Abstract: A method of, and apparatus for, preventing the formation of deposits on surfaces downstream of a mixer in which possibly supersaturated mixtures issuing from the mixer are surrounded by a sheath of unsaturated solution. In an arrangement described, the sheath of unsaturated mixture is obtained by bleeding off some of the mixture issuing from the mixer sufficiently downstream of the mixer definitely to be unsaturated and returning this portion of the mixture to surround that issuing from the mixer.

Abstract: Large crop areas are irrigated, for instance by pivot irrigation, by being sprayed with water into which a substantially stable dispersion in a liquid of water soluble polymer particles has been metered at a predetermined low rate.

Abstract: A dispenser system for treating water containing systems in place with a dry chemical substance. The dispenser has a water soluble pouch housing a dry form of a chemical material to be used in treating the system. The pouch is positioned in a make down unit so that the chemical is dissolved to form a liquid concentrate which is then introduced into a water containing system. A controller is attached to the make down unit to regulate the flow of water into the apparatus and the flow of liquid concentrate out of the apparatus and into the water containing system.

Abstract: A device is mounted between an inlet pipe and a shower head and includes a receptacle for mixing a stream of water with additives. A portion of the stream of water passing from the inlet pipe to the shower head is diverted into the receptacle. The receptacle includes replaceable containers, a first container containing a first additive and a second container containing a second additive. The diverted stream of water mixes with the first additive and the second additive upon contact with the first and second containers. The diverted stream containing additives is then returned to the main stream of water which exits the shower head. The flow of the diverted water to and from the receptacle is controlled by a valve. The present invention provides an improvement over known arrangements by providing additives which are kept separate from one another preventing a chemical reaction between the additives which would cause a loss of potency.

Abstract: The shower spa fixture is mounted between an inlet pipe and a shower head and includes a container for mixing a stream of water with additives. A portion of the stream of water passing from the inlet pipe to the shower head is diverted into the container. The container includes a replaceable cartridge which has a first additive in a first chamber and a second additive in a second chamber. The diverted stream of water mixes with the first additive in the first chamber, passes through a screen to the second chamber, and mixes with the second additive in the second chamber. The diverted stream containing additives is then returned to the main stream of water which exits the shower head. The amount of additives added to the main stream of water is controlled by a control valve. The present invention provides an improvement over known arrangements by providing two additives which are kept separate from one another preventing a chemical reaction between the additives which would cause a loss of potency.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are nozzles connectable to a hose or other fluid supply. The nozzles can store an active material such as an insecticide and then dissolve it into the water from the hose. The nozzle has an elongated cylindrical outer housing. A sleeve is positioned in the housing which stores the active material. An interaction between a cap and a valve controls the valve on/off operation and also a rinse by-pass in response to rotation of the housing relative to a knob. After the liquid passes into the sleeve, it travels a serpentine path before it reaches the outlet of the housing. This, along with a particle trap and a swirl chamber, provides a relatively consistent solution concentration.

Abstract: Retrofit systems are provided to convert existing automated vehicle washing systems from using conventional car wash chemicals to highly concentrated chemicals. The retrofit systems enable a car wash operator to control the feed volume of concentrated chemicals that are fed to a spray arch where the chemicals are mixed with water before being sprayed on a vehicle. The system provided enables the operators of existing car washes to convert from conventional chemicals to highly concentrated chemicals without purchasing an excessive amount of new equipment or carrying out extensive modifications of existing equipment. A novel feature of the present invention includes the use of a concentrate feed control block for controlling the volume of highly concentrated chemicals delivered to the spray arch of the car wash where the chemical is diluted with water before being applied to a vehicle.

Abstract: An automatic fertilizer system apparatus having a liquid fertilizer dispenser for introducing the continuous addition of a selected amount of fertilizer, insecticide, herbicide type chemicals to sprinklers that use an outside waterline. The dispenser having an adjustable metering cap with different diameter through-holes for allowing the contents of the dispenser to be injected into the flowing stream of water which leads to the sprinklers in a selected precise manner. The system splits incoming water into the dispenser, and underneath the dispenser where an orifice having a inwardly facing bevelled through-hole along with the metering cap forms a point of lowest pressure region where the chemicals are injected into an output fluid flow to sprinkler heads in amounts selected and dependent upon by the different sized metering caps.

