Abstract: A drip irrigation hose includes a plurality of emitter elements secured to a tube at longitudinally-spaced locations to define, with an inner surface of the tube, a plurality of labyrinths each having an inlet in communication with the interior of the tube, and an outlet in communication with a tube outlet for discharging water from the tube outlet at a slow rate. The labyrinths are defined by a continuous strip of a relatively inelastic material bonded to the inner surface of the tube, and a formation of a relatively elastic material shaped to define at least the tips of a group of teeth for each of the emitter elements producing, with the inner surface of the tube a turbulent flow passageway at each of the longitudinally spaced locations along the length of the tube.

Abstract: A water sprayer with a water spraying adjustment mechanism including a body and a rotatable cap is disclosed. The body includes an outer tubular wall with a threaded outer surface forming a central axial bore extrusion defining an inner chamber, an inner tubular wall within the inner chamber coaxially distributed with the outer tubular wall and constructed with a plurality of slotted grooves defining a plurality of grooved water runners, and an inlet portion being adapted to connect a source of pressurized water. The rotatable cap includes an inner tubular wall with an inner surface blocked around the grooved water runners, an outer tubular wall threaded on the outer tubular wall of the body for sealing the annular inner chamber, and a plurality of water outlets formed on the outer tubular wall of the rotatable cap and communicating with the grooved water runners for water spraying.

Abstract: A mister nozzle apparatus has a check valve incorporated therein to shut off the water passing through the misting nozzle to prevent draining of the water from the misting water supply pipes. The check valve has a resilient membrane valve element which opens and closes responsive to water pressure to block or open the nozzle inlet. The check valve is vented to atmosphere through a vent located in the housing between the resilient membrane and the nozzle misting outlet.

Abstract: A drip irrigation tube having a plurality of sequentially placed emitters formed on an interior wall of the tube. Each emitter employs a series of parallel flowpaths axially positioned along the tube to provide for closer proximity of inlet ports to discharge chambers thereby providing for closer spacing of the emitters. Overlapping of the inlet portion of the sequentially positioned emitters with the outlet portion of any preceding emitter provides for even more compact positioning of the emitters along the tube.

Abstract: A filtering system for filtering particles from a flow of fluid is disclosed, and includes a filter device for removably positioning in a lumen of a pipe carrying the flow of fluid. The filter device has an upstream side for positioning in an upstream direction of fluid flow and a downstream side for positioning in a downstream direction of fluid flow. The filter device comprises a perimeter rim extending along the perimeter edge of the filter device and defining an opening, and a plurality of filter bars extending across the opening to form a plurality of slots therebetween. Each of the filter bars of the plurality of filter bars has a transverse cross sectional shape. The transverse cross sectional shape has a transverse width toward the upstream side of the filter device that is relatively wider than the transverse width toward the downstream side of the filter device.

Abstract: A soaker/sprinkler hose having a cylindrical cross section with radial discharge orifices circumferentially spaced about the entire perimeter of the conduit along the length thereof for simultaneously directing liquid flow streams downwardly into the ground on one side of the conduit for soaking the ground and upwardly into the air for watering the ground in sprinkling fashion. The hose is formed with a plurality of axially aligned rows of discharge orifices, at circumferentially spaced intervals about the conduit, and is cured in a retractable coiled condition which facilitates random direction of the discharging liquid streams when the hose is extended and which facilitates handling and storage of the hose. A method of making the coiled soaker/sprinkler hose also is disclosed.

Abstract: A sprinkler to sprinkle water running in a pipeline over both its sides through sprinkler heads mounted on the pipeline, wherein (i) the pipeline comprises first water pipes and second water pipes connected to each other alternately so as to be freely disconnectable and reconnectable, (ii) both end portions of each first water pipe are formed so as to have outer diameter which is equal to the inner diameter of the second water pipes, (iii) a plurality of first engaging protrusions are formed on the periphery of one end portion of each first water pipe, at regular angular intervals around the longitudinal center axis of said first water pipe, and (iv) a plurality of second engaging protrusions are formed at one end of each second water pipe so as to engage with the first engaging protrusions of the first water pipe when the end portion with first engaging protrusions of a first water pipe is inserted into the end with second engaging protrusions of said second water pipe.

