Abstract: A method for constructing a three-dimensional (3D) printer-printable wall system includes forming a concrete foundation on a substrate, where the concrete foundation embeds horizontal and vertical reinforcements. A first inner wythe horizontal layer and a first outer wythe horizontal layer are printed using a concrete mixture from a 3D printer. The first inner wythe horizontal layer and the first outer wythe horizontal layer are separated by an interstitial space. A first wall dam is placed between the first inner wythe horizontal layer and the first outer wythe horizontal layer in the interstitial space. Additional inner wythe horizontal layers are printed on top of the first inner wythe horizontal layer to form a composite inner wythe. Additional outer wythe horizontal layers are printed on top of the first outer wythe horizontal layer to form a composite outer wythe.

Abstract: A rod clamp assembly and method for securing a rod, for example, to secure and support concrete forms. The assembly includes a housing and a wedge member. The housing has pairs of oppositely-disposed sidewalls and oppositely-disposed endwalls. Each pair of sidewalls has a side passage that passes entirely through the housing, and the side passages of the pairs of sidewalls intersect each other to define an interior cavity within the housing. The pair of endwalls has an end passage that passes entirely through the housing and through the cavity within the housing to define an intersection with the cavity. The wedge member has a ramp feature at an end thereof, and a length that is sufficient so that the ramp feature enters the intersection between the side and end passages when the wedge member is inserted through the one of the side passages.

Abstract: One possible embodiment of the invention could be a system for creating forms used to make concrete structures comprising of plurality of panels, each panel having two or more sets of spaced-apart tie apertures; a plurality of ties, each tie forming a body between two ends, each end having a locking aperture, a plurality of L-shaped brackets with two flanges having a respective set of spaced-apart perforations; a plurality of locking mechanisms that attach to ties and connect L-shaped brackets together; wherein two or more ties are located between a pair of parallel and opposing panels, the ends of the ties protruding through respective tie apertures and perforations of L-shaped brackets located on the outside of the panels, the locking mechanisms engaging respective locking apertures to form an assembled pair of panels, the assembled pairs being connected together to create a form with a continuous cavity to receive plastic concrete.

Abstract: A tie rod (1) for joining opposite side sections (23a, 23b) of a casting formwork (21), the tie rod (1) being provided with a mid portion (3) and two rod end portions (5a, 5b) and there being formed, in the transitions between the mid portion (3) and either rod end portion (5a, 5b) at least one abutment surface (7) which is arranged to rest supportingly on an internal side surface (23c) of the side sections (23a, 23b), and the rod end portions (5a, 5b) including rests (9) for wedge devices (11) for securing the side sections (23a, 23b) of the casting formwork (21), and the tie rod (1) including a stem (2) of great tensile strength and a surrounding mantle (2a), the mid portion (3) and the mantle (2a) of the stem (2) being formed as a continuous structure, the stem (2), the mantle (2a) and mid portion (3) being formed of non-corrosive materials.

Abstract: A system is disclosed for securing a layer of insulation in place between two spaced apart wall forms while concrete is poured on both sides of the insulation layer.

Abstract: A fastening fitting is formed of a U-shaped fastening portion with a straight portion and a narrow mouth for holding a member therein, a linearly extending portion extending from the straight portion to be bent with respect to a plane including the U-shaped fastening portion with an angle between 80 and 130 degrees, a reinforcing member-tightening portion extending upwardly from an end of the linearly extending portion with an angle between 85 and 110 degrees with respect to the linearly extending portion, and a horizontally protruding portion protruding outwardly from the end of the linearly extending portion substantially parallel to the plane including the U-shaped fastening portion. The linearly extending portion, the reinforcing member-tightening portion and the horizontally protruding portion intersect at one point. The fastening fitting can be used easily together with molding frames and a separator.

Abstract: A system for insulating only the interior surface of a concrete wall to be poured between a pair of interior and exterior wall forms. The system includes horizontally extending elongated tie strips which connect to each of the wall forms to hold the wall forms spaced apart, a single layer of insulation positioned in contact with the interior wall form, and a plurality of connectors for securing the single layer of insulation to only the interior surface of the concrete wall. The connectors include an enlarged head portion which engages the insulation and a web portion of smaller cross section which extends through apertures in the insulation and into the space between the wall forms, the web portion including openings for the passage of concrete therethrough.

Abstract: A concrete form securing device includes two or more securing frames combined together, plural spacing bars, plural engaging members, and plural fixing boards as main components. The two securing frames are temporarily kept in place by a sustain bar and two or more annular clampers and then combined with the horizontal fixing boards and secured by the engaging members, the support boards, the cushion members, and the engaging members, and a pair of two securing frames are kept spaced apart by the spacing bars so as to form a space between two rows of the securing frames, and a concrete wall may be formed in the space, after the sustain bars and the annular clampers are removed.

