Abstract: A roller mill 10 for pulverizing fine material has a grinding mechanism that includes a plurality of grinding rolls 64 and a grinding ring 66 that coact to pulverize material within a mill housing. The grinding ring has an inner grinding surface wherein the inner surface includes an upper vertical portion and inwardly sloped lower portion. The lower portion of the ring provides a means for retaining more fine particles on the ring during pulverizing, as well as an increase in grinding surface. The grinding rolls have a generally cylindrical shape with an outer grinding surface that includes an upper vertical portion and a lower portion of the outer grinding surface. The outer grinding surface of the roll is complementary to the inner grinding surface of the grinding ring.

Abstract: A powder based granules disintegrating and sizing device, includes: a drive shaft that is inserted horizontally in the casing main body; a plurality of circular plates that are fixedly supported at intervals by the drive shaft; and a stator, the plate surface of the circular plate and the inclined surface of the stator configuring a gap portion A where a powder based granules accumulates, and a narrowest gap portion between the circumferential edge of the circular plate and the stator configuring a disintegrating and sizing portion B. The stator stretches over the entire circumference of the circular plate, a raw material feeding port is provided on a side wall in the vicinity of the drive shaft of the casing main body, and a cutout portion through which a raw material passes is formed on the plate surface of the circular plate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for fining powders and an apparatus employing the same. By fast rotating the collision plates in a chamber, the powders can be continuously pulverized at high velocity. The chamber is maintained in a stable low pressure, so that gas flows are generated by planes of the rotating collision plates and the powders can be sorted. The present invention can perform functions of both pulverizing powders of D50<20 ?m to D50<2.0 ?m and sorting them with advantages of dry, low temperature, saving-energy, less consumed-material and high efficiency. The present invention is particularly suitable for oxides unable to be fined by high-temperature pyrolysis, powders having problems of changing properties at high temperature or aggregation. The present invention also provides a low-cost technology for certain powders such as cement.

Abstract: An apparatus for pneumatically conveying particulate material to an application site includes a mill that is operative to reduce the particle size of the material. The mill has a specified air flow capacity. The apparatus further includes a container for the particulate material, an air lock that discharges the particulate material from the containers and a blower. The blower has a specified air flow output greater than the air flow capacity of the mill.

Abstract: Nozzles for converting clumps and nodules of dry or substantially dry fibrous insulation to pils and for spraying on the so treated and accelerated air entrained insulation pieces to form thermal and acoustical insulation in building cavities. The nozzles comprise a shredder section for reducing the size of many of the pieces of insulation to pil size and an accelerator section for increasing the velocity of a stream of air suspended pils for improved just-installed insulation integrity or strength. The shredder and the accelerator can also be combined in a single unit.

Abstract: A granular material grinder and method of use includes a hammer mill for reducing incoming granular material into particulate material, a microgrinder for reducing the particulate matter into microground powder by particulate matter to particulate matter collisions, and a product collector to collect the microground powder portion. The granular material grinder having the feature of being operated in a closed system to facilitate efficient recovery of grain into microground powder and operable in a cooled inert gas to prevent any compound degradation due to temperature or oxygen.

Abstract: An apparatus for subjecting a rare earth alloy block to a hydrogenation process includes a casing, gas inlet and outlet ports, a member arranged to produce a gaseous flow, and a windbreak plate. The casing defines an inner space for receiving a container. The container includes an upper opening and stores the rare earth alloy block therein. A hydrogen gas and an inert gas are introduced into the inner space through the gas inlet port, and are exhausted from the inner space through the gas outlet port. The gaseous flow is produced by a fan, for example, in the inner space. The windbreak plate is disposed upstream with respect to the gaseous flow that has been produced inside the inner space. Also, the windbreak plate reduces a flow rate of the gaseous flow that has been produced near the upper opening of the container.