Abstract: A drip irrigation hose formed with a plurality of outlets for discharging the water at longitudinally-spaced locations along the length of the hose includes a plurality of emitter elements secured to the hose at longitudinally-spaced locations along its length to define a plurality of turbulent flow passageways each in communication with the interior of the hose for discharging water from a hose outlet at a slow rate. Each of the turbulent flow passageways is defined by a relatively elastic first material co-extruded with a relatively inelastic second material both bonded to the hose with the relatively elastic material being pressure-deformable, as compared to the relatively inelastic material, to change the turbulent flow passageway of each emitter element in response to the pressure of the water in the hose at the respective emitter element.

Abstract: A system for automating the growing of crops, such as grapevines. Combinations of data from sensors local to a vineyard, and from optional remote stations and sensors, is combined with a control system to accurately control the dispensing of water and chemicals such as insecticides, disease prevention fungicides and fertilizers. The materials are dispensed through a multiple channel conduit which allows conflicting, or incompatible, types of materials to be transported through a common assembly. Sensors are attached to the conduit so that the placement of sensors can occur simultaneously with the laying of the conduit. This approach also ensures correct placement and spacing of the sensors with respect to each plant, or plant area, to be monitored and treated.

Abstract: A self-discharging drip irrigation system includes at least an elongated drip irrigation hose for operatively extending from a water supply, an emitter for directing water from the drip irrigation hose to a cultivating area, wherein the emitter comprises a flow regulating passage, wherein the flow regulating passage has at least an inlet section operatively connected to the irrigation hose, at least an outlet section for dripping the water to the cultivating area and a laminar flow region between the inlet section and the outlet section. The emitter further may comprises at least a venturi accelerator mounted on the inlet section. Whereby according to the “Bernoulli's Theorem” due to the land slop between the water supply and the cultivating area, which creates a gravity potential water is flowed from the water supply through the drip irrigation hose through the emitter and dripping to the cultivating area.

Abstract: In accordance with an embodiment of the invention, an inline fluid distribution emitter includes a hollow cylindrical body with a flow-rate control path formed on the cylindrical body. The flow-rate control path extends over an axial length of the cylindrical body and at least seventy percent of the circumference the surface of the cylindrical body.

Abstract: A building perimeter fire suppressing system for preventing brush and forest fires from engulfing building structure. The building perimeter fire suppressing system includes a water source; and also includes a plurality of pipelines having a plurality of water outlets being spaced therealong and being connected to the water source and being adapted to be disposed underground and on exteriors of building structures; and further includes valve assemblies being attached to the pipelines with each of the valve assemblies including a housing having a respective pipeline being disposed therethrough with a valve member being removably disposed inline of a respective pipeline; and also includes valve actuators being connected to the valve assemblies.

Abstract: A pressure compensated drip irrigation hose (20) includes a hose having a wall (21) with an inner surface (21a). A continuous elastomeric strip member (30) is connected to the inner surface (21a). The continuous elastomeric strip member (30) and inner surface (21a) form a plurality of emitters. The emitters have an inlet section (40), a pressure reducing section (60) which is downstream from the inlet section (40). A pressure responsive section (70) is downstream from the pressure reducing section (60) and the outlet section (80) is downstream from the pressure responsive section (70). The continuous elastomeric strip member (30) is constructed from a material softer than the wall (21).

Abstract: A humidifier for providing moisture to an airstream comprises a pipe having a first end for connecting to a source of steam and a closed second end; first and second slots disposed opposite each other and longitudinally along a major portion of the length of the pipe; and a plurality of members sandwiched within the first and second slots, the members being disposed toward the interior of the pipe to guide condensate into the interior of the pipe.

