Abstract: A device for supplying fuel at high pressure to an internal combustion engine, having a pistonlike element which is disposed longitudinally displaceably in a bore of a component. The pistonlike element is guided with a sealing portion in a guide portion of the bore, and the guide portion discharges at one end into a pressure chamber that can be filled with fuel at high pressure and at the other end into a leak fuel chamber. At least one channellike recess is embodied on the sealing portion of the pistonlike element, or the guide portion and this recess communicates hydraulically with the pressure chamber and is sealed off from the leak fuel chamber, except for the annular gap formed between the pistonlike element and the inner wall of the guide portion, and as a result the pistonlike element is hydraulically centered in the bore.

Abstract: The invention relates to an injection valve (1) comprising a booster piston (23), said piston delimiting a pump chamber (22) and a booster chamber (29). A valve (14) is provided in the inlet to the chamber (22). The valve is configured as a 3/2-way valve and controls the pressure in the pump chamber (22). The pressure in the pump chamber (22) is converted into a correspondingly increased pressure in the booster chamber (29) and in an injection chamber (34) containing an injection needle (6), by means of the booster piston (23). The use of the valve (14) allows a precise control of the injection times.

Abstract: A fuel injection nozzle is proposed, in which an inner nozzle needle and an outer nozzle needle can be actuated independently of one another. Upon opening of the outer nozzle needle, a stream of fuel is injected into the combustion chamber in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the fuel injection nozzle, while upon opening of the inner nozzle needle, the fuel is injected laterally into the combustion chamber.

Abstract: For each cylinder of the internal combustion engine, the fuel injection system has one high-pressure fuel pump with a pump work chamber and one fuel injection valve communicating with the pump work chamber. A control valve actuated by means of a piezoelectric actuator control connection of the pump work chamber with a relief region. The fuel injection valve has a first injection valve member, by which at least one first injection opening is controlled and which is movable by the pressure generated in the pump work chamber in an opening direction, counter to a closing force.

Abstract: A fuel injector (10; 100) comprises an inlet (60) from which fuel can be transferred into a cavity (61) of the injector, at least one outlet orifice (86) communicating with said cavity (61), and ejecting means (44, 88) operable to apply force to fuel in said cavity to cause said fuel to be ejected through said orifice as discreet charges at pre-determined intervals. The operation of said ejecting means (44, 88) is also operable to transfer further fuel into said cavity (61).

Abstract: An injection nozzle has a nozzle body, a nozzle needle that is supported displaceably in the nozzle body, a control chamber that communicates with a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet, and a valve element that can open and close the fluid outlet. The control chamber is laterally defined by a displaceable ring which rests on the nozzle needle, and a closing spring presses the ring against the nozzle needle in fluid-tight fashion.

Abstract: A fuel injector includes a homogenous charge nozzle outlet set and a conventional nozzle outlet set controlled respectively by inner and outer needle value members. The homogenous charged nozzle outlet set is defined by an outer needle value member that is moveably positioned in an injector body, which defines the conventional nozzle outlet set. The inner needle valve member is positioned in the outer needle valve member. The outer needle valve member is a piece component that includes at least one external guide surface, an external value surface and an internal valve seat.

Abstract: A fuel injector including a piezoelectric actuator directly attached to a metering rod wherein when the actuator is distorted in proportion to an input voltage, the metering rod moves to vary the size of a discharge spray orifice. The input voltage, and therefore the distortion of the actuator, may be varied in accordance with the readings from a throttle position sensor or an oxygen sensor, for example. A dual actuator type of fuel injector is also provided which has an injector body in engagement with the combustion chamber and a fuel chamber therein to receive low pressure fuel. A piezoelectric actuator moves a piston to close the fuel chamber inlet and pressurize the fuel therein. A second piezoelectric actuator moves the metering rod to open the discharge orifice. The amount of distortion of the respective actuators effects proportional movement of the piston or the metering rod.

