Abstract: Authentication information is acquired from a storage medium through near field communication in one authentication device. Whether the authentication information corresponds to one substrate processing apparatus at which the authentication device is provided is determined. In a case where the authentication information corresponds to the one substrate processing apparatus, access information is transmitted from the authentication device through near field communication. An instruction terminal receives the access information through near field communication. The instruction terminal accesses a maintenance instruction device based on the access information, whereby a maintenance screen is displayed on a display of the instruction terminal. The instruction terminal has an operation unit to be operated by a user in order to provide an instruction for performing a maintenance operation.

Abstract: A system and method process for imaging DPM codes by a handheld barcode reader may include outputting a polarized light beam from an exit window of the handheld barcode reader to illuminate a direct part marking (DPM) code positioned on an object over a first time period. A non-polarized light beam may be output via from the exit window of the handheld barcode reader over a second time period. Reflected light from the object including polarized light from the DPM code received via a partially polarized receiving window may be sensed. The DPM code may be decoded by the handheld barcode reader.

Abstract: At least some embodiments of the present invention are directed toward optical arrangements for use in providing illumination light emitted by a barcode reader. In some embodiments, the arrangement includes an illumination source, a lens positioned within the path of the illumination light emitted by the illumination source where the lens is operable to collimate the light and redirect its central axis, and a window positioned within the path of the redirected and collimated light where the window is operable to alter the illumination light such that the resulting illumination light beam has a height-to-width ratio of less than 8 to 25.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus of the present invention is an information processing apparatus that manages a hierarchical storage including a primary storage and a secondary storage. The information processing apparatus includes an acquisition unit that acquires a measurement value obtained by measuring a power consumption amount of each of the primary storage and the secondary storage, a determination unit that determines whether or not to move a file between the primary storage and the secondary storage, on the basis of a condition for determining a storage destination of the file to be stored in the hierarchical storage with use of the measurement value, the size of the file, and the access interval time of the file, and a relocation unit that moves the file between the primary storage and the secondary storage in accordance with the determination.

Abstract: Barcode reading devices for creating an easy-to-use experience are provided. In one implementation, a barcode reading apparatus comprises a housing having at least a scan body and an image sensor disposed within the housing. The image sensor is configured to read the barcode. The apparatus further includes a scanning frame and a viewing frame. The scanning frame is formed in a first bottom surface of the scan body and is configured to enable the image sensor to visually detect the barcode when the barcode is placed in a scanning zone at least partially below the scan body. The viewing frame is formed in a first top surface of the scan body and is configured to enable a user to view the barcode through both the viewing frame and scanning frame when the barcode is placed in the scanning zone.

Abstract: A device and system for automatically tracking a baseline input into a biometric sensor is provided. The device and system include a processing system with an amplifier having an input terminal and an output terminal for producing an output signal based on the input signal received by the input terminal. The processing system further includes at least one signal conditioning element coupled to the input terminal of the amplifier and configured to condition a compensation signal, and the processing system further includes a control circuit that adjusts one or more signal conditioning parameters of the at least one signal conditioning element based on the output signal of the amplifier. The at least one input signal received by the input terminal includes a combination of the at least one compensation signal and a signal from a first set of one or more receiver electrodes of the biometric sensor.

Abstract: A processing machine has a plurality of processing stations for the processing of articles. A plurality of the processing stations are each configured in the form of a printing unit. The processing stations, which are provided for processing the articles, are each arranged at different positions. At least one handling device is provided for transporting at least one of the articles which is to be processed. The handling device has a drive which is controlled by a control device and, which handling device, by the use of this drive, can be displaced from one processing station, in which the respective article is processed, to at least one next processing station for processing this article. The processing machine has a learning phase and a production phase.

Abstract: A system for verifying a price associated with an item in a retail environment includes a price tag having an optical member that includes an optical characteristic that modifies an amount of optical energy that leaves the optical member relative to an amount of optical energy received by the optical member, and a price tag holder including an optical sensor having an emitter and a detector. The emitter is positioned to emit optical energy onto the optical member and the detector is positioned to receive optical energy leaving the optical member. A computing device in operable communication with the optical sensor is operative to determine whether the price tag is accurate based upon a comparison between the amount of optical energy received by the detector and the amount of optical energy emitted by the emitter.

