Abstract: The invention relates to a process and apparatus for reducing pollutant gas emissions in the combustion of fuel, which utilize oxygen or oxygen-enriched air while avoiding the resulting disadvantages of high flame temperature and low gas momentum resulting in high NO.sub.x emissions. The invention provides a process of burning fuel, which simultaneously injects two jets of heated oxidant gas such as recirculated furnace gases and mixing such recirculated furnace gases with the oxidant into the furnace.

Abstract: Exhaust gases in a passageway from an internal combustion engine arranged for driving a liquid pump are cooled by pumped liquid passing through a line within the exhaust passageway to a liquid output jet. Water inlet to the pump can also pass through a cooling passageway around the combustion chamber of the engine, and the heat transferred from the engine to the liquid warms the liquid for cleaning purposes.

Abstract: An atomizer mechanism includes a pulse-jet engine for atomizing chemicals, an air-fuel mixture supply unit, and an engine starter. The air-fuel mixture supply unit includes a precombustion chamber that communicates with the combustion chamber, a collecting valve, and a carburetor for supplying atomized fuel to the precombustion chamber through the valve. The engine starter includes a compressed air inflow passage for carrying compressed air into the precombustion chamber and toward the valve, without passing through the valve. The engine starter also includes a manual pump which pressurizes fuel and a fuel supply passage. The fuel supply passage is connected to the compressed air inflow passage upstream of the precombustion chamber. The fuel is thereby supplied to the compressed air inflow passage, where it is atomized and directed into the precombusion chamber for ignition to start the engine.

Abstract: A pesticide fogger suitable for use with internal combustion engines has a heat exchanger built into the exhaust. A pesticide line is run along the exhaust, its entry port is at the hottest point of the exhaust, suitably about 3 inches from the inlet end of the exhaust. The line is wound in counter current flow in six coils around the exhaust between the muffler and the entry port. An outer sleeve surrounds heat exchanger, exhaust and entry port to form a sealed chamber. The discharge pipe apertures in the muffler are at least 3/16 inch in diameter. The device is conveniently an exhaust component for attachment to an internal combustion engine, and is suitable for lawn mowers. A hand operated accordion primer pump built into the pesticide container conveniently provides initial positive pressure.

Abstract: A heat exchanger for heating washer fluid supplied to motor vehicle windshield washer nozzles simultaneously with diesel oil supplied to the diesel engine of the vehicle is disclosed. Engine coolant heats a tank containing separate coils through which the washer fluid and diesel oil circulates.

Abstract: Furnace gas is aspirated through furnace gas conduits (44) to the low pressure throats (42) of the Venturi conduits (41) that move high oxygen content gas to the combustion chamber (28) of the aspirating burner (20). Fuel is injected through fuel conduit (46) to the combustion chamber (28) to mix with the gases and form the flame in the combustion chamber which is emitted at high velocity from the burner into the furnace.

Abstract: The invention includes an apparatus for protecting plants from frost. A jet urbine engine has an input into which a first liquid and a second liquid are injected into the exhaust stream of the engine. The jet engine also has an exhaust nozzle supplying an aerosol of the first liquid microencapsulated in the second liquid. The aerosol is dispersed about the plants to be protected from frost thereby to form a mist which acts as a protective radiation barrier for the plants. The invention also includes a method for protecting plants from frost.

Abstract: Spray coating, particularly flat spray coating of circuit boards. Applicant's method of conformal coating, eliminates "railroading" at the edges of the flat spray web and assures precise control of the amount of coating material placed on the circuit board surface.The method includes longitudinally advancing a pressurized coating over a surface to be coated, while simultaneously feeding the coating in a flat spray pattern, and triggering feeding "ON/OFF" so as to proportion the amount of coating being fed onto the surface and to reduce "fishtail" at the edges of the flat spray pattern.

