Abstract: Method and device for inactivating a microbiologically contaminated mass containing solid particles. The method includes mixing the mass containing solid particles with a gelatinizing agent, transporting the mixed mass of solid particles and gelatinizing agent through a shaping device structured so that the mixed mass, at least in one area, is shaped to form a lamellar volume with a layer thickness of between 1 mm and 3 mm, and impinging the formed lamellar volume of the mixed mass with accelerated electrons.

Abstract: A system for emitting diffused ultraviolet radiation for the disinfection of air, water, food or other surfaces includes a laser for generating a laser beam in a desired wavelength range and a beam shaping system. The beam shaping system includes a beamsplitting optical element for splitting the laser beam into a plurality of beamlets and at least one diffusive reflective element for reflecting at least one beamlet with a diffused radiation profile wherein the at least one diffusive reflective element comprises one of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and barium sulphate.

Abstract: Devices and corresponding methods of use are described herein which may comprise an enclosing structure defining a closed loop flow path and a system generating a plasma at a plasma site, e.g. laser produced plasma system, where the plasma site may be in fluid communication with the flow path. For the device, a gas may be disposed in the enclosing structure which may include an ion-stopping buffer gas and/or an etchant. A pump may be provided to force the gas through the closed loop flow path. One or more heat exchangers removing heat from gas flowing in the flow path may be provided. In some arrangements, a filter may be used to remove at least a portion of a target species from gas flowing in the flow path.

Abstract: Systems and methods to reduce bioburden on at least a portion of a fluid transfer port include supplying a dose of radiation to the portion in optical communication with at least one source of radiation. In an illustrative example, a medical container, such as a vial or IV bag, receives a dose of ultraviolet (UV) energy substantially at a predetermined region of a fluid transfer site. In some examples, such a sanitization process may precede a fluid transfer operation in which a fluid is transferred into or out of the medical container by passing through the sanitized region. Such fluid transfers may be used in automated or semi-automated pharmaceutical processes, such as drug reconstitution. Various embodiments may further include one or more seal assemblies, each seal assembly having an aperture through which the radiation dose is supplied from the source to a controlled region on the fluid transfer port.

Abstract: A water purification device (30) is provided for installation in an aircraft potable water system. The device (30) comprises a treatment cell (40) incorporated into the water system's plumbing and a flashlamp (50) positioned to productively transmit into the treatment chamber (41) of the cell (40). The flashlamp (50) emits short-pulse and high-intensity flashes, thereby delivering adequate UV doses (e.g., at least 40 mJ/cm2) with reasonable input power (e.g., 400 watts) for an aircraft system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fluid treatment system comprising: an inlet; an outlet; and a fluid treatment zone disposed between the inlet and the outlet. The fluid treatment zone has disposed therein: (i) an elongate first radiation source assembly having a first longitudinal axis, and (ii) an elongate second radiation source assembly having a second longitudinal axis. The first longitudinal axis and the second longitudinal axis are non-parallel to each other and to a direction of fluid flow through the fluid treatment zone. The present fluid treatment system has a number of advantages including: it can treat large volumes of fluid (e.g.

Abstract: Embodiments of systems including wastewater treatment systems that utilize high energy light to destruct organics in wastewater are provided. In some embodiments, such systems may include a gas purifier that is configured to purify a gas. The wastewater treatment system treats wastewater from the gas purifier via the use of ultraviolet light. Accordingly, the wastewater treatment system may include an ultraviolet light system that directs ultraviolet light through the wastewater.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for methods, systems and apparatus for monochromatic UV light sterilization of container systems and/or container-packaged products. More particularly, the present disclosure provides for improved methods, systems and apparatus for monochromatic UV light sterilization of liquid and/or solid products/solutions and/or packaging/container systems for liquid and/or solid products/solutions (e.g., parenteral pharmaceutical products/solutions and/or packaging/container systems for parenteral pharmaceutical products/solutions).

Abstract: The present invention provides a method and apparatus for sanitizing consumable water using an ultraviolet light. The water is exposed to the ultraviolet light for a preselected duration of time and at a desired power level to achieve a desired level of sanitization.

