Abstract: A method for authenticating a food package holding a food product can include receiving sample image data depicting the food package, identifying a sample print feature sub-set of the food package, identifying a sample geometric feature sub-set of the food package, generating a sample feature set based on the sample print feature sub-set and the sample geometric feature sub-set, receiving a reference feature set, wherein the reference feature set is generated based on a reference print feature sub-set and a reference geometric feature sub-set identified in reference image data, wherein the reference image data is captured in a food packaging system arranged to produce food packages, comparing the sample feature set and the reference feature set, and in case of match, providing an indication that the food package is authentic.

Abstract: A method for provision image recordings in a vehicle. The method include: ascertaining a first image recording of a first image sensor of the vehicle and at least one further image recording of at least one further image sensor of the vehicle; carrying out a merging of the first image recording and the at least one further image recording for a reduction of an amount of data for providing the relevant information, the merging taking place based on a selection from the surrounding regions, whereby at least one merged image recording is obtained; initiating at least one transmission of the merged image recording within the vehicle and at least to a central control device of the vehicle, whereby the merged image recording is supplied to a processing for performing the vehicle function.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a charged-particle measurement apparatus comprising: a plurality of gas detectors in each of which gas for detecting passage of a charged particle is enclosed; a trajectory calculator configured to calculate a trajectory of the charged particle based on detection signals outputted from the gas detectors and each of the parameters associated with the gas detectors; a measurer configured to measure an object based on the trajectory of the charged particle, the object being a measurement target; a signal intensity acquirer configured to acquire signal intensity of the detection signals; an operating state monitor configured to evaluate the operating states of the gas detectors based on the signal intensity corresponding to the gas detectors; and a parameter updating processor configured to update at least one parameter when at least one of the operating states of the gas detectors associated with this parameter changes.

Abstract: An analytical device including an optically opaque cladding, a sequencing layer including a substrate disposed below the cladding, and a waveguide assembly for receiving optical illumination and introducing illumination into the device. The illumination may be received from a top, a side edge, and a bottom of the device. The waveguide assembly may include a nanoscale aperture disposed in the substrate and extending through the cladding. The aperture defines a reaction cell for receiving a set of reactants. In various aspects, the device includes a sensor element and the illumination pathway is through the sensor element. Waveguides and illumination devices, such as plasmonic illumination devices, are also disclosed. Methods for forming and operating the devices are also disclosed.

Abstract: An advanced driver assistance system (ADAS) configured to assist a driver in low visibility conditions. The ADAS controls operation of one or more automotive systems including an external lighting system, an automotive user interface, and an automotive cruise control system based on the visibility in front of the vehicle. The ADAS system visually assists the driver via an automotive user interface by displaying a streaming video of one or more first front cameras configured to operate in a spectrum visible to the human eye, one or more second cameras configured to operate in a spectrum invisible to the human eye, or a virtual depiction of an environment in front of or surrounding the motor vehicle based on information from an automotive sensory system.

Abstract: An imaging apparatus includes an imaging optical system that has a light transmission characteristic of transmitting near-infrared light in a near-infrared light wavelength range including 1550 nm, and an imaging sensor that outputs an imaging signal by imaging the near-infrared light transmitted through the imaging optical system, the imaging sensor has sensitivity to heat radiation from a subject, and the imaging signal includes information regarding a heat radiation image by the heat radiation.

Abstract: A device, as disclosed, may be suitable for use with a tomographic imager comprising an X-ray source and a plane detector that are movable in rotation. The device (e.g., radiopaque device) includes a registration phantom that includes several radiopaque markers and that is placeable along a part of the spine of a patient at a predetermined distance from a volume of interest to be imaged. Several radiopaque screens, integral with the registration phantom, include a lower face, an internal face oriented toward the registration phantom, and an external face oriented toward the X-ray source (410), respectively towards the detector. The radiopaque device is configured so that, when it is placed on the back of a patient, at least part of the X-rays that pass from the X-ray source to the plane detector through the registration phantom see their intensity attenuated by passing through the radiopaque screens.

Abstract: An ionizing system includes a flange device for connection to a mass spectrometer or ion mobility spectrometer having the property of providing a barrier between the lower pressure region of the spectrometer and a higher pressure region substantially at atmospheric pressure, and a channel therethrough providing fluid communication between the higher and lower pressure regions. A plate device independent of the flange device which can accommodate multiple samples, such as a sample plate device, when placed over the channel in the flange device substantially seals the channel Sliding the sample plate device while in intimate contact with the flange device provides a means to sequentially and rapidly expose said samples to the opening of the channel and thus the lower pressure region. Samples are ionized when exposed to the lower pressure region in as little as one sample per second using multiple ionization methods.