Abstract: A cleaning apparatus capable of supplying on a substantially continuous basis an anhydrous agent and water to an area to be cleaned. The cleaning machine includes an inner enclosure disposed in an interior chamber of an outer enclosure. The outer enclosure is designed to enclose the interior chamber. Also, provided in the cleaning apparatus is a system for purging the interior chamber with dry air. The inner enclosure contains the anhydrous agent, which is typically baking soda. The inner enclosure further includes a system for distributing the anhydrous agent to a cleaning nozzle.

Abstract: The present invention is a biological tracer method for characterizing the movement of a material through a medium, comprising the steps of: introducing a biological tracer comprising a microorganism having ice nucleating activity into a medium; collecting at least one sample of the medium from a point removed from the introduction point; and analyzing the sample for the presence of the biological tracer. The present invention is also a method for using a biological tracer as a label for material identification by introducing a biological tracer having ice nucleating activity into a material, collecting a sample of a portion of the labelled material and analyzing the sample for the presence of the biological tracer.

Abstract: A container having a mixture of one part of a two-part epoxy adhesive with a plurality of glass beads pre-mixed therein. The concentration of beads in the final mixture as applied to the joint to be bonded is in the range of about 5% to about 20% by weight, with the beads having a diameter in the range of 0.003 to about 0.030 inches. The mixture is capable of being pumped from the container and applied to a member for forming a hem flange joint with another member. The adhesive/glass beads mixture finds particular utility to help prevent excess squeeze out and promote reliable bonds in processes in which an inner and outer panel of an exterior automotive closure member are joined together by way of a hem flange.

Abstract: A chemical treatment device for delivering nutrient and plant-health chemicals to plants whose water source is from a drip irrigation system. The system includes a housing within which a chemical treatment tablet can be disposed, with the housing having an inlet for a water source upstream of a site of disposition of the tablet and connectible to a drip irrigation water source, and a water outlet downstream from the site of disposition of the tablet. The invention places a chemical treatment tablet in intimate association with water flow from the drip irrigation system to thereby accomplish simultaneous irrigation and chemical treatment of the plants.

Abstract: An aerosol is formed by supplying a material in liquid form to a tube and heating the tube such that the material volatizes and expands out of an open end of the tube. The volatized material combines with ambient air such that volatized material condenses to form the aerosol. An apparatus for generating such an aerosol, and a method for generating such an aerosol, are also disclosed.

Abstract: A system and method for injecting liquid/solid mixtures into porous pulse media, such as earth, is disclosed. A two-tank arrangement where liquid only is stored and run through a main pump, while a liquid/solid slurry is stored and moved to join the liquid under pressure by a chemical injector pump is shown. Finally, a displacement wheel commands solenoid valves, for pulsing the pressured liquid, through a distance measuring device such as a laser interacting with a laser target operatively coupled to a ground traveling wheel.

Abstract: An aerosol generator (10) includes a plate (18) defining an orifice (20) through which a jet of liquid is projected, which breaks up into droplets. The plate (18) is vibrated to control the droplet size, and the size distribution. The droplet size distribution is monitored, and this information is used to control the vibration to ensure the droplets are monodisperse and of the correct size. This can be achieved as follows: the droplets are diverted by a transverse air stream, and an optical image is obtained of the diverted jet (28) onto a linear array of photodetectors (34). The signals from the photodetectors represent the particle size distribution, and are supplied as input to a computer (36) whose output is used to control the vibration of the plate (18).