Abstract: A humidifier for providing moisture to an airstream comprises a pipe having a first end for connecting to a source of steam and a closed second end; first and second slots disposed opposite each other and longitudinally along a major portion of the length of the pipe; and a plurality of members sandwiched within the first and second slots, the members being disposed toward the interior of the pipe to guide condensate into the interior of the pipe.

Abstract: An irrigation system for selectively providing water to various plants in a relative same area with different rates of application of water. The system has a first valve for connecting a water supply with a tube in a edging. The edging has vertical web with a flange for locating the tube in a fixed position within the area with respect to various plants. A plurality of second control valves are located on the tube in a plane tangent to the web such that a first end cap on each of the control valves is below an apex of the tube. Each second valve is characterized by a body having a first projection that extends into the tube. The body has a stepped axial bore that extends into the first projection to meet a cross bore for communicating water presented to the tube into the stepped axial bore. The stepped axial bore is connected to an outlet port in a first end cap by an internal port.

Abstract: A pressure compensated drip irrigation hose (20) includes a hose having a wall (21) with an inner surface (21a). A continuous elastomeric strip member (30) is connected to the inner surface (21a). The continuous elastomeric strip member (30) and inner surface (21a) form a plurality of emitters. The emitters have an inlet section (40), a pressure reducing section (60) which is downstream from the inlet section (40). A pressure responsive section (70) is downstream from the pressure reducing section (60) and the outlet section (80) is downstream from the pressure responsive section (70). The continuous elastomeric strip member (30) is constructed from a material softer than the wall (21).

Abstract: An irrigation apparatus comprises an in-line dripper insert having a support for attaching a micro tube to the dripper outlet. A fluid conduit in which the insert is placed has an aperture in line with the support. The support preferably comprises a projection for securing a micro tube thereto, a sleeve for securing a micro tube or a connector thereto, or a shoulder for supporting the attachment of a connector to the fluid conduit at the aperture. The dripper insert is secured to the inner surface of the fluid conduit and is contained entirely therein. After detachment of the micro tubes, the main fluid line may be easily reeled or otherwise handled. The internal dripper provides structural internal support to the main fluid conduit when external pressure is applied to the line, such as when a micro tube or a connector is forced against the fluid line to be connected thereto.

Abstract: An emitter (30) has a body section (40) and an outlet chamber member (50). The outlet chamber member (50) has wings (52, 53) that have free ends. The free ends are deformable to form a number of varying sized diameters so that the emitter (30) may be used in various diameter conduits (100). The emitter (30) may also have a deeper well portion for use in attaching a fitting (90) thereto. The emitter (300) has a first chamber (332) and a second chamber (352) which also provide for a deeper portion for use in attachment of a fitting (90) thereon.

Abstract: A drip irrigation hose includes a hose body formed of a single sheet of overlapping material. The hose includes a primary fluid chamber extending longitudinally along the hose formed within the hose body. The hose includes a plurality of secondary fluid chambers serially disposed along the hose. The secondary fluid chambers each include a plurality of inlets formed in the hose body between a first portion and the primary fluid chamber for receiving fluid from the primary fluid chamber. The secondary fluid chambers each includes a second portion including a plurality of embossed regions formed in the hose body, and an outlet formed in the hose body adjacent the second end. Each of the secondary fluid chambers includes a pair of ribs longitudinally disposed along the first and second portions for forming side walls of each of the secondary fluid chambers.

Abstract: A prostrate garden sprinkler base comprises a prostrate main body provided with a hose connector, a spray tube member in communication with the hose connector, and a shield for concealing and protecting the spray tube member. The shield is provided with a plurality of through slots which are arranged in such a pattern that water streams emitted by jet nozzles of the spray tube member are sprayed out via the through slots of the shield for watering a garden, lawn, golf course, and the like.

Abstract: A spot sprinkler with means to clamp on and connect into the side of a soft hose, such as a “soaker” hose. Snap on diverter attachments are capable of generating and directing a spray pattern to plants in any direction from the sprayer connection. The sprayer has a small straight orifice directly accessible for any clean out that may be required. Installation or relocation of the sprinklers is accomplished without use of any tool. Flow ratings for each size of spot sprinkler enable calculation of water directed to individual plantings. By accurate measurable spraying, overall water use can be reduced. The few small, simple parts are inexpensive to produce. A prime objective of this uncomplicated invention is to foster use by the average homeowner.