Abstract: A method for identifying a microorganism to be identified, which includes the following steps: obtaining an Excitation-Emission EEM of the microorganism to be identified, analysing the main components of the EEM matrix using at least one reference EEMr matrix, projecting the result of the analysis onto a plane defined by two main components, and identifying the microorganism to be identified.

Abstract: A device may obtain a master beta coefficient of a master calibration model associated with a master instrument. The master beta coefficient may be at a grid of a target instrument. The device may perform constrained optimization of an objective function, in accordance with a set of constraints, in order to determine a pair of transferred beta coefficients. The constrained optimization may be performed based on an initial pair of transferred beta coefficients, the master beta coefficient, and spectra associated with a scouting set. The device may determine, based on the pair of transferred beta coefficients, a transferred beta coefficient. The device may determine a final transferred beta coefficient based on a set of transferred beta coefficients including the transferred beta coefficient. The final transferred beta coefficient may be associated with generating a transferred calibration model, corresponding to the master calibration model, for use by the target instrument.

Abstract: The present application discloses a tomosynthesis system and method that combines high dose gain maps directly, or high-resolution components of high dose gain maps, with low resolution components of low dose gain maps at a plurality of imaging parameters, to produce high quality gain map efficiently at the plurality of imaging parameters, to perform gain corrections to x-ray images.

Abstract: Techniques for facilitating readout addressing verification systems and methods are provided. In one example, an imaging device includes a focal plane array (FPA). The FPA includes a detector array. The detector array includes detectors. Each detector is configured to detect electromagnetic radiation. The FPA further includes a readout circuit configured to perform a readout to obtain image data from each of the detectors. The imaging device further includes a processing circuit. The processing circuit is configured to apply, to the FPA, a plurality of control signals associated with a readout of a subset of the detectors. The processing circuit is further configured to generate a verification value based on the plurality of control signals. The processing circuit is further configured to perform a verification of the plurality of control signals based at least on the verification value. Related methods and systems are also provided.

Abstract: A method of detecting product defects obtains an image of a product and sets a region of interest (ROI) of the image. A first contour of a first target object is detected in the region of interest. The image is detected according to the first contour to obtain a corrected image. A position difference between the first contour and a second target object in the region of interest is obtained. A second contour of the second target object is detected in the corrected image according to the position difference. A first image area corresponding to the first contour and a second image area corresponding to the second contour are segmented and input into an autoencoder. According to outputs of the autoencoder, whether the product is defective is determined. A detection result of the product is output. The method can detect defects on products quickly and accurately.

Abstract: During operation, an electronic device may receive, from a second electronic device, information that specifies or that corresponds to one or more distortions, where the one or more distortions are associated with measurements of a physical parameter that are performed by a sensor in the second electronic device. Then, the electronic device may determine, based at least in part on the information, the one or more distortions. Moreover, the electronic device may compare the determined one or more distortions with historical values of the one or more distortions. Note that the historical values of the one or more distortions may be specified by or may correspond to historical information that is received from one or more third electronic devices. Next, based at least in part on the comparison, the electronic device may selectively authenticate an individual associated with the second electronic device.

Abstract: A method of measuring blood oxygenation consists of measuring Sp02 on one or more test subjects using a first, reference pulse oximetry device (100), such as a medical- grade pulse-oximeter of the kind that employs, for example, a finger-tip clip-type probe. This can be done on each patient over relatively short time periods. Then, the Sp02 is monitored on a target subject across a relatively longer time period using a second, wearable pulse oximetry device (10) that can be worn non-intrusively by the target use, for example in the form of a bracelet. The Sp02 measured using the wearable pulse oximetry device (10), can be measured based on calibration measurements performed using the first, reference pulse oximetry device (100). In this way, the measurements produced by the wearable pulse oximetry device (10) are calibrated using a medical-grade pulse- oximeter (100).