Abstract: An apparatus for forming a foamed outdoor protective cover layer having a storage tank adapted to contain a slurry. A pump is connected to the storage tank for supplying slurry from the tank to a first inlet port of a regulating valve. A foam generator is connected to a second inlet port of the regulating valve. The regulating valve also includes an outlet port which is connected to a spray nozzle. The regulating valve is operable to combine foam produced by the foam generator with pumped slurry to produce a foamed composition. The regulating valve is adjustable to vary the rate of addition of foam to the pumped slurry to control the density of the foamed composition.

Abstract: A fluid-mixing device and a fluid-dispensing system are disclosed. The fluid-mixing device comprises a nozzle (200) having an outlet (210), an inlet (208) adapted for receiving a high-pressure liquid diluent, a nozzle mixing chamber (226), an orificed fluid passageway (236) communicating with the mixing chamber (226), and an orificed fluid-metering element (180) in fluid communication with the fluid passageway (236). A vacuum effect is created in the mixing chamber (226) when high-pressure liquid is passed from the nozzle inlet (208) to the nozzle outlet (210).

Abstract: A high pressure hot water acid washer is towed to a site on a trailer. A chemical tank and gasoline and diesel fuel tanks are filled. A water supply hose is connected to a water tank. A power cord is connected to a power source. A float valve controls the filling of the water tank. Water flows from the water tank through a Y-type filter to a water pump. A drain withdraws water directly from the water pump. The water pump and a compressor are driven with an engine. Pressurized water flows through a flow switch to a heat exchanger. Upon water flow, the flow switch completes a power circuit to operate a fuel pump with an electric motor. Fuel is pumped from the fuel tank and is atomized and sprayed into the heat exchanger. An ignition coil ignites the fuel. The power circuit is interrupted upon sensing a high temperature in a pressurized water delivery line from the heat exchanger. Pressure of pressurized hot water in the delivery line is controlled with a hot water pressure relief valve.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating a high-pressure fluid jet which preferably draws a material, such as an additive, into the fluid jet. A working pressure of the fluid is increased to generate a high-pressure fluid. The high-pressure fluid is stored within a high-pressure chamber of an accumulator. The stored high-pressure fluid is discharged through a discharge port of the accumulator. The pressure of the high-pressure fluid within the high-pressure chamber is maintained by decreasing the volume of the high-pressure gas chamber as the fluid passes through the discharge port. The high-pressure fluid is then transported into an injection nozzle for forming a high-pressure fluid jet. Within the injection nozzle, a material is combined with the high-pressure fluid jet. The combined fluid and material jet is then discharged from the injection nozzle.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for dispensing a liquid agricultural agent at a desired rate. A source of the liquid is pressurized and passed in parallel though at least one regulating capillary tube of such diameter and length as to regulate the rate of dispensing of the liquid at the desired rate. A pressure of the liquid is sensed and controlled for the purpose of adjusting the above-mentioned flow rate. A flow rate of the liquid is sensed and used with the sensed pressure to detect and alert a user of possible problems in the system, such as clogging of a dispensing outlet. A ground speed of the farm tractor which is transporting the system can he sensed in order to calculate the appropriate flow rate. A geographical location a farm machine in order to facilitate "prescription farming". The liquid may be injected and mixed with a carrier, and the mixing can be done in close proximity to an outlet orifice.

Abstract: A method for adhesively joining two members includes the steps of mixing non-compressible beads with an adhesive, applying the resulting mixture to one of the members and hemming one member over the other in overlapping relationship. Apparatus for performing this method includes a container for containing a mixture of an adhesive and a plurality of non-compressible beads, an applicator for applying the mixture to one of the members, and hemming means for hemming one member over the other in overlapping relationship. A metering device for dispensing adhesive fluid is constructed with a dispensing rod having a cooling means for facilitating operation of the metering device. The present invention finds particular utility in bonding together the inner and outer panels of an automotive door assembly.

Abstract: Disclosed is a unit volume mixing apparatus for reconstituting a one or more component concentrated media in an influent stream. Mixing is facilitated by a water-driven mixing vortex. The effluent fluid stream is filtered, sterilized and delivered to a sterilized receiving bag for containing a unit volume of reconstituted material.

