Abstract: A product distributing apparatus is described as well as a system and method of automatically calibrating the meter of the apparatus which does not require the operator to leave the operator station of the towing vehicle. One application of such an apparatus and method is in an agricultural air seeder and it is in this context that the apparatus is described.

Abstract: Scent-dispersing systems include a pulley/line assembly and one or more scent-dispensing elements. The pulley/line assembly includes two or more pulleys that mount to trees or other fixed structures at positions above the ground and a laterally disposed line that is routed around the pulleys. The scent-dispensing elements couple to the lateral line and, upon the lateral line being pulled around the pulleys in one direction or the other, are extended out away from or retracted back toward a base one of the pulleys. Thus, by winding out or retracting the lateral line relative to the base pulley, the scent-dispensing elements can be moved out to desired elevated positions at certain distances away from the base pulley, all without having to walk across the ground out to those positions.

Abstract: A mobile irrigation apparatus includes a frame assembly supporting at least one sprinkler and adapted for movement in a first direction along a path in a field to be irrigated; a docking station suspended from the frame assembly and adapted to engage and open one or more supply valves in a hydrant located in or adjacent the path for movement in a second direction substantially transverse to the first direction, and at least one power actuator arranged to move the docking station in the second direction in response to at least one sensor to thereby facilitate lateral alignment of the docking station with the hydrant.

Abstract: A fluid application apparatus, a spray head system, and a method of applying a fluid to a surface are disclosed. The fluid application apparatus, the spray head system, and the method involve applying a fluid to a surface and adjusting the spray header system between a transport configuration and an application configuration, wherein the adjusting modifies a distance between the spray header system and the surface.

Abstract: A system for glazing a sash is disclosed. The system comprises at least two position assemblies, a back bedding glazing compound applicator assembly, and a stabilizer assembly. The position assemblies each include a position member defining a distal end and a housing. Each position member is selectively slidable between a stored position and an extended position; wherein the distal end of the positioner member is extend outwardly from the housing and contacts a glazing leg of the sash when the positioner member is moved into the extended position.

Abstract: An apparatus (30) for applying matter to a field is disclosed. The apparatus (30) comprises a macerator (54) for macerating the matter, at least one ground-engaging tool (42) for tilling the field, and an outlet (47) from which the macerated matter is able to be extruded into or onto the tilled field.

Abstract: A Telescoping Tripod Sprinkler Cart comprising a tripod junction unit, a plurality of support members, a sprinkler support assembly, and a telescoping assembly. In some preferred embodiments, the Telescoping Tripod Sprinkler Cart may also include a carriage assembly to enable the portability of the Telescoping Tripod Sprinkler Cart.

Abstract: The invention relates to a portable paint spraying device. The device has a paint spraying lance, a base station, and a bundle of hoses.

Abstract: A mobile fogging system and method are disclosed. Specifically, a mobile fogging system comprising a base, a fogging system, and a hitch-receiver. Wherein, said fogging system is capable of spraying a mixture of a chemical and pressurizes air. Said fogging system is attached to said base. Further, said base is attached to a first end of said hitch-receiver, and a second end of said hitch-receiver is attached to a vehicle. Likewise, a mobile fogging method is also disclosed. Said mobile fogging method comprises attaching a fogging system to a base, attaching said base to a hitch-receiver, and attaching said hitch-receiver to a vehicle. Said fogging system is capable of spraying a mixture of a chemical and a compressed air.

Abstract: A shotcrete carrier includes a dry mix hopper, a wet mix shotcrete spraying machine, and a mixing auger for wetting the dry mix as it is conveyed from the dry mix hopper to the shotcrete spraying machine on a common mobile frame. The shotcrete spraying machine comprises an inlet hopper receiving the wet mix shotcrete from the mixing auger, and a rotor with chambers rotatable from a loading position in communication with the inlet hopper and a discharging position in communication with a pneumatic conveying line. The pneumatic conveying line conveys the wet mix shotcrete to a nozzle commonly supported on the mobile frame.

Abstract: A line marker includes a first beam (9) and a second beam (13) pivotally attached to the first beam such that the second beam is pivotable about a pivot point (15, 17) relative to the first beam. A spray nozzle (35) is provided on the second beam (13) so as to mark an arcuate line centered on the pivot point of the second beam. The line marker may be incorporated into a mobile line marking apparatus which includes a wheeled chassis (1) provided with apparatus for marking a substantially straight line.