Abstract: A pressure sensor system suitable for HVAC airflow control applications includes a simple probe tube as a part of a simple probe tube assembly of economical design located in a low turbulence, high velocity airflow area, such as the bell-mouthed flow ring surrounding a blower motor, and has low parasitic effect on the airflow. In certain aspects of the invention the simple probe tube assembly is connected to one side of an economical differential pressure sensor transducer which can be used to monitor airflow, either directly, or in conjunction with other data, in order to control the airflow of the HVAC application. The pressure sensor system is easily retrofitted to existing HVAC applications and does not cause significant airflow restriction as may result from pitot tube or orifice plate measuring devices.

Abstract: A venturi receives incoming material through an inlet tube and subjects the material to pulverization. The material, as it undergoes pulverization, is further subject to moisture extraction and drying. An airflow generator, coupled to the venturi, generates a high speed airflow to pull the material through the venturi and into an inlet aperture in the airflow generator. The airflow generator directs the received pulverized material to an outlet where the material may be subsequently separated from the air. An acoustic emission sensor receives the resonant frequencies generated by material passing through the airflow generator. The resonant frequencies reflect a material flow rate that is adjusted to avoid an overload situation. An automatic balancer system couples to an axel rotating the airflow generator to provide balance, improve efficiency, and eliminate cavitation.

Abstract: A pulveriser is disclosed which comprises a fan which sucks air through a pipe. A hopper receives material which is to be pulverised, the hopper having an open lower end which communicates with the pipe. Between the hopper and the fan there is a venturi. Air flows through the venturi at a speed of Mach 1 or above. Pieces of frangible material dropped into the hopper are sucked to the venturi where they are blown apart and reduced to powder.

Abstract: A system for treatment of infectious waste including an impactor coupled to a mixing drum that can be pressurized. Infectious waste is introduced directly into the impactor, where the waste is pulverized, then introduced into the mixing drum through its inlet end for mixing with a treatment fluid effective to kill pathogenic organisms. The drum is sealed, and superatmospheric pressure is applied therein to drive the treatment chemicals into the waste particles. After treatment, the treated waste and treatment chemicals are discharged from the drum through the inlet end of the mixing drum.

Abstract: A portable unitary apparatus, preferably wheeled, is provided herein for disposing of hazardous light bulbs, e.g., fluorescent light bulbs. The apparatus is in the form of a housing which includes an upper compartment, and a lower compartment. The top of the housing is provided with a cylindrical fluorescent light bulb feed chute for a fluorescent light bulb to be disposed of. A rotary, bulb crushing fluorescent light bulb device, comprising a pair of rigid articulated crushing hammers is secured to opposed ends of a securement member, by means of a chain-type joint, each rigid articulated crushing hammer including an arm and a weighted end, the weighted end being secured to the end of an associated arm by a chain-type joint. The rigid articulated crushing hammers which are powered by a motor, are disposed within an enclosed reduction chamber shroud which depends from the upper compartment.

Abstract: The disclosed method and apparatus for crushing material such as ice include a controller to actively control the speed, volume, temperature, and humidity of airflow to improve the crushing efficiency.

Abstract: A machine for separating a compacted fibrous material and pneumatically impelling separated fibrous material generally comprising a hopper having a trough at a lower end thereof provided with an outlet, a pair of augers disposed in the trough operable to advance separated fibrous material toward and into the hopper outlet, means disposed in the hopper between an inlet of the hopper and the trough for shredding compacted fibrous materials introduced into the hopper, an airlock feeder having an inlet communicating with the trough outlet, a motor and means for conveying drive from the motor to the shredding means, the augers and the feeder.

Abstract: A hulling apparatus that can improve hulling efficiency and hulling roll durability. A first air nozzle and a second air nozzle to cool surfaces of hulling rolls by blowing compressed air thereto are provided at a vicinity of the hulling rolls of the hulling apparatus. Consequently, a hardness of a rubber layer at the surfaces of the hulling rolls can be prevented from being lowered. Thus, hulling efficiency and hulling roll durability can be improved.