Abstract: An injector for controlling fluids has a piezoelectric actuator and a hydraulic pressure intensifier. The hydraulic pressure intensifier is composed of a first piston, a second piston and a pressure chamber filled with fluid and situated between the two pistons. In addition, a control valve and a priming device are provided to replace the fluid loss in the pressure chamber caused by leakage. The priming device has a priming chamber filled with fluid, and leakage losses in the pressure chamber are replaced by fluid from the priming chamber during a return movement of the hydraulic pressure intensifier as a result of a displacement effect in the priming chamber created directly or indirectly by the first piston.

Abstract: Engineers have determined that the performance of fuel injectors, including those used in common rail fuel injection systems, can be increased, and undesirable emissions reduced, by controlling the mass flow rate of fuel injected into a combustion chamber during an injection event. While a number of fuel injectors have been developed that have limited rate shaping capabilities, the ability to produce some front end rate shapes has not been possible. In an effort to increase rate shaping capabilities, the present invention includes a valve assembly having at least one valve member that is movable between a plurality of positions to control fluid communication between a number of fluid inlets and outlets.

Abstract: A fuel injector preferably has a body, a closure member, a piezoelectric device, and a hydraulic thermal compensator. The body extends along an axis. The closure member is displaceable with respect to the body between a first configuration and a second configuration. The first configuration prevents fuel flow through the body, and the second configuration permits fuel flow through the body. The piezoelectric device displaces the closure member from the first configuration to the second configuration. The compensator is coupled with the piezoelectric device and includes a first tube, a second tube, a piston, and fluid. The first tube extends along the axis from a first end portion that occludes the first tube. The first end portion contiguously engages a first one of the body, the closure member, and the piezoelectric device. The second tube is telescopically received in the first tube.

Abstract: An injection nozzle of a stroke-controlled fuel injection device has a control chamber for triggering a nozzle needle and also has a nozzle chamber connectable to a pressure booster. The communication between a differential chamber of the pressure booster and a leakage line and the communication between a control chamber and a leakage line are controllable with the aid of a common valve.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve has a valve body and a valve member axially movable within the valve body. The opening stroke of the valve member is limited by a stroke stop face provided on a control piston which surrounds the valve member. A control chamber, which may be filled with fuel, is located at one end of the control piston. At a certain pressure in the control chamber, the control piston moves from a first to a second stroke position to limit the opening stroke motion of the valve member. Part of the control piston is embodied as a piezoelectric actuator which, when supplied with electric current, changes its axial length to further vary the stroke of the valve member.

Abstract: A high pressure fuel supply apparatus 6 having: a plunger 161 reciprocating and sliding in a sleeve 160 of a high pressure fuel pump 16 so as to form a fuel pressurizing chamber 163 between the plunger 161 and the sleeve 160 to thereby discharge pressurized fuel; a tappet 164 reciprocated while abutting against the plunger 161; and a cam 100 abutting against the tappet 164 so as to reciprocate the tappet 164 and the plunger 161; wherein the tappet 164 has a recess portion 164a formed near a central portion of an abutment surface of the tappet 164 against the plunger 161.

Abstract: The fuel injection device has a fuel pump, which has a pump piston that is driven by an engine and delimits a pump working chamber, which is supplied with fuel from a fuel tank and is connected to a fuel injection valve, which has an injection valve member that controls at least one injection opening and can be moved by the pressure generated in the pump working chamber in an opening direction counter to a closing force. A first control valve controls a connection of the pump working chamber to a discharge chamber, and a second control valve controls the pressure prevailing in a control pressure chamber of the fuel injection valve. The connection of the pump working chamber further contains a pressure-holding valve, which maintains a pressure that is higher than the pressure prevailing in the discharge chamber.

Abstract: A closed needle injector assembly is provided which effectively permits low fueling quantity control in short duration injections and pilot quantity control in longer duration events without compromising energy efficiency, maximum fuel delivery rates nor requiring increased operating pressures. The closed needle injector assembly includes first and second needle valve elements and a throttle passage formed in the second needle valve element to restrict fuel flow through an injector orifice. The second needle valve element is telescopingly received within the first needle valve element. Respective control volumes and one or more injection control valves are used to control the movement of the needle valve elements. Operation of the assembly results in movement of the first needle valve element to an open position for throttling fuel flow through the throttle passage followed by subsequent lifting of the second needle valve element for longer duration injections.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fuel injector which includes a hydraulic booster which can be made to communicate on the high-pressure side with an inlet from a high-pressure source. Between a high-pressure side and a system pressure side, there is a throttle restriction. A throttle element that can be acted upon by pressure from the high-pressure side and that is associated with an outflow opening is received movably in a hollow chamber of the injector body and closes a sealing gap that lengthens a sealing length.