Abstract: A method for inducing a controllable jet in a transparent liquid is disclosed. The method comprises providing a gas-liquid interface, providing a laser source and generating a beam comprising a sequence of laser pulses, and focusing the beam to a target location within the liquid at a predetermined distance from the gas-liquid interface and creating a plurality of cavitation bubbles, yielding a jet directed away from the gas-liquid interface. Other methods and apparatus are also described and claimed.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a fluid recondition system includes a container for storing a fluid; a fluid reconditioning module including a microbe-reducing device; and a first and second conduits transporting fluid between the container and the fluid reconditioning module. In another embodiment, the fluid reconditioning module includes an electromagnetic energy emitting device such as a number of ultraviolet lamps.

Abstract: A device for sterilizing water, comprising a UV lamp, at least one vessel through which water flows, an inlet and an outlet, a reaction chamber being arranged in said vessel. The outlet of the container forms a free down spout. The UV lamp and the vessel are arranged in a cartridge, the cartridge comprising at least fixing means for detachable fixing to a connection device, and connection means for supplying the current and water from a connection device.

Abstract: A water disinfection apparatus includes a chamber adapted for connection to a pressurized water source. An ultra violet light is oriented to shine ultra violet rays into the chamber and to disinfect water therein, and a normally closed output valve connects the chamber to a supply valve. A control senses when a connected supply valve has been opened, and is operative to turn the ultra violet light on when the connected supply valve is opened; open the output valve after the ultra violet light has been turned on; close the output valve off after a supply time period expires; and turn the ultra violet light off when the output valve has been closed. The ultra violet light is turned on at all times that the output valve is open.

Abstract: A system and method for photochemical treatment of liquid substances with ultraviolet light inside liquid conveying tubings. The system includes an elongated polymeric light guiding liquid conveyance tube having first and second open ends and an internal surface defining the interior and liquid conveying conduit of the tube, and a UV light source, which is optically connected to the interior and liquid conveying conduit of the tube. The light guiding tube includes one or multiple concentric layers of polymeric materials selected from a group that includes thermoplastic and thermosetting polymers, elastomers and composites. The tube has at least one UV light transmitting polymeric material layer having a lower refractive index value than the refractive index value of the liquid substance conveyed within the tube.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an ultraviolet sterilizer having a vibration-proof function. The ultraviolet sterilizer includes an ultraviolet sterilization unit. The ultraviolet sterilization unit has an inlet through which ballast water is drawn thereinto, an outlet through which the ballast water is discharged therefrom, and an ultraviolet lamp located between the inlet and the outlet. The ultraviolet lamp applies ultraviolet rays to the ballast water. The ultraviolet sterilizer further includes a cap which supports each of the opposite ends of the ultraviolet sterilization unit, and a shock absorption unit which is elastically compressed at a first end thereof by the cap while a second end thereof compresses an end of the ultraviolet lamp. Thereby, even if the ultraviolet sterilization unit vibrates, the sleeve pipe or the ultraviolet lamp can be prevented from being damaged, and explosive gas which may cause the ultraviolet sterilizer to explode is also prevented from entering the cap.

Abstract: An 82Sr/82Rb generator column is made using a fluid impervious cylindrical container having a cover for closing the container in a fluid tight seal, and further having an inlet for connection of a conduit for delivering a fluid into the container and an outlet for connection of a conduit for conducting the fluid from the container. An ion exchange material fills the container, the ion exchange material being compacted within the container to a density that permits the ion exchange material to be eluted at a rate of at least 5 ml/min at a fluid pressure of 1.5 pounds per square inch (10 kPa). The generator column can be repeatedly recharged with 82Sr. The generator column is compatible with either three-dimensional or two-dimensional positron emission tomography systems.

Abstract: The invention relates to cleanable spiral modules and a method for production thereof.