Abstract: A spraying device for introducing a fluid into the working chamber of a construction machine for processing the ground or road surfaces, comprises two fluid delivery apparatuses, a line system and a control unit. The present invention further relates to a construction machine, especially a recycler, a stabilizer or a cold milling machine, comprising such a spraying device and a method for operating such a spraying device.

Abstract: The present invention provides a versatile agriculture applicator system which enables relatively large agricultural field application systems to both be moved over roadways and to address fields using a wide swath application. The applicator system of the invention includes a unique support carriage arrangement which is supported by orthogonally disposed sets of support wheels including selectively deployable wheels that enable the carriage to move optionally parallel to the length or width of the chassis.

Abstract: De-icer for airplanes, comprising a self-propelled vehicle (3) provided with a lifting device in the form of a first boom (2) pivoting around a base-near pivot (11) and being active in a longitudinal vertical plane forward of the pivot (11). The boom (2) is connected to a spraying platform (10) via a connection mechanism (8) maintaining a horizontal position of the platform floor. A spray gun (12) is mountable on the platform (10) and connected to a tank assembly (6) arranged substantially above and to the rear of the rear wheel axle (7), including deicing and/or anti-icing fluid tanks (6), heating means (4) for the fluids, and corresponding pumps (5) and piping (13) connecting the pumps (5) and the spray gun (12).

Abstract: A nozzle for use with a pressure washer, and the nozzle includes a body portion that defines a longitudinal axis and a head portion coupled to the body portion and in fluid communication with the body portion. The head portion includes a face substantially perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of the body portion. An elongated first slot is disposed upon the face of the head portion, and an elongated second slot is disposed upon the face of the head portion and in a nonparallel orientation with respect to the first slot. A fluid outlet aperture extends through the face and is at least partially located within at least one of the first and second slots to allow a fluid flow from within the body portion to exit the nozzle from the head portion.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to an apparatus for scattering cremated remains. More particularly, the invention relates to an apparatus that is used in conjunction with a vehicle, most commonly an aircraft, that allows for the dispersal of cremated remains of a deceased individual in a safe and clean manner that preserves the dignity of the deceased.

Abstract: A method of cleaning a surface such as a driveway or a vertical wall which includes converting or retro-fitting a zero-turn radius (ZTR) or other type of mower to a cleaning apparatus. The conversion of the mower includes the steps of adding a water supply tank to the deck area of the mower and providing low pressure and high pressure flow lines. The low pressure flow lines are supplied via a low pressure pump. The high pressure flow lines are supplied by a separate high pressure pump unit. Plural solenoid valves are utilized in the method and system to control the flow of a cleaning solution for various method operations.

Abstract: A low cost cotton harvester (10) utilizing a tractor chassis (12) operated in the reverse direction includes a row unit is located forwardly of the drive wheels (20), and a single operator station (36) is situated above the drive wheels (20). A basket (60) is mounted above the engine (22) and the steerable wheels (18). The transmission (26) on the chassis (12) includes a mechanical front wheel drive (MFWD) output (30) located between the drive wheels (20) and the steerable rear wheels (18) which is connected to the row unit drive (50) to synchronize row unit drive speed with tractor drive wheel speed. The harvester fan (62) is connected to the existing power take off (PTO) shaft (32) on the tractor chassis (12) for operation independently of the row unit drive (50). Drop wheel axle structure (90) for the wheels may be used to provide crop clearance and to facilitate use of the chassis as a sprayer when the row unit (46) is removed.

Abstract: The present invention is an insulation system that is installed on a boom pipe and a boom pipe nozzle or a dispersion hose of a concrete pump to prevent concrete from freezing or setting while being poured. The system includes a boom pipe covering with two vinyl canvas exterior sheets with a layer of reflective foil insulation held together with a first hook and loop fastener, a dispersion nozzle covering with two vinyl canvas exterior sheets with a layer of reflective foil insulation held together with a second hook and loop fastener and a dispersion hose covering with two vinyl canvas exterior sheets with a layer of reflective foil insulation with a flexible orifice perimeter to insulate said dispersion hose.

