutting through protective film in the region of covered-over joints and beads of vehicle bodies includes a freely programmable industrial robot having at least five degrees of motional freedom. An operating arm of the robot has a cutting and pressing tool which includes a knife having a blade for cutting through the protective film in the region of covered-over joints and beads, and the pressing tool comprises a rotary brush or air nozzle for pressing down the cut edges. In another embodiment, an air nozzle which emits a diffuse hot-air current is provided for cutting through the protective film.

Abstract: A system for determining the edge of a continuous web and which compensates for non-uniformity in dielectric response, including thickness is disclosed. The invention comprises first electrode for outputting a signal corresponding to the edge position of a continuous web; and second electrode associated with said first electrode for outputting a second signal corresponding to the thickness of the web, such changes in the output signal of the second electrode are related to the output signal of the first electrode.

Abstract: The invention accomplishes print medium feed functions, at least in part, by making use of pre-existing printer apparatus that is used to accomplish other functions of the printer. For example, the invention can enable the use of a single print drive mechanism to accommodate multiple print medium feed paths within a printer and, in particular, feed paths in which print media are fed into the print drive mechanism in different (e.g., opposite) directions. Additionally, the invention can enable a rotatable media guide that can be positioned in one position to guide a sheet of a print medium during a print operation and in another position to release the sheet of the print medium after the printing operation, to be positioned in still another position to facilitate guiding a sheet of a print medium into a print drive mechanism after the sheet has traversed a gap in the feed path.

Abstract: A position detector senses an undulating pile tuft edge position of a carpet as it is processed in a carpet making machine by detecting attenuated light passing through the carpet's primary backing material to determine the exact position of the carpet's undulating pile tuft edge at any given time. Sensor signals from the detector are digitally filtered through one pole cascaded filters to produce an average pile edge position signal which, in turn, controls actuators for secondary and primary backing material guide rolls to not only center the carpet for aligned entry into the carpet machine's tenter, but also apply the secondary backing material to the primary backing material at a precise position.

Abstract: A sensor for use with a yarn processing apparatus that includes at least one roll over at least a portion of the surface of which at least one yarn is conveyed is operative to generate an accumulation signal representative of a wrap accumulation of yarn circumferentially around the surface of the roll.

Abstract: A metal coil printing mechanism for providing alignment between two patterns to be printed on a surface of the coil includes a blanket cylinder for applying a pattern to the metal coil and first and second plate cylinders which apply first and second patterns to the blanket cylinder. The first plate cylinder is geared directly to the blanket cylinder for rotation therewith. The second plate cylinder is geared for rotation with the blanket cylinder through a phase shifting device. The phase shifting device can be adjusted such that the circumferential position of the second pattern relative to the first pattern is adjusted such that desired alignment of the two patterns can be obtained.

Abstract: A device for controlling the tension in a web of a printing press includes an adjustably positionable dancer roll coupled to an air cylinder. The dancer roll engages the web at a position subsequent to the chill exit nip rolls and prior to a next nip roll pair, e.g., the slitter unit entrance nip rolls. The air cylinder applies a biasing force on the dancer roll to maintain contact between the dancer roll and the web. A control device is coupled between the dancer roll and the next nip roll pair. The control device monitors the position of the dancer roll and increases or decreases the speed of the next nip roll pair based on the direction and magnitude of the dancer roll movement. In this manner, the tension in the web is kept substantially constant between the chill exit nip rolls and the next nip roll pair.

Abstract: Press rollers for being pressed respectively against wires are provided on an upper side of the wires while length-measuring rollers for respectively contacting the wires are provided on a lower side of the wires. A number of revolutions of each length-measuring roller is detected by an encoder, and an amount of actual feed of each wire is detected in accordance with its revolution number, and a pulse signal, representing its detection value, is sent to a comparison processing portion of a controller. In this comparison processing portion, the amount of actual feed of each wire, detected by the encoder, is compared with a predetermined feed amount of a feed roller beforehand given as an instruction to the processing portion, and if there is any difference between the two, an instruction is given to a servo amplifier, and the servo amplifier sends an instruction to a servo motor for driving the feed roller so as to rotate the servo motor in a normal or a reverse direction in accordance with this difference.