Abstract: A confocal inspection system can analyze light collected from a sample. For absorptive samples, it can be desirable to bin the collected light as a function of optical path length traversed in the sample. To perform this binning, the optical system can direct the collected light to a body having a surface that includes concentric annular portions that impart unique non-focusing angular redirections to respective portions of the collected light. In some examples, the annular portions are planar and have respective surface normals that are uniquely angled with respect to one another. In other examples, the annular portions are planar and parallel, and include respective zero-power, blazed diffraction gratings having unique combinations of blaze angle and blaze orientation with respect to one another. Light from each annular portion can be focused onto a respective lateral location at a detector plane.

Abstract: An apparatus for picking and placing or for picking and transferring or for picking, placing and pressing semiconductor components (10) is disclosed. The apparatus (10) comprises a motor for generating power to rotate a turret (6) which holds a plurality of pick up heads (7), a plurality of pressers (8), wherein each of said pressers (8) is a voice coil assembly (3) which consist of voice coil actuator assemblies (31), at least one stationary frame (1, 2) to secure said voice coil assemblies (3) and a controller means to control the direction and magnitude of displacement of said voice coil actuator assemblies (31). When current flows into voice coil in said voice coil actuator assembly (31), electromagnetic force is generated in vertical direction, forcing said actuators to press said pick up heads (7) located directly below said actuators at a particular moment, which in turn reaches to and press on wafers or semiconductor components located below said pick up heads.

Abstract: A barcode reader, as an optical information reader which reads information indicated with a symbol having a light reflectance different from an ambient light reflectance, is provided with a linear sensor as a light receiving sensor, an image pickup lens to image-form light on the linear sensor, an LED as a light emitting device, a projection lens to project light emitted from the LED, a parting portion to regulate a light projection range of the light emitted from the LED, having a first opening and a second opening to shield light out of a predetermined range, a central position of the predetermined range being shifted from position of an optical axis of the projection lens to a side of an optical axis of the image pickup lens.

Abstract: Systems and methods that provide a machine-readable symbol reader positioned over a “flip-lid” type cash box. The reader may be affixed directly to the lid of the cash box or affixed to a thin cover pivotally attached to a checkout stand that opens with the lid of the cash box. The lid of the cash box or the thin cover may be level with a surrounding surface of the checkout stand. The reader may have a field of view directed away from the operator (e.g., a cashier) so that the operator may scan objects close to his or her body without requiring extended reaching, which provides an ergonomically desirable work environment.

Abstract: Injector systems which include a syringe and a powered injector to inject a fluid into a patient are described. The powered injector includes a drive member, an energy source, at least one sensor for detecting energy from the energy source, and at least one contact member axially movable in the injector and in communication with the sensor. The syringe includes at least one indicator positioned at a predetermined position, such as on a rear surface of an attachment flange, which may transmit or reflect energy from the energy source to the sensor. The contact member may contact and be moved by the indicator when the syringe is attached to the powered injector, so that the energy detected by the sensor may be determined by the position of the indicator. The position of the indicator thereby provides information about the syringe configuration.

Abstract: An electronic device displays at least a portion of an electronic document with a predefined page layout at a first magnification level on a display; detects a first input indicating a first insertion point in the document, where the first insertion point is proximate to a first portion of text in the document; and in response to detecting the first input: selects a second magnification level different from the first magnification level, where the second magnification level is selected so as to display the first portion of text at a target text display size, and, while maintaining the predefined page layout of the document, displays, at the second magnification level, a portion of the document that includes the first portion of text.

Abstract: A retail store purchasing system has a plurality of wearable mobile scanner systems with mobile tablet devices integration capability therein adapted to be carried by employees. Each wearable mobile scanner system comprises a mobile tablet device attached to a wearable base housing directly below it, and connected by a base mount universal receiver with rotational coupling. The Main PCB has an EEPROM controlling operations of a USB scanner and MSR. The mobile tablet device has an application which allows wireless communication with a POS store systems server and also commands the EEPROM. A product to be purchased is scanned by activating a button associated with said wearable mobile scanner system. This scanned data is received through the Main PCB to the mobile tablet device USB port and is sent wirelessly to the POS store systems server to obtain product data concerning description, price, inventory and promotions.

Abstract: An imaging reader reads targets by image capture in both handheld and hands-free modes of operation. Upon detection of the mode of operation, a controller sets the resolution and frame rate of a solid-state imaging sensor to different values in each mode to optimize target reading performance in each mode.