Abstract: A fuel injector performs main fuel injection by raising fuel pressure in a nozzle chamber to lift a check valve member to a fully open position, and performs preinjection or microinjection by operating a solid state motor to lower a check stop so that when fuel pressure in the nozzle chamber is raised the check valve member is limited to lift a much smaller distance.

Abstract: An improved closed nozzle injector assembly for injecting high pressure fuel into the combustion chamber of an engine is provided which includes a first needle valve element associated with a first set of injector orifices, a first needle valve control device for controlling the opening and closing of the first needle valve, a second needle valve associated with a second set of injector orifices and a second needle valve control device for controlling the opening and closing of the second needle valve. Each needle valve control device includes a control volume positioned at one end of the respective needle valve, a control volume charge circuit for supplying high pressure fuel to the respective control volume and the respective injection control valve for controlling the flow of high pressure fuel from the respective control volume to a low pressure drain thereby controlling the movement of the respective needle valve.

Abstract: A closed needle injector assembly and method are provided which effectively extending injection duration and improving fueling accuracy at part load conditions, providing a low quantity detached pilot injection at all operating conditions and controlling the duration of, and dwell time between, the pilot injection and one or more higher flow rate primary injections independent of fuel injection pressure. The closed needle injector assembly includes first and second needle valve elements, respective control volumes and a single injection control valve to control the movement of the needle valve elements. A sequencing device is mounted on the injector to permit movement of only the inner needle valve element to define a low fuel injection rate event and permit selectively, controlled movement of both the inner and outer needle valve elements to open positions to define a subsequent primary fuel injection event.

Abstract: A fuel injector, especially an injection valve for fuel injection systems of internal combustion engines, has a valve-closure member, which can be actuated by an actuator, via a valve needle, and interacts with a valve-seat surface to form a sealing seat. In this context, a valve-needle axis of the valve needle forms a preselectable tilt angle with an axis of the actuator.

Abstract: A fuel injection valve for internal combustion engines, having a valve body that has a guide bore, in which a valve member is axially displaceably guided for controlling an injection cross section, and that is braced with its end face remote from the combustion chamber axially against a valve holding body via an intermediate disk, and a pressure chamber, formed by a cross-sectional enlargement of the guide bore, is provided in the valve body and can be filled with high fuel pressure via a pressure conduit that penetrates the valve body, the intermediate disk, and the valve holding body. The portion of the pressure conduit extending within the valve body is embodied as an oblique bore, which has an angle of inclination of between 15 and 35° to the longitudinal axis of the fuel injection valve.

Abstract: A high pressure gaseous fuel injector for injecting natural gas or other gaseous fuels at high pressures (eg. 300 to 700 psig more or less) into combustion engines for improved efficiency, better performance and reduced environmental emissions. The fuel injector is powered by hydraulic signals from an electrohydraulic valve. The fuel injector includes an outer cartridge housing and a universal valve cartridge mounted therein. The cartridge comprises an activator body and a valve body secured together, and the valve body has a gas valve slidable therein. The stroke of the valve is adjustable by controlling the size of shims in the valve body assembly, thereby providing a universal valve cartridge that can be easily adapted to differing fueling requirements for models and sizes of engines. The valve body includes a spring chamber between upper and lower valve guides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to fuel injectors having the ability to inject fuel at multiple pressures during an injection event. Traditional fuel injectors used in common rail fuel injection systems and unit pump fuel injection systems typically did not have the ability to inject fuel at multiple pressures during an injection event. However, engineers have learned that increased control over an injection event can lead to improved emissions by the fuel injectors. Therefore, the present invention utilizes an electronically controlled valve member that can direct. the flow of fuel through a fuel injector during an injection event between a relatively restricted passageway and a relatively unrestricted passageway. The present invention finds particular application in both common rail fuel injection systems and electronic unit pump fuel injection systems used in diesel engines.