Abstract: A self-discharging drip irrigation system includes at least an elongated drip irrigation hose for operatively extending from a water supply, an emitter for directing water from the drip irrigation hose to a cultivating area, wherein the emitter comprises a flow regulating passage, wherein the flow regulating passage has at least an inlet section operatively connected to the irrigation hose, at least an outlet section for dripping the water to the cultivating area and a laminar flow region between the inlet section and the outlet section. The emitter further may comprises at least a venturi accelerator mounted on the inlet section. Whereby according to the “Bernoulli's Theorem” due to the land slop between the water supply and the cultivating area, which creates a gravity potential water is flowed from the water supply through the drip irrigation hose through the emitter and dripping to the cultivating area.

Abstract: A humidifier for providing moisture to an airstream within an airduct comprises a base manifold configured for being secured to a side of the airduct, the base manifold including a steam inlet valve and a condensate drain valve; and a distributor pipe secured to the base manifold and configured to extend into the airduct, the distributor pipe being in communication with the base manifold. The distributor pipe includes first and second slots disposed opposite each other and longitudinally along a major portion of the length of the pipe, and the pipe is subject to flexing such that the slots open up in response to the steam being introduced thereinto, thereby to release steam in the airstream.

Abstract: A self-cleaning pressure compensating drip emitter for controlling fluid flow through a hole in an irrigation line includes an enclosing sidewall having two ends, and formed with a ledge between the ends. A cover extends from the sidewall to establish an antechamber between the ledge and the cover. An entrance allows fluid from the irrigation line to enter the antechamber with little pressure reduction. An outlet extends into a fluid chamber established between the ledge and the second end of the sidewall. An opening allows pressure reduced fluid from the irrigation line to enter the fluid chamber. A membrane is positioned on the ledge for movement between a flushing configuration at low line pressures and an operational configuration at higher line pressures. In the flushing configuration, the membrane allows fluid to flow from the antechamber to the fluid chamber and through the outlet for flushing the emitter.

Abstract: Indicia are formed on the outside surface of drip irrigation tape by deforming the strip of flexible material when it is in a semi-molten state and cooling the strip while it is deformed. The indicia may include alphanumeric characters, logos or symbols that convey information. Indicia forming features in the surface of a shaping drum mold the strip of semi-molten material as the semi-molten material cures to form a flexible strip. The flexible strip is folded and sealed to form the drip irrigation tape.

Abstract: An apparatus for introducing liquid and/or inert gas into a liquid extinguishing medium, including an extinguishing line having at least one extinguishing nozzle; an extinguishant supply line, having a non-return valve, which provides extinguishant to the extinguishing line; a supply tube, having a metering valve, which provides liquid and/or inert gas to the extinguishing line; and a perforated distributor body, within the extinguishing line, having at least one hole arranged along the distributor body and between two sequentially extinguishing nozzles.

Abstract: An irrigation apparatus comprises an in-line dripper insert having a support for attaching a micro tube to the dripper outlet. A fluid conduit in which the insert is placed has an aperture in line with the support. The support may comprise a projection for securing a micro tube thereto, a sleeve for securing a micro tube or a connector thereto, or a shoulder for supporting the attachment of a connector to the fluid conduit at the aperture. The dripper insert is secured to the inner surface of the fluid conduit and is contained entirely therein. After detachment of the micro tubes, the main fluid line may be easily reeled or otherwise handled. The internal dripper provides structural internal support to the main fluid conduit when external pressure is applied to the line, such as when a micro tube or a connector is forced against the fluid line to be connected thereto.