Abstract: A process comprising the steps of: (1) pressurizing a particulate material in bead or pellet form in a vessel to an elevated pressure with a first gas, (2) reducing the particulate material under the elevated pressure to a fine consistency, (3) conveying the fine consistency particulate material into a receiving vessel.

Abstract: A wet material treatment apparatus includes an inlet hopper for introducing the wet material into the apparatus. The hopper feeds the wet material into an injector auger that physically directs the wet material into a high velocity air stream produced by a blower thereby directing the flow of the wet material through the apparatus. The wet material moves from the injector auger into a cyclone that separates the wet material through specific gravity and desiccation into a substantially liquid and a substantially solid portion. The substantially liquid portion is discharged through a first outlet in the cyclone to a wet scrubber, while the substantially solid portion of the wet material is discharged through a second outlet. The apparatus can be mounted to a trailer for mobile transportation, and can include two cyclones operating in series.

Abstract: A closed loop control system for monitoring and regulating operation of a grinding mill to reduce material in quantity to exactly match a processor material demand. The control system regulates the operation of components of a grinding mill at in response to a linear interpolation of variables between predetermined set points stored in register tables, so as to substantially match the mill reducing capability with variations in the percentage of the processor material demand, without the need for operator intervention. Multiple register tables are provided to accommodate different feed materials or blends, and an operational history record is maintained to allow for reconstruction of events leading to any component failures.

Abstract: A straw-cutting machine serves to chop stalks, preferably to chop straw behind the straw-walker end (1) of a combine harvester. It possesses a straw-cutting machine housing (4) in which a rotor (5) provided with cutting tools (7) and a drive is pivoted, a guide plate (12) which forms a straw-cutting machine bottom and an outlet (13). To improve such a straw-cutting machine, counter-cutters (11) are provided on the straw-cutting machine bottom (12). Preferably, further counter-cutters (23) are provided in the region of the inlet gap (22) (FIG. 1).

Abstract: An apparatus for breaking chips into fragments, including an outer structure which is fixedly provided such that a center line of the outer structure is parallel to a reference direction having a vertical component, an inner structure which is provided inside the outer structure such that the inner structure is concentric with the outer structure, a rotary drive device which rotates, in a rotating direction, the inner structure about the center line, and the inner structure including a central portion which is concentric with the outer structure, and a plurality of blades which extend radially outwardly from an outer circumferential surface of the central portion and each of which is inclined relative to the rotating direction such that a lower surface of the each blade can be seen as viewed from a downstream side of the each blade in the rotating direction.

Abstract: A chopper for breaking up stalks, chiefly straw is provided with a chopper housing in which a rotor equipped with cutting tools and a drive are housed and which is positioned under a feed hopper. A baffle plate forms a chopping floor in the area of which counterblades are positioned. Slits are positioned in the chopper floor essentially over the width of the rotor.

Abstract: To reduce the manufacturing costs of air-swept roller mills and comparable mills and for optimizing the grinding and classifying processes via the flow direction of the fluid-grinding material mixture, according to the invention a blade ring is provided, which has pivotable guide blades. The blade ring is constructed as a polygon blade ring in segment form with at least one outer jacket ring or outer ring, which is constructed in segmented, polygonal manner and comprises a plurality of outer polygon segments formed from planar sheet metal blanks. One or more pivotable guide blades can be arranged with an upper, lower or central pivot axis on the polygon segments and can be pivoted and locked with no or few stages.