Abstract: A spectral measurement device to detect measurement light including light emitted from a measurement object and to measure spectral characteristic of the light, including: a spectral optical system to disperse the measurement light; a detection unit to detect intensity of light dispersed by the spectral optical system; a spectral characteristic acquisition unit to acquire a measurement light spectral characteristic indicating a relationship between a light intensity and a wavelength of the measurement light on a basis of a detection result; a storage unit to store spectral characteristic information on possible background light, the information indicating a spectral characteristic of the possible background light, which involves a spectral sensitivity characteristic of the detection unit; and a processing unit to obtain a spectral characteristic of background light emitted from the ambience of the measurement object, from the measurement light spectral characteristic and the spectral characteristic informatio

Abstract: Systems and methods for calibrating a LiDAR device are disclosed. According to one embodiment, the system comprises a LiDAR device, a continuous curved target at a fixed distance from the LiDAR device, and a calibration controller operable to perform a reflectance over range calibration of the LiDAR device. The LiDAR device scans portions of the continuous curved target at different ranges during the calibration.

Abstract: An electronic device protection unit is provided. The electronic device protection unit includes a sensing part, a responding part, and an analysis and control part. The sensing part is configured to detect an incident ray which is electromagnetic wave or radiation with potential to cause destruction (damage), failure, or malfunction of an electronic device. The responding part is configured to be able to perform a plurality of behaviors to protect the electronic device. The analysis and control part is configured to control the behaviors of the responding part in response to a type of the incident ray detected by the sensing part.

Abstract: According to a first aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of measuring the optical reflectance R of a target using a detection system comprising a light emitter and a light detector spaced apart from one another. The method comprises illuminating the target with the light emitter, detecting light reflected from the target using the light detector, wherein the light detector provides an electrical output signal SS indicative of the intensity of the detected light, and determining the optical reflectance R of the target according to (Formula 1), where RR is the spectral reflectance of a reference standard, SR is the detector electrical output signal with the reference standard in place, SH is the detector electrical output signal with no target in front of the light emitter and light detector, and M is a calibration factor.

Abstract: An isotropic neutron detector includes a spherical secondary particle radiator component and a plurality of stacked semiconductor detectors. A first semiconductor detector is coupled to at least a portion of the spherical secondary particle radiator component, forming a portion of a first concentric shell thereover. A second semiconductor detector coupled to at least a portion of the first semiconductor detector, forming a portion of a second concentric shell thereover.

Abstract: Generating a robust radiotherapy treatment plan for a treatment volume, defined using a plurality of voxels, of a subject. A first and at least one second image of the treatment volume are received. A distribution of mapped doses in the first image is generated by mapping a dose defined in the at least one second image to the first image using image registration. An optimization problem is defined using at least one optimization function for a total dose, related to the radiotherapy treatment. At least one optimization function value is calculated based on at least two mapped doses in the distribution of mapped doses in the first image. A radiotherapy treatment plan is generated by optimizing the at least one optimization function value evaluated by taking into account the at least two mapped doses in the distribution of mapped doses.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a thermocouple wafer calibration system including: a main body portion composed of a chamber forming a sealed space, and a support installed a lower edge of the chamber and supporting the chamber to be spaced apart from the ground; a thermocouple wafer composed of a plate installed to be horizontal inside the sealed space of the chamber, and a first thermocouple unit attached to a upper surface of the plate so as to form a plurality of first measurement contact points; a calibration portion provided with a second thermocouple unit penetrating the chamber in a space where the chamber spaced from the ground, then partially accommodated inside the sealed space, and calibrated to form a plurality of second measurement contact points in contact with a lower surface of the plate at a position corresponding to each of the first measurement contact points; a temperature measurement portion partially accommodated inside the sealed space of the chamber and measuring a temperature of th

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a multi-parameter calibration system for a spectrometer based on a nanosecond light source, including a main channel for outputting nuclear pulse signals, and a coincidence channel for outputting the nuclear pulse signals. Each channel uses current nuclear pulse signals to drive a light-emitting diode (LED) to emit nuclear pulse optical signals, and a simulated scintillator is irradiated to emit nanosecond nuclear pulse optical signals. The present disclosure can respectively test and calibrate multiple parameter performance indexes of the spectrometer throughput baseline restoration spectrometer. The stability of the spectrometer is tested and calibrated through output of certain regular nuclear pulse signals.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method of calibrating gamma-ray and photon counting detectors, including, but not limited to, monolithic crystal detectors. The method of the present invention is based on the observation that measurement of fan beam datasets allows the synthesis of collimated beam data to derive MDRFs by use of an algorithm that finds the common or intersecting data subsets of two or more orthogonal calibration datasets. This makes the calibration process very efficient while still allowing the full benefits of maximum-likelihood event-parameter estimation that incorporates the statistical nature of the light sensor measurements.