Abstract: The disclosed water purifier comprises an outer wall, a RAW water inflow section that allows inflow of RAW water from outside said outer wall, a purifying section, an ultraviolet ray sterilizing section that has an ultraviolet ray source, a purified water outflow section that allows purified water that has been purified in said purifying section and sterilized in said ultraviolet ray sterilizing section to flow to the outside of said outer wall, a condition-detecting unit, and a control unit that controls generation of ultraviolet rays from said ultraviolet ray source according to the detection by said condition-detecting unit.

Abstract: This specification relates to an improved method, process and apparatus for disinfecting and sterilizing all types of surfaces and indoor air and room air contaminated with microorganisms. The improved apparatus consists of a multi-wavelength narrow spectral width UV source that is more effective than mercury based 254 nm germicidal lamps for destroying the DNA and outer shell or membrane of virus, bacteria, spores and cists.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a method and a system of collection and analysis for in situ determination of concentrations of minerals in granular material originating from a shaft under excavation, in a continuous, non-intrusive manner in real time. According to the present invention granular material collected passes to a granular material collector, subsequently entering a reading module which determines the concentration of different materials by spectroscopic methods. The granular material collected comes from drilling dust which rises along a boring tool of an excavating bit. The concentration data of different minerals in the granular material being analysed at a given moment may be processed and transmitted to establish and/or correct logistic and operational procedures such as, for example, in an excavation or in an overall process wherein it is set.

Abstract: The invention comprises apparatus for use with atmospheric pressure ionization sources in which an aerosol is formed from a solution of a sample. The aerosol is received in a hollow member and discharged outside the chamber of the ionization source in order to reduce contamination of the ionization source itself by involatile material in the solution and by previously analysed samples. The hollow member is easily removable from the ionization source to facilitate cleaning and replacement. Ionization sources, mass spectrometers, and ion mobility spectrometers comprising the apparatus are also described.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and method for treating ship ballast water, wherein electron beams are irradiated into the ballast water to induce radiolysis of the water, and harmful marine organisms present in the ballast water are killed by radicals produced by the radiolysis. The electron beams are continuously irradiated into the ballast water under operating conditions of an energy of 0.5-5 MeV, an electron beam irradiation dose of 0.1-30 kGy and a flow rate of 1-200 m3/hr.

Abstract: A method and device are provided for treating flammable materials, fuels for example, by irradiation of the materials with ultra-violet radiation. In one embodiment, the apparatus suited for connection to a fuel line includes a body with centrally-formed duct and UV light sources mounted outside of the duct at upper and lower sides. It is to be appreciated that the invention has utility for many different fuel system applications, for example in aircraft, boats and in other motive vehicles. Further, the device can be conveniently mounted, if desired, on different fuel platforms including on bowsers.

Abstract: A particle analyzer in which tagged particles to be analyzed are drawn through a suspended capillary tube where a predetermined volume in the capillary tube is illuminated. The illumination scattered by said particles is detected by a detector to count all particles. The fluorescent illumination emitted by tagged particles is detected and the output signals from the fluorescent detectors and scatter detector are processed to provide an analysis of the particles.

Abstract: A method and system of providing ultrapure water for semiconductor fabrication operations is provided. The water is treated by utilizing a free radical scavenging system and a free radical removal system. The free radical scavenging system can utilize actinic radiation with a free radical precursor compound, such as ammonium persulfate. The free radical removal system can comprise use of a reducing agent. The ultrapure water may be further treated by utilizing ion exchange media and degasification apparatus. A control system can be utilized to regulate addition of the precursor compound, the intensity of the actinic radiation, and addition of the reducing agent to the water.