Abstract: In the broader aspects of the invention, there is provided a new and improved pneumatic conveying machine comprising a vertically sided hopper, and a material agitator/conditioner within the hopper. The hopper has a discharge opening at the bottom of the hopper. An air lock is positioned in the discharge opening through which shredded material is discharged into an air duct. The air blower is operatively connected to the air duct. The material can be reduced in density by the agitator/conditioner and transferred into the air stream by the air lock and conveyed continuously at a continuous rate of flow without plugging the air duct.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hydraulic assisted comminuting, vacuuming and loading system for debris and includes: a self propelled vehicle having a bed for either (i) feeding native material, commercial mulch and the like into the system, or (ii) receiving debris from the system after comminution has occurred in a in-line fashion; a frame trailerable attached to an end of the self propelled vehicle and including ground engaging wheels; a comminuting chamber attached to the frame at one end having a plurality of side walls upwardly depending from the frame, input and output openings, a hammermill having a shaft extending across the chamber, a first hydraulic motor assembly attached at one end of the shaft including input and output hoses and a first controller, a series of bifurcated hammers and a grate through which the comminuted material passes; an air fan chamber attached to the frame having an input opening connected to the output opening of the comminuting chamber, an output opening, a fan positio

Abstract: To reduce the manufacturing costs of air-swept roller mills and comparable mills, according to the invention a segmented polygonal blade ring is provided, which is manufactured from a plurality of polygon segments, which have planar surfaces and are preferably cut to size from metal sheets. To individual polygon segments can in each case be fixed with a predeterminable inclination one or more guide blades. Preferably an outer polygon segment an an inner polygon segment with at least one guide blade form a polygon segment. Polygon segments can be linked to polygon runs and the latter to polygon blade rings with different diameters.

Abstract: In a grain milling machine, a milling chamber 25 is defined by a gap between a cylindrical body 24 and a rotating body 23, and grinding plates 27 and 28 are arranged on both facing surfaces of the milling chamber 25. On the surface of at least one of the grinding plates 27 and 28, polyhedral hard diamond abrasive grains are deposited. The grinding plate 27 provided on the side of the cylindrical body 24 is fixed, and the grinding plate 28 provided on the side of the rotating body 24 moves with respect to the grinding plate 27, so that the surfaces of grains fed into the milling chamber 25 are ground by the grinding function applied between the grinding plates 27 and 28. Thus, it is possible to maintain sufficient grinding force and to carry out efficient and high-quality grain milling without the need of any complicated maintenance of the machine.

Abstract: A rotary mill for reduction of ore to particles is described. The rotary mill comprises a primary reduction chamber, a secondary reduction chamber and an outlet chamber. Material entering the primary reduction chamber is deflected by an impact rotor, which shatters the material and sends the resulting particles into a plurality of shatter bars. The shatter bars further reduce these particles and deflect them back towards the rotor so that the reduced particles encounter newly shattered material, causing further attrition. In addition, the rotary mill includes an exhaust fan arranged to generate an airflow from the primary reduction chamber, through the secondary reduction chamber and into the outlet chamber. This airflow carries the reduced particles into the secondary reduction chamber wherein the particles are thrown against reduction means.

Abstract: A wood chipper includes a housing having an inlet and an outlet and a cutting assembly disposed within the housing between the inlet and the outlet and a chute disposed about and overhanging the outlet to form a space therebetween.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating the surfaces of solid particles has at least a first cylindrical treating chamber and a rotary shaft and a first rotor having two or more blades on its front face, contained in the first cylindrical treating chamber. A powder charging aperture for introducing the solid particles into the first cylindrical treating chamber together with gas is provided at the center of the front wall of the first cylindrical treating chamber, opposed to the front face of the first rotor. A first powder discharging aperture for discharging the treated solid particles is provided at the center of the rear wall of the first cylindrical treating chamber, opposed to the rear face of the first rotor. The first rotor is connected with the rotary shaft and rotated by the rotation of the rotary shaft. The height H.sub.a of the blades, the gap L.sub.1a between the tip of each of the blades and the front wall, the largest diameter R.sub.1a of the first rotor and the gap L.sub.