Abstract: A device for measuring a mass flow rate of a multiphase flow based on ray coincidence measurement includes a support frame and a plurality of ray detection assemblies. The support frame includes a central through hole and an outer wall, and the central through hole is configured to receive a fluid pipe. The plurality of ray detection assemblies is distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer wall and is perpendicular to the axis of the central through hole. The plurality of ray detection assemblies each includes a scintillation crystal and a detector, and the scintillation crystal is disposed between the outer wall and the detector.

Abstract: A multispectral imaging apparatus includes an irradiation source having multiple narrowband irradiators in a first range of wavelengths from the ultraviolet (UV) regime to the short wavelength infrared (SWIR) regime. A first camera acquires UV-SWIR imagery in a first field of view and in the first range of wavelengths. A second camera acquires LWIR imagery in the first field of view and in the long wavelength infrared (LWIR) regime. The second camera continually acquires the LWIR imagery while the first camera and the irradiation source are periodically activated to acquire the UV-SWIR imagery.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for optical processing. According to some aspects an apparatus may include a pixelated photodiode array (PDA), wherein each pixel in the PDA includes a radiation detector. The optical processing apparatus may also include a memory that stores one or more characteristics for each pixel in the PDA, and a read out integrated circuit (ROIC) communicatively coupled to the FPA and the memory. In some aspects, the ROIC reads from the memory the one or more characteristics for each pixel in the PDA, and adjusts an arm/disarm bias voltage for each pixel in the PDA based on the one or more characteristics of each pixel.

Abstract: A miniature electrode apparatus is disclosed for trapping charged particles, the apparatus includes, along a longitudinal direction, a first end cap electrode, a central electrode having an aperture, and a second end cap electrode. The aperture is elongated in the lateral plane and extends through the central electrode along the longitudinal direction and the central electrode surrounds the aperture in a lateral plane perpendicular to the longitudinal direction to define a transverse cavity for trapping charged particles. Electric fields can be applied in a y-direction of the lateral plane across one or more planes perpendicular to the longitudinal axis to translocate and/or manipulate ion trajectories.

Abstract: A method of gain calibration for an ion detector operating at a detector voltage is described. The method includes steps of: generating single ions; determining a parameter of a first relationship between a detector output of an ion detector and a number of ions for a first detector voltage; detecting an ion peak at the ion detector using the first detector voltage; adjusting the detector voltage; and determining a parameter of a second relationship between the detector output and the number of ions for the second detector voltage. A system including a mass spectrometer arrangement and a controller configured to operate the mass spectrometer arrangement in accordance with this method is also described.

Abstract: A method for calibrating at least one analytic device with repeated hardware components is disclosed and comprises providing at least one calibrator sample i having a known target value of a concentration of at least one analyte; at least one measuring step, wherein the measuring step comprises conducting at least one measurement on the calibrator sample using the analytic device, wherein at least one detector signal sijk is acquired; at least one calibration step, wherein a relationship between the detector signal and the concentration of the analyte and/or between the detector signal and a theoretical signal value is determined, wherein the calibration step comprises providing at least one parametrized function; determining calibration values by conducting a calibration based on the parametrized function; and determining an analysis function on basis of an inverse of the parametrized function and the determined calibration values.

Abstract: A diode (11) is provided on a substrate (1) and thermally insulated from the substrate (1). A positive feedback circuit (18) provides a positive feedback loop so that when a current of the diode (11) decreases due to a change in temperature of the diode (11), the positive feedback circuit (18) further decreases the current of the diode (11), and when the current of the diode (11) increases, the positive feedback circuit (18) further increases the current of the diode (11).

Abstract: The disclosure herein relates to systems, methods, and devices for medical image analysis, diagnosis, risk stratification, decision making and/or disease tracking. In some embodiments, the systems, devices, and methods described herein are configured to analyze non-invasive medical images of a subject to automatically and/or dynamically identify one or more features, such as plaque and vessels, and/or derive one or more quantified plaque parameters, such as radiodensity, radiodensity composition, volume, radiodensity heterogeneity, geometry, location, and/or the like. In some embodiments, the systems, devices, and methods described herein are further configured to generate one or more assessments of plaque-based diseases from raw medical images using one or more of the identified features and/or quantified parameters.