Abstract: A new snap tie for the purpose of keeping snap ties in place during the forming process. The inventive device includes a snap tie which includes an elongated member with a conical shaped spacer fitted at about the center of the elongated member and a pair of wires embedded in the conical shaped spacer on opposite sides of the elongated member.

Abstract: A wedged preformed single strand tiewire assembling of plyform panels to I-beam stakes securing construction forms laterally, vertically and horizontally which are assembled aligned, plumb and level; the forms are comprised of flat, tapered steel wedges, tiewire with open-looped ends for receiving wedges at each end, I-beam steel stakes of varying lengths, and plyform-faced panels whereby the stakes and panels have holes through which the looped ends of tiewire are placed, and the stakes and panels are wedged together into an erect, assembled form preparatory to forming walls over foundation footings.

Abstract: A simple, environmentally benign building for on-site erection and fabrication is made of monolithic, architectural, structural walls, beams, girders, joists and panels of relatively high physical strength which exhibit great durability and resistance to fire, wind and seismic damage and which have highly desirable acoustic and thermal transfer characteristics. The wall is constructed by casting a core of flowable fibrous, foam-cement mix between two, thin panels of manufactured, exterior-grade fiberglass reinforced cement board. Particles and proteins from the core mix penetrate, migrate into and fill interstitial spaces in the cement board, forming a strong, continuous and homogenous bond between the fill material and the board itself. This imparts additional strength to the cement board by filling the interstitial voids, creating a solid, homogeneous wall. The wall, girder, etc.

Abstract: Apparatus for in situ attachment of insulation panels to poured concrete walls as the walls are formed. Preferably, polymeric F-shaped strips are attached to novel tie bars by transverse retainers, and receive the edges of insulation panels to hold them against the forms so that uncured concrete is poured between the forms and against the panels. After the concrete is cured, the forms are removed, leaving the insulation panels and the strips, the strips serving to receive dry wall fasteners.

Abstract: A wedge for use with tie rods in maintaining a predetermined spaced relation between opposed forms prior to and during the pouring of a concrete wall in the space between the forms incorporates a ramp portion which includes an elongated keyhole slot for receiving a tie rod therethrough, and the portions of the ramp bordering this slot are especially formed to reinforce them against deflection or collapse under the loading applied thereto from the head of a snap tie rod supported thereon and also to provide concave self centering capability and smooth surfaces to avoid nicking.

Abstract: A clamping device for clamping mold boards together includes a base, a bracket extended upward from the base, a space and a chamber formed in the bracket, a lever pivotally coupled between the wall members and having a number of teeth formed on the lower end. A cover is engaged on the bracket for covering the bracket and includes a slit formed in the upper surface for engagement with the lever.

Abstract: A prestressed concrete beam is made by first fitting the opposite ends of a group of reinforcing rods through respective holes in a pair of longitudinally spaced end plates having longitudinally confronting inner faces and opposite outer faces, then providing on each of the rods a head bearing longitudinally inward on the respective outer face, and then applying opposite outward traction to the end plates to tension the rods and filling around the rods and between the inner faces of the plates with a mass of concrete. The concrete mass is then cured and the traction on the end plates is released. Subsequently the heads of the rods are released from the plates and the plates are removed from the ends of the mass of cured concrete. The heads can be machined or burnt off, or the plate can be constructed to release them.

Abstract: A first metal bar having an upwardly extending flange; a second metal bar; a third angulated metal bar or strut; a first horizontal waler support plate; a second vertical form engaging plate extending downwardly from one end of the first horizontal waler support plate, a third vertical waler engaging plate extending upwardly from an opposite end of the first horizontal waler support plate; and, a rotatable cam lock device for engaging with a form tie which device is pivotally mounted to and beneath the first horizontal waler support plate such that the first metal bar is welded to the first horizontal waler support plate with its flange extended upward while that bar extends outward from the first horizontal waler support plate and such that the second metal bar is welded to the second vertical form engaging plate and extends downwardly therefrom, and such that the third angulated metal bar or strut is welded at one end thereof adjacent to an outer end of the first metal bar and is welded at an opposite end t

Abstract: A snap tie for use in maintaining a predetermined spaced relation between opposed forms prior to and during the pouring of a concrete wall therebetween comprises a steel rod of predetermined uniform cylindrical section having at each end an integrally formed head of substantially larger cross sectional dimensions. The rod also includes a portion interconnecting the inner side of each head with the remainder of the rod which has cross sectional dimensions intermediate those of the heads and of the remainder of the rod.

Abstract: The invention relates to shuttering elements for use in building construction. The shuttering elements are of a synthetic plastics material and define a rectangular shuttering wall, peripheral side walls and engagement and locking formations whereby a plurality of similar shuttering elements can engage one another and be locked in their engaged configuration, to form an extended shuttering wall of a shuttering structure. A complete shuttering structure defining a building structure to be constructed can then be erected by placing engaged shuttering elements in an opposing configuration, link rods providing for opposing walls of the shuttering structure to be engaged. A shuttering structure so formed can then be filled with a settable material in order to form the required building structure.