Abstract: This invention is an improvement to a machine for treating cement or other flooring surfaces having a frame, a handle on the frame, an internal combustion engine on the frame and a rotary finishing means on the frame. The improved apparatus has a fluid tank on the handle pressurized by the exhaust system of the engine. Included are pressure connection means to connect a pressure conduit to the tank and to the exhaust system of the engine. There is a pressurization regulation means to control the pressure received by the tank and a control means to control the flow of the pressurized fluid leaving the tank to be distributed upon the flooring surface by at least two nozzles with varying diameter passageways through the nozzles to allow the user to choose the rate of flow of fluids distributed on the surface. Included are an actuation means and a linkage means to assist the operator in the selection of the desired fluid flow.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for heating snow traction-improving material contained in a bin mounted on a motor vehicle, such as a truck. Panels are attached to the side of the bin to form a sealed cavity surrounding the bin. Hot exhaust from the motor vehicle engine is then piped into and flows through the cavity so as to heat the cavity, whereby heat from the cavity warms the contents of the bin. The exhaust then flows out an exit portal from the cavity to permit continued flow-through. Provision is made to form holes in any buttress supports, supporting the bin on the truck, which might obstruct the flow of hot exhause. Finally, a drain is provided, allowing any condensation formed in the cavity to escape.

Abstract: A cleaning system includes a liquid heating system utilizing heat from the cooling air and the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine. A heat pump driven by the engine is utilized to extract heat from the cooling air and impart that heat to a first heat exchanger. A second heat exchanger is associated with the exhaust gases for extracting heat therefrom. Liquid to be heated is conveyed through said first and second heat exchangers.

Abstract: In one embodiment of the present invention, a pulse fog generator powered by a resonant intermittent combustion device having a carburetor and a combustion antechamber, includes a starting air supply system for directing a flow of starting air into the antechamber, comprising an inlet/outlet ball check valve mounted over the discharge opening piston chamber within which a piston head is reciprocated by a connecting rod eccentrically mounted to an electric motor. A priming pump is mounted on the carburetor, and comprises a priming fuel chamber hydraulically communicating with the carburetor and a piston reciprocatable within the priming fuel chamber to draw fuel from a fuel tank into the priming fuel chamber and to discharge the fuel from the priming fuel chamber into the carburetor. In lieu of the reciprocatable piston, a resilient priming bulb and valve assembly can supply the priming fuel to the throat passage of the carburetor in another embodiment.

Abstract: A system for use in providing compressed air for snow making equipment used in conjunction with a liquid cooled air compressor, including a plurality of motor driven fans and a heater coil assembly positioned in a portion of the path of the air moved by each of the fans, the heater coil assembly having a liquid coolant flowing therethrough, an air-to-air heat exchanger positioned adjacent the heater coil assembly and in the air flow paths of the fans, the air-to-air heat exchanger being connected in series with the air compressor and the snow making equipment and serving to reduce the temperature of the compressed air flowing from the compressor to the snow making equipment, actuator controlled louvers positioned above the air-to-air heat exchanger, there being one louver for each fan, a liquid cooling coil assembly supported adjacent the air-to-air heat heat exchanger and in a separate air flow path, a liquid transfer pump for moving cooling liquid from the compressor and a control assembly which may be a ma

Abstract: Apparatus for powder spraying operated with a flame jet having a spray head for feeding the powder carried by a gas into a combustion space, a pipe for supplying a combustible gas to the spray head, a spray head body having rows of bores formed therein for emitting and guiding the combustible gas to the combustion space for forming a flame jet mixture with the powder, a plurality of sideplates and endplates extending over the spray head body on the side facing the combustion space, the combustion space includes teeth of comb-type extensions confining the combustion space, the teeth being fixed in a heat conducting manner to a side member lying perpendicularly to a surface of the spray head.

Abstract: An apparatus, for a motor vehicle having a liquid-cooled engine, for heating windshield washer liquid or the like. The apparatus includes a cylindrical heat-exchanger housing that, via hose connectors that are disposed at both ends of the housing, can be disposed directly in the coolant line between the engine and a radiator, with the interior of the housing, through which the coolant flows, containing a tube coil that is helically wound in the longitudinal direction of the housing. Liquid that is to be heated flows through the tube coil, and the ends of the latter are conveyed out of the housing in a radial direction. The housing is divided, in an axial direction, into two semicylindrical shells which have abutting longitudinal edges that can be sealingly interconnected.