Abstract: A cylindrical vessel has a drive shaft rotatably mounted therein and extending along substantially the entire longitudinal extent thereof. This drive shaft is rotatably driven by a motor at a speed of 3,000-10,000 rpm. The output of a roller mill or the like having particles of the order of -200 mesh to be further comminuted, which may be of coal or other minerals, are fed into the vessel. Connected to the shaft and rotatably driven therewith is a centrifugal compressor fan. This fan with additional air intake to the vessel provides a high velocity air curtain which suspends the particles and drives them upwardly. Mounted above the compressor and rotatably driven by the drive shaft are a plurality of semipermeable screens which comminute the particles to bring them to a superfine state. Particles which are not comminuted to a superfine state are repelled by the screens for further comminution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a ring roller mill which, among other things, can be used in connection with the manufacture of cement for grinding of mineral clinker materials, slags, and similar materials. The mill has a grinding ring 1 and a roller 2. Between the roller 2 and the grinding ring 1, the partially crushed material forms a grinding bed 4 and on each side of the grinding ring 1 dam rings 5 are fitted. On the outer side of the dam rings 5 are fitted collecting jackets 6, to which scoop plates 7 are fixed. The jacket collects the material which flows over the dam ring and by means of the scoop plates the material is lifted round with the collecting jacket. Since the speed of the jacket is lower than the critical speed, the material will drop off from the uppermost part of the jacket, being dispersed towards the bottom of the latter, and is subsequently returned to the grinding path.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuously supplying fine particles (powder) in minute and quantitative amounts in a dispersed manner, is disclosed. An orifice throat 5 is formed in an orifice tube, and a powder carrying tube 7 is connected to the orifice throat. A powder suction tube 9 having a shape of an inverted funnel extends to the powder carrying tube, and a plurality of holes 16 are formed on a tapered circumferential surface of the powder suction tube 9. A powder storing container 10 closely contactedly receives the powder suction tube 9 in an air-tight state, but allows the powder suction tube to perform straight movements. A carrying system raises the powder storing container at a constant velocity, and a compressed gas injecting channel is connected to an upper portion of the powder storing container. A gas spouting nozzle 4 is connected to a compressed gas source, for spouting a compressed gas into the orifice throat 5 so as to form the powder into an aerosol.

Abstract: An apparatus for vacuuming up and chopping material such as leaves has a housing having a main chamber centered on an axis, an inlet port opening axially into the chamber, and an outlet port opening tangentially of the chamber. A rotor disk in the chamber centered on the axis has a hub at the axis and having an axially directed face provided with a predetermined number of radially and axially extending and angularly spaced vanes having outer edges. At least two and at most half of the vanes are provided on their outer edges with axially outwardly projecting chopper blades. A motor in the housing connected to the rotor disk at the hub rotates the disk about the axis and thereby draws the material in through the inlet, coarsely chops the material with the blades, and expels the coarsely chopped material with the vanes through the outlet port.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a ring roller mill which, among other things, can be used in connection with the manufacture of cement for grinding of mineral clinker materials, slags, and similar materials. The mill has a grinding ring 1 and a roller 2. Between the roller 2 and the grinding ring 1, the partially crushed material forms a grinding bed 4 and on each side of the grinding ring 1 dam rings 5 are fitted. On the outer side of the dam rings 5 are fitted collecting jackets 6, to which scoop plates 7 are fixed. The jacket collects the material which flows over the dam ring and by means of the scoop plates the material is lifted round with the collecting jacket. Since the speed of the jacket is lower than the critical speed, the material will drop off from the uppermost part of the jacket, being dispersed towards the bottom of the latter, and is subsequently returned to the grinding path.

Abstract: Cans can be loaded into the automated recycling center by placing the cans into an input slot on the front of an outer container. The cans then fall into a chute, where air pressure from a blower blows the cans upward and rearward through the chute to a shredder. Cans and other items that are unacceptable will fall out of the chute into a primary rejection chute, and then to an exit slot on the side of the container. Items that are only slightly too heavy will be blown upward, but will fall into a secondary rejection chute, and then to the exit slot. Cans that are acceptable will be blown to a shredder are the rearward end of the chute. The shredded cans fall into a collection box, mounted on wheels, and supported by a load cell scale. The scale weighs the shredded cans, and the center calculates the proper payment and issues a receipt and payment. Doors on the side of the container can be opened and the collection box removed for easy removal of the shredded aluminum.