Abstract: An unmanned remotely controlled mobile vehicle mounted water cannon including, ground engaging drive means supporting a body, a nozzle mounted to a mounting arm extending from the forward end of the vehicle, the mounting arm being moveable relative to the body, means carried at the rear of the body for receiving fluid from a fluid supply and a pump to supply fluid through a conduit extending from the rear to the front of the vehicle; a power supply to supply power to the ground engaging drive means and a control means for receiving instructions from a remote controller. The ground engaging means moves the vehicle across a surface and the height of the body above the ground is less than the width and length of the vehicle. The mounting arm controls the direction of the nozzle by moving sections of the mounting arm and directing fluid projected there from, the mounting arm being structured to not rise above the height of the top of the vehicle.

Abstract: A self-propelled agricultural application machine (10) comprising a chassis (100) which carries a storage tank (15) for the material to be applied is provided. The chassis (100) comprises a central longitudinal beam (110) from which at least a pair of wheels (12, 14) are suspended. The narrow chassis (100) allows steerable wheels to be positioned at tolerable track widths whilst permitting a large steering angle and thus small turning radii.

Abstract: An anti-piracy system for a vessel produces a non-lethal all of water along the side of the vessel to wash away a pirate. A cylindrical cap has a top, a bottom edge, a hollow interior, and an outside surface. A slit is defined within the outside surface forming a partial opening within the cap from the interior to the outside surface. A threaded hose fitting is formed within the interior, wherein the cap can be secured to a fire suppression node on the vessel with the downward face positioned over a side of the vessel for forcibly dispersing water through the slit downward over the side of the vessel. The cap is positioned near the deck of the vessel, just over the side of the vessel such that upon activation of the tire suppression system the water is directed downward over the side of the vessel.

Abstract: The mobile vehicle detailing system is a system for detailing a motor vehicle adapted for mounting the rear of a truck or van. The mobile vehicle detailing system has a water storage tank that has outlets for filling buckets and water containers and provides a source of water. A surround box, in which is disposed the water storage tank, has an integral front section that extends between the front seats of a van or truck and provides storage for files and receipts. A pressure washer, generator and storage box are mounted on a sliding platform that can be pulled out from the vehicle for easy access.

Abstract: A self-propelled irrigation system has an elongated pipeline supported above a field by a plurality of drive towers. The drive towers each have a base beam assembly, a tower structure extending above the base beam assembly for supporting the elongated pipeline, and a plurality of drive wheel assemblies for moving the base beam assembly over a field. The drive assemblies include first and second drive assemblies mounted to respective ends of the base beam assembly. At least one of the drive towers also has a third drive assembly mounted to the base beam assembly between the first and second drive assemblies. The base beam assembly supporting the third drive assembly is articulated between its first and second ends and pivotally connected to the lower ends of the tower structure to allow the third drive assembly to move vertically relative to the first and second drive assemblies when traversing uneven terrain.

Abstract: Embodiments of methods, systems, or apparatuses relating to applying a fluid to at least a portion of a floor surface of a covered area via a moveable fluid application structure.

Abstract: Apparatus for positioning and maneuvering a sludge, or manure, distributing hose used in fertilizing a field includes a first frame adapted for coupling to a three-point tractor hitch and a second frame pivotally coupled to an aft portion of the first frame. Attached to and disposed aft of the second frame is a horizontally oriented, rotatable wheel assembly adapted to engage, lift and position the hose and to provide for changes in the direction of the hose as it is pulled through a field during fertilizing. The wheel assembly is horizontally and vertically pivotable about the first frame for respectively facilitating maneuvering of the hose in a field and for raising the wheel assembly for transport. A locking mechanism is provided for engaging and preventing rotation of the wheel assembly when desired. Hydraulic cylinders connected to the tractor's hydraulic system allow for changing the configuration of the apparatus.

Abstract: A power washer is provided with a transport frame, a wash unit and a gun. The wash unit and the gun may be separated from the transport frame to be used in multiple modes. Possible modes include a walk-behind mode, a spray mode and hand wash modes. A quick connection is also provided to make it easier to disconnect and reconnect various components of the power washer.