Abstract: A irrigation emitter device for delivering water to various points along a length of a hose. The irrigation emitter device includes a primary hose. The primary hose is elongate and has a first end and a second end. Each of a plurality of secondary hoses has a first end and a second end. Each of the first ends of the secondary hoses is fluidly coupled to the primary hose. Each of the secondary hoses is spaced from each other and has a length less than a length of the primary hose. A valve means selectively opens and closes the second end of the primary hose. The valve means is securely attached to the second end of the first hose. The valve means coupled to the second end of the primary hose has a threaded inner surface and defines a female coupler. A male coupling member is securely attached to the first end of the primary hose such that a plurality of primary hoses may selectively be fluidly coupled together.

Abstract: Emitter barb installation tool 20 has driving mechanism 24, emitter barb feeder magazine 26 and pipe support 22. Pipe support 22 holds and supports a pipe 5. Feeder magazine 26 holds and feeds emitter barbs 10. Feeder magazine 26 places one of the emitter barbs 10 into a driving position. Driving mechanism 24 drives the emitter barb 10 from the driving position towards and into the pipe 5 held and supported by the pipe support 22. After the one barb 10 has been driven into the pipe 5, the pipe 5 with installed barb 10 is released from the tool 20. Another emitter barb 10 in the feeder magazine 26 is then automatically located into the driving position for the next installation into a pipe 5. This installation process automatically and continuously repeats for insertion of additional emitter barbs 10. Individual emitter barbs 10 are detachably coupled to one another to form an emitter barb cluster 74.

Abstract: A drip irrigation hose formed with a plurality of outlets for discharging the water at longitudinally-spaced locations along the length of the hose includes a plurality of emitter elements secured to the hose at longitudinally-spaced locations along its length to define a plurality of turbulent flow passageways each in communication with the interior of the hose for discharging water from a hose outlet at a slow rate. Each of the turbulent flow passageways is defined by a relatively elastic first material coextruded with a relatively stiff second material different from the first material, such that the relatively elastic material is pressure-deformable as compared to the relatively stiff material to change the turbulent flow of each emitter element in response to the pressure of the water in the hose at the respective emitter element.

Abstract: A drip irrigation line includes a plurality of emitter units secured within a water supply tube such that each emitter unit defines with the tube a flow-control passageway having an inlet port communicating with the interior of the water supply tube and an outlet port communicating with a water discharge opening in the water supply tube. Each emitter unit includes a one-way valve at one of the ports. Such port has an opening circumscribed by a cylindrical boss, and the one-way valve thereat includes a cap having a skirt of elastomeric material normally engaging the outer surface of the cylindrical boss to block reverse water flow into the flow-control passageway, but is deformable under water pressure to permit forward flow from the tube interior into the flow-control passageway.

Abstract: A can washing apparatus includes a supply line or header connected to a plurality of risers. The risers are formed from a plastic material and are held to the frame of the can washing apparatus by an elongated metal support which is in turn welded to the frame of the can washing apparatus. The metal support absorbs the force of the spray thereby preventing the risers from moving and flexing during use.

Abstract: A drip irrigation emitter includes a body member having an inlet for receiving pressurized water, an outlet, and a connecting passageway having a plurality of baffles spaced from each other in the direction of the water flow from the inlet to the outlet to define a labyrinth flow path cooperable with a deformable membrane which regulates the flow through the labyrinth flow path in response to the inlet pressure. The baffles are formed with notches in the sides thereof facing the membrane such that the membrane is deformed by an increase in the inlet pressure first into engagement with the sides of the baffles facing the membrane, and then into the notches, to regulate the flow to the outlet.

Abstract: A flow regulator for regulating flow of a fluid includes a flow-attenuating labyrinth formed at least in part by a plurality of baffles. At least some of the baffles are implemented as leaf-spring portions, preferably made from metallic material, which are deployed so as to be free to flex in response to variations in a pressure exerted on the leaf-spring portion by the fluid. The leaf-spring portions are configured to cooperate with an adjacent surface to provide multiple-stage pressure-responsive flow regulation.

