Abstract: A process and apparatus for fabricating an optical fiber communication cable are described herein. The optical fiber cable has a cable core including a metal containment tube and at least one optical fiber within the tube. The containment tube preferably is formed by drawing a strip of metal through at least one forming die. In a first aspect of the present invention, smooth operation of the forming die is promoted by first passing the metal strip through a shaving die to remove any shearing burrs along the strip edges and to maintain the width of the strip within a desired tolerance.In a second aspect of the present invention, various approaches for effectively sealing the containment tube are described. In a first embodiment, the tube is sealed using a wave soldering approach wherein a flow of moving molten solder is used to substantially fill a seam in the tube.

Abstract: An improvement is provided in a known process for welding liquid-filled aligned end sections of pipe. The known process involves positioning a sleeve over the junction between the pipe ends and fillet welding the two ends of the sleeve to the pipe ends. The improvement comprises providing an insulative ring within each pipe end directly beneath the line along which the sleeve's fillet weld is to be applied. The ring is composite in nature, being formed of a heat-insulating liquid-disintegratable material coated with a second material which is liquid-impermeable but slowly dissolvable in the pipe line liquid contents. The ring is operative to reduce the rate of heat transfer, from the weld area to the pipe line liquid, during welding. With a ring in place in each pipe end section, the engirdling sleeve is fillet welded to the pipe ends. Subsequently, the rings are disintegrated over time by the liquid.

Abstract: Workpieces which are formed by the build-up of weld metal are treated and cooled by directing a fluid such as water in a large stream so that rapid and intensive cooling of the surfaces of the workpiece is achieved by creating a laminar water flow. A water quantity is directed to reach the workpiece surface in a laminar flow and it is permitted to flow over the workpiece as the water is sucked off before it reaches its boiling point at the rate of flow to the workpiece and away from the workpiece being sufficient to prevent the formation of steam. The water which is employed is advantageously recooled to its initial temperature by the withdrawing effect created by an air fan.

Abstract: Stress corrosion cracking 36 at a welded pipe joint 14 in service in a nuclear reactor can be controlled by the location of a overlay weld 18 over the primary weld 16, which extends axially along the pipe on either side of the primary weld 16. The overlay weld 18 is comprised of a plurality of circumferentially and continuously applied weld beads 35, 37 which extend substantially to a minimum distance necessary to produced a favorable residual stress pattern. This distance has been estimated to be the square root of the product of the radius of the pipe times the thickness of the pipe on either side of the primary weld 16.

Abstract: A device for building up a workpiece of any shape by deposit welding comprising a support device for the workpiece and a welding head for depositing the filler material. A form shoe is arranged on both sides of the workpiece wall that it being built up. Each form shoe is movable independently from the other one and transverse to the workpiece wall. The welding head is reciprocably mounted between the form shoes. There is provided a device for producing relative movement between the support device with the workpiece and/or the welding head and the form shoes.

Abstract: A method of field welding head-hardened rails which includes the steps of gas pressure welding the rails, shearing off excess metal therefrom at the welded portion with a portable welder device, subjecting the railhead of the pressure welded portion of the rails to a subsequent heat treatment with a gas heater device, setting a width of the pressure welded portion to be heated at the time of the subsequent heat treatment with a pair of jigs, and cooling the portion which has undergone the subsequent heat treatment with an air blowing type cooler.

Abstract: A method of bonding photodetector devices to heatsinks, which devices can be damaged above 250.degree. C., using a gold-tin eutectic solder which has a melting point of 280.degree. C., is disclosed. The process comprises heating the heatsink and solder past the solder melting point on a quick thermal response heating element, turning off the heating power, and introducing the chip into the liquid solder on the cool down cycle. By controlling the rate at which the heatsink solder and device cool down and the time span from introduction of the chip to solidification of the solder, the chip can be exposed to sufficient heat to provide a good thermal, electrical and physical bond while substantially enhancing the yield of electrically undamaged photodetector chips.

Abstract: A process for creating a support means for a component part of a usually complicated configuration that is to be reworked and/or repaired, by surrounding the surfaces of the component part that are to be supported by a meltable alloy which, in the cooled state, supports said component, and by removal of the meltable alloy after the treatment of the component part by heating is characterized in that, before the pouring, cooling pipes are placed in the support area to be cooled during the treatment of the component part, with said cooling pipes, during the pouring process, being embedded by said meltable alloy. Thus, a support means is created that can be produced in a simple and rapid manner, for a component part having a complicated support surface, which can also be well cooled. A support means of this type is especially suitable as a welding device for a component part to be repaired which is to be repaired, for example, by micro-plasma build-up welding.