Abstract: A heat exchanger member contoured to fit along one side of an exhaust pipe is retained in place on the exhaust pipe by clamps. In one form of the invention the exhaust pipe forms a part of the heat exchanger reservoir in which case leak preventive adhesive secures the heat exchanger member to the pipe. The heat exchanger member is provided with intake and discharge tubes, the intake tube connected to the pump of an existing windshield washer assembly and discharge tube being connected, through a manifold to the discharge nozzles adjacent to the windshield. In another form of the invention, the discharge from the heat exchanger is directed along a header or manifold of a nozzle assembly adjacent to and for washing the rear window of the automobile. In still another form of the invention, the heat exchanger forms an essentially closed reservoir so that the exhaust pipe does not come in contact with the fluid flowing therethrough.

Abstract: In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a pulse fog generator powered by a resonant intermittent combustion device having a carburetor and a combustion antechamber, includes a starting air supply system for directing a flow of starting air into the antechamber, comprising an inlet/outlet check valve mounted over the discharge opening of a bellows that is reciprocated by a connecting rod eccentrically mounted to an electric motor. A priming pump is mounted on the carburetor, and comprises a priming fuel chamber hydraulically communicating with the carburetor and a piston reciprocatable within the priming fuel chamber to draw fuel from a fuel tank into the priming fuel chamber and to discharge the fuel from the priming fuel chamber into the carburetor.

Abstract: An apparatus for conducting hot gases from an exhaust pipe has an elongated, flexible conduit with an inlet end and an outlet end. An inlet fitting on the inlet end of the conduit is shaped to tightly engage the exhaust pipe. An outlet fitting on the outlet end of the conduit is shaped to direct the hot gases to an object to be heated. The conduit may have a portion comprising a flexible, spirally wound conduit which is flexible when twisted in one direction and locks in a desired position when twisted in a direction opposite the one direction. The inlet fitting may have a seal for fitting exhaust pipes of different sizes. The seal comprises a resilient annular member having a central aperture for receiving the exhaust pipe.

Abstract: The combination machine is used both as a fire extinguisher and an air blower. Primarily, it consists of a back-pack or other type unit having an internal combustion engine powering a blower. It includes one hose coupled to a pivotal exhaust pipe cover and to the air inlet of the blower, and the hose pipes exhaust gas into the blower when such gas is needed to extinguish a fire. A second hose is provided and is coupled to the blower at one end and is secured to a sleeve fastened to an air cooled cone or nozzle which is used to blow air or exhaust gas, whenever needed.

Abstract: A heat exchanger system for utilizing the exhaust gases of an internal combustion engine to heat liquid. A system for heating water to be used in a carpet and furniture cleaning system is disclosed. A pump circulates water from a holding tank through a serial circuit including copper coils wound around primary exhaust pipes from an engine to a primary heat exchanger and a secondary exhaust pipe from the heat exchanger to the remainder of the exhaust system. The circuit includes the primary heat exchanger which comprises concentric copper tubes forming a water jacket therebetween. The exhaust gases enter the inner tube adjacent opposite ends and a deflector plate adjacent each entry causes a helical passage of the exhaust gases from either end along the inner tube in a manner causing maximum turbulence so as to maximize heat transference to the wall of the inner tube and thus the water jacket. The secondary exhaust pipe exits the exhaust gases mid-way between the ends of the heat exchanger.

Abstract: A spray gun includes a material inlet and an air inlet. A reciprocating hydraulic motor is connected to and drives a reciprocating hydraulic pump which pumps material from a material reservoir to the pump outlet. A first air piloted hydraulic valve is connected to the pump outlet and the first valve is connected to and is operable to transmit pumped material to either the material inlet of the gun or to the material reservoir. A second motor is connected to and drives a second hydraulic pump which is connected to and supplies hydraulic fluid from a hydraulic reservoir to the reciprocating hydraulic motor. A second air-piloted hydraulic valve is connected between the second hydraulic pump and reciprocating hydraulic motor and is operable to transmit pumped hydraulic fluid to either the reciprocating hydraulic motor or to the hydraulic fluid reservoir. An air control valve is connected to an air supply and is connected to the first and second valves.