Abstract: A mill for grinding marking particles utilizing a source of a pressurized fluid is provided. The mill includes a grinding chamber having a peripheral wall, a base and a central axis. The mill also includes a nozzle associated with the peripheral wall of the grinding chamber. The nozzle defines an inlet of the nozzle. The inlet is connectable to the source of pressurized fluid. The pressurized fluid propels the marking particles about the periphery of the chamber. The mill further includes a plug cooperable with the nozzle. The plug is in engagement the nozzle when the pressure within the grinding chamber is substantially greater than the pressure at the inlet of the nozzle.

Abstract: A lamp processing machine for separating glass, powder and metal lamp components placed within the machine. The machine may include two generally cylindrical, concentrically mounted screens and a tube concentrically mounted between the screens. The screens may be mounted within an enclosure having separate outlets for the powder, glass and metal.

Abstract: A ring roller mill for grinding mineral clinker materials and the like comprises at least one grinding ring, at least one roller and at least one air outlet opening within the outer circumference of the grinding ring and air inlet openings on each side of the air outlet opening in the rotating direction of the grinding ring. The location of the air inlet and outlet openings, and respectively, relative to each other ensure that substantially lower flow rates occur in the mill at a certain volume flow rate compared to hitherto known mills. At the same time a more stable operation of the mill is ensured.

Abstract: An apparatus for the mixing of toner and a material to form a toner mixture is provided. The apparatus includes a grinder having a grinding chamber within the grinder and a material adder for adding the material into the grinding chamber. The apparatus further includes a mixer for mixing the toner and the material within the grinding chamber to form the toner mixture.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for crushing material of different grain sizes, particularly an air-swept mill. From the method standpoint there is a regulation of the fluid feed flow in the vicinity of a blade ring and with adjustable reinforcing cladding segments, so that grinding material particle flows are moved in a flow envelope, particularly in a hyperboloid torus. From the apparatus standpoint, stationary and adjustable reinforcing cladding segments are arranged as a function of the grinding rollers rolling on a grinding pan. Using adjusting devices, acting on connecting areas of the reinforcing cladding segments, it is possible to bring about a horizontal or radial adjustment and/or an inclination adjustment of the reinforcing cladding segments for regulating the fluid feed flow from the outside and in continuous manner during a crushing process.

Abstract: A crushing machine is disclosed which comprises a casing, a coarsely crushing blade which crushes scrap into coarsely crushed pieces, and a finely crushing blade which crushes the coarsely crushed pieces into finely crushed pieces. The coarsely crushing blade and the finely crushing blade are rotatably disposed in the casing, and jetting holes are formed in the coarsely crushing blade to jet compressed air radially outward from the coarsely crushing blade. Also, the jetting holes are connected to a compressed air passageway which is formed in the rotary shaft of the coarsely crushing blade. In addition, a stationary jetting hole is formed in the wall of the casing to jet compressed air towards a gap between the coarsely crushing blade and the finely crushing blade.

Abstract: This invention utilizes the oscillation which is produced in a powder which is acted upon by an electrostatic field. The disperser accomplishes its task by electrically charging the powder in a high voltage DC filed or by contact with a charging electrode, this causes the powder to become polarized and repel or disperse into discrete particles. The passing of particles from one electrode toward a second of opposite polarity will place a charge on the particle which causes oscillation, dispersion and movement toward the second electrode. Additional dispersion of the powder takes place as the particles oscillate and impact against the electrodes during the decent through the apparatus. Particle oscillation is related to particle polarity changes that occur as the particles traverse through the system.