Abstract: An apparatus for use in decoding a bar code symbol includes a first integrated circuit chip with a wafer level camera, at least one light source, and a plurality of contact pads on a surface of the chip and a second integrated circuit chip with a processor, memory, plurality of contact pads on a surface of the chip, and plurality of contact pads on another surface of the chip. The apparatus includes a PCB having a plurality of contact pads disposed on at least one surface of the PCB and wherein the first and second integrated circuit chips are vertically stacked on the PCB and the plurality of contact pads on the first and second integrated circuit chips interface with the contact pads of the second integrated circuit chip and PCB. The apparatus is operative for processing image signals generated by the WLC for attempting to decode the bar code symbol.

Abstract: A film with codes, a reader configured to read the film, and an electronic device having a display including the film are provided. The reader may include a first light irradiating section, a second light irradiating section, a control section, and a light capturing section.

Abstract: Targets to be electro-optically read by image capture are illuminated with illumination light emitted from an illumination light source and directed along an illumination path through a window to the targets, and return light from the targets is captured through the window and projected along an imaging path to an array of light sensors of an imaging system. An optical element is located in both the illumination path and the imaging path, and has a light-reflecting, non-diffusing portion for directing the captured return light incident on the light-reflecting portion along a folded imaging path to the array, and a light-diffusing portion for diffusing the illumination light incident on the light-diffusing portion along a folded illumination path to scatter and blur an image of the illumination light source, to increase an apparent size of the illumination light source, and to reduce a perceived brightness of the illumination light source.

Abstract: A flexible, digital enhanced reading device (P) comprises at least one label containing encoded information, a spatially structured element placed over the label itself, defined by a material indicating predetermined temperature level and exposure time range, and comprising a material with morphological and/or structural and/or chemical and/or physical state changing properties detectable following a predetermined heat absorption; the mentioned spatially structural element is adapted to at least partially cover determined zones of said label with dimensions between 0.01% and 100% of the surface of the label itself, and comprises molecular materials and/or polymer materials and/or liquid crystals and/or mixtures of said materials in any proportion.

Abstract: A composition including an optical substrate removably attached to an item. At least a portion of the substrate has a diffraction grating embedded therein or thereon. The grating has a resultant refractive index variation at a grating location. The grating provides an output optical signal indicative of a code when illuminated by an incident light signal.

Abstract: A high resolution fiber optic position sensor system including a remote sensor head connected by a pair of optical fibers to an electronic controller unit. The sensor is an electronically passive device that utilizes optical signals only that senses the angular absolute position over the full 360° rotation with a sensing resolution of 13 bit (8196). The sensor modulates the optical signal based on the exact position of the sensor disk. This modulated optical signal is analyzed in the controller and translated into the position signal. Because the sensor head is electrically passive it can be deployed in an EMI/RFI intense environment. Further, it is immune to lightening strikes and can also be located many hundred meters away from the control unit without creating undesirable ground loops.

Abstract: A substantially uniform distributed illumination pattern of light is generated on and along a symbol to be read by image capture. A solid-state imager is mounted on a tilted printed circuit board in a tilted handle of an ergonomic reader. An imaging lens assembly captures return light over a field of view from the symbol along an imaging axis, and projects the captured return light onto the imager. An illumination light source is mounted on the board for emitting illumination light at an acute angle of inclination relative to the imaging axis. An optical component includes a first lens portion with a polynomial incident surface for intercepting, bending and aligning the emitted illumination light to generate the pattern in a scan direction along the symbol, and a second lens portion with a toroidal or cylindrical aspherical surface for collimating the aligned illumination light to generate the pattern in a transverse direction.

Abstract: An optical recognition pattern for length measurement is mounted on an optical contact surface and includes a plurality of optical recognition units, each of which corresponds to a length value. The sequence of the optical recognition units on the optical contact surface is consistent with that of the corresponding length values in such a way that the optical recognition pattern imitating the conventional measuring ruler can be constituted. Besides, the optical recognition pattern can further work with an optical recognition device to constitute a length measurement system that the optical recognition is applied to.

Abstract: A modular focus system for image based code readers includes swappable lens attachments enables fixed focus, manual focus, and variable focus operation from a single reader. A manual focus lens cap includes a manually adjustable focus ring to change the focus of the reader. A variable focus lens module includes a liquid lens that is manipulated by a voltage delivered via a pair of electrodes to adjust the focus of the reader. The lens attachments can be swapped out and replaced as needed.