Abstract: A thermal fog generator having an internal combustion engine rotating a blower to discharge a continuous stream of air through a tube into the atmosphere. The hot exhaust gas from the engine is directed to an enclosed muffler and exhaust pipe into the air moving through the tube. A liquid formulation stored in a container is delivered to the muffler. The hot exhaust gas in the muffler atomizes and vaporizes the liquid formulation and carries the atomized and vaporized liquid formulation to the air moving in the tube. The cool air condenses the vaporized liquid formulation to produce a fog. A hand-operated control is used to regulate the supply of engine crankcase gases under pressure derived from the engine crankcase to the container. The control includes a valve unit operable to bypass the crankcase gases under pressure from the engine to the atmosphere and vent the gases under pressure from the container to promptly terminate the flow of liquid formulation to the muffler.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fuel-fired heating element of the tubular kind particularly though not exclusively for use as an immersed heating tube in molten metals, salts or fluidized beds of solid particles for conductive heating or for use in an enclosed or partially enclosed chamber to provide radiant and convective heating.The element includes a tubular housing 1 having one end 2 closed and an opening to provide an outlet 4 for combustion products. A burner assembly 6 is received with an annular clearance 51 within the housing between the outlet 4 and the closed end 2 and is arranged to direct its combustion products as a stream towards the closed end 2.The tube 7 encloses with clearance three axially aligned tubes 60, 61 and 62 whose external and internal diameters decrease sequentially from the burner 6 to the end 2.

Abstract: A hand-held scraping device for de-icing frozen car windows utilizing the exhaust fumes emitted through the car's tail pipe for softening or melting the layer of ice wherein a flexible hose is clamped over the free end of the tail pipe, the exhaust fumes conducted through the flexible hose to a scraper head attached to a handle section of the flexible hose, in which the exhaust fumes distributed through either a number of frontal circular outlets over a flat plastic scraping strip, or through a narrow continuous rectangular outlet behind an inclined front wall equipped with a plastic scraping strip, with optional vertical outlet strips or openings through the bottom wall of either version of the scraper head for additional distribution of the hot gases onto the windshield.

Abstract: In order to permit operation with preheating of the combustion-supporting air to 50 or preferably 65 percent or more of the oven temperature, the air is fed to a ceramic burner tube through an annular nozzle directing it in an annular jet along the interior walls of the burner tube. For a burner of low back pressure having no restriction at the mouth of the ceramic burner tube, the ceramic burner tube fits over the end of the outer member of the annular nozzle and some of the combustion product gas, flowing from the oven into the burner structure for countercurrent of the preheating of the air supply, is sucked into the underpressure zone between the annular air jet and the inner wall of the burner tube through a small annular gap where the burner tube fits on the air-supply nozzle.

Abstract: Disclosed is a pulse-jet engine powered, fog producing device using a carburetor to feed atomized fuel to the engine combustion chamber, the carburetor operation being characterized by a positive pressurization of a diaphragm-walled chamber to open a fuel inlet valve during the engine starting interval, and provision of a positive pressure fuel delivery to the carburetor utilizing the combustion pressure pulses of the engine as the fuel pumping impetus.

Abstract: A mist generator particularly for spraying pesticides on plants includes at least two exhaust nozzles from which generated mist is emitted from the mist generator, the nozzles being jointly fed by a common pulsating combustion chamber and extending in generally opposite directions.

Abstract: The specification describes an arrangement adapted for use in a carpet cleaning system and more particularly, an arrangement in which the heat given off by an internal combustion engine, is used through heat transfer to heat cleaning fluid of the carpet cleaning system. The cleaning fluid is carried in its own conduit so that it is maintained out of contact from the engine itself. The bulk of the heat picked up by the cleaning fluid is through heat transfer at the exhaust of the engine although, a preheat may also be incorporated from heat transfer at the engine's cooling system. Shutdown controls are provided to automatically shut the system down in case of malfunction, to ensure that the system does not overheat.

Abstract: The engine of a mobile power crane-excavator is utilized as a source of heat to soften grease so that it may be applied to the open gears on the machine, even at low ambient temperatures. Heated water from the vehicle engine is caused to flow in heat transfer relationship with cold grease through a multi-conductor hose to provide a pre-heat of the grease. The heated water is caused to heat a metallic nozzle through which the pre-heated grease flows, thus creating a final heating of the grease up to the desired temperature. Air supplied through the nozzle causes the grease to be sprayed onto the gear. The remote supply tank for the grease may also be pre-heated with hot water from the vehicle engine.