Abstract: A detector unit (30) for use in a wire handling machine (10) includes an encoder (38) for monitoring movement of the wire (26) along a wire feed path (28) and for detecting the presence of a splice (130) and the end of the wire (26) as it is being fed. The shaft (58) of the encoder is electrically interconnected to the frame (12) of the machine by means of a brush (66) and leaf spring (68) and includes an enlarged diameter (62) for engaging and being driven by the wire being fed. A presser member (84), which is electrically isolated from the frame (12), is arranged to urge the wire against the enlarged diameter (62) so that when a the wire is fed it causes the shaft (58) of the encoder to rotate proportionately. When the controller unit (126) detects wire movement that is substantially different from that expected, the machine is stopped and an appropriate message is displayed.

Abstract: A cushioning conversion machine (10) comprises a frame (36), conversion assemblies (50, 52, 54, 56) which convert a stock material into a cushioning product, and a length measuring device (12) which determines the length of the cushioning product as it is being produced. The conversion assemblies include a rotating assembly (54) and the angular movement of this assembly directly corresponds to the length of the cushioning product. The length measuring device (12) is positioned to monitor the angular movement of the rotating conversion assembly (54) and thus the length of the cushioning product. In the preferred embodiment, the rotating conversion assembly (54) is a gear assembly.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus for controlling the infeed speed of a bag making machine. In one embodiment, the nip roll speed is changed from a variable speed to a fixed speed after a cycle interrupt occurs. Once a dancer arm returns to an upward position, the nip roll speed changes back to the variable speed. In another embodiment, the nip roll speed is approximately equal to an average line speed and the dancer is trimmed to correct the speed of the nip rolls. There is also disclosed a method for controlling the infeed speed.

Abstract: A method for detecting disruptions in the transport of a web in a rotary printing press. A speed evaluation is performed on the web and then analyzed, including a comparison of a contactless measurement of the instantaneous speed (VPAP(t)) of the web with a speed selected from the group of speeds of the web consisting of: 1. a virtual speed (VVIRT(t) which is evaluated from the mechanical speed of the press, 2. an average speed (VAVE(t)) measured during a time before the last measurement, and 3. a speed (VPAP (t.sub.k-1)) measured at the moment immediately before the moment when an instantaneous speed (VPAP(t.sub.k)) is measured. The analysis is performed to obtain a respective speed difference, and to compare the respective speed difference with a respective prescribed threshold value. If the speed difference is not within the threshold value, a signal is generated which indicates that the web is not traveling at the proper speed.

Abstract: An edge sensor working on ultrasonic principles is used to protect the edge of a travelling web and has a plurality of sensor units with adjacent or overlapping ultrasonic measurement fields between the transmitter and receiver of each unit. The units are switched so that only one unit serves to output a receiver signal when the edge crosses over into the respective measurement field.

Abstract: A powered loop stand includes a frame having a base, first and second substantially parallel substantially vertical columns attached at their bottoms to the base, and at least one across support between the columns. A driven roller is supported for rotation about a substantially horizontal axis by the columns adjacent the top of each, typically between about four and five feet from the base. A number (e.g. three) of vertically spaced loop sensors are mounted by the frame between the columns so that their positions with respect to the driven roller are adjustable, e.g. mounted by vertical support with a bracket or collar frictionally engaging the support. A variable speed electric motor having an output shaft with a drive pulley is mounted within the column and a drive belt directly engages a peripheral surface of the roller and the pulley to drive the roller. The sensors are operatively connected to the motor for controlling its speed of operation.

Abstract: A printer includes a tractor unit for feeding continuous form paper, encoders driven in synchronization with a tractor belt, and detecting sensors for detecting rotation of the encoders to generate feed pulses at a standard interval. The printer further includes a paper top sensor which detects a leading edge of the continuous form paper to generate a paper top signal and is arranged to control the feeding of the paper based on a feed pulse generated after the paper top signal. In order to compensate for a delay of the paper top signal, the printer controller is arranged to determine if there is a delay in the paper top signal by comparing the time interval between the paper top signal and the feed pulse with a threshold value. The printer is so arranged that the threshold value is stored in a non-volatile memory and can be set after assembly of the printer.

