Abstract: A hook for a hook-and-eye fastener includes a one-piece hook body having at least one pair of prongs, and a retainer having openings through which the prongs extend, respectively. The hook body includes a locking tongue and a base underlying the locking tongue, and an arcuate portion joining the locking tongue and the base, the prongs projecting substantially perpendicularly from the base in a direction away from the locking tongue. The hook body has a plurality of cold-pressed elongated recesses defined in an inner surface of the hook body and extending from the base through the arcuate portion to the locking tongue, thereby giving resilience and strength that are large enough to withstand forces tending to permanently deform the hook body at the arcuate portion. The openings in the retainer are spaced from one another by a distance which is larger than the distance between the prongs. Each of the prongs has a bent end portion retained on the retainer with a space defined therebetween.

Abstract: A fastening for use on a garment comprises a base, and at least two flat spikes initially projecting from the base for being pierced through the garment into apertures of a hasp, and then for being deflected into a clenched condition against the hasp, there being at least two cold-pressed grooves each opening into an outer surface of the fastening and extending longitudinally thereof across a shoulder or joint between the base and a respective one of the spikes. The fastening accordingly has a greater hardness in a region around the grooves than at other regions thereof so that the fastening is resistant to bending or other deformation around the grooves when the spikes are pierced and clenched.

Abstract: A panel nail construction adapted to be assembled on a backing material used in making shaped, upholstered panels employed in the making of furniture, and the like. The panel nail construction is provided with backing material-retaining means which enable it to be attached on a backing material. The panel nail construction advantageously is used in the form of a strip comprised of panel nails integrally, but separably, interconnected along the adjacent transverse margins of the head portion of each of the panel nails. In this form, the panel nail construction can be rapidly, and selectively, assembled on a backing material with an automatic machine or tool.