Abstract: A rotor assembly for a waste processing machine includes a rotor and a plurality of processing tools mounted to the rotor. The processing tools are a combination of at least two different tools to provide aggressive intake of waste material and aggressive output of reduced waste material.

Abstract: A break-away processing tool for a waste processing machine includes a tool holder, at least one fastener for attaching the tool holder to a rotor assembly of the waste processing machine and a structure for allowing breakage of the tool holder in a controlled manner such that broken pieces of the tool holder remains attached to the rotor assembly by the fastener.

Abstract: An improved hammermill hammer is provided wherein the hammer body has an interlocking slot, to receive one of a pair of retaining rods, and a rod hole through which a second rod is interfitted to lock the hammer securely to the hammermill rotor.

Abstract: In order to enable grinding, with the lowest possible specific energy requirement, of brittle grinding material, in particular moist ores and/or other moist minerals, with the use of an interparticle crushing high-pressure roll press in which the roll surfaces are protected against wear by means of a grid armoring by an autogenous wear protection layer, without having to accept the risk of a premature damaging of the wear protection layer given the occurrence of rough particles/oversized particles/scattered particles, a smooth roll mill is connected upstream from the interparticle crushing high-pressure roll press, in whose nip (i.e. that of the smooth roll mill), the nip width is limited to a maximum of approximately 4 mm, such that only the oversized particles (scattered particles) contained in the feed material are coarse-crushed by means of individual particle crushing.

Abstract: Arrangement for securing a replaceable cutting blade (1) on a rotating knife holder (2) in a cutting assembly for a meat mincing machine, the blade (1) of the rotating knife holder (2) rotating along the surface of a perforated disc (3), the arrangement comprising at least one slot (4) in the knife holder (2) adapted to the thickness of the cutting blade (1) in such a way that the replaceable cutting blade (1) can be positioned in the slot (4) and thereby partially secured in the knife holder (2). The arrangement comprises a screw (5) positioned in a threaded bore (6) provided in the knife holder (2), the threaded bore extending transversely with respect to the slot (4) in such a way that the screw (5) can be moved in the threaded bore (2) to engagement with a replaceable cutting blade (1) inserted into the slot for completely securing the blade in the knife holder (2). The threaded bore (6) is provided as a blind hole with a minor hole at the bottom for insertion of a tool for tightening the screw (5).

Abstract: An improved lifter and a method of repairing a damaged lifter employed in a rotary drum debarker of the type which removes the bark of logs by introducing logs into a rotating drum wherein the the logs tumble and flail against one another so that the bark is removed by the tumbling and rubbing action of one log against another. A plurality of lifters are arranged around the interior surface of the drum so that the point or vertex of the lifter is facing toward the axis of rotation of the drum. The lifters are provided with cleats on the vertex of the lifter in the direction of rotation of the drum to protect the lifter from excessive wear. In addition the cleat lifts the logs higher in the drum which improves the tumbling action. Damaged lifters may be repaired by the addition of the cleat to the vertex of the lifter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a centrifugal grinder that comprises a body (1) with loading (2) and unloading (3) devices. The grinder comprises upper (4) and lower (5) working organs (parts) which are mounted on the body, said organs (parts) being capable of rotation in opposite directions around the vertical axis. These organs form a working chamber (6) that comprises an annular unloading aperture (7). This invention is characterized in that the upper working organ (4) is made in the shape of a hollow cone (4) while the lower working organ (5) is made in the shape of a conical disc. The conical disc (5) is mounted on the base of the hollow cone (4) and has its summit located within said hollow cone.

Abstract: An electric food processor has a housing in which there is arranged an electric motor with a motor shaft. A belt drives a step-down belt pulley of a vertical first shaft from the motor shaft. The first shaft is disposed vertically in the housing and working tools running in a working container that can be placed on the housing of the food processor can be coupled to the first shaft. A compact and flat construction of the food processor is assured in that the electric motor is aligned horizontally in the housing. The motor shaft rotates about a substantially horizontal axis. An intermediate shaft is mounted essentially vertically in the housing. The intermediate shaft is coupled to the motor shaft with a half-crossed, first belt and, on the other hand, is coupled to the vertical first shaft by an open, second belt. The first shaft is thus driven by the motor through the intermediary of the intermediate shaft.