Abstract: Prior to welding, a base metal of an austenitic stainless steel alloy is cooled to approximately -78.degree. C. This process, using a conventional filler metal, reduces microfissuring in welds.

Abstract: A process for balancing a crankshaft comprising applying balancing masses onto the outer peripheral surfaces of balancing weight parts of a crankshaft, by welding, in accordance with the degree of unbalance of the shaft and preliminarily forming recesses or projecting portions at positions radially inward of the balancing masses applied by welding to prevent transmission of thermal stress to central journal parts of the crankshaft and thereby preclude bending of the shaft.

Abstract: Apparatus augmenting a wave soldering machine for mitigating warpage of a printed wiring board after it is processed by the soldering machine comprises heat dissipation means (200) and cooling means (202). The dissipation means directs a first gaseous stream over the a narrow, transverse strip on the underside of the board as it exits a crest of molten solder supplied by the soldering machine. The stream solidifies any liquid solder without disturbing the solder joints. The cooling means directs a second gaseous stream to substantially the centerline region of the board as it exits the dissipation means. The seriatim arrangement of heat reduction means produces a cooling characteristic which is the inverse of the temperature characteristic caused by the soldering operation.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for bonding a semiconductor laser chip to a heatsink and testing the bond obtained, temperature in the bonding operation is regulated by passing a small fixed current through the forward biased laser and monitoring corresponding change in voltage caused by alteration of the laser pn junction temperature. Current is passed to the laser through a floating contact consisting of a conducting vacuum pick-up pressed against the laser top surface. Bond integrity is subsequently tested at low temperature by passing a dc current greater than a threshold current through the laser and measuring the resulting light output and then passing a pulsed current with identical peak current level and again measuring light output. The difference in light output is a function of the bond thermal resistance.

Abstract: The apparatus of the present invention is used for holding and cooling a metal tube during welding. The tube has a cylindrical bore of predetermined diameter extending therethrough. The apparatus comprises a cylindrical mandrel having a bore extending axially therethrough. The bore has a central portion of reduced diameter and has outwardly tapering portions at its opposite ends. The mandrel also has a plurality of elongated axially extending slots formed in the walls of the mandrel so as to permit the mandrel to expand radially outwardly. Cam means are positioned within the mandrel bore and are adapted to be moved to cause outward radial expansion of the mandrel. The method of the present invention comprises placing the mandrel within the cylindrical bore of the metal tube, and expanding the mandrel radially outwardly against the inner surface of the metal tube, so as to hold the tube in place and cool it during welding.

Abstract: Stacked leaded hybrid substrates and associated carrier plates are exited from a reflow solder operation onto a vibrating table. Vibration of the table sequentially advances each stacked carrier and substrate until components on the latter contact an arm that is spaced above the table. Detection of the presence of a substrate and carrier adjacent the arm causes a plunger to move transversely across the table and into contact with an edge of the substrate. Further movement of the plunger pushes an edge of the carrier into contact with spring loaded pins in the table top. The shear force created on contiguous surfaces of the substrate and carrier by the plunger and pins causes the substrate to slide off of the carrier and over the pins. If this shear force exceeds a prescribed value, the pins rotate into the table top for passing a carrier and/or substrate without damaging the latter.

Abstract: A method is described for attaching a preformed solder ring to a cover used to hermetically seal a container for a semiconductor device. The surface of the preformed solder ring that engages the cover is caused to melt and bond to the cover on solidification while the opposite surface of the ring is maintained relatively cool in a solid state by abutment against the flat surface of a cooling block.

Abstract: Stacked leaded hybrid substrates and associated carrier plates are exited from a reflow solder operation onto a vibrating table. Vibration of the table sequentially advances each stacked carrier and substrate until components on the latter contact an arm that is spaced above the table. Detection of the presence of a substrate and carrier adjacent the arm causes a plunger to move transversely across the table and into contact with an edge of the substrate. Further movement of the plunger pushes an edge of the carrier into contact with spring loaded pins in the table top. The shear force created on contiguous surfaces of the substrate and carrier by the plunger and pins causes the substrate to slide off the carrier and over the pins. If this shear force exceeds a prescribed value, the pins rotate into the table top for passing a carrier and/or substrate without damaging the latter.