Abstract: An embodiment provides method for controlling lamp output within an array of lamps, including: receiving sensor data corresponding to one of a plurality of lamps within the array, wherein the sensor data comprises an irradiance value from at least one of: within a lamp sleeve and an irradiance value from outside a lamp sleeve; identifying, based the sensor data, a change in an output of the one of the plurality of lamps; sharing the sensor data with other of the plurality of lamps within the array; and adjusting, in response to the sharing, an output of at least one of the other of the plurality of lamps within the array, thereby compensating for the change in the output of one of the plurality of lamps. Other aspects are described and claimed.

Abstract: A mass spectrometer includes an ionization unit, a mass separation unit, a detection unit, a first measurement control unit configured to control the ionization unit to repeatedly execute a first measurement on a target sample while changing values of a plurality of parameters defined as device parameters, a second measurement control unit configured to control the ionization unit to set a value of each of the plurality of parameters to a predetermined reference value and execute a second measurement on the target sample at two or more time points before, after, or in a middle of repetition of the first measurement, a correction processing unit configured to correct results of the first measurements using results of the second measurements, and a device parameter-related information acquisition unit configured to determine the plurality of parameters using the corrected measurement results or acquire reference information for determining the plurality of parameters.

Abstract: A device for radioactivity counting and characterization for a solution. The device includes a container having at least two recesses, a first recess for receiving a vial and a second recess for receiving a radioactivity sensor, a radioactivity sensor having a semiconductor sensor presenting a cone of detection directed to the first recess of the container for receiving a vial, a removable closure element, an armored cover around the container and its upper face, the upper face of the armored cover having an opening for introducing the vial into the container and a plate for supporting the device.

Abstract: A method including: manufacturing a standard transmission object; simulating a transmission measurement process using simulation calculation method, to establish a database with respect to a transmission thickness, an equivalent water density, an original reconstruction density of the standard transmission object, a space angle cosine of the transmission source and an energy of a ? ray, fitting a corresponding relationship of the space angle cosine of the transmission source with respect to parameters of the standard transmission object and the energy of the ? ray based on the database; selecting a corresponding standard transmission object for transmission measurement for a transmission source to be characterized, to obtain an original reconstruction density of the standard transmission object; reading the space angle cosine of the transmission source to be characterized from the database according to fitted corresponding relationship of known parameters of the standard transmission object and the energy of

Abstract: A method for generating a response function of a scintillator to incident gamma rays of energy within a range of energies of interest, the method including: obtaining the responses {Si} of the scintillator to a plurality of known radionuclides i (i=1, . . . N), each radionuclide i emitting gamma rays with known energetic properties (Eij, Yij), decomposing, for each radionuclide i, response Si into primary responses of the scintillator Sij=ƒ(?ij, Yij, Xij), each primary response corresponding to the response of the scintillator to a received gamma ray of a known energy Eij for this radionuclide i, deriving from the primary responses {Sij} the response function ƒ(?, X) of the scintillator to an incident gamma ray of any energy E within the range of energies of interest.

Abstract: Disclosed is a calibration object for an x-ray system and an optical system, the calibration object comprising: a first part made of a first material having a matte surface, the first material having a first attenuation coefficient of x-rays; a second part made of a second material having a second attenuation coefficient of x-rays different from the attenuation coefficient of the first material; wherein the first part is attached to the second part so that one or more features are detectable by one or more optical cameras.

Abstract: An optical sensor includes at least one photodetector configured to be reverse biased at a voltage exceeding a breakdown voltage by an excess bias voltage. At least one control unit is configured to adjust the reverse bias of the at least one photodetector. A method of operating an optical sensor is also disclosed.

Abstract: Test procedures and equipment for the test and calibration of ultra-small thermal imaging cores, or micro-cores are disclosed. Test fixtures for calibration and adjustment that allow for operation and image acquisition of multiple cores at a time may also be provided. Test procedures and fixtures that allow for full temperature calibration of each individual core, as well as providing data useful for uniformity correction during operation, may also be provided as part of the test and manufacture of the core.

Abstract: A method and a system for providing calibration for a photon counting detector forward model for material decomposition. The flux independent weighted bin response function is estimated using the expectation maximization method, and then used to estimate the pileup correction terms at each tube voltage setting for each detector pixel.

Abstract: A method for vicarious spatial characterization of a remote sensor system. The method includes detecting, via the remote sensor system, radiation reflected from at least one body of water corresponding to a plurality of point reflector images, selecting a set of point reflector images from the plurality of point reflector images, the selected set of point reflector images corresponding to sub-pixel point reflector images, analyzing the selected set of point reflector images by executing an algorithm for fitting the point reflector images to obtain a point spread function of the remote sensor system, and determining a spatial characteristic of the remote sensor system based on the point spread function.

