Abstract: In so-called rising main sewers in which sewage can be subjected to conditions when the supply of oxygen is deficient noxious sulphides can be produced which are a nuisance. The present invention provides a composition for the treatment of sewage so that the production of noxious sulphides is minimized under these conditions.The composition of the invention comprises an aqueous solution of ferric sulphate and ferric nitrate in amounts such that the molecular ratio of ferric sulphate to ferric nitrate is from 1:0.5 to 1:3. Optionally the composition may contain nitric acid in an amount of up to 2.5 molecules per molecule of ferric sulphate.These compositions are produced by reacting in aqueous solution nitric acid with ferrous sulphate in the absence of separately added sulphuric acid in such amounts that nitric acid is sufficient to produce the desired molecular ratio of ferric sulphate to ferric nitrate and the reaction is conducted at a temperature of at least 60.degree. C. and not greater than 100.degree.

Abstract: A sublimable composition comprising adamantane and a sublimable hydrocarbon other than adamantane. This composition is quite useful as a carrier for a mothproofing agent, a perfume, and the like. From this composition can be produced a molded product by melt molding, for example.

Abstract: A method is described for the preparation of high surface area metal fluorides and metal oxyfluorides comprising reacting high surface area metal oxides with a fluorocarbon vapor wherein the fluorocarbon is selected from the group consisting of CH.sub.4-Q F.sub.Q wherein Q is 1 to 3 and totally or partially fluorinated C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkanes, alkenes and alkynes and C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 cyclic alkanes, preferably fluoroform (CHF.sub.3) wherein the metal oxides and the fluorocarbon vapors are contacted at a temperature of from about 300.degree. to about 800.degree. C., for a time sufficient to effect the essentially complete conversion of the metal oxides into metal fluorides or the partial conversion of the metal oxides into metal oxyfluorides.

Abstract: New intercalated compounds comprising a cation intercalated in a layered mixed oxide, said oxide having layers of corner linked octahedra and tetrahedra. The composition has the formula A.sub.q MOXO.sub.4.nH.sub.2 O where A is a monovalent, divalent or polyvalent cation, MOXO.sub.4 is a layered mixed oxide selected from the group consisting of VOPO.sub.4, VOSO.sub.4, VOAsO.sub.4, VOMoO.sub.4, NbOPO.sub.4, NbOAsO.sub.4, TaOPO.sub.4 and MoOPO.sub.4, n is a number from 0 to 4 and q is a number from about 0.001 to about 1.0.

Abstract: Dibromostyrene is stabilized against unwanted polymerization by incorporating therein a stabilizing amount of a phenylene diamine such as N,N,N',N'-tetramethylphenylene-p-diamine or N,N'-diethylphenylene-p-diamine.

Abstract: A chemical mixture containing 40% by weight of sugar in water, approximately 0.4% by weight of a shading agent such as strontium nitrate and approximately 0.06% by weight of a stabilizing agent such as potassium chromate is applied to the surface of hard rock maple or print grade maple veneer. When the surface of the wood is subjected to heat in the range of 100.degree. F. to 900.degree. F. and pressure in the range of 5 psi to 2000 psi the color of wood is charged substantially to approach the reddish color of cherry. The degree of color is varied by adjusting the temperature or amount of shading agent. When an embossing step is to be performed on the wood, the chemical coloring mixture is applied to the surface of the wood and the two steps (embossing and staining) are carried out simultaneously.

Abstract: A process and product of waste recovery at phosphorus furnaces is disclosed wherein small sized discrete particles of carbonaceous material or beneficiated phosphate ore are mixed with a mineral acid, an alkaline fluid and water, and the reacted mixture is tumbled in a horizontal cylinder at a temperature below that at which the carbonaceous material oxidizes to form agglomerates which are then indurated to discrete particulate size as desired for a charge component; the agglomerates are fed to a phosphorus smelting furnace together with other materials needed to make elemental phosphorus, furnace gases are cooled with recirculating water, a side stream of the water is taken off, treated, and used as feedstock in fluid fertilizers. Apparatus is disclosed for agglomerating coke and phosphate and; further, for measuring the abrasion and shatter resistance of agglomerates.

Abstract: Mineral-containing polymeric compositions of matter having high aqueous dispersibility, and methods of synthesizing the same, are disclosed which permit nutritionally important elements such as calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, iron and certain trace elements to be added in aqueous form to foods of all types without adversely affecting taste qualities. The compositions generally are high molecular weight species having moieties of the generalized formula ##STR1## wherein M.sub.1 and M.sub.2 are polyvalent metals, A.sub.1 and A.sub.2 are respectively taken from the group consisting of hydrogen, ammonium and the alkali metals, and X is an organic acid moiety having at least three carboxyl groups therein (preferably citrate). The synthesis preferably includes the steps of admixing in water a metal cation source, a potassium phosphate source and an organic acid, followed by heating and further agitation. Dispersibility of the compositions is enhanced by the use of adjuncts such as hydroxyl sources (e.g.