Abstract: A form tie lock is provided which is releasably locked in an open position and swings over center to a closed position. A ramp is provided on an opening through which a form tie loop extends in order to compensate for any deflection of the claw of the form tie lock due to pressure exerted thereon by the form tie so that the lock will swing past the opening into locked position. Suitable recesses and detents are provided for mounting the lock on walers or other mounting surfaces. Also an arcuate reinforcing rib is provided on the plate to minimize bending or fracture thereof.

Abstract: A concrete form tie assembly in which the tie rod is formed from a high tensile strength flexible wire member, with the sleeve being formed of a flexible or yieldable material. A short sleeve member is inserted into the spacer sleeve adjacent one end with washer members on opposite ends thereof for retaining on the tie rod member which is provided with spaced protrusions for coaction with the wash members, the tube and washer assembly serving to rigidify the assembly for assisting in insertion and removal of the tie rod and sleeve as a unit. The leading end of the tube and washer assembly may be provided with a conical end to act as a guide. The ends of the tie rod member are enlarged, such as by welding head members thereto, the head members being configured for coaction with conventional hairpin or snap tie wedge members.

Abstract: Concrete form systems and hardware components thereof wherein the inner and outer walls are composed of abutting, side-by-side plywood sheets and are tied together by wall ties and stud-bearing plates, wherein the improvements reside in: metal straps serving as inside and outside corner braces with right angled legs having specially spaced, transverse, tie-rod-receiving slots in one longitudinal edge of each leg; rectangular plates having a center hole and two studs projecting from its inner face on opposite sides of the hole, said plate having longitudinal, flange edges or lips forming the sides of a trough in the outer face; flat, metal straps for securing filler strips between plywood panels, which straps have specially spaced, transverse, tie-rod-receiving slots in one longitudinal edge; and hingedly connected, rectangular panels forming a right angle corner for the outside wall, said panels being foldable to a shipping and storing position in which the panels are in overlying, substantial face-to-face pa

Abstract: A tie assembly for use in removably supporting plywood sheets or other wall defining materials in fixed spaced relationship to define a form into which concrete may be poured to form a portion of a structure. The tie assembly so operates that portions thereof not embedded in the concrete may be removed for future use after the concrete has set. The plywood sheets after removal and recovery of the outwardly disposed portions of the assembly may be separated from the set concrete wall. The tie assembly is adapted for use with forms defined by new plywood sheets, or forms in which previously used plywood sheets are employed that have bolt holes of relatively large diameter therein.

Abstract: Apparatus for tying together concrete form panels includes an elongated tie and means attachable to a concrete form panel for clamping the tie to restrain relative movement between the tie and the form panel. The tie has end portions of a first transverse dimension and adjacent longitudinally inward portions of a second and smaller transverse dimension with a longitudinally outwardly sloped surface extending between each such inward portion and its adjacent end portion. The tie end portions may be either integral with the rest of the tie, or separate threaded members. The clamping means includes at least one member movable between a clamping position receiving the tie and a nonclamping position away from the tie. This clamping member has a recess for matingly receiving the longitudinally inward portion of the tie, and the portions of the clamping member adjacent the recess and distal the form panel engage the sloped surface of the tie when the clamping member is moved into the clamping position.

Abstract: A headless form tie rod and associated fastener that contacts the form tie at two spaced points. The tie rod provides a cylindrical body with plural spaced areas protruding in one dimension and flattened in the other dimension. The principal fastening structure provides a wedge type device that releasably fastens the rod in a form structure at two spaced points. A species of fastener provides releasable fastening by means of a pivotable lever. Spacing washers releasably positionable on the form ties maintain forms in spaced relationship.

Abstract: A concrete wall form structure of the type having a pair of aligned contiguous pre-fabricated panel units disposed in an edged-edged, upstanding relationship. Each panel unit has one of its marginal frame members abutting an adjacent marginal frame member of the panel unit. The panel unit edges have a plurality of aligned apertures in each of the abutting frame members whereby at least two apertures of abutting frame members are aligned and receive an elongated bolt. One of the panel units slidably carries the bolt so that it is movable between a retracted rear position wherein the bolt is moved within the confines of that one panel unit and an advanced forward position wherein the forward end of the bolt is projected through both apertures of the adjacent frame members and within the confines of the other panel unit.