Abstract: A refiner disc for a fiber refiner having a refiner disc removal device that is integral with and retained by the disc during refiner operation. The removal device includes a biasing element that is extended from the disc against its mounting surface to urge the disc away from the mounting surface. In its preferred embodiment, the biasing element is a threaded removal plug in a threaded hole in the disc. The plug preferably is of one-piece, unitary and headless construction, engaged by a tool during removal, and is no longer than the disc cross section. The hole is spaced from disc mounting bores, can be offset from the center of the disc to increase mechanical advantage during removal, and has a shoulder adjacent a refining surface of the disc for preventing the plug from backing out of the disc during refiner operation.

Abstract: A slow speed high torque shear technology is disclosed having optional configurations and attachments for its construction and methods for reconfiguring existing shears to improve performance, and maintenance economics. A method is provided for the readily replacement of individual cutters and tooth modules, reconfiguration of cutter and tooth assemblies in a mix and match manner, in combination with matching anvils having replacement cutting elements with multiple cutting faces. Alternative embodiments are provided illustrating methods of configuration of various types of cutting elements and material feed systems. Methods for converting a shear a rough cut shear to a fine particle shear and then to a granulator is provides. A method for rejecting unprocessable material is also disclosed.

Abstract: A hammer comprising a hammer body. The hammer body comprises a rotor forming portion with a trailing and a leading edge and is capable of securement to a rotor, a tip support section capable of extending into a debris path, and a production pocket extending from the leading edge of the rotor portion also capable of extending into the debris path. The hammer also comprises a hammer tip secured to the tip section of the hammer body and at least partially shielded from the debris path by the production pocket of the hammer body.

Abstract: A rock crusher such as a cone or jaw crusher incorporates hardened tapered inserts in the manganese or other wear liner of at least one of its crushing elements. The inserts extend outwardly from the crushing surface of the crushing element towards the facing crushing surface so as, in use, to act as pick axes that shatter rock primarily by impact rather than pulverizing the rock by compression. The inserts are fixed in a heat treated manganese wear liner either by bonding or by press-fitting. The inserts substantially improve the life of the wear liner and, unexpectedly, 1) produce product of a highly uniform gradation in the desired ranges, 2) consistently produce product with a very high cubicity, 3) dramatically reduce the crusher's power requirements, and 4) significantly increase the crusher's capacity.

Abstract: A cutting cylinder for a paper shredder has a shaft with a first end and a second end. A plurality of spaced-apart cutter discs are arranged on the shaft between the first and second ends of the shaft. Each cutter disc has an inner surface defining an inner diameter. In addition, the shaft has a first outer surface lining the inner surface of at least one cutter disc, and a second outer surface adjacent to at least one cutter disc. The second outer surface has an outer diameter greater than the inner diameter of the adjacent cutter disc.

Abstract: The invention provides an impact member for assembly with a rotor arranged in a comminuter used for the size reduction of feed material. The impact member, disposed radially about the rotor, comprises a carrier and a replaceable impact plate both configured for complementary registration so as to be cantilevered from the carrier and to provide an essentially locking arrangement to withstand the impact forces without coming loose. The carrier has a forwardly disposed open recess or channel with first and second facings intersecting in an axial direction relative to the horizontal axis of the rotor, and defining an acute angle relative to the radial plane of the rotor. The first facing is oriented in the general direction of rotation of the rotor and terminates with a longitudinally extending marginal edge disposed axially relative to the horizontal axis of the rotor.