Abstract: A fuel injector comprises a first needle, and a second needle slidably within a passage formed in the first needle. The needles are engageable with respective seatings to control fuel delivery through respective groups of outlet openings. Load transmitting means are provided whereby movement of the first needle can be transmitted to the second needle. Also described is an injector in which a second needle is provided with formations defining an integral resilient biasing arrangement.

Abstract: A control unit for controlling a pressure buildup by a pump unit in a fuel injection system. The control unit has a control valve and a valve actuation unit connected to the control valve. The control valve is embodied as an inlet valve that opens inward in the flow direction. The control unit has a valve body that is supported so that the valve body moves axially in a housing of the control unit and rests against a valve seat of the control valve from the inside when the control valve is closed. In order to give the through flow curve of the control valve as flat a course as possible with small strokes (Ssmall) of the control valve. The control unit includes a throttle device that throttles the flow through the control valve when the control valve is open by a small stroke (Ssmall).

Abstract: A fuel injector includes an injector body that defines a nozzle outlet. A needle valve member is mounted in the injector body and moveable a lift distance between an open position in which the nozzle outlet is open, and a closed position in which the nozzle outlet is blocked. A piezoelectric actuator is mounted in the injector body and is moveable a piezo distance between an off position and an on position. A coupling linkage interconnects the needle valve member to the piezoelectric actuator such that a movement of the piezoelectric actuator is multiplied into a larger movement of the needle valve member.

Abstract: A hydraulically actuated fuel injection system according to the present invention comprises at least one hydraulically actuated fuel injector that includes an injector body that defines a fuel pressurization chamber. A pumping element having a stepped top is movably mounted in a pumping bore defined by the injector body, wherein the pumping element defines at least one internal passageway. The pumping element is movable a distance between a first position and a second position. A spill passage defined by the injector body is open to the fuel pressurization chamber via the at least one internal passageway over a portion of the distance.

Abstract: The present invention provides a wide range injection timing, small dispersion, good response and simple structure.

Abstract: An improved method of actuating an electronic fuel injector is provided using magnetostrictive transduction. A ferro-magnetic rod having giant magnetostrictive properties is operatively coupled with a fuel injector needle valve. Application of a magnetic field to the ferro-magnetic rod generates strain in the rod and corresponding motion in the needle valve, thereby actuating the fuel injector.

Abstract: A fuel injector comprising a nozzle body defining a first bore and an inwardly opening valve member slidable within the first bore, the valve member being engageable with a first seating to control fuel delivery through a first outlet opening provided in the nozzle body. The valve member is provided with a second bore within which an outwardly opening valve needle is slidable, the valve needle being engageable with a second seating to control fuel delivery through a second outlet opening provided in the valve needle. The fuel injector also comprises first and second control chambers for fuel, whereby fuel pressure within the first and second control chambers controls movement of the valve member and the valve needle away from their respective seatings so as to permit fuel delivery through a selected outlet opening.

Abstract: A fuel injector comprises a first needle, and a second needle slidably within a passage formed in the first needle. The needles are engageable with respective seatings to control fuel delivery through respective groups of outlet openings. Load transmitting means are provided whereby movement of the first needle can be transmitted to the second needle. Also described is an injector in which a second needle is provided with formations defining an integral resilient biasing arrangement.

Abstract: The angle of fuel spray at the time of pre-injection is set to a wider angle of spray and the angle of fuel spray at the time of main injection is set to a narrower angle of spray. The pre-injection timing is set so that when fuel spray after the pre-injection is diffused in a cylinder and stratified, the stratified fuel spray is ignited by a rise in the pressure in the cylinder in association with movement of a piston from the bottom dead center to the top dead center. The main injection timing is set so that when the spray stratified by the pre-injection is burned, the fuel spray injected by the main injection passes through the combustion zone while being ignited in the combustion zone, reaches a combustion chamber of the piston, and is burned in the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A fuel injector includes an injector body that defines a nozzle outlet. A needle valve member is mounted in the injector body and moveable a lift distance between an open position in which the nozzle outlet is open, and a closed position in which the nozzle outlet is blocked. A piezoelectric actuator is mounted in the injector body and is moveable a piezo distance between an off position and an on position. A coupling linkage interconnects the needle valve member to the piezoelectric actuator such that a movement of the piezoelectric actuator is multiplied into a larger movement of the needle valve member.