Abstract: A single, unitary reactor and its feed mechanism for microorganisms, nutrients, and, commonly, also enzymes are disclosed. The reactor forms and dispenses a slurried biomass for turf and soil enhancement, water body treatment and agricultural application through conventional irrigation systems. The feed mechanism feed the various components into the slurry within the reactor on any desired schedule, including different schedules for different components. The microorganisms, nutrients and enzymes are provided in the form of pellets to individual compartments within the feed device, and they are individually injected into the slurry intermittently upon a predetermined schedule. Preferably the housing will contain a plurality of the compartments for a variety of different slurry components. The component pellets may be of any convenient shape and size, but preferably will be either disk-shaped or spherical.

Abstract: A portable soil drenching apparatus and method employing any of a number of water soluble biocidal materials for pre-plant soil treatment in order to eliminate pests and disease agents. The apparatus includes a series of hoses each having drip irrigation emitters in place thereon at spaced intervals. The hoses may be attached to the underside of a tarp. Each hose is sealed at one end and attached at the other end to a manifold delivery system. The hoses are deployed onto the field which is to be treated, and the manifold is connected to a water supply and material mixing source. The selected materials are mixed with the water and introduced into the hose and manifold system by one of three alternative methods (uniform delivery, wave delivery or stacking) resulting in drenching of the field and elimination of pests and/or disease agents. Alternative embodiments allow for connection to existing linear, wheel line, and center-pivot irrigation systems and for the use of low atomizing sprinklers instead of hoses.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods for spraying water-borne coating compositions having at least about thirty five percent by weight of the solvent fraction by using compressed fluids such as carbon dioxide and ethane, so as to decrease runs, sags and drying time in the application of coatings.

Abstract: A method and dispensing apparatus for dispensing a soluble compound into a liquid stream. The dispensing apparatus includes a base having an inlet end and an outlet end with a throughbore connecting said inlet end to said outlet end. The throughbore is of generally constant diameter and unobstructed. A container for housing the soluble compound includes an opening. The container is removably secured to the base by a threaded connection. The base includes inlet and outlet connectors to couple the inlet end of the throughbore to a conduit connected to a liquid source and the outlet end of the throughbore to a lawn sprinkler. The base has an entrance orifice and an exit orifice between the throughbore and the secured container. A stake is adapted to be attached to the base member to secure the apparatus to the ground. The entrance orifice is smaller in diameter than the exit orifice and is typically located upstream of the exit orifice.

Abstract: An improved two membered substantially crack-free water jet mixing tube of an abrasive water jet cutting device and a method of its preparation. The method comprises chemically vapor depositing diamond layer on a funnel shaped support member to form an inner member of the mixing tube, separating the inner member from the support member, depositing and then cooling an outer member on the outer side of the inner member to produce a compressive stress on the inner member that substantially prevents formation cracks on the inner member. The inner side of the inner member has a smooth bore having a microcrystalline structure and the outer member has a higher coefficient of thermal expansion than diamond. The invention is also directed to a water jet cutting device that incorporates the aforementioned improved substantially crack-free water jet mixing tube.

Abstract: A system for diluting and dispensing concentrated liquid products is disclosed. The system includes a dispensing device (10, 150) containing a removable proportioning means such as an aspirator assembly (40, 154). A concentrate pickup tube (114) attaches to the dispensing device and is in fluid communication with the aspirator assembly. The dispensing device can utilize a rigid outlet tube (20, 159) which is removably attached to nozzle tip (18, 158) for dispensing to large containers. Also disclosed is a method for diluting and dispensing chemical solutions using the dispensing device of the invention.

Abstract: A sprayer control system and method for using same includes a pump for directing a mixture of chemical and fluid carrier to a flow control valve. The flow control valve includes an intake port, a bypass port, and a regulated outlet port. A valve member is rotatable to direct fluid from the intake port either to the bypass port or the regulated output port. Fluid from the bypass port is sent through a bypass line back to the intake opening of the fluid pump. Various chemical tanks are connected to the bypass line for injecting metered amounts of chemical into the bypass line.