Abstract: Light sources are contained in a data reader housing that also contains an imager. In one embodiment, one light source includes a number of LEDs placed in a number of hollow reflectors located toward the rear of a data scanner, where the hollow reflectors have substantially flat reflective surfaces to project light through a window and into a read volume. Other embodiments include additional light sources located proximate sidewalls of the data scanner and also include a number of LEDs placed in hollow reflectors to project light through the window and into the read volume. In other embodiments, additional LEDs are included outside the hollow reflectors to project light through the window and into a different portion of the read volume than the LEDs located in the hollow reflectors.

Abstract: To provide a camera module in which a liquid lens can be fixed with a simple configuration. The camera module 1 is provided with the liquid lens 2, a master lens 3 which is disposed at the same axle as that of the liquid lens 2. A camera body 4 has a lens-mounting portion 40 to which the liquid lens 2 and the master lens 3 are mounted with their optical axes aligned, and a lens cover 5 fixes the liquid lens 2 and the master lens 3 onto the lens-mounting portion 40. A ring-shaped packing 6 which is disposed between the lens cover 5 and the liquid lens 2 pushes the liquid lens 2.

Abstract: A reader device (1) includes a mounting surface (5) on which a passport (7) with a page to be read (9) is placed, a light source (21, 31) for illuminating the page to be read (9), and a camera (13) for picking up an image of the page to be read (9). The light source (21, 31) is arranged outside a front area of the page to be read. The page to be read (9) contains a near-edge code positioned close to an edge of the page to be read (9). The light source (21, 31) includes an infrared LED array (23) and a white LED array (33). An infrared LED (25e) and a white LED (35f) included in the infrared LED array (23) and the white LED array (33), respectively, and located at a near-edge code position corresponding to the near-edge code are arranged closer to the page to be read than the other infrared LEDs (25a to 25d) and white LEDs (35a to 35e) in a direction perpendicular to the mounting surface (5).

Abstract: A substantially uniform distributed illumination pattern of light is generated on and along a symbol to be read by image capture. A solid-state imager is mounted on a tilted printed circuit board in a tilted handle of an ergonomic reader. An imaging lens assembly captures return light over a field of view from the symbol along an imaging axis, and projects the captured return light onto the imager. An illumination light source is mounted on the board for emitting illumination light at an acute angle of inclination relative to the imaging axis. An optical component includes a first lens portion with a polynomial incident surface for intercepting, bending and aligning the emitted illumination light to generate the pattern in a scan direction along the symbol, and a second lens portion with a toroidal or cylindrical aspherical surface for collimating the aligned illumination light to generate the pattern in a transverse direction.

Abstract: An optical receiving device (31) for an optical code reader is described, comprising a solid body, of a transparent material, having a light input face (32), a light output face (33) for coupling with a photodetector device (30), said output face (33) being substantially perpendicular to said input face (32), and an oblique face (34) with respect to both said input face (32) and said output face (34), characterized in that the mutual orientation of the faces (32-38, 40-42, 40?, 41?, 42?) of the optical receiving device (31) is such that the light entering from said input face (32) within a desired field of view is concentrated onto said output face (33) by total internal reflection.

Abstract: A first bar code that is reproduced by linearly polarized red light (first read light) parallel to a short-side direction and a second bar code that is reproduced by linearly polarized green light (second read light) parallel to a long-side direction are recorded on a birefringence label. A probe is a reading device that reads the first and second bar codes from the birefringence label and includes first and second light sources and an imaging unit. The first light source emits the first read light to the birefringence label. The second light source emits the second read light to the birefringence label at a time different from that of the first read light. The imaging unit captures the birefringence label through a polarizing plate having a transmission axis aligned with the short-side direction of the birefringence label, and acquires reproduced images of the first and second bar codes.

Abstract: This application generally relates to methods and systems for detecting spectrophotometer misalignment. In particular, the application may characterize the noise of a spectral measurement relative to a reference substrate known to exhibit a generally linear (flat) spectral output over a known spectrum. From the spectral measurement, a linear regression may be performed on a portion of the spectral output to determine a best fit line and a correlation of determination (“R-squared value”) may be determined correlated the measured data to the best fit line. Finally, the R squared value may be compared to a predetermined threshold R squared value to determine if the sensor is misaligned beyond an acceptable amount. If so, an alert may be generated.