Abstract: A method includes imaging a first graybody with a focal plane array (FPA), wherein the first graybody has a first emissivity, and imaging a second graybody having a lower emissivity than the first graybody. The method includes using data captured while imaging the first and second graybodies to perform non-uniformity correction (NUC) of the FPA.

Abstract: A method for determining an amount of a Raman-invisible gas in a multi-component gas stream includes performing a first and second absolute Raman analysis on the gas stream. A decrease in the absolute Raman bands from the first analysis to the second analysis is attributed to an increase of the Raman-invisible gas in the gas stream. The amount of the Raman-invisible gas is calculated from the difference between the first and second sets of Raman bands. The calculation of the Raman-invisible gas is verified via a measurement and a calculation of a secondary property of the gas stream such as the thermal conductivity of the gas stream or the density of the gas stream.

Abstract: A neutron detector having high sensitivity of detection for low energy neutrons is provided. The neutron detector 10 includes a detecting element including a Si semiconductor layer 2, a first electrode 1 formed on one main surface of the Si semiconductor layer 2 and a second electrode 4 formed on the other main surface of the Si semiconductor layer 2, in which the Si semiconductor layer 2 includes a P-type impurity region 2a in contact with the second electrode 4 and an N-type impurity region 2b in contact with the first electrode 1; and a radiator 8 arranged to face the first electrode 1. In addition, a personal dosemeter and a neutron fluence monitor including the same are provided.

Abstract: An ion implantation system comprising: a sample platform; an ion gun; an electrostatic linear accelerator; a direct current (DC) final energy magnet (FEM); and a processor. The processor is programmed to control: a wafer acceptance test instrument, a DC recipe calculator, a DC real energy calculator, and a tool energy shift verifier. The wafer acceptance test instrument is configured to apply a wafer acceptance test (WAT) recipe to a test sample on the sample platform. The DC recipe calculator is configured to calculate a recipe for the DC FEM. The DC real energy calculator is configured to calculate a real energy of the DC FEM. The tool energy shift verifier is configured to verify a tool energy shift of the DC FEM. The ion implantation system is configured to tune the DC FEM based on the verified tool energy shift, and obtain a peak magnetic field of the DC FEM.

Abstract: Systems and methods are described for reducing lab-to-lab and/or instrument-to-instrument variability of Multi-Attribute Methods (MAM) analyses via run-time signal intensity calibration. In various aspects, multiple MAM-based instruments each have detectors and different instrument conditions defined by different instrument models or sets of settings. Each MAM-based instrument receives respective samples and a reference standard as a calibrant. Each MAM-based instrument detects, via its detector, sample isoforms of its respective sample and reference standard isoforms of the reference standard. The MAM-based instruments are associated with processor(s) that determine, via respective MAM iterations, correction factors and sample abundance values corresponding to the sample isoforms. The correction factors are based on the reference standard, and the sample abundance values are based on the correction factors.

Abstract: An image calibration method includes capturing and correcting a flood field image for background signal and effects of known image-panel features (dead/bad pixels). The corrected image is processed to separate frequencies characteristic of relative pixel sensitivities from frequencies characteristic of radiation energy fluence. The incident energy fluence has a known maximum in-field energy fluence gradient. A model that describes the incident energy fluence on a detector is generated or received. The corrected image may be modeled at frequencies at or below the maximum in-field energy fluence gradient. A pixel sensitivity matrix (PSM) is generated by adjusting the corrected image with the model of the incident energy fluence on the detector. For example, the corrected image signal may be divided by the model or the model may be subtracted from the corrected image. The PSM may be used to correct additional raw images captured by the detector.

Abstract: An additive manufacturing system for extraction of impurities in additive manufacturing material, the system including an additive manufacturing machine for manufacturing a part using additive manufacturing material. The system may additionally include a conductive plate adjacent to the additive manufacturing material. The system can further include an energy source for distributing an electric charge through the conductive plate adjacent to the additive manufacturing material. Distributing the electric charge through the conductive plate can attract impurities from the additive manufacturing material to the conductive plate.

Abstract: A measurement device that comprises a photoelectric conversion element and a signal processing part that receives, from the photoelectric conversion element, detected pulses that include dark pulses and signal pulses that are outputted in accordance with inputted photons. The signal processing part performs amplitude discrimination on the detected pulses on the basis of a pre-acquired dark pulse amplitude distribution for the photoelectric conversion element.