Abstract: Dibromostyrene is stabilized against unwanted polymerization by incorporating therein a stabilizing amount of phenothiazine or a substituted phenothiazine such as 3,3'-dioctylphenothiazine. The phenolthiazine can be admixed with a dihydroxy aromatic compound such as 4-methyl catechol.

Abstract: A kit for synthesizing a scent substantially similar to that produced in the anal glands of skunks is provided, consisting essentially of a first component comprising an aqueous solution of a trans-crotyl isothiuronium salt and a second component comprising an aqueous solution of base that, when combined, yield trans-2-butene-1-thiol.A method for using the subject kit to mask human odor from detection by wild animals is also provided.

Abstract: An aqueous acid concentrate in unit dosage form, suitable for use in compounding a hemodialysis dialysate, is disclosed. The concentrate contains water, chloride ion in a concentration of about 3.5 Molar to about 4.7 Molar, sodium ion in a concentration of about 1.9 Molar to about 2.7 Molar, and dextrose in a concentration of about 0 Molar to about 0.4 Molar. Additionally, the concentrate may contain acetate group in a concentration of up to about 0.525 Molar, calcium ion in a concentration of up to about 0.125 Molar, potassium ion in a concentration of up to about 0.14 Molar, and magnesium ion in a concentration of up to about 0.09 Molar.

Abstract: Described are cis-3-hexenyl derivatives having the generic structure: ##STR1## wherein R is one of the moieties: ##STR2## which are useful in foodstuffs, flavorings, fragrances, perfumed articles (e.g. anionic, cationic or nonionic detergents, dryer-added fabric softener articles and cosmetic powders) and smoking tobacco flavorings; processes for producing such cis-3-hexenyl derivatives and products produced according to such processes which include chemical compounds in addition to said cis-3-hexenyl derivatives.

Abstract: Significant enhancement of titanium dioxide recovery from a titaniferous ore is achieved by improving the efficiency of the comminution of the ore with the use of polyols of the formula:R--C--R'OH).sub.3wherein R is alkyl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4), or hydroxyalkyl (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4) containing up to 3 hydroxy groups, and wherein R' is alkylene (C.sub.1 -C.sub.4).

Abstract: A microwave heating package, and a method of microwave heating. Both the package and the method employ a lossy chemical susceptor which upon continued exposure to microwave radiation becomes substantially microwave transparent, thus building into the system a unique maximum temperature shut off at the point at which the chemical susceptor becomes microwave transparent. The chemical susceptor is comprised of a combination of a solute, such as inorganic salts of Group IA and IIA, and a polar solvent for the solute, such as water. The chemical susceptor may be composed of a hydrated form of the inorganic salts. The package, method and chemical susceptor may be used for microwave heating of many products, including among others, food products.

Abstract: A method is described for the preparation of high surface area metal fluorides and metal oxyfluorides comprising reacting high surface area metal oxides with a fluorocarbon vapor wherein the fluorocarbon is selected from the group consisting of CH.sub.4-Q F.sub.Q wherein Q is 1 to 3 and totally or partially fluorinated C.sub.2 -C.sub.6 alkanes, alkenes and alkynes and C.sub.5 -C.sub.6 cyclic alkanes, preferably fluoroform (CHF.sub.3) wherein the metal oxides and the fluorocarbon vapors are contacted at a temperature of from about 300.degree. to about 800.degree. C., for a time sufficient to effect the essentially complete conversion of the metal oxides into metal fluorides or the partial conversion of the metal oxides into metal oxyfluorides.

Abstract: A method of treating organic waste involves slurrying the organic waste in water with a member selected from the group consisting of potassium carbonate, ammonium nitrate and ammonium nitrite. The slurry is heated to a temperature of 100.degree. C. to 420.degree. C. After heating, volatile hydrocarbons and organic compounds are distilled therefrom. The volatile hydrocarbons are collected and the residue from the distillation is recovered.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for a polymeric foam such as a polyurethane foam prepared from a reaction mixture comprising an organic polyisocyanate compound and a compound having more than one active hydrogen, wherein the blowing agent comprises a mixture of ethanol and dibutylphthalate. The molar ratio of ethanol to dibutylphthalate is preferably in the range of from about 1.5 to about 4.

Abstract: A handling additive composition increases the plasticity and reduces the stickiness of commercial silicone elastomer bases when it is added to them. The composition is obtained by mixing boric acid, polyhydroxy alcohol and filler.