Abstract: An emitter unit to be integrally bonded to an internal surface of a conduit and comprising an elongated housing, a housing inlet adapted to communicate with an interior of said conduit and a housing outlet adapted to communicate with a conduit outlet. An elongated, flow-restricting flowpath is formed in the housing having a flowpath inlet communicating with the housing inlet and a flowpath outlet communicating with the housing outlet. A resiliently flexible membrane is mounted in the housing which is of closed box-like shape and is constituted by an elongated receiving member and a correspondingly elongated cover member. Projections and recesses are formed along the lengths of elongated rim portions of the members and are directed substantially transversely to longitudinal axes of said members such that projections of one member are adapted to form a close pressure fit within corresponding recesses of the other member.

Abstract: An emitter unit to be integrally bonded to an internal surface of a conduit and comprising an elongated housing, a housing inlet adapted to communicate with an interior of said conduit and a housing outlet adapted to communicate with a conduit outlet. An elongated, flow-restricting flowpath is formed in the housing having a flowpath inlet communicating with the housing inlet and a flowpath outlet communicating with the housing outlet. A resiliently flexible membrane is mounted in the housing which is of closed box-like shape and is constituted by an elongated receiving member and a correspondingly elongated cover member. Projection and recess interengaging means are formed along the lengths of elongated rim portions of the members and are directed substantially transversely to longitudinal axes of said members such that projection means of one member are adapted to form a close pressure fit within corresponding recess means of the other member.

Abstract: An irrigation system is disclosed. The system features a pair of lines placed generally parallel and proximate to each other in the subsurface. Only one of the lines is directly connected to the water source. The other line serves as an auxiliary to permit the system to be flexibly adapted or expanded to meet changing irrigation demands or landscape conditions. The auxiliary line is separated into discrete segments, each segment pertaining to a selected zone or area to be separately irrigated. Feeder lines run from each discrete segment to sprinklers. Water is provided to the segments via valved bridges extending from the main line to the segment, so that water flows to the segments only by way of the bridges, the bridges permitting separate segments to be activated in a planned manner.

Abstract: The invention concerns an elastic hose with a shaped unsymmetrical cross-section for the delivery of liquids or gases through apertures along the hose, the delivery rate being uniform even over long lengths of hose. The hose is optionally housed in an outer tension-proof cover tube with an open cross-section, in particular a tube open along a generatrix, for the reception of additioned liquids or gases.

Abstract: A water-dropping tape for crops includes: a single snaking passage formed in the middle of a water path forming component disposed between the inner and outer end portions of a film-like main wall; a plurality of water entrance portions arranged at predetermined intervals; a water discharge portion disposed in the middle of the snaking passage between the water entrance portions; first and second water inlets formed in the side wall of the water path forming component and the inner end portion of the main wall, and disposed in a region of the water entrance portion; and water outlets formed in the outer end portion of the main wall, and disposed in a region of the water discharge portion.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is constituted by an improved self-compensating dropper, for underground irrigation, which is provided at its out-put mouth (1) with a spherical valve (2), of irreversible unidirectional flow in the out-put direction, though it prevents the entrance to its interior, of earth or gravel which might obstruct it or make it unusable. The sphere (2) is retained by a central stop (6) joined to the body of the dropper by attachment lugs (5), among which there are orifices (4) in the shape of circular crown segments through which the irrigation water may flow.

Abstract: A drip irrigation emitter defining a flow control passageway having an inlet to communicate with a supply of pressurized water, and an outlet to communicate with a water discharge opening, includes an obstruction formation between the flow control passageway outlet and the water discharge opening effective to produce a relatively small obstruction to the flow in the direction from the flow control passageway outlet to the water discharge opening, and a relatively large obstruction to the flow in the reverse direction such as to reduce the possibility of the entry of external solid particles into the emitter via the water discharge opening.

Abstract: A regulated flow-restrictor device particularly useful as a drip irrigation emitter includes an elastomeric element constructed and supported such that it is non-uniformly deformable along its length in response to an increase in fluid pressure to effect a sequential closing of clearances in the flow-reducing passageway.