Abstract: A directly actuated injection valve comprises a hollow valve housing, a valve member disposed within the hollow interior, a biasing mechanism, an actuator assembly and a hydraulic link assembly. The valve member is movable between a closed position and an open position for governing the flow of fuel into the combustion chamber of an internal combustion engine. The biasing mechanism, preferably a spring, biases the valve member in the closed position. The actuator assembly generates an opening force that acts against the valve spring to open the valve. The hydraulic link assembly is interposed between the valve member and the valve spring and the actuator assembly. The hydraulic link assembly transmits respective closing and opening forces to the valve member. The hydraulic link preferably comprises a piston disposed within a cylinder that is filled with a hydraulic fluid.

Abstract: The angle of fuel spray at the time of pre-injection is set to a wider angle of spray and the angle of fuel spray at the time of main injection is set to a narrower angle of spray. The pre-injection timing is set so that when fuel spray after the pre-injection is diffused in a cylinder and stratified, the stratified fuel spray is ignited by a rise in the pressure in the cylinder in association with movement of a piston from the bottom dead center to the top dead center. The main injection timing is set so that when the spray stratified by the pre-injection is burned, the fuel spray injected by the main injection passes through the combustion zone while being ignited in the combustion zone, reaches a combustion chamber of the piston, and is burned in the combustion chamber.

Abstract: A fuel injector having a nozzle body defining a bore, an outwardly opening valve member slidable within the bore, the valve member defining a blind bore within which an inwardly opening valve needle is slidable, the valve needle being engageable with a seating to control fuel flow towards a first outlet opening provided in the valve member, and a second outlet opening provided in the valve member, the second outlet opening being in constant communication with a part of the blind bore upstream of the seating and being located such that, in a closed position of the valve member, the second outlet opening is closed by the nozzle body, outward movement of the valve member to an open position permitting fuel delivery through the second outlet opening.

Abstract: An injection valve member for the closing and opening of injection orifices of a valve seat element is installed longitudinally adjustably in a central housing bore of a fuel injection valve. The opening and closing movement sequence of the injection valve member is controlled by a control device. A control piston operatively connected to the injection valve member is loaded, on the one hand, by the fuel system pressure prevailing in a high-pressure zone and, on the other hand, by the fuel control pressure in a control space. The high-pressure zone includes the central housing bore which is closed off sealingly by a control body fixed to the housing. The control space is arranged between the control body and a piston end face and is at least temporarily delimited radially by a control sleeve which is moveable transversely to the longitudinal axis of the housing.

Abstract: A fuel injector includes a first needle, and a second needle slidable within a passage formed in the first needle. The needles are engageable with respective seatings to control fuel delivery through respective groups of outlet openings. A load transmitter is provided whereby movement of the first needle can be transmitted to the second needle. An alternative injector includes a second needle provided with formations defining an integral resilient biasing arrangement.

Abstract: A fuel injector comprising a nozzle body provided with a first bore and defining a first seating, a valve member engageable with the first seating to control fuel flow from the first bore towards an outlet opening located downstream of the first seating, the valve member being provided with a second bore defining a second seating. A valve needle is slidable within the second bore and is engageable with the second seating to control fuel flow from the second bore towards a second outlet opening provided in the valve member. The fuel injector also includes a transmission arrangement whereby movement of the valve needle beyond a predetermined position is transmitted to the valve member.

Abstract: A fuel injection device for internal combustion engines which under the control of a control unit supplies fuel injection valves with fuel from a high-pressure fuel source. The fuel injection valve has an injection valve member, whose opening and closing position is determined by a pressure acting upon the injection valve member set in a control chamber. To perform an injection, the pressure in the control chamber must be relieved, which is accomplished with a control valve that opens two different outflow cross sections of an outflow conduit of the control chamber in succession. It is thus possible to accomplish an adapted opening of a fuel injection valve member for a preinjection and a main injection.