Abstract: A modular focus system for image based code readers includes swappable lens attachments enables fixed focus, manual focus, and variable focus operation from a single reader. A manual focus lens cap includes a manually adjustable focus ring to change the focus of the reader. A variable focus lens module includes a liquid lens that is manipulated by a voltage delivered via a pair of electrodes to adjust the focus of the reader. The lens attachments can be swapped out and replaced as needed.

Abstract: Provided are an acousto-optic filter and an optical code division multiple access (CDMA) system using the acousto-optic filter. The acousto-optic filer includes: an acousto-optic mode converter (AOMC) converting an optical signal of a specific optical frequency corresponding to a frequency of an electric signal of an optical signal of a first mode having a predetermined optical frequency band; and a mode stripper (MS) stripping an optical signal of the optical signal of the first mode that has been converted to a second mode.

Abstract: In an optical information reading apparatus, a pickup unit has a predetermined reading position, and is configured to optically pickup information of a target when the information is located at the reading position. A marker beam irradiating unit includes a light beam source configured to emit a light beam. The marker beam irradiating unit includes a beam pattern forming lens arranged to allow the emitted light beam to enter thereinto. The pattern forming lens is configured to irradiate a marker beam based on the emitted light beam. The marker beam has a predetermined beam pattern composed of at least one linear beamlet to indicate the reading position of the pickup unit.

Abstract: A system is provided for determining characteristic information of an object positioned adjacent to a route. The system includes a first camera configured to collect a first set of spectral data of the object. The system further includes a second camera configured to collect a second set of spectral data of the object. The first and second cameras are attached to a powered system traveling along the route. The system further includes a controller coupled to the first camera and the second camera. The controller is configured to determine the characteristic information of the object based on the first set of spectral data and the second set of spectral data of the object. Additionally, a method is provided for determining characteristic information of the object positioned adjust to the route.

Abstract: An apparatus for easily shooting an invisible image (such as an invisible two-dimensional bar code) latent on an object. The operation of the apparatus is made intuitive and simple and may be incorporated into cameras peripheral to computers and mobile telephones. A novel framing and focusing system is also disclosed.

Abstract: An image reading apparatus includes a light source with a first luminescent portion that outputs light with a first wavelength range and a second luminescent portion that outputs light with a second wavelength range, the wavelength ranges being different from each other; a light-receiving portion that receives light reflected from an original irradiated by the light source; a scanning portion that shifts a reading position of the original in a vertical scanning direction by changing a relative position between the original and the light-receiving portion; a switching portion that alternately turns on the first and second luminescent portions when the scanning portion shifts the reading position, wherein a vertical scanning resolution for a first data obtained when the first luminescent portion is turned on is independently set from a vertical scanning resolution for a second data obtained when the second luminescent portion is turned on.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for drug product tracking (or other pharmaceutical, health care or cosmetics products, and/or the packages or containers they are supplied with) using diffraction grating-based encoded optical identification elements includes an optical substrate having at least one diffraction grating disposed therein. The encoded element may be used to label any desired item, such as drugs or medicines, or other pharmaceutical or health care products or cosmetics. The label may be used for many different purposes, such as for sorting, tracking, identification, verification, authentication, anti-theft/anti-counterfeit, security/anti-terrorism, or for other purposes.

Abstract: A position-measuring device includes a code and a scanning unit. The code includes a sequence of code elements arranged one after the other in a measuring direction, at least two successive code elements in each case forming one code word having position information. The scanning unit includes a lighting unit for emitting directed light in the direction of the code for imaging at least the code elements forming code word onto a detector unit, the detector unit having in measuring direction at least two detector elements per code element forming code word, as well as an evaluation unit in which the code word having the instantaneous position information is ascertainable from the detector signals of the detector elements. The scanning unit and the code are arranged in a manner allowing movement relative to each other in measuring direction.

Abstract: An optical receiving device (31) for an optical code reader is described, comprising a solid body, of a transparent material, having a light input face (32), a light output face (33) for coupling with a photodetector device (30), said output face (33) being substantially perpendicular to said input face (32), and an oblique face (34) with respect to both said input face (32) and said output face (34), characterized in that the mutual orientation of the faces (32-38, 40-42, 40?, 41?, 42?) of the optical receiving device (31) is such that the light entering from said input face (32) within a desired field of view is concentrated onto said output face (33) by total internal reflection.