Abstract: A sprayer that is particularly useful for golf course turf. The sprayer includes a vehicle, a sprayer connected to the vehicle, and an electric power system for moving the vehicle and for operating the sprayer. The sprayer includes a liquid material storage connected to the vehicle, a spray assembly communicatively connected to the liquid material storage, and a spray boom communicatively connected to the vehicle and to the distribution system for applying a spray to a predetermined location or area proximate the vehicle, The spray assembly includes a pumping system communicatively connected to the electric power system and to the liquid material storage. The spray assembly also has a filtering system communicatively connected to the liquid material storage the spray assembly also has a distribution system communicatively connected to the liquid material storage for controlling and selectively moving liquid material in at least a pair of direction.

Abstract: A system and method for applying an aqueous pesticide solution comprising a motor and a pump combination wherein the pump is operable in the 1000-3000 pounds per square inch range; a reservoir for holding the solution to be dispersed; a regulator and pressure monitoring gauge; a hose and nozzle system configured to disperse the pesticide solution at a rate of about 1.5 to about 2.5 gallons per minute and to atomize the solution being dispersed into droplets of between 1 to 30 microns, wherein an adhesion property of the dispersed aqueous pesticide solution is significantly enhanced by such configuration, and wherein the solution is hydro-kinetically charged when released from its hydrostatic state as the solution flows through the dispersion nozzle assembly.

Abstract: A pressure washer system includes a mounting platform, a water pump, and a motor mounted to the mounting platform. The water pump has a housing with an inlet and an outlet. The motor is attached to the water pump such that the motor is designed to drive the water pump. The motor is mounted vertically below the water pump.

Abstract: Spraying installation (1) on a chassis (2) of a truck (3), comprising a spraying nozzle (4) at the free end of a telescopic arm (5) attached to the chassis (2) via elevation means, characterized by the telescopic arm (5) being supported in a first position (A) oriented along the length of the truck (3) and above the top of the truck, wherein the telescopic arm (5) is stowed in a horizontal transport position, and supported in at least one other, active position (B,C), whereby the telescopic arm stays horizontal during the movement between said positions (A and B,C) in a space confined between the vertical planes of the two sides of the truck.

Abstract: A stowable device for ejecting fluids onto the underside and wheel regions of a vehicle includes a base member joined at one end to a handle member such that the angle between the members can be controllably varied and retained at a desired angle. A source of fluid is coupled through flexible tubing terminating in a fluid jet disposed adjacent the base member distal end. The desired angle is determined by a length of cord extending from base to handle member. The exposed cord length is user-controllable by lockably spooling excess cord length into a rotatable spool reservoir attached to the handle member. User-adjustment of the desired angle also determined handle height above ground. Alternatively, the desired angle (and handle height above ground) is user-determined by adjusting effective length of a rigid rod.

Abstract: A mobile irrigation apparatus includes a frame assembly supporting at least one sprinkler and adapted for movement in a first direction along a path in a field to be irrigated; a docking station suspended from the frame assembly and adapted to engage and open one or more supply valves in a hydrant located in or adjacent the path for movement in a second direction substantially transverse to the first direction, and at least one power actuator arranged to move the docking station in the second direction in response to at least one sensor to thereby facilitate lateral alignment of the docking station with the hydrant.

Abstract: A material spreading drive system for a hopper spreader having a conveyor and a spreader separately driven by two electric motors that are powered directly from the electrical system of the vehicle. The conveyor drive system includes a speed reducing gearbox that can very efficiently transmit power received from the conveyor motor to the conveyor, thus reducing the demand on the electrical system. As a result, the electrical system is capable of also powering a second electric motor that drives the spreader. Due to the improved efficiency of the conveyor belt system, increased conveying and spreading speed are possible as well as independent control over the operating speeds of the conveyor and spreader.

Abstract: A fountain for heating and/or cooling a beverage comprises one or more heating and/or cooling elements that are configured to adjust a temperature of a beverage that circulates through the fountain. In one embodiment, the beverage fountain includes one or more heating elements located proximate to a basin, a cylinder, and/or a top reservoir of the fountain. In another embodiment, the beverage fountain includes one or more cooling elements located proximate to a basin, a cylinder, and/or a reservoir of the fountain. Alternatively, the beverage fountain may include both heating and cooling elements located proximate to a basin, a cylinder, a reservoir, and/or other locations of the fountain, wherein a selection device, such as an electrical switch or control module, may be adjusted by a user in order to select heating or cooling of the beverage.