Abstract: A component comprised of a composite compact, preferably diamond, and a substrate bonded to the compact. A preferred embodiment of the component is a cutter for a drill bit. The compact is comprised of a layer of bonded diamond or boron nitride particles and a base layer of cemented carbide bonded, preferably under high temperatures and pressures, to the particulate layer. The particulate layer is degradable by expvsure to temperatures above a predetermined temperature. The substrate is bonded to the base layer of the compact with a filler metal which, to form a bond, requires the exposure of the surface to be bonded to a temperature substantially greater than the degradation temperature of the particulate layer. The component is fabricated by heating the base layer, filler metal and substrate to a temperature in excess of the degradation temperature while maintaining the temperature of the particulate layer below the degradation temperature via a heat sink.

Abstract: An assembly system for assembling microcomponents of semi-conductor or other electronic devices includes on a unitary machine frame the tooling for precision excising tape mounted microcomponents, precision forming their electrical leads, placement of the components in correct registration with conductors on a pre-positioned substrate, and bonding the formed leads to the conductors. Bonding is conducted by clamping the leads to the conductors at the bond site, moving a heated anvil into contact with a heat conductive path to the bond site and withdrawing the heated anvil while maintaining the clamping.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for welding or brazing of sheetmetal or plate covered with a temperature degradable protective coat, such as zinc or plastic. A cooling saddle supplied with liquid nitrogen is arranged on the side of the plate opposite that adjacent the welding torch. During the formation of the weld, gaseous nitrogen escapes through holes in the saddle to cool the protective coat and keep it from melting or volatilizing.

Abstract: A metallic tank having an insulated interior is disclosed which exhibits unique features to enable the welding of the tank sections together without damage to the insulation. The insulating lining is installed in the multi-piece metallic tank prior to the welding of the tank sections together. A heat shield is provided between the weld area and the insulating liner to prevent damage to the liner during the welding process. The method of assembly allows the economical and rapid fabrication of lined metallic tanks without fear of damaging the lining material.

Abstract: A first contact joint screwed to the open end of a lubrication oil passage bore within the shaft of a track roller whose surface is to be rebuilt by welding material thereto, bears cooling medium inlet and outlet ports, bears an intake tube whose length is such that one end is centered axially between radial oil passages constituting branches for the oil passage bore such that a cooling medium fed to the intake terminal of an intake/exhaust sleeve borne by the first contact joint circulates through the track roller in the area of welding for maintaining the track roller surface at relatively low temperature during welding of the built-up material to the periphery of the track roller.

Abstract: Machine for rebuilding by welding hard metal on track roller assemblies. The machine includes a system for recirculating coolant through the assembly during a welding operation and for controlling the temperature of the coolant. The machine further includes means whereby as one roller assembly is being rebuilt, the previously welded roller assembly is cooled by the circulation of coolant.

Abstract: A method for cooling a weld in steel piping during butt welding with cooling of the inside comprises, after joining of pipe ends by a root pass on the inside, cooling the junction being welded by subsequent passes with injection of a liquid medium at room temperature from the center of the pipe against the surrounding wall, in a direction between radial and tangential directions relative to the inner pipe surface. An apparatus for practicing the cooling method comprises a rotatable multi-nozzle assembly having a radius of rotation corresponding to the inside diameter of the pipe and is capable of injecting the cooling medium against the inner surface of the pipe, a duct for conducting the cooling medium to the nozzles, and a pumping device for forcing the cooling medium under pressure into the nozzles.

Abstract: A method for butt welding of austenitic stainless steel piping with forced cooling of the inside by the flow of a cooling medium comprises the steps of initially welding the pipe ends together by a root pass prior to the inflow of the cooling medium so as to prevent leakage of the medium to the outside, introducing an insert for constraining the flow of the cooling medium into the pipe, and welding the junction while forcing the medium to flow through the space between the insert and the surrounding wall of the pipe, the insert constructed so that it increases the flow velocity of the cooling medium to the maximum in the vicinity of the welded joint being formed.

Abstract: A process for joining together parent parts made from wrought austenitic stainless steel without sensitization of the parent material, and the product produced by this process. Each wrought workpiece has welded thereto an appendage made from cast (not wrought) austenitic stainless steel which is equal to or better in corrosion resistance and mechanical properties, and is compatible with the solution heat treatment requirements of the parent austenitic stainless steels. The resulting workpiece is solution heat treated at in-process stages of manufacture to dissolve the carbides which have been formed in the heat affected zone created by the welding operation. Then two of said workpieces are welded together at the abutment of the appendages, there being no formation of precipitated carbides in the parent material, because the heat affected zone does not extend into the wrought parent material, but instead is restricted to the appendage which by definition is not sensitizable.