Abstract: An irrigation hose provides a long life expectancy. The irrigation hose is characterized in that a plurality of flow passages are defined by partitions dividing the inside of the hose which is made of thermoplastic resin; and that each flow passage is provided with irrigation holes formed in a member of the tube portion which is in contact with outside air, that is the outer wall thereof. The irrigation hose can provide different irrigation methods appropriate to the crops or growth stages with just one hose, without exchanging or laying multiple hoses with different irrigation methods. A film 16 is inserted between a film 12 which is made of long thermoplastic resin film with irrigation holes formed throughout at regular pitch and another film 12 which is also made of a long thermoplastic resin film with irrigation holes on both sides.

Abstract: A constant-flow drip irrigation tape hose includes a primary flow path communicating water along the length of the hose. A secondary drip-flow path leads from the primary flow path to an emitter site outwardly of the hose. The hose is formed with a pair of variably spaced apart walls at least one of which is formed with a continuously-open channel defining part of the secondary flow path. A second variable-area part of the secondary flow path is defined by radial spacing of the pair of walls from one another. At least one of the pair of walls is responsive to internal water pressure in the primary flow path to open and close the variable-area part of the secondary flow path in response, respectively, to decreasing and increasing water pressure in the hose. A plurality of emitter sites are spaced regularly along a length of the hose.

Abstract: An atomizing nozzle primarily designed for agricultural spraying has a narrow and controlled droplet size distribution and the ability to shape the spray into a solid cone or fan for evenly applying the spray to the crops. The nozzle is able to operate at low air delivery pressures, in the order of 10 to 30 in. of water column. A central air delivery bore communicates with an air manifold within a boom. Near the exit plane of the throat there is provided an inlet conduit connected to the liquid to be sprayed, the conduit being at right angles to the bore axis. An outlet nozzle from the conduit is positioned on the bore axis and has its exit plane upstream of the exit plane of the bore so that atomization of the liquid will take place within the central bore between the two exit planes. A pair of shaping nozzles are connected to secondary bores that in turn communicate with the manifold.

Abstract: A drip irrigation emitter includes a tube having a plurality of flow control units bonded to its inner face providing a flow control passageway between the interior of the tube and each of a plurality of discharge openings formed through the wall of the tube. Each flow control unit includes a body member bonded to the inner face of the tube, a cover also bonded to the inner face of the tube, and a deformable elastomeric membrane between the body member and cover and defining a pressure-compensated flow control passageway through the flow control unit.

Abstract: A flow control device particularly useful as a drip irrigation emitter includes a housing having a housing including a plurality of inlet openings defining a plurality of filtering inlet passageways to communicate with a pressurized fluid, an outlet opening, and a connecting passageway connecting the inlet openings to the outlet opening, and a pressure-deformable elastomeric membrane having a edge overlying the inlet openings and deformable to change the effective cross-sectional areas thereof in a dynamic manner in response to the pressure of the pressurized fluid.

Abstract: A constant-flow drip irrigation tape hose includes a primary flow path communicating water along the length of the hose. A secondary drip-flow path leads from the primary flow path to an emitter site outwardly of the hose. The hose is formed with a pair of variably spaced apart walls at least one of which is formed with a continuously-open channel defining part of the secondary flow path. A second variable-area part of the secondary flow path is defined by radial spacing of the pair of walls from one another. At least one of the pair of walls is responsive to internal water pressure in the primary flow path to open and close the variable-area part of the secondary flow path in response, respectively, to decreasing and increasing water pressure in the hose. A plurality of emitter sites are spaced regularly along a length of the hose.

Abstract: A generally cylindrical or partially cylindrical body is intimately received in an irrigation pipe and has an outer surface in physical contact with an inner surface of the pipe. A flow-limiting labyrinth is formed by the outer surface of the body in combination with the pipe inner surface. A valve chamber is formed in the body and has four pairs of inlets and outlets forming an inlet retention valve and three labyrinth bypass valves. The first inlet is in fluid communication with the pipe interior and the first outlet is in fluid communication with the labyrinth inlet end. The inlet retention valve includes a first valve seat that surrounds the first inlet. Each bypass valve is connected between a respective section of the labyrinth and an external pipe outlet.