Abstract: A disinfecting device having an outlet (2, 42) for a flowing liquid, particularly water, and a UV irradiator (6), preferably a UV-C radiator (16) or one or more UV-C emitting light emitting diodes, and an electric power supply (7), such as a battery, turbine driven generator or a solar module, for supplying the UV irradiator with up to 25 V alternating voltage or up to 60 V direct voltage. The outlet may be constructed with a reflective interior, and a controller for regulating liquid temperature, liquid pressure and/or liquid flow rate and/or an aerator (14) for introducing air into the flowing liquid may be integrated into the device, which may be a plumbing fixture such as a water spigot.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for determining an effective dose of monochromatic or polychromatic light from one or more light sources to inactivate microorganisms present in a biological fluid, preferably a non-transparent fluid. Moreover, there is provided a method for the inactivation of microorganism in a biological fluid in a flow-through-reactor. Moreover, the invention advantageously provides a flow-through-reactor with one or more thermostated light sources. The invention further provides a method of controlling the light sum dose of monochromatic or polychromatic light emitted from one or more light sources to effectively inactivate microorganisms present in a biological fluid in a batch reactor.

Abstract: A plasmon filter may include an element supportive of plasmon energy and having a plurality of openings through which a material may pass. A system includes a fluid filter supportive of evanescent energy, an evanescent field generator, a sensor, and/or other components. A corresponding method may include generating plasmons on the filter and exposing a material to the plasmon energy.

Abstract: An ultraviolet flux multiplying air sterilization chamber comprises inner surfaces having a diffuse reflective behavior. The sterilization chamber includes an inlet aperture and an outlet aperture for air to flow through said chamber and a light source emitting an ultraviolet light. Due to the reflectivity of the inner surfaces of the chamber, a flux of the ultraviolet light is multiplied by reflecting multiple times from the inner surfaces of the chamber. The inlet and outlet apertures are advantageously configured to reduce the amount of light that escapes from the chamber and increase the amount of photons available in the chamber. In an exemplary embodiment, perforated end panels having diffuse, reflective interior surfaces may be provided over at least a portion of the inlet and outlet apertures.

Abstract: Systems and methods to reduce bioburden on at least a portion of a fluid transfer port include supplying a dose of radiation to the portion in optical communication with at least one source of radiation. In an illustrative example, a medical container, such as a vial or IV bag, receives a dose of ultraviolet (UV) energy substantially at a predetermined region of a fluid transfer site. In some examples, such a sanitization process may precede a fluid transfer operation in which a fluid is transferred into or out of the medical container by passing through the sanitized region. Such fluid transfers may be used in automated or semi-automated pharmaceutical processes, such as drug reconstitution. Various embodiments may further include one or more seal assemblies, each seal assembly having an aperture through which the radiation dose is supplied from the source to a controlled region on the fluid transfer port.

Abstract: A polarizing apparatus has a thermally conductive partitioning system in a polarizing cell. In the polarizing region, this thermally conductive partitioning system serves to prevent the elevation of the temperature of the polarizing cell where laser light is maximally absorbed to perform the polarizing process. By employing this partitioning system, increases in laser power of factors of ten or more can be beneficially utilized to polarize xenon. Accordingly, the polarizing apparatus and the method of polarizing 129Xe achieves higher rates of production.

Abstract: A submersible pump with UV sterilization device includes a casing, at least one sterilization room and one water pump room provided in the casing, a first end cap and a second end cap separately fixed at the two ends of the casing, a front water inlet provided at the first end cap, a back water inlet connected to the water inlet of the sterilization room provided at the second end cap, and a reflection board provided at the internal wall of the sterilization room. A water pump is fixed in the water pump room, a water outlet is fixed above the impeller room of the water pump, the impeller room is connected to the water outlets of the sterilization room, a cold cathode UV sterilization device is provided in the sterilization room, the sterilization device is connected to the output end of an inverter fixed in the casing.

Abstract: A device for administering a fluid includes a sterilization cassette having a shell, a fluid chamber, and an ultraviolet light transmitting window. An input tube directs fluid into the chamber. An ultraviolet light source is positioned to direct ultraviolet light through the window into the fluid chamber at an intensity sufficient to kill or render non-reproducible at least one species of a microorganism in the fluid while the fluid is in the chamber. An outlet tube receives fluid from the cassette and directs the fluid to a destination. The fluid is substantially uniformly exposed to the light while in the chamber. The cassette and light source are contained in a housing that prevents ultraviolet light from escaping the housing.