Abstract: A novel laminar assembly for use with comminution equipment, such as a liner for protecting the shell of an ore crushing mill or as a wear tip on a blow bar for use in a rock impact crusher. The laminar segment includes a plurality of laminae which are attached to each other with a pair of rods extending through a pair of axial holes positioned in the base of the laminae, thereby forming a segment of virtually any desired length. Conventional mounting bolts may extend through radial holes in the laminae between the axial holes to attach the liner segment to the comminution equipment. The utilization of small laminae enable the laminae to be formed from hardened materials such as heat treated steel or cut from a plate and then heat treated such that the microstructure throughout the laminae may be strictly controlled, thereby providing a laminae with consistent hardness and toughness throughout the laminae.

Abstract: The present invention is an apparatus and a method of operating a grinder for chipping and shredding material into waste, the grinder including a generally cylindrical drum having an exterior surface with a plurality of pockets formed into the exterior surface. Within each pocket, at least one of a plurality of bits are removably positioned, with each bit having a base securable into the pocket providing an upper cutting edge portion of each bit that extends above the exterior surface. Each upper cutting edge extends outward in an arcuate curving shape from each side of the bit, forming a self-sharpening sharp outer edge for each side of the bit. Each pocket and removable bit has a center line that may be angled off-set with respect to a center line of the radius of the rotor drum, providing protrusion of the leading cutting edge of each bit above the exterior surface so that the leading cutting edges of the plurality of bits are placed in contact with the material to be chipped and shredded.

Abstract: An improved positioning device for concaves of cone crushers including a supporting surface formed above a tapered inclined surface of a top cell and projecting inwardly, the supporting surface having slots symmetrically provided thereon for receiving and positioning lower positioning elements, and an annular flange disposed on the supporting surface. Opposite to the upper contact face of the supporting surface, the annular flange is provided with symmetrically distributed projections. Each projection is provided with a groove at a bottom edge thereof for receiving an upper positioning element mounted in place by a sunk-head bolt. A lower end face of the upper positioning element is configured to have a tapered surface that matches the respective one of the lower positioning elements. Furthermore, upper surfaces of the projections are provided with symmetrical key slots that are equivalent to the projections in number for mounting of stop blocks using sunk-head bolts.

Abstract: A rotating claw drum for shredding discarded material (such as used carpet) is created from flat circular plates that are stacked tightly together on a driveshaft or drum, to create an impermeable drum face that prevents particulates from entering and fouling the internal mechanisms. Each flat plate is provided with at least one claw-holding slot in its outer rim; 6 to 12 slots preferably should be provided in each plate. Locking means (such as a locking bar that will pass through aligned locking notches in the slots and claws) will lock the claws in place while the drum is in use. After the drum has been stopped, a locking bar can be removed, to release a damaged claw from its slot so it can be replaced, without having to disturb any other claws.

Abstract: A refiner plate has bars integrally formed with the refiner plate base member which have discrete regions of selected physical properties. A material possessing the physical property is deposited in a reservoir in the bar, such as a groove. The reservoir may be positioned in the top of the bar and may be of various shapes. Alternatively, the reservoir with material is positioned on the bar leading or trailing edge. Alternatively, an abrasive surface extends over the entire upper surface of the bar including the leading and trailing edges. The bar may be formed of a white iron alloy which is heat-treated to form a soft matrix with embedded carbide grains. By protecting regions of desired smoothness with a wear-resistant protective coating flow is preserved in selected areas.

Abstract: In order to create a wear-resistant surface armoring suited for autogenous wear protection for the rolls of high-pressure roll presses for pressure disintegration of granular material using nap bolts (grid armoring), which also comprises a high serviceable life span even under the effect of high-pressure loads, it is proposed to give the nap bolt the shape of a mushroom, whose head projects outward from the roll body and whose shaft is sunk into the corresponding recess or bore of the roll body in such a way that an open space remains between the base of the bore and the lower end of the shaft of the bolt.