Abstract: A method for regulating the parameters of thermal cycles in electroslag welding in which the entire area of the zone affected by heating is cooled. The area is limited by isotherms of maximum heating temperatures within an interval from temperatures close to the melting temperature point up to a temperature A.sub.1. The cooling is effected so that the cooling rate would increase in the direction of movement away from the area heated up to the melting point towards the area heated up to the temperature A.sub.1. The device for realizing the method of regulating the parameters of thermal cycles has jets secured on the side and bottom faces of the slide block, with outlet spraying nozzles for the jets located such that the cooling medium flowing out from those nozzles would cool the entire surface of the metal of the seam and the zone subject to heating effect the surface is limited by the isotherms of maximum heating temperatures within an interval from the melting point up to the temperature A.sub.1.

Abstract: A method of holding two separate metal pieces together for welding including the steps of overlapping a portion of one of the metal pieces on a portion of the other metal piece; encasing the overlapping metal piece in a compressible device; drawing the compressible device into an enclosure; and compressing a portion of the compressible device around the overlapping portions of the metal pieces for holding the metal pieces under constant and equal pressure during welding thereof. The preferred apparatus for performing the method utilizes a support mechanism to support the two separate metal pieces in an overlapping configuration; a compressible device surrounding the support mechanism and at least one of the metal pieces; and a compressing device surrounding the compressible device for compressing the compressible device around the overlapping portions of the metal pieces, thus providing constant and equal pressure at all points on the overlapping portions of the metal pieces.

Abstract: Metal/ceramic abradable seals of the type used in jet aircraft are improved by maintaining a temperature differential between the metal/ceramic composite and the cooler substrate during cooling from the brazing temperature.

Abstract: Tapered stainless steel spool pieces are welded to the ends of stainless steel pipe lengths at the factory to provide subassemblies which are then annealed and thereafter in the field are positioned with the larger free ends of opposed spool pieces disposed to receive weld metal uniting the subassemblies while coolant liquid is maintained in contact with the inside surfaces of the spool pieces.

Abstract: An improved welding chill is formed by covering a surface area of a part opposite from an area which is to be welded, with a body of powdered metal. The body of powdered metal is sintered while it is in engagement with the surface area of the part. This results in the accurate formation of a sintered metal chill member which is gas pervious, that is a chill member with spaces through which gas can flow. During a welding operation, an inert gas is conducted through the chill member to the surface area of the part against which the chill member is pressed to retard oxidation of the surface area.

Abstract: An arc welding method for manufacture of a welded steel pipe wherein the edges of a steel plate bent into a pipe shape are welded together on one side for forming a pipe and then the seam line of the thus formed pipe is welded by a second welding operation at the side opposite to the side where the first welding was performed. During such second welding, the weld is cooled forcedly from the side where the first welding was performed. Such forced cooling compensates for any physical effects accompanying the welding and imparts elevated toughness to both the weld metal and the heat affected zone.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for feeding coolant to the interior of a connecting pin during build-up welding of a track link assembly, for protecting the peripheral seal members of the connecting pin from the welding heat, comprising a coolant charging and discharging adapter having a forcibly butting conical shaped end to be placed in contact with an opening in the lateral end face of the connecting pin and an elongate pipe for feeding a coolant through said adapter into said connecting pin interior. The coolant is removed continuously or intermittently during welding through an annular passageway formed in the adapter concentrically about the pipe, or through a passageway similarly formed by an insertion portion carried by said adapter.

Abstract: A heat sink welding and purging apparatus for use in the welding of pipe joints for piping to be used with nuclear power systems and the like wherein the weld area must be kept below a temperature at which the dangers of carbide precipitation occur. The various embodiments include expandable heat sink and sealing bladders which are expanded in use to respectively seal the adjacent interiors of the ends of the two pipes to be welded at the adjacent joints. After expanding and sealing the pipe openings, coolant is fed into the interior of the apparatus to cool the joint being welded. Also purging gases may be used to eliminate undesirable atmospheric gases adjacent the weld joint.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for sealing packages, e.g., microelectronics packages containing heat sensitive elements, by applying heat to melt solder on the peripheries thereof. At the same time heat is being applied to a package heat sinks are simultaneously engaged with the top and bottom portions thereof to carry off excess heat and thus protect the heat sensitive elements from damage.

Abstract: The heat-sensitive components of cables and cable connectors are protected from overheating during vapor phase soldering by enclosing such components in a metal foil bag.