Abstract: There is disclosed an ultraviolet radiation device. The device comprises a base portion, a plurality of semiconductor structures connected to the base portion and an ultraviolet radiation transparent element connected to the plurality of semiconductor structures. Preferably: (i) the at least one light emitting diode is in direct contact with the ultraviolet radiation transparent element, or (ii) there is a spacing between the at least one light emitting diode and the ultraviolet radiation transparent element, the spacing being substantially completely free of air. There is also disclosed a fluid treatment system incorporating the ultraviolet radiation device.

Abstract: A system for treating a medium, such as water, with ultraviolet light is provided. The system can include an ultraviolet treatment chamber that is shaped to reduce reflections of the ultraviolet light within the ultraviolet treatment chamber and/or improve absorption of the ultraviolet light by the medium. Furthermore, the system can add an agent to the medium within the treatment chamber to further treat one or more contaminants that may be present within the medium. Still further, additional treatment, such as filtering the medium with a permeable material can be implemented within the treatment system.

Abstract: An ultraviolet irradiation water treatment apparatus includes a vessel having a cylindrical side portion, and plural rod-shaped ultraviolet lamps are disposed in parallel with a central axis of the side portion in the vessel. A water inlet pipe through which water flows into the vessel is provided in an outer wall of the side portion at a position in a tangential direction of an inner periphery of the side portion.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing a timed, synchronized dynamic alpha or beta particle source for testing the response of continuous air monitors (CAMs) for airborne alpha or beta emitters is provided. The method includes providing a radioactive source; placing the radioactive source inside the detection volume of a CAM; and introducing an alpha or beta-emitting isotope while the CAM is in a normal functioning mode.

Abstract: A water treatment system that performs a water purifying treatment by use of ultraviolet radiation, comprises a front stage ultraviolet radiation device for radiating ultraviolet light in a front stage process in a water purifying treatment process, a rear stage ultraviolet radiation device for radiating ultraviolet light in a rear stage process, and a controller for controlling these ultraviolet radiation devices.

Abstract: A treatment apparatus for at least partially disinfecting a fluid such as water comprises a pipe (16) for conveying a flow of fluid to be treated, a series of ultraviolet (UV) light emitting diodes (LEDs) (62) for emission of the UV light into the fluid, and a control circuit (70) for controlling operation of the LEDs. The control circuit is configured for pulsing the LEDs and the LEDs are arranged such that the fluid flows over a surface of each LED, as it is conveyed by the pipe in operation.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for producing customized, predictable and reproducible supplies of radioisotopes using, for example, a reactor housing that is fabricated from a radioactive shielding material and has both an internal volume and a surface that comprises an entry port and an exit port, a chromatographic column that is positioned within said internal volume such that a first end of said column is in fluid communication with said entry port and a second end of said column is in fluid communication with said exit port, and a changeable filter module that is disposed external to said reactor housing and in fluid communication with said exit port.

Abstract: An ultraviolet (UV) water treatment device includes a housing with an inlet and an outlet. Water flows into the housing through the inlet, is exposed to the UV light, and the treated water then flows out of the housing through the outlet. The UV light source is inserted into a quartz tube from above so that the UV lamp can be changed without draining the system. A lower access port is provided in the bottom of the housing. The lower access port includes a seat that contains the lower end of the quartz tube, and further allows a user of the system to remove debris from a broken quartz tube quickly and safely.

Abstract: The object of the invention is a double-walled chamber for the UV disinfection of liquids, preferably drinking water and/or waste water. It realizes a rectangular and/or square cross-sectional shape of the UV radiation chamber even at higher pressures, whereby the radiation chamber can moreover be provided with a thin-walled configuration and allows an optimal and close arrangement of UV radiators as compared with a round chamber. By applying the inventive idea, the known dead zones at the entrance are completely eliminated and an entrance turbulence is produced which runs simultaneously with the piston flow in the chamber.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention are directed to a liquid disinfection device. The device may include a pipeline to hold flowing liquid to be treated with light radiation where the pipeline having walls made of light-transparent material and surrounded by air, a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet and one or more windows adapted for the transmission of light into the pipeline. The device may further include one or more light sources positioned externally to the pipeline to generate light to be transmitted through the window into the flowing liquid within the pipeline and a reflector to reflect light generated by the one or more light sources through respective windows into the flowing liquid within the pipeline, wherein the reflected light strikes the walls of the pipeline at angles of incidence greater than a critical angle for total internal reflection to enable the total internal reflection.

