Abstract: The specification discloses apparatus for fragmenting fluid fuels into submicron size constituents of substantially uniform size for improved combustion and blue flame burning. In an improved nozzle (10), fluid fuel at constant pressure is introduced tangentially into a frustroconical swirl chamber (20) whereby vortical flow of the fluid is induced. A frequency multiplier and amplitude amplifier (30) for generating an ultrasonic field of constant high frequency is disposed downstream of the swirl chamber (20) in coaxial alignment therewith. The frequency multiplier and amplitude amplifier (30) includes a generally cylindrical compression chamber (32), open at the upstream end to receive the vortical flow and substantially closed at the downstream end.

Abstract: A spray nozzle comprises, in a housing, a hollow nozzle interior comprising a discharge chamber containing a nozzle outlet and, as a first stage of turbulence, an annular chamber coaxially about the central axis of the nozzle outlet, and feed channels which lead from the annular chamber at least approximately tangentially to the periphery of the discharge chamber, and supply duct means for feeding liquid to the first stage of turbulence comprising feed channels feeding liquid tangentially. The hollow nozzle interior further comprises at least one additional stage of turbulence, and between two successive stages of turbulence, at least one obstacle breaking up the liquid flowing from the upstream to the downstream stage of turbulence and deflecting the liquid out of the flow plane through the annular chamber towards the side of the nozzle outlet by an angle of maximally 90.degree..

Abstract: A process and apparatus for use in atomizing a combustible material into a form for improved combustion comprising (i) an atomization zone, (ii) an ante-chamber connecting with the atomization zone, (iii) at least two feed inlets to the ante-chamber at least one being for said combustible material and at least one other for an auxiliry atomizing gas, and (iv) means (e.g. a mixing vane) at or in the immediate vicinity of the exit of the atomization zone for modifying the profile of atomized material exiting from the zone; and in which apparatus the atomization zone is of generally cylindrical cross-section and is provided internally with means which are adapted to impart to the streams of the combustible material and atomizing gas passing therethrough multiple shearing action and changes of rotational direction. Substantially no atomization of the fuel by the auxiliary gas occurs prior to entry into the atomization zone.

Abstract: In a jet torch of the type in which a venturi yields a high-velocity stream of air entrained with combustible gas released from a pressurized tank, the stream gases are mixed for reliable and efficient burning, while at the same time sidewall cooling and flashback-suppression are promoted, by thin crossed vanes edge-locked within the flame tube and bent without twist to deflect the stream gases about the cylindrical interior of the flame tube for resulting swirling motion.

Abstract: This invention is directed to a gaseous fuel containing water produced by a process, wherein a mixture gas of water, fuel and air is swirled with intense friction between them, contacted with metallic elements to receive thermoelectrons and activated at a temperature about 100.degree.-600.degree. C., as well as a process and apparatus for producing said fuel. When the gaseous fuel containing water by this invention is burned, the calorific value is greater than that of pure fuel combustion and the discharge of NO.sub.x and CO from the exhaust gas is small.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for the atomization of a combustible material comprises feeding at least one stream of the combustible material and at least one stream of an auxiliary gas, under pressure, through an elongated zone in which atomization of the combustible material is achieved by expansion of the auxiliary gas while causing the said streams frequently to split into partial streams, recombine, and changing their rotational flow pattern throughout substantially the whole length of the zone; and adjusting the feed of the said auxiliary gas and combustible material into the atomization zone such that the atomized product from the zone is one in which the auxiliary gas occupies an appreciably greater volume than that occupied by the combustible material. At the zone outlet is provided a nozzle for constraining the atomized combustible material in a desired predetermined profile. There is substantially no atomization of the fuel by the auxiliary gas prior to entry into the atomization zone.

Abstract: A spray head for the nebulization of fluid under pressure having a swirl chamber with a discharge orifice and a pair of passages operative to conduct fluid to said chamber, the chamber including two wall portions symetrically interposed between the passages and the discharge orifice, the configuration and disposition of said wall wall portions cooperatively to produce a swirling of fluid about the discharge orifice and effect nebulization of discharging fluid over a wide range of fluid pressures.