Abstract: A rotational detector is attached to each of the rolls that might be passed over or under as part of a paper web/path. Each of the rotational detectors emits an output signal which indicates whether the roll it is attached to is moving and, if it is moving, the direction it is moving. A comparator compares the output from each of the rotational detectors to path requirement data for the path that the pressman intended to web. The comparator determines whether any mistakes have occurred and if an error has occurred the roll on which the mistake has occurred. The comparator then determines whether any of the mistakes which might have occurred are catastrophic, requiring rewebbing. If there are no catastrophic errors, a controller adjusts the register for any deviations from the intended path that might have occurred during webbing.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a guide apparatus for guiding a moving web of material having a tuft portion mounted on a backing portion such that the backing portion extends outwardly from the tuft portion to form at least one tuft edge. The web is movable in a web direction through a travel path threaded through the guide apparatus. The guide apparatus comprises a base and a platform pivotally mounted on the base to pivot about a pivot range. At least two parallel steering rollers are mounted on the platform and disposed transversely of the web direction of travel when the web travels across the platform. A sensor is positioned substantially adjacent to the travel path of the web to sense a lateral position of the tuft edge and to output an output signal indicative of the lateral position of the tuft edge when the web travels through the travel path.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for detecting a yarn wind on a rotating roll partially looped by the yarn and associated with a yarn processing apparatus, and which includes a light source for directing to the monitoring range of the roll a light beam, which is imaged as a light strip along a surface line of the roll, and a light sensor with an evaluation device. The sensor detects the light reflected from a yarn wind, which is converted into an electric signal and may then be further processed.

Abstract: A detector (14) for regions of excess thickness in a moving web (12a) includes a first jaw member (120; 72, 82); a second jaw member (122; 68, 70); a frame (56; 120a, 122a) supporting the first and second jaw members with a gap (88; 138) there between through which a web can be transported, the gap having a width more narrow than a maximum desired thickness of a transported web; a support (52, 54; 116, 118; 160, 162; 164, 166) for the frame to allow the frame and the first and second jaw members to move when a web having a region of thickness in excess of the width of the gap engages the jaw members at the gap; and a sensor (96-100; 148-152) for detecting movement of the frame to indicate presence of a region of excess thickness at the gap. A web transport system embodying such a detector also is disclosed.

Abstract: Web feed apparatus, for example in web printing and folding apparatus, has a pair of opposing rollers, one (28) on a fixed axis and one (22) laterally movable to define an adjustable nip gap between their peripheries. The gap is automatically set and adjusted by a setting screw (4) driven by a servo motor (60) with rotation of the screw monitors by a potentiometer sensor (64). A stop collar (52) on the screw limits axial displacement thereof to determine the set nip gap and a spring (50) urges the rollers towards each other but permits displacement under overload conditions. A rectilinear sensor (54) senses said conditions by monitoring relative displacement of the stop collar and a programmable control system processes signals from the sensors and operates the servo motor accordingly.

Abstract: A machine and method of performing a work operation requiring a known or predetermined length of unconsumed web has a cassette containing consumable web material, and the cassette has an indicator for identifying a length of unconsumed web in the cassette. The length of unconsumed web in the cassette is compared to a known or predetermined length of unconsumed web required to perform the work operation, and the operation is performed if the length of unconsumed web in the cassette is at least equal to the required length of unconsumed web. In one embodiment, the indicator takes the form of a potentiometer mounted on an exterior surface of the cassette for electrically indicating the amount of unconsumed web, or a pointer carried by a worm gear rotatably coupled to a spool of the cassette, wherein the pointer moves relative to indicia on the cassette upon rotation of the spool to visually indicate the amount of unconsumed web in the cassette.

Abstract: A motor driven stock feed apparatus for feeding stock along a lengthwise path to maintain a slack loop in the stock. A loop size sensor includes four vertically spaced infrared beam emitters mounted at one side of an upright plane containing the lengthwise path of strip stock and four vertically spaced infrared beam sensors mounted at an opposite side of the upright plane. The infrared beam emitters are operated to emit a continuous train of pulses. A missing pulse detector associated with each infrared beam sensor senses missing pulses in the train of pulses received by the beam sensor and operates a motor speed control to increase and decrease the speed of the stock feed apparatus.