Abstract: An installation for the controlled dosing of an irrigation flow with a herbicide particularly for detecting root growth into the outlets of an underground drip irrigation line, includes a sealed container and a slow release herbicide material wherein a portion of the flow is directed through the herbicide impregnated material so that herbicide is controllably released into the diverted flow, and the diverted flow is reintroduced into the irrigation flow.

Abstract: A method for providing a continuous injection of a substantially constant amount of a desired treatment chemical into a flowing process stream is described. This method insures that the concentration of the desired treatment chemical is maintained at a relatively constant and effective concentration throughout the flowing process stream. The means for providing the relatively continuous injection of the treatment chemical is preferably a pump that provides a continuous injection at a relatively constant flow rate of the treatment chemical into a flowing process stream.Providing a uniform concentration of a treatment chemical in a flowing process stream maximizes the benefit of the treatment chemical. Conventional methods for injecting treatment chemicals provide intermittent injection of the treatment chemical such that sections of the flowing process stream have no concentration of the treatment chemical. This reduces the benefit of the treatment chemical and may prevent it from providing any benefit at all.

Abstract: A system for spraying ceramic coatings on surfaces in contact with molten metals in which a constant amount of slurry made from water and ceramic powder is supplied to a pump and a hose for applying the slurry to the surface to be coated. Activation of an air valve delivers air to the hose at a sufficient pressure to spray the slurry on the surface to be coated. Deactivation of the air valve shuts off the pump.

Abstract: The method for introducing a treatment medium into the waste gas flow in combustion processes provides that a carrier medium be mixed with a treatment medium, wherein these media are brought to a pressure level necessary for the atomization in a one-component nozzle prior to mixing. The quantitative proportion of treatment medium to carrier medium, which is adjustable as desired, is adjusted as a function of the NO.sub.x gas concentration in the treated gas flow or as a function of the waste gas quantity. The atomization pressure is either predetermined as a fixed value corresponding to the nozzle configuration or adjusted as a function of the waste gas quantity. The atomization pressure can also possibly be regulated as a function of the evaporator load. Water serves as carrier medium, while ammonia, sal ammoniac, urea or calcium cyanamide is used as treatment medium.

Abstract: A thin invert composition and method for applying agricultural products to a target area with minimal drift or evaporation is based on a water and oil mixture which is emulsified by minimal agitation so as to provide a low viscosity emulsion. The emulsion, when sprayed through small spray orifices (e.g., 0.020 inch internal diameter) forms a thin invert wherein the water phase is enclosed in the oil phase and the droplet size is small (e.g., 1000 microns mean diameter) and uniform. The water phase carries a hydrophilic active agricultural product. The mixture can have 15 to 50% oil phase by weight, and 50 to 80% water phase by weight, the water phase containing the active hydrophilic product of up to 75% by weight of the water phase. According to the composition and the method disclosed, the surface tension of the droplets formed when spraying is the primary factor determining droplet size, and is kept small and uniform for thorough application to leafy surfaces and the like.

Abstract: A method of applying a quick setting spray material is disclosed, wherein a cement-containing principal composition is supplied into a feed pipe and sprayed through a nozzle and an aqueous solution of a (meth)acrylate as a set accelerating agent is supplied into the principal composition at a linear speed of 0.5 to 50 m/sec through at least two supply pipes that are connected to the feed pipe in a position within one meter behind the tip of the nozzle in such a manner that extended axes of the supply pipes cross each other within the feed pipe and wherein the at least two supply pipes form a supply angle of 30 to 90 degrees with respect to the direction at which the principal composition flows, whereafter the principal composition and the set accelerating agent are jetted from the nozzle.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are described for providing improved irrigation to vegetation in open areas such as parks and golf courses, including providing improved microbiotic and nutrient supplies to such vegetation in a non-sterilized environment. In its method aspects, the invention comprises combining in an aqueous slurry effective amounts of first and second microorganisms, enzymes and nutrients, allowing the combined microorganisms to grow in a closed reservoir to reach levels of concentrations of the first and second microorganisms effective for irrigation, enhancement and nutrition of vegetation, and then applying the concentrated materials to the vegetation in a water slurry in quantities sufficient to effectively irrigate and provide nutrition to the vegetation and to provide it with protection against harmful microorganisms.