Abstract: A first rotor disk (21) and a second rotor disk (22) having a plurality of crushing pins (30) mounted so as to form rows along the circumference are opposed to each other and rotatably supported within casings (14, 15). The first and second rotor disks (21, 22) are rotated to crush materials to be crushed which are charged into the casings (14, 15). The crushing pins (30) are mounted on the first and second rotor disks (21, 22) in a cantilever manner. Escape spaces are provided on the first and second rotor disks (21, 22) so as to face to the extreme ends of the crushing pins (30).

Abstract: A track for mills including a series of inner wearing segments and a series of outer wearing segments with a high resistance to wear. The upper surface of the inner wearing segments and the outer wearing segments provide two concentric circular runway paths moving beneath milling rollers in order to mill material tipped out onto the track. The inner and outer wearing segments are fixed removably to a sole with an outer edge and an inner edge defining a housing for the wearing segments.

Abstract: A paper pulp defibering or refining plate in accordance with the invention comprises a comminuting surface having a large number of ridges separated by grooves. The plate body is made from a first material such as stainless steel or cast iron providing the overall mechanical strength of the plate in use. The upper part of the ridges is a layer of an abrasion resistant material based on grains of tungsten carbide bound in a metal alloy whose melting and brazing characteristics are appropriate to laser resurfacing on the plate body. The ridges are resurfaced successively by scanning a laser beam and a powder spray nozzle in one or more passes.

Abstract: A component for a pulp refiner such as a paper pulp refiner. The component comprises an attachment surface (16) for attachment to the refiner, a working surface (17, 22), and at least one core (15, 28, 33, 50, 51) made of rigid material and provided with a wear resistant coating (19, 20, 25) so that at least the useful surface area (18) of the component at least partially consists of the outer surface of the coating (19, 20, 25). Said component is characterised in that said coating (19, 20, 25) consists of a stack of thin layers or strips (21). A refiner including at least one such component, a method for preparing said component and a fiberising and for refining method using at least one such component are also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to an improved rotor design and in particular to a method of manufacturing a centrifugal rotor into which material is introduced and can exit therefrom as a consequence of the motion of the rotor, characterised by the step of positioning a guide edge so that in order for the material to exit the rotor during movement therefrom, the angular acceleration of the material is changed directly or indirectly by the guide edge to be different from what the angular acceleration would have been without the guide edge.

Abstract: A new Agricultural Feed Mixer Blade for providing a mixer blade with improved impact and wear resistance. The inventive device includes a plate having a leading edge with a plurality of teeth arranged in a stepped contiguous relationship therealong, and an elongated cutting element affixed to a face edge of each of the teeth wherein the cutting element is formed of a substance harder than that of the plate such as a cemented carbide. The blade is mountable to the auger of the agricultural feed mixer whereby the leading edge of the plate substantially protrudes beyond a periphery of the auger.

Abstract: A trunnion liner apparatus includes a main body portion in the form of a rubber boot which forms a main pocket and a pair of cavities. A magnetic block is held within the main pocket for attaching the trunnion liner directly to an inside surface of a trunnion. The pair of upper cavities are sized to hold a layer of material to prevent wear on an inside surface of a trunnion. In one embodiment, the layer of material comprises a plurality of steel balls and processed material interdispersed between the steel balls.

Abstract: A mincing unit for an industrial mincing machine having a stator, a rotor and a worm screw drivingly connected to the rotor and positioned within the stator. A set of disc-shaped dies are formed of progressively closer perforations. A set of star-shaped cutters alternate with the dies such that the cutters act on the dies at either end. The cutters are fitted with rectangular blades having a cutting edge surfaced with a wear-resistant material fixed externally to the blades. An element of wear resistant material is mounted on each spoke of the cutters. A freely rotating plate is mounted in an axial area of the cutters.