Abstract: A clamping lock is provided for use with a looped tie in a form for settable casting compositions, such as concrete, which lock is provided with protrusions on each of a pair of clamping members to fit into aligned connector slots of a pair of rails of adjacent panels of the form to properly position and firmly secure the lock to the form. The securing of the clamping members on the rails also holds adjacent panels of the form together. The rails are provided with tie notches which when panels are placed side by side and properly aligned the tie notches form tie slots through which a tie having loops at each end can be extended between panels of opposing sides or walls of the form structure. A tie opening is formed in the clamping lock through which the loop of a tie is adapted to extend. An anchor lock having a tapered arm is mounted on the clamping lock so that its arm can enter into a tie loop extending through the tie opening to secure the tie to the clamping lock and to tension the tie.

Abstract: A top rail tie bracket for concrete forms for eliminating the usual additional wooden rail required across the top of the top rail of the form for bracing the wedging element of the top snap tie rod. A reusable T-shaped bracket is provided, one leg of which abuts the top rail and the other leg serves as a back-up support to overcome the tensioning action of the wedge on the top snap tie rod. This eliminates the necessity of the additional top rail.

Abstract: A back side plate and a front side plate having a screw type wall tie passing therethrough maintain a strongback or waler therebetween by connecting tension stud bolts with a panel or wall form attached to a shelf portion of the back side plate with adjustments made through a housing and a keeper in conjunction with a nut which can be turned on the screw type wall tie.

Abstract: A concrete form holding and spacing apparatus is provided for opposed banks of form sheathing panels having backing studs, and includes reglet runners bearing against the runner faces of the panel backs and held apart by spacer rods which detachably interlock with at least one of the respective runners. Clamping means detachably connect to the runners and extend through seams or openings in the panel banks and between pairs of the backing studs to receive clamping cams or wedges.

Abstract: There is provided an improved clamping lock for tie rod ends in form structures for settable casting compositions, e.g., concrete casting forms, which lock is characterized by means for attaching it to the form structure, and a pair of jaws shaped for mating coaction with the outer end of a tie rod end whereby relative axial movement of the lock with respect to the tie rod end is prevented and the form structure is correspondingly held against movement toward or away from an opposite form structure.

Abstract: A back side plate and a front side plate having a screw type wall tie passing therethrough maintain a strongback or waler therebetween by connecting tension stud bolts with a panel or wall form attached to a shelf portion of the back side plate with adjustments made through a housing and a keeper in conjunction with a nut which can be turned on the screw type wall tie.

Abstract: A bracket is provided including first and second elongated upper horizontal and lower upstanding flanges joined at adjacent inner and upper ends. The outer end of the first horizontal flange terminates in an upstanding waler retaining flange and the upper end of the waler retaining flanges terminates in an outwardly directed horizontal extension flange. The second upstanding flange is provided with an opening formed therethrough closely below the horizontal flange and rod tensioning structure is supported from the waler retaining flange on the outer side thereof for engaging and tensioning a rod projecting through the opening.

Abstract: Apparatus for tying together concrete form panels includes an elongated tie and means attachable to a concrete form panel for anchoring the tie to restrain relative movement between the tie and the form panel. Means are provided both to facilitate engagement and release of the tie by the clamping member and to compensate for misalignment between the tie and the form panel and between opposing form panels.

Abstract: An article of manufacture for fixing the sides of a form with respect to each other is disclosed, which article consists of a unitary elongated metal member of generally Z-shape configuration having generally parallel end portions joined by an intermediate diagonal portion. Specific structural features of the article are described which provide improved resistance to vertical and horizontal shear forces acting on the form sides in addition to resisting transverse forces which tend to move the form sides toward or away from each other.

Abstract: A concrete form assembly comprises spaced apart form members that are retained in position during concrete pouring by an arrangement that includes spacer elements, plastic tie rods, and anchors. The anchors are on the outsides of the forms and grip the tie rods. Each anchor comprises a tapered jaw cluster in a tapered shell so arranged that outward forces applied to the forms due to concrete being poured therebetween increases the grip of the anchors on the tie rods to retain the forms at the established spacing.

Abstract: A waler brace or bracket is provided to be used for either a 3000-lb. forming system or a 5000-lb. forming system by accommodating either one 2.times.4 horizontal waler or a vertical stud in addition to a horizontal waler. The brace or bracket may be constructed so as to utilize a conventional sliding wedge lock or a conventional pivoted wedge lock and includes a base flange for abutting against the associated concrete form wall and a remote waler retaining flange adjustably shiftable for positioning at two different distances from the base flange. A first form of waler brace includes a slidably mounted waler retaining flange and a second form of the invention includes a pivoted waler retaining flange.

Abstract: There is provided an improved clamping lock for tie rod ends in form structures for settable casting compositions, e.g., concrete casting forms, which lock is characterized by means for attaching it to the form structure, and a pair of jaws shaped for mating coaction with the outer end of a tie rod end whereby relative axial movement of the lock with respect to the tie rod end is prevented and the form structure is correspondingly held against movement toward or away from an opposite form structure.