Abstract: A method of preparing a mixture of a carrier liquid and an active liquid in required proportion including: providing a flow of carrier liquid, controlling a liquid flow to an appropriate portion of the carrier liquid flow from pressure drop measurements of the proportional liquid flow, displacing active liquid with the proportional liquid flow without liquid contact, and including the displaced active liquid in the carrier liquid flow, thereby producing a liquid mixture in the required proportion without a flow meter. The mixed liquid may be used in at least one of a sprayer and a nutrient film equipment. The displacement medium may be provided from the carrier liquid supply.

Abstract: A multi-functioning water-directing device is described comprising an input garden hose coupler, a series of straight pipe sections, an U-shaped transition pipe section, a straight output water-directing jetting segment, and a handle all coupled together by a plurality of coupling means. As a result, fluid flow can be directed both downstream and upstream relative to said handle and eventually exit from the jetting segment in a desired output pattern. In accordance with one aspect, the handle (positioned in parallel contact with at least the U-shaped transition section and the jetting segment and in series contact with at least the input hose coupler), is constructed so that its interior is placed in fluid contact with passing fluid stream wherein the weight of the contained fluid adds handling stability as the device is dynamically moved through a series of working positions such as relative to an overhead rain gutter and high riding motor vehicle.

Abstract: A liquid coatings application process and apparatus is provided in which supercritical fluids, such as supercritical carbon dioxide fluid, are used to reduce to application consistency viscous coatings compositions to allow for their application as liquid sprays.

Abstract: A system for programming and controlling the rate at which an agricultural chemcial (e.g., fertilizer) is supplied to the water in an agricultural irrigation system. In one embodiment the system is combined with a center pivot irrigation system having a vertical water feed pipe, a horizontal boom, and a chemical supply connected to the feed pipe. A rotation sensor determines the degree of rotation of the boom and a controller controls the amount of chemical supplied to the feed pipe. The system enables the amount of chemical applied to be varied from one section of a field to another.

Abstract: A liquid such as a herbicide is delivered from spray nozzles (4) on a boom (2). The herbicide is supplied from a herbicide container (8) by a pump (18), and is diluted with water supplied from a tank (10) by a pump (12). The speed of the herbicide pump (18) is controlled by control means (22) and is responsive to the travel speed of the apparatus. The volumetric output of the pump (18) is calibrated by supplying the herbicide to a calibration vessel (32) during a test cycle in which the apparatus travels over a predetermined distance. Correction factors can then be input to the control means (22) in order to bring the volumetric output of the pump (18) into line with desired flow rates.

Abstract: A system for programming and controlling the rate at which an agricultural chemical (e.g. fertilizer) is supplied to the water in an agricultural irrigation system. In one embodiment the system is combined with a center pivot irrigation system having a vertical water feed pipe, a horizontal boom, and a chemical supply connected to the feed pipe. A rotation sensor determines the degree of rotation of the boom and a controller controls the amount of chemical supplied to the feed pipe. The system enables the amount of chemical applied to be varied from one section of a field to another.

Abstract: An inorganic hydraulic material composition containing reinforcing short fibers is sprayed without breakage thereof, by fluidizing reinforcing short fibers in a blast of compressed air, by blending the flow of the reinforced short fibers fluidized in the blast of compressed air with a dry mixture of an inorganic hydraulic material such as cement with an aggregate such as sand in a dry blending region, by introducing the resultant dry blend into a water-mixing region, by mixing the dry blend with water, and by spraying the resultant wet composition through a spray nozzle.