Abstract: A replaceable jaw face (10a-10d) for a jaw crusher for crushing rocks and the like comprises corrugations (c) the axes of which are inclined to the vertical such that there is a lateral phase shift of the corrugations between the upper and lower end edges (16,18) of the face. This configuration provides interchangeability of the jaw faces throughout the jaws of the crusher while maintaining the correct relationship between the corrugations of the jaw faces of the opposing jaws.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved positioning device for the concave of a cone crusher. The concave is provided with a plurality of tabs which are symmetrically disposed and each of the tabs is provided with a inclined surface which directs to same direction. The top cell or bottom cell is provided with a plurality of positioning device which is corresponding to each of the tabs. The positioning device is provided with a complimentary inclined and tapped surface corresponding to the inclined surface of the concave. As a result, the concave can be fixedly supported over the positioning devices. The concave can be quickly assembled while features a firm and durable engagement therebetween for life long service.

Abstract: An adapter for mounting a liner to a first mill having an inner diameter with a first contour. The liner has a back face with a second contour shaped for mating with a second mill. The adapter includes a top face and a bottom face. The top face supports the back face of the liner. The bottom face has a contour formed for mating with the contour of the first mill.

Abstract: A horizontal comminuting machine for reducing recyclable waste wood and other comminutable material which may have non-reducible foreign objects incorporated with it has a generally horizontal rotary drum mounting a plurality of peripherally spaced communinuting tools traveling in a continuous work contacting path. A feed works delivers material forwardly to the rotating drum in a longitudinal feed stream and to a lead anvil which, under undue operating pressure, withdraws from an operative position adjacent the path of the tools to a removed position. An anvil confining assembly on the machine frame controls the travel of the anvil. Rearwardly of the lead anvil, individual anvils are mounted to cooperate with the tools to further reduce the material.

Abstract: Tooling parts such as cutting knives, bearings, gears and the like are constructed from advanced wear ceramics and fiber reinforced polymer material. The cutting knives are constructed from a plurality of ceramic blades molecular bonded or embedded in a support of reinforced polymer material. The resulting cutting blades are light in weight, inert to chemical attack, and maintain their sharpness during the processing of various materials such as plastics, wood, paper, cardboard and the like.

Abstract: A rock crusher comprises a pair of rotors spaced apart to define a throat therebetween and driven in opposite directions. Impactor bars on the rotors crush rock that is delivered to the rotors and passes the broken rock fragments through the throat. The rock crusher may be conveniently provided in a harvesting vehicle such as a potato harvester to crush rock that has been picked up with and separated from the crop. The rocks can be crushed to a sufficiently small size that they may be conveniently returned to the field surface, and thus the arrangement avoids the trouble and expense that would otherwise be entailed in collecting and disposing of the separated rock.

Abstract: A refiner plate has bars integrally formed with the refiner plate base member which have discrete regions of selected physical properties. A material possessing the physical property is deposited in a reservoir in the bar, such as a groove. The reservoir may be positioned in the top of the bar and may be of various shapes. Alternatively, the reservoir with material is positioned on the bar leading or trailing edge. Alternatively, an abrasive surface extends over the entire upper surface of the bar including the leading and trailing edges. The bar may be formed of a white iron alloy which is heat-treated to form a soft matrix with embedded carbide grains. By protecting regions of desired smoothness with a wear-resistant protective coating flow is preserved in selected areas.

Abstract: The shearing machine is designed to surely shear an object to be sheared with less amount of power without causing slips. A plurality of lower shear blades mounted on a lower jaw member are arranged such that the arrangement of the cutting edges forms a convexity curved downward. The front edge portion of each shear blade inwardly protrudes from an adjacent rear edge portion of each forward adjacent shear blade. A plurality of upper shear blades mounted on an upper jaw member are arranged such that the arrangement of the cutting edges forms a convexity curved upward. The front edge portion of each shear blade inwardly protrudes from an adjacent rear edge portion of each forward adjacent shear blade.