Abstract: A boom breakaway assembly for a spray boom used by a vehicle. The boom breakaway assembly includes a reciprocating system having a first position and a second position, a retention system, and a bias system. In the first position, the bias system applies a maximum effective bias rate to the reciprocating system and the retention system applies a holding force upon the spray boom to maintain the spray boom in a desired outward position. In the second position, the bias system applies a minimal effective bias rate to the reciprocating system and the retention system reduces or disengages the holding force upon the spray boom, thereby allowing the spray boom to move from the outward position to a breakaway position when the spray boom encounters an obstacle. The bias system returns the reciprocating system to the first position once the spray boom clears the obstacle.

Abstract: An irrigation sprinkler head has an auxiliary nozzle carrier for carrying extra nozzles. Each nozzle is held on a flexible and resilient nozzle carrier and supported on a sprinkler head by one of the nozzles on the nozzle carrier being operatively attached to the sprinkler head. The nozzles are rapidly exchanged on the sprinkler head by disconnecting one nozzle from the sprinkler head, and connecting a second nozzle to the sprinkler head without removing either nozzle from the carrier and without the use of tools. The nozzle carrier is flexible between the nozzle holding ends so that the nozzle carrier can flex between the ends thereof to absorb impact without damage and can be used below a crop line.

Abstract: An irrigation assembly has a main pipeline supported at intervals by mobile towers, a plurality of drop tube assemblies at spaced intervals along the pipeline and a collector positioned to receive water from the drop tube assembly. A plurality of targets are positioned on the ground in the paths of motion defined by the movement of the collectors. The targets may be dishes. Each dish preferably has a perforated drain that penetrates beneath the surface of the ground. Interaction between the collector and the target causes the water stored within the collector to be released into the target. The irrigation assembly may provide for underground irrigation without a collector where a dish or trough receives water from the drop tube assembly and underground drains allow for water to be dispersed below the ground.

Abstract: Methods, systems, apparatuses, and products are disclosed for locating concealed objects by discharging the contents of an aerosol container. A housing encloses an inner volume, and a hollow conduit extends along the housing. An elongate rod slides within the conduit. An actuator of the aerosol container is engaged between a discharge position and a non-discharge position by movement of the elongate rod.

Abstract: A rolling liquid herbicide applicator with an adjustable shield is attached to a hollow pole having an adjustable width protective shield mounted to one end weighted, textured wheels for rolling over most terrains are attached to the adjustable width protective shield. On the opposite end of the hollow pole handle is a trigger. When the trigger is activated, an internal trigger stick is moved down through the hollow pole, thereby causing a “C” shaped piece to move upward. This upward movement pushes on a hard flat disk. The movement of the hard flat disk causes pliable cap center to move. The gravity flow of liquid herbicide from a liquid herbicide container causes the liquid herbicide to move through a tube and nozzle assembly. The adjustable width protective shield over the nozzle prevents overspray and accidental contact of the liquid herbicide on healthy desired vegetation.

Abstract: A watering system includes a watering can and a dispensing system. The dispensing system includes a cart for supporting the watering can, wheels coupled to a bottom of the cart and adapted to facilitate movement of the dispensing system on a surface, and a lever movably coupled to the cart and adapted to allow for manual movement of the watering can between a lowered position in which water held in the watering can's bucket is not dispensed and a raised position in which water held in the buck is dispensed through the watering can's spout. The lever has an exposed end adapted to be lowered by a user to move the watering can from the lowered position to the raised position.

Abstract: A lock assembly operable to secure a lift linkage associated with moving a boom assembly between a lowered, operative position and a raised, inoperative position is provided. The lock assembly includes a lock pin mounted at a carrying frame interconnected between a lift linkage and the boom assembly. The lock assembly also includes a lock plate mounted at the lift linkage. In the raised position of the lift linkage, the lock plate includes a slot configured to align so as receive the lock pin. Once aligned, the boom is pivoted toward the folded, stowed position. As the boom pivots, the boom pushes the lock pin through the slot. The lift linkage is then lowered to seat the lock pin in the slot and thereby secure the lift linkage and supported boom in the raised, folded position.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for using liquid nitrogen to render crises safe, as in circumstances of hostage crises, entering Methamphetamine labs, purging the accumulating toxic or flammable gases, ending the dispersal of substances from aerosols and capturing the material dispersed by condensing it and sealing it in containers for disposal, picking up spills by solidifying them or gelling the material and containing it for disposal—this includes Mercury spills, sealing and repairing broken pipes and dikes and dams, enabling a combustion engine to quit running, changing the conditions in a weather system to counter funnel formation in a tornado threat, strengthening levee structures by freezing the core for the length of the levee when severe crises occur, rapid cooling lava flows to structure the solid lava formation to something useful in that location, purging the coalmine fire environment of Oxygen to quell the long-term blaze, and treating industrial stack gas to useful soot, water and Carbon dioxide componen