Abstract: An impact detacher with a centrifugal wheel and two or more centrifugal conduits which are enclosed by two or more impact rings, wherein the material to be ground is fed concentrically via a feed pipe and guided away again via an outer annular conduit. Each half of the impact ring is directed to two oppositely directed impact surfaces, wherein the impact detacher can comprise a common product discharge conduit. The centrifugal wheel comprises a guiding apparatus with a divided feed in the area of the product inlet, wherein a larger feed surface is assigned to the centrifugal conduit remote of the feed pipe.

Abstract: Apparatus for grinding particulate solid material in a substantially dry state, the apparatus comprising, means for introducing particulate solid material into a grinding chamber (4), a perforated base (8) of the grinding chamber (4) through which gas is introduced to provide an upward flow of gas passing through the particulate solid material and an impeller (42) rotating in the grinding chamber (4) to agitate the particulate solid material. The perforated base (8) has a central imperforate area (10) which causes the gas to pass preferentially through the region near the walls of the grinding chamber (4). In addition, a horizontal baffle plate (17) having a central opening (18) is positioned in the grinding chamber (4) at a height above the perforated base (8) which is not greater than one half of the transverse width of the grinding chamber (4).

Abstract: A method of recycling construction and demolition debris to produce an article suitable as a daily cover for a landfill is disclosed. The method generally comprises the steps of removing large pieces of metal from the debris, compacting the balance of the debris into small pieces, shredding the debris into smaller particles, separating the ferrous and optionally the non-ferrous metals from the debris utilizing the combination of magnetic, air and/or water separating systems, dewatering the shredded debris to produce a product suitable for use as a daily cover for a landfill.

Abstract: A trash shredding device (10) includes an annular drum (41) which carries vertically spaced segmented blade members (47) in tracks (48) formed therein. A paddle (44) rotates within the drum (41) with its radially outer end (46) being adjacent to the blade members (47). Trash is introduced at one axial end of the paddle (44) and is forced against the blade members (47). The trash shredded by this action is discharged from the device (10) at the outer axial end of the paddle (44). The average overall sharpness of the blade members (47) is maintained by placing a new blade member (47) in the first of the tracks (48) while at the same time removing the oldest of the blade members (47) from the last of the tracks (48).

Abstract: Chocolate is refined by so-called conching. This is carried out in a device whereby the mass is spread out in a thin film and exposed to the air. Among other things, the viscosity is reduced as a result. By subjecting the chocolate mass directly prior to the spreading in a thin film to high shear stresses, a further reduction in viscosity takes place. The invention provides a device wherein, directly preceding the spreading out in a film, the mass is subjected to high shear stresses by means of arranging radially directed pins on a drive shaft.

Abstract: There is described a method for direct fuel firing, particularly for plants such as hot water generators, etc., operating with a burner, a combustion chamber and a high-temperature exchanger, which comprises using a moist solid fuel, crushing said fuel upstream of said combustion chamber, and feeding directly therein, without lowering the water content thereof, the crushed fuel in the presence of a primary combustive fluid, and an equipment for the working of said method.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for the quantitative continuous feeding of iodine by inputting iodine into a hopper under sealed conditions, connecting the lower part of the hopper with a reactor under sealed conditions, having a valve to open and close the passage and installing a quantitative meter to determine the quantity of iodine and feed a constant quantity of iodine to the reactor.

Abstract: In a pulverizer of the type having, within a casing, a stator and a rotor to be rotated in the stator, both having large numbers of mutually confronting ridges or teeth with a gap therebetween, the gap is 1 mm or less, and the ridges of the stator are of sawtooth shape as viewed in cross section and have flanks forming troughs therebetween with an acute bottom dihedral angle of 45 to 60 degrees. At least one tier of a classification ring is provided around the inner wall surface of the stator to form flow-blocking barriers across some or all of the troughs thereby to prevent particles being pulverized from being swept through the troughs without being satisfactorily pulverized.