Abstract: A heating system is provided, for heating liquid in a truck mounted hot line pavement striping system, including a paint storage tank and spray guns, the heating system including a conduit from the internal combustion engine of the truck leading to a series of smaller conduits passing through the thermal oil bath, as the sole heat source for heating the oil bath, and thereafter being exhausted to the atmosphere, the inner walls of the tubes having sufficient heat exchanging surface, and of sufficient number to conduct sufficient heat from the exhaust gases through the conduit wall to the oil bath to heat the thermal oil, the oil surrounding tubes within the bath, containing the paint to be sprayed "hot" from the paint guns, and a heat by-pass from the engine to by-pass the heat past the heating system.

Abstract: The apparatus provides an internal means for spraying and heating quick drying traffic paint to a minimum temperature of 120.degree. F. utilizing a primary heat collector within which engine liquid is in thermal communication with engine exhaust gases and heated compressed air. Such heated engine liquid is then used as a heat transfer medium to elevate the temperature of quick drying traffic paint within a shell and tube heat exchanger.

Abstract: Liquid spray devices are known in which a liquid is emitted from an orifice in the form of a thin sheet of the liquid which subsequently breaks down to form droplets but normally the spray contains very many droplets of very small size which are subject to drifing in cross winds. In this invention means are provided to subject the spray sheet itself to atmospheric environmental conditions such that the sheet breaks down nearer its point of origin and the tendency is for droplets of greater size to be formed with consequent lower tendency to drift. In carrying out the invention hot gases can be released in the environment of the spray sheet and suitable gases can readily be obtained from combusted gases, possibly from the exhaust of the engine of a tractor towing the device.

Abstract: A device or system for cleaning windshields, headlamp lenses, rear view mirrors, reflector means, or the like of a vehicle. The system is installed in the vehicle, preferably in the engine compartment, and includes a liquid container, a conduit from the container to a steam generator, including a pump and a stop valve downstream of the pump to prevent return flow of liquid from the steam generator to the container. Engine exhaust heat or an electric heater is used for heating the steam generator, and an outlet conduit with nozzles direct steam from the generator to the vehicle parts to be cleaned. The system has a shunt conduit from the liquid supply bypassing the steam generator and connected to the outlet conduit downstream of the steam generator and steam from the generator mixes with the liquid from the shunt conduit and the mixture advances and flows out to the vehicle part or parts to be cleaned.

Abstract: A composition for dispensing toxic agents, such as an insecticide, comprises an internal combustion engine fuel containing a minor amount of an insecticide which is refractory to the fuel combustion conditions of the engine and soluble in the fuel. The proportion of insecticide in the mixture is low enough to enable operation of the engine to power a vehicle such as a lawn mower and high enough to be effective in the engine exhaust against target pests. In use, a gasoline fuel containing up to 10% by weight of malathion is employed to operate an internal combustion engine powering an implement such as a lawn mower and the insecticide is dispensed via the engine exhaust over the ground traversed by the implement.

Abstract: An improvement in the implementation and employment of thermal-aerosol fog and/or smoke generating devices is disclosed wherein a pressurized source of an atomizable and/or vaporizable liquid is supplied in a visually monitorable and controllable or adjustable manner to an improved exhaust gas manifold wherein the liquid is mixed with and atomized and/or vaporized by the hot exhaust gases and thereafter supplied to a blower outlet area for dispersion. The thermal-aerosol generator allows the quick replacement of the pressurized liquid source when a liquid-gas interface is first observed, wherein the new pressurized liquid source may be clamped to the generator and flow therefrom commenced prior to the remaining liquid from the previous container having been exhausted, thereby providing a substantially continuous controllable fog and/or smoke flow despite replacement of the liquid source.

Abstract: A smoke generator having an air-powder mixing container with vacuum line achment to a mechanical smoke dispersing apparatus. The container has funnel shaped side walls to direct powder to a reduced container bottom. A pressurized input line extends to a point on the container bottom as does a vacuum powder outlet line. The powder outlet line is connected to a venturi mounted to the exhaust port of a small turbine engine. This draws the air-powder mixture from the container directly into the turbine exhaust and into the atmosphere.