Abstract: A spray head is disclosed having an aligned fluid conduit leading respectively to a source of pressurized water and a spray outlet. A rotatable, vertically movable valve element lies in a suitable bore in the spray head between the conduits. The valve has a horizontal conduit therethrough which merges with a vertical conduit adapted to convey liquid from a container to which the spray head is connected. A frangible locking collar lies between the head of the valve and the upper surface of the spray head holding the valve from either rotational or vertical movement towards the container. Breaking and removal of the locking collar allows for 90.degree. rotation of the valve to unseat inwardly from flange carried by the valve body from inwardly projecting retaining flanges carried by the spray head body thereby allowing for downward movement of the valve to puncture a seal over the container holding the liquid.

Abstract: A method for chemical spray treatment of unwanted bird roosts whereby a mixture of water and chemical wetting agents are pumped to the spray location under high pressure through flexible water hose. A single vertical riser pipe is assembled and hinge mounted to a portable base support which is adjusted to match the ground terrain. A water powered rotating sprinkler is attached to the top of the pipe and adjusted to the desired spray arc and radius. The pipe and sprinkler are hoisted to the vertical position, secured, and the roost is sprayed until the birds are soaked. The portable base support is assembled with hinge pins and has adjustments on each leg to allow it to conform to the ground terrain.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for the spraying onto a field of a liquid such as a herbicide solution by means of a spraying apparatus, propellable over the field, with a series of spraying members (3) fed by a common liquid pressure pump (6) wherein a carrier fluid is supplied to the spraying members (3) by means of the pump and the active substance in the stream of carrier fluid is added by means of a second regulatable pump (12), wherein the volume of carrier fluid provided to the spraying means (3) is controlled dependantly on the quantity of active substance by a regulating system (5) controlling one of the two fluid flows, in order to keep the concentration of active substance in the carrier fluid constant irrespective of the travel velocity, ensuring that although the quantity of the active substance is regulated dependantly on the travel velocity, the concentration is independant thereof, resulting in a homogeneous spreading of the active substance over the full width of the strip of land to be sprayed.

Abstract: In a method and an apparatus for pneumatically discharging hydromechanically conveyed hydraulic building material for underground operations, in which compressed air is supplied to the wet building material, pumped in a dense stream, in front of a mouth piece serving the discharge thereof and having in particular a nozzle shape, the compressed air being gunned out together with the building material, the invention provides for the dense stream of the pumped building material to be supplied to the compressed air supplied in a stream, sealed off from the outside air by the wet building material, and thereby be distributed in the compressed air stream and conveyed with the latter to the mouth piece to be discharged therefrom.

Abstract: A prilling apparatus with which a molten material hardenable upon cooling is prilled to a narrow size distribution without fouling of atomizing fluid ports. The apparatus includes: (a) a nozzle body; (b) a central bore for conducting the feed material through the nozzle body; (c) a plurality of exit passages formed in the nozzle body in fluid communication between the central bore and exterior the nozzle body; and (d) a plurality of atomizing fluid passages adapted for impinging an atomizing fluid upon feed material essentially exteriorly the nozzle body at an angle of from about 120.degree. to about 160.degree., preferably about 135.degree.-145.degree., when the atomizing fluid and the feed material are expelled under pressure from the fluid passages and the exit passages, respectively, thereby atomizing the feed material.

Abstract: Apparatus and method of its use for delivering liquid additives to irrigation units which comprises an additive liquid source and means for injecting said additives. Injection means utilize the venturi effect to permit controlled delivery of additive to fluid bound for the sprinkler circuit. Check valves permit connection of one additive liquid source to a series of water supplies. A pressure relief valve having sliding members is also described.

Abstract: An installation for the controlled dosing of an irrigation flow with a herbicide particularly for detecting root growth into the outlets of an underground drip irrigation line, includes a sealed container and a slow release herbicide material wherein a portion of the flow is directed through the herbicide impregnated material so that herbicide is controllably released into the diverted flow, and the diverted flow is reintroduced into the irrigation flow.