Abstract: A process for producing water-absorbing polymeric particles by dropletization polymerization in the gas phase, which comprises drying the polymeric particles after the polymerization in a fluidized bed, the water-absorbing polymeric particles themselves, hygiene articles comprising these water-absorbing polymeric particles and also apparatus for implementing the process.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a high throughput screening method and system, which can be used to screen a plurality of fluid samples to ascertain their corresponding information. For example, a polymer solution sample is screened to ascertain information about its micro structure character such as including its crystallinity property. The high throughput screen system comprises a plurality of sampling passages and one or more screening devices for screening multiple samples simultaneously or almost simultaneously to get their corresponding information so as to meet research requirement of the relevant field.

Abstract: There is provided a far infrared radiator capable of highly activating methane gas prior to combustion to thereby attain an enhancement of thermal efficiency at combustion. In a passage of methane gas prior to combustion, there is positioned absorbent material (58) produced by mixing at least carbon with tourmaline as an absorption material of absorptivity higher than that of the material of the methane gas passage. Energy-absorbing coating (59) is applied to an fixed on the external surface of the absorbent material, and on a circumferential surface of the energy-absorbing coating there are positioned magnet (54) and far infrared radiator (57) produced by mixing tourmaline with at least iron powder and carbon.

Abstract: A vapor delivery system for delivering a steady flow of sublimated vapor to a vacuum chamber comprises a vaporizer of solid material, a mechanical throttling valve, and a pressure gauge, followed by a vapor conduit to the vacuum chamber. The vapor flow rate is determined by both the temperature of the vaporizer and the setting of the conductance of the mechanical throttle valve located between the vaporizer and the vacuum chamber. The temperature of the vaporizer is determined by closed-loop control to a set-point temperature. The mechanical throttle valve is electrically controlled, e.g. the valve position is under closed-loop control to the output of the pressure gauge. In this way the vapor flow rate can be generally proportional to the pressure gauge output. All surfaces exposed to the vapor from the vaporizer to the vacuum chamber are heated to prevent condensation.

Abstract: Apparatus for transporting a fluid, atomizers, reactors, integrated fuel processing apparatus, combinations thereof, methods of atomizing reactants, methods of moving fluids, methods of reverse-flow in a reactor, and combinations thereof, are provided. One exemplary apparatus for transporting a fluid, among others, includes: a channel for receiving a fluid; a sensor for determining an internal condition of the fluid in the channel; and a channel actuator in communication with the sensor for changing a cross-sectional area of the channel based on the internal condition, wherein the change in cross-sectional area controls a parameter selected from a pressure and a fluid flow.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for treating fluids are provided. The method generally includes cavitating and irradiating a liquid. The irradiation of the liquid may include exposing the liquid to ultraviolet radiation. The apparatus generally includes a housing having a chamber formed therein and defined, at least in part, by a chamber wall that transmits radiation therethrough. The apparatus also includes a cavitator in flow communication with the interior of the chamber and a radiator aligned to direct radiation into the interior of the chamber. Cavitation generated by the apparatus and/or provided in the method tends to refresh the liquid exposed to the radiationt, thereby increasing the rate of radiation exposure for the liquid.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for modifying viruses and bacteria in a closed loop system that irradiates the fluid multiple times through the same channel. The apparatus consists of a cuvette, an irradiation station, a peristaltic pump, and a bottle. A plurality of power control switches controls the operation of the apparatus. This includes an on/off power switch, an on/off pump control, and a ultraviolet light control switch. A timer is provided to regulate the time period the cuvette is exposed to the ultraviolet radiation within the irradiation station. A cover is provided to enable the cuvette to be used and exposed to ultraviolet radiation within an enclosed environment.