Abstract: This invention relates to a method for the removal of heparin from heparin-containing plasma test samples using an insoluble protamine reaction product, without adversely affecting subsequent testing of the plasma for clotting time. Protamine sulfate or a combination of protamine sulfate and serum albumin is cross-linked with glutaraldehyde to form an insoluble reaction product which is capable of adsorbing heparin. According to the method of this invention, excess amounts of either of the cross-linked protamine reaction products are added to blood plasma samples containing heparin and the mixture is agitated for a time sufficient to permit adsorption of substantially all heparin present. The insoluble protamine heparin complex formed is removed from the plasma along with any excess insoluble protamine reaction product. Aliquots of the heparin-free plasma may be subjected to coagulation tests in order to determine true clotting time.

Abstract: Solid constant release composition wherein (a) the solution of soluble core substance within the core space remains saturated during dissolution and (b) the shape and (c) the surface of the coating and (d) the diffusion path for the soluble core substance through the porous coating remains constant while the composition is in a liquid medium, which composition is very useful in media in which constant release during substantially the whole release period is desired, for example, for medical, chemical and fermentation purposes.

Abstract: A sublimable composition comprising sublimable hydrocarbons and sublimable polar compounds, which is useful as a carrier for perfume, a mothproofing agent, a deodorant, and the like; a process for producing a molding from the above composition; and a sublimable multi-layer molding.

Abstract: In an envelope opening process in which an aqueous solution of a chemical degradation agent, such as tartaric acid is applied to envelope edges and the envelope edges are then heated and subjected to a mild mechanical action, penetration of the degradation agent through the envelope paper at its edges is assured by including in the aqueous solution from 2.5% to 30% of a glycol ether, such as ethylene glycol ethyl ether.

Abstract: Esters are treated with alkali metal borohydride to produce alcohols. Substantially constant boiling admixtures of: methanol/methyl heptafluorobutyrate, water/1,1-dihydroheptafluorobutanol, and water/methyl heptafluorobutyrate are described.

Abstract: Straight chain perfluoroolefins compounds of medium length with terminal or double bonds and a minor proportion of trifluoromethyl side chains or mixtures of such perfluoroolefins with perfluoro paraffins of equal chain length and corresponding structure, the perfluoroolefins being present in the mixture in an amount of 40 to 70%. The compounds are valuable as highly reactive intermediate products in the production of surface active agents. The compounds are made by subjecting a highly fluorinated organic compound to degradation by means of a high energy radiation of a density of 0.3 to 3.0 W/cm.sup.2 effected in a radiation chamber which has been subjected to a preceding rinsing with an inert gas or with a monomeric highly fluorinated organic compound.

Abstract: Esters are treated with alkali metal borohydride to produce alcohols. Substantially constant boiling admixtures of: methanol/methyl heptafluorobutyrate, water/1,1-dihydroheptafluorobutanol, and water/methyl heptafluorobutyrate are described.

Abstract: The susceptibility of a material to heating by exposure to microwave energy which material has slight or no such susceptibility is improved by mixing it in granular form with a microave reactive agent also in granular form which is capable of substantially responding to microwave energy. An article made from this mixture can be directly heated with microwave energy.

Abstract: Mineral-containing polymeric compositions of matter having high aqueous dispersibility, and methods of synthesizing the same, are disclosed which permit nutritionally important elements such as calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium, iron and certain trace elements to be added in aqueous form to foods of all types without adversely affecting taste qualities. The compositions generally are high molecular weight species having moieties of the generalized formula ##STR1## wherein M.sub.1 and M.sub.2 are preferably taken from the group consisting of calcium, magnesium, iron, nickel, copper, boron, zinc, manganese and molybdenum, A.sub.1 and A.sub.2 are respectively taken from the group consisting of hydrogen and the alkali metals, and X is an organic acid moiety having at least three carboxyl groups therein (preferably citrate). The synthesis preferably includes the steps of admixing in water a cation source, a potassium phosphate source and an organic acid, followed by heating and further agitation.

Abstract: A vinyl chloride polymer composition containing small proportions of a dialkyl pentaerythritol diphosphite and a solid, aliphatic polyhydroxy compound. The composition is characterized by good thermal stability and resistance to coloration on exposure to ultraviolet light.

Abstract: This invention provides for an improvement in slurry transport systems, especially coal slurry lines. Instead of the usual use of fresh water resources which, in some geographic areas, are scarce for slurry transport, concentrated brine is used which is prepared from abundant salt water resources. Because of the higher density of this concentrated brine, it is a superior carrier of pulverized material. It dimishes the separation and settling tendency of slurry components during transport and particularly during shutdown. Other advantages in the use of concentrated brine include: freezing point depression which permits ease of transport during winter and at lower temperatures; dust suppression of stored coal; avoidance of spontaneous combustion of stored coal; inhibit freeze packing of dewatered pipeline coal; and diminished extent of corrosion in ferrous metal pipelines as compared to that which might occur with lower concentration brines.