Abstract: A hammer mill for reducing the size of particles has a generally cylindrical chamber with first and second side walls, cylindrical lower wall portion and an upper wall portion. Plural hammers extend radially from a cylindrical rotatable body mounted in the chamber coaxially therewith. The upper wall portion is divided into a first cylindrical section and a second suction inducing section between the first cylindrical section and a particle inlet. A liner having particle deflectors is slidingly mounted on the first cylindrical section in grooves formed between the upper edges of plates attached to the sidewalls of the chamber and the first cylindrical section of the upper wall portion. A plate liner is positioned at the interior of the second section on angled straight line edges of the sidewall plates to provide a space for suctioning particles from the particle inlet.

Abstract: In order to create a wear-resistant hard-surfacing for the rolls of high-pressure roll presses for the compressive size reduction of granular material, which is suitable for autogenous wear protection and which is simple from the fabrication standpoint and also exhibits a long potential surface life with minimized danger of cracking, even under the action of high pressing compressive loads, it is proposed in accordance with the invention that a multitude of profiles, such as, in particular, nub pins (17), arranged at intervals from one another, be welded onto the roll surface by mold welding, specifically with the assistance of a mold (11) laid on the roll body (10), which mold is provided with radial through openings (12, 13, 14), which are filled with surface weld metal, after which, after solidification of the weld metal, the preferably water-cooled mold (11) is lifted off the roll (10).

Abstract: A motor driven grinding apparatus, and a system incorporating the inventive grinder, for reducing the size of waste material. The apparatus includes a housing having an interior, an exterior, an inlet for introducing material into the interior, and an exit for expelling material from the interior. The housing also includes a front wall, a back wall, a pair of spaced apart side walls, and a bottom grate. The apparatus also includes a substantially cylindrical, balanced, drum having a shaft, and a plurality of cutting blocks rotatably mounted thereto. The drum is rotated by a drive motor engageable with the shaft. An airfoil is attached to the front wall for establishing a static air curtain within the interior of the housing enabling air to be drawn into the housing through the inlet and expelled from the exit when the drum rotates. The drum and cutting block configuration are particularly useful for grinding, and sheafing, cellulose, plastics, glass, and other solid waste materials.

Abstract: Grain is fed from a hopper to a horizontally oriented adjustable speed steam heated auger driven by a variable speed drive. The auger is long enough (approximately twenty inches) that temperature controlled steam fed to a plurality of inlets along the auger as related to the rate of grain movement through the auger heats the grain therein to approximately three hundred degrees fahrenheit. Then it is dropped through a grain outlet opening into a high velocity cold air stream temperature shocking the hot grain causing a sudden contraction of grain outer layers causing them to crack and loosen from the grain core. The grain is then fed through tubes to space between a rotatable internally rubber (or soft plastic) sheet layer sheathed inner surface outer mill member fitted to and rotatable about a truncated cone member having outer surface metal channel members angled approximately forty five degrees adjacent at the top and diverging at the bottom.

Abstract: The centrifugal impact crusher includes, among others, a cylindrical housing (10), a turntable (22) supported by a vertical bearing (24), a series of ejectors (27) fixed to the turntable (22), a series of anvils (34) fixed to an anvil ring (30) around the turntable (22) and lining (14) on the internal wall of the housing (10). In order to damp out the significant impacts on the anvils (34), the anvil ring (30) is supported by a series of flat polygonal blocks (38) standing up on edge and resting freely via one of the flat sides on the upper horizontal edge of the lining (14) of the tank (10).

Abstract: A rotary impact breaker has a housing and a rotor rotatable in the housing about an axis in a predetermined direction and formed with a radially outwardly open pocket having a generally radially extending front and back faces. An impact element has a foot part seated in the pocket and having a front face bearing against the front pocket face and a back face confronting and diverging from the back pocket face and a head part projecting radially from the pocket. A retaining wedge in the pocket has a front face bearing forwardly against the back element face and a back face backwardly against the back pocket face. A bolt engages radially from the wedge into the rotor and presses the wedge radially inwardly and thereby tightly lodges the wedge between the back element face and back pocket face.