Abstract: An ultrasonic waterjet apparatus (10) has a mobile generator module (20) and a high-pressure water hose (40) for delivering high-pressure water from the mobile generator module (20) to a hand-held gun (50) with a trigger and an ultrasonic nozzle (60). An ultrasonic generator in the mobile generator module (20) transmits high-frequency electrical pulses to a piezoelectric or magnetostrictive transducer (62) which vibrates to modulate a high-pressure waterjet flowing through the nozzle (60). The waterjet exiting the ultrasonic nozzle (60) is pulsed into mini slugs of water, each of which imparts a waterhammer pressure on a target surface. The ultrasonic waterjet apparatus (10) may be used to cut and de-burr materials, to clean and de-coat surfaces, and to break rocks. The ultrasonic waterjet apparatus (10) performs these tasks with much greater efficiency than conventional continuous-flow waterjet systems because of the repetitive waterhammer effect.

Abstract: A wand, such as for a surface cleaning apparatus, comprises at least an upstream rigid tube and a downstream rigid tube releasably pivotally connected to the upstream rigid tube. A flexible fluid flow conduit connects the downstream, tube in fluid flow communication with the upstream tube.

Abstract: A linear water feed apparatus for use in agricultural irrigation includes a linear-move machine with a mobile truss assembly supporting a plurality of individual sprinklers and adapted for movement in a specified direction across a field to be irrigated. The truss assembly is oriented transverse to the specified direction, and a supply pipe is arranged in the specified direction along or within the field to be irrigated. The supply pipe mounts a plurality of water supply hydrants at spaced locations along the pipe, each of the hydrants enclosing a water supply valve. A docking station is supported at one end of the truss assembly closest to the supply pipe, and is adapted to engage and open successive ones of the water supply valves in the plurality of hydrants. The docking station assembly includes a docking station that is suspended from a frame for floating movement about at least three mutually perpendicular axes.

Abstract: A portable handheld pressure washer is provided that includes an electric motor and a pump that are contained within a housing that has a built-in handle with a trigger on an upper side of the housing. The pressure washer of the present invention can also include a discharge lance to which various cleaning nozzles or other cleaning implements can be attached.

Abstract: This invention overcome the disadvantage of the prior systems and produces a high velocity specially formed and constituted pressure aerodynamic stream for efficiently and effectively removing ice from an aircraft. The specially formed stream includes a stream within a stream, wherein a deicing fluid such a glycol is entrained within and encased by a surrounding jacket of entraining fluid such air. This deicing is now known as coaxial stream/stream within a stream deicing. The special nozzle allows the stream to maintain fluid separation over its flight path so that aircraft contact is made by to be known as coaxial stream/stream within a stream deicing. The coaxial stream/stream within a stream deicing is further enhanced by pressurizing the stream to deliver the stream as a high pressure high velocity stream to improved the aerodynamic sweeping action of the airstream.

Abstract: An automated or manually operated portable pump house for producing water pressure includes a portable housing structure, a fire pump positioned within the housing structure, a fire pump driver operably coupled to the fire pump, means for controlling the fire pump driver operably coupled to the fire pump driver, a pressure control pump positioned within the housing structure, means for controlling the pressure control pump operably coupled to the pressure control pump, means for electrical power generation positioned within the housing structure, and means for automatically detecting and reporting a status condition to an external location.

Abstract: A safety system is provided for an anhydrous ammonia nurse tank (4) pulled by a tractor (1) with a tool bar applicator (2). The system includes a safety valve (10), and a breakaway coupling or connector (12) along a flexible hose (11) from the nurse tank to the applicator. The safety shutdown valve (10) closes in response to a break in the electrical connector in the event of a pull away or manual activation of a safety switch.