Abstract: A position detecting devices includes a scale, a sensor, and a control section. The scale has a plurality of light emitting elements located at spacings along a direction in which a movable member is moved. Mounted on the member, the sensor detects light from at least one of the elements within a predetermined detection range longer than a largest one of the spacings, and outputs a light reception signal according to a position where the light is received within the range. The control section drives the elements individually, receives the signal from the sensor, and has a storage section for storing information on positions of the elements in the scale. Upon receipt of the signal, the control section retrieves from the storage section information on a located position of one of the light emitting elements that is being driven, and calculates a position of the member based on the retrieved information and the received signal.

Abstract: An optical information readout apparatus is disclosed having an image forming optical section 4 operative to shift first and second lenses 24, 25 along an optical axis “O” at areas in front of a photodetector 3. A cylindrical body 23 incorporates a lens holder means, including permanent magnets 26 to 28, by which the first lens 24 is halted and held in any of positions a1, a2 and the second lens 24 is halted and held in any of positions b1, b2. Coils 31, 32, 75, 76 and a control circuit 16 drivingly shift the lenses. The control circuit is operative to independently move the lenses to change a focusing range of the image forming optical section in four different stages in the occurrence of a failure in reading out a two-dimensional code.

Abstract: A discrimination medium 10a includes a first double layered body 101 having a right-handed circular polarization polymer cholesteric liquid crystal layer 11 and a left-handed circular polarization polymer cholesteric liquid crystal layer 12 which are stacked. The right-handed circular polarization polymer cholesteric liquid crystal layer 11 reflects a specific right-handed circular polarization light, and the left-handed circular polarization polymer cholesteric liquid crystal layer 12 reflects a specific left-handed circular polarization light. The discrimination medium 10a is applied to the article 30, and is viewed via a simple determination tool 20 having a filter 21 allowing only right-handed circular polarization light to pass therethough and a filter 22 allowing only left-handed circular polarization light to pass therethough.

Abstract: A viewer and method of displaying information with the viewer are provided. The viewer is configured to rest upon a surface that bears coded data and includes memory for storing display information, a sensor for sensing the coded data when the viewer is resting upon the surface, a processor for decoding the sensed coded data, and a display for displaying data to a user. The processor determines the display information based on the sensed coded data and generates and supplies the display data to the display. The generation of the display data includes manipulating a position of the display information based on the sensed coded data so as to take into account the position of the viewer relative to the surface.

Abstract: A detachable bill acceptor mounting arrangement includes a face panel of a vending machine, the face panel having two protruding locating plates at two sides and an angled guide groove at each protruding locating plate, and a bill acceptor formed of a lower unit and an upper unit, the lower unit having two recessed locating portions detachably coupled to the protruding locating plates of the face panel and two pair of stub guide rods insertable into the angled guide grooves to secure the lower unit to the face panel, the upper unit having two flat pivot rods detachably coupled to a respective pivot hole on the lower unit and two hooks releasably hooked in a respective retaining slot on the lower unit to lock the upper unit to the lower unit.

Abstract: In an optical information reading apparatus, a marker beam irradiating unit has a light beam source for emitting a light beam, a diffusing lens for diffusing the light beam emitted from the light beam source, and a collective lens for collecting the light beam diffused by the diffusing means. The marker beam irradiating unit has a pattern forming unit for forming a marker beam based on the light beam collected by the collecting means to irradiate the marker beam. The marker beam has a predetermined beam pattern indicating the reading position of the pickup unit.

Abstract: A method and apparatus senses light reflected off of a surface of an object at angles with respect to incident light.

Abstract: A method of determining pallet layers for placement by a material handling system robot can include identifying cases for inclusion in a pallet and identifying case dimension information for the cases. Using the case dimension information, the cases can be classified into at least one group, wherein each group is defined by a height range such that cases classified within a group have a height within the height range associated with that group. Cases of one of the groups can be assigned to locations within a pallet layer, wherein the pallet layer has an area within a predefined area range.

Abstract: In an apparatus for optically reading a target based on a light reflected from the target, a light source has a first optical axis and operates to emit light. An imaging optical system has a second optical axis. The imaging optical system is arranged so that the reflected light enters into the imaging optical system. A photodetector has an active area so that the imaging optical system focuses the reflected light on the active area of the photodetector. A light guide member is arranged between the target and the imaging optical system on the first and second optical axes, respectively. The light guide member is configured to guide the light emitted from the light source while preventing the guided light from leaking therefrom to irradiate the guided light to the target.