Abstract: An impact roll crusher for grinding up material, for example in mineral mining, employs a roll equipped with impact heads which co-operates with part of a conveyor transporting the material. The roll is rotatably mounted in a housing and a hood is connected to the housing to deflect and discharge the crushed material. The crusher roll is driven by a belt coupled to pulleys on the roll and on a drive motor shaft. The drive motor is supported by a bracket pivotably mounted on an inclined baffle wall of the hood. The roll drive adopts a position below the upper surface of the crusher housing. A tensioning device operable to adjust the tension in the drive belt is coupled to the bracket and adjusts the pivotable movement of the bracket.

Abstract: A rotor blade structure for a vertical shaft impact crusher which enables the lifetime of blades to increase and facilitates maintenance. In the early stage of wear, it takes place by collision between a blade body (2) of each blade (1), particularly teeth (4) provided thereon, and raw stone. Accordingly, in this stage, rods (9) buried in the blade body (2) do not collide with raw stone. As the wear progresses, the rods (9) become exposed. After the rods (9) have been exposed, raw stone also collides with the rods (9), which have a higher hardness than that of the blade body (2). That is, the blade (1) does not subject the rods (9) to wear from the beginning of use of it, but allows the rods (9) to be subjected to wear after the blade body (2) has become worn to a certain extent.

Abstract: A metal shredding machine includes spaced apart support plates which are interconnected by rods carrying hammers. The hammers contact and shred metal which is passing through the machine. Sleeves are mounted on the peripheral edges of the plates. The sleeves reduce the frequency of breakage and replacement of the support plates.

Abstract: A replaceable blade assembly is used to secure tool blades to the jaws of a material handler and comprises a holder secured to the jaw and a blade insert which is releasably secured thereto. The holder has a face with an elongated intermediate portion, an inclined end portion adjacent its outer end, a channel extending along the elongated intermediate portion, and a recess in the inclined end portion. The blade insert has a first face for mounting against the face of the holder with an elongated intermediate portion bearing against the elongated intermediate portion of the holder. A inclined end portion adjacent the outer end of the blade insert bears against the inclined end portion of the holder, and a spine on the elongated portion seats in the channel of the holder. A projection on the outer end of the blade insert seats in the holder recess, and a fastener releasably secures the inner end of the insert to the inner end of the holder.

Abstract: A rotary drum washer-extractor having an abrasive structure therein for treating fabrics or garments in a wash medium and a method of abrading fabrics or garments employing the abrasive structure to produce a controlled abrasion of the fabrics or garments are disclosed. The abrasive structure is formed preferably of a corrosion resistant material wherein the material forms an abrasive surface affixed to metal surface by a molten metal technique.

Abstract: The flail includes a cutting member which contains a cutting head. The cutting head defines a cutting edge which acts upon material to be comminuted during operation of the rotary impact mechanism. The cutting edge is made wear-resistant by having affixed thereto a plural number of wear-resistant parts made of hard metal and having a basically prismatic configuration.

Abstract: The pin holes for hammers used in shredders can be changed without the need for removing the hammer pins. A single elliptical hammer pin slot is provided in the hammer. A hammer pin is inserted into one end of the elliptical hammer pin slot and a removable plug is inserted into the slot at the hammer pin thereby securing the pin to the hammer. The pin hole can be changed upon normal wear and tear by removing the plug and sliding the hammer to move the pin to the opposite pin hole at the opposite curved section of the elliptical pin slot. The plug is reinserted at the opposite pin hole thereby securing the pin to the hammer.

Abstract: A hammer for use in shredders and comprising a hammer holder with a dovetail key and a hammer tip having a dovetail groove shaped to receive the dovetail key. The hammer tip is slidably engageable with the hammer holder by sliding the dovetail groove over the dovetail key. Centrifugal force from the hammer rotation keeps the tip secured to the holder. The hammer tip is also wider than the hammer holder in order to protect the holder from wear and tear.