Abstract: A coated, rounded, solid calcium hypochlorite granule is described which is comprised of granular calcium hypochlorite encapsulated with a plurality of layers of an inorganic salt other than calcium hypochlorite. The inorganic salt is admixed with sufficient alkaline material to form a coating which has a pH in dilute aqueous solution at ambient temperature of at least about nine or higher. The inorganic salt is selected from a group consisting of the chloride, chlorate, nitrate, bromide, bromate and sulfate of an alkali metal. The alkaline material is selected from the group consisting of calcium hydroxide, strontium hydroxide, barium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide and mixtures thereof. The inorganic salt coating comprises from about 4 to about 45 percent by weight of the calcium hypochlorite granule. The coated, rounded, solid granule of this invention is highly stable and resists chemical decomposition and dusting during storage.

Abstract: A material in slurry form is heat treated by being sprayed onto a fluidized bed wherein its combustible component is burnt to generate heat. Elutriated fines material is recycled to the bed to control the mean particle size distribution in the bed and in such a manner as to secure that the sprayed material contacts at least some of the recycled fines.

Abstract: Fingerprint powder and method for developing latent fingerprints therewith, such powder comprised of a powder carrier, especially a mixture of silica and talc, containing a coloring agent, preferably a fluorescent dye. The fingerprint powder can be applied by blowing the powder over a surface containing latent fingerprints, or by brushing or pouring the powder on such surface, or by immersion thereof in such powder, thus developing and revealing a bright, sharp fingerprint, which can be photographed or lifted by applying tape or a strippable coating over the print.

Abstract: A process for forming a dispersion of dicalcium phosphate in montmorillonite clay comprising mixing sodium montmorillonite with dicalcium phosphate and some water, and subjecting the mixture to dry heat.

Abstract: Constant boiling binary admixtures are formed by 1,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethane (F-132B) with acetone, with methanol, and with ethanol; and a constant boiling ternary admixture is formed with diethyl ether and ethanol. Constant boiling binary admixtures are formed by 1,1,2-trifluoroethane (F-132) with octafluorocyclobutane, with 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, with dichlorofluoromethane, with trichlorofluoromethane, with 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, and with 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-chloroethane.

Abstract: The composition based on nitrated synthetic musk, contains about 0.5 to 50% y weight with respect to the total composition, of a modifying agent, the complement to 100% being constituted by the nitrated synthetic musk. The modifying agent is a solid non-filmformer, at least partially soluble in lower alcohols and being in addition odorless and non-toxic or non-irritant in contact with human tissue. It is specially useful in the perfumery, washing materials and detergent industries.

Abstract: The reaction product of a hydroxy ether and a pentavalent phosphorus compound with a short chain and/or long chain alcohol can be employed to gel organic liquids by mixing the reaction product with an organic liquid in the presence of certain aluminum activator compounds.

Abstract: A dry homogeneous admixture including a bulk material, a micro-ingredient, and a solid particulate tracer in a preselected ratio to the micro-ingredient, comprising a vehicle of ground iron or other ferromagnetic material that will become magnetized by a magnetic field, but loses its magnetism in the absence of such a field. The vehicle itself serves as the tracer when used with magnetic detection techniques. Additional tracers are provided by coating the vehicle with detectable coatings such as dyes.

Abstract: Constant boiling binary admixtures are formed by 1,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethane (F-132B) with acetone, with methanol, and with ethanol; and a constant boiling ternary admixture is formed with diethyl ether and ethanol. Constant boiling binary admixtures are formed by 1,1,2-trifluoroethane (F-132) with octafluorocyclobutane, with 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, with dichlorofluoromethane, with trichlorofluoromethane, with 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, and with 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-chloroethane.

Abstract: Constant boiling binary admixtures are formed by 1,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethane (F-132B) with acetone, with methanol, and with ethanol; and a constant boiling ternary admixture is formed with diethyl ether and ethanol. Constant boiling binary admixtures are formed by 1,1,2-trifluoroethane (F-132) with octafluorocyclobutane, with 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane, with dichlorofluoromethane, with trichlorofluoromethane, with 1,1,2-trichloro-1,2,2-trifluoroethane, and with 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-chloroethane.

Abstract: Improvements in polymer/polyol compositions which are convertible by reaction with polyisocyanates to polyurethanes which are pigmented to a medium to dark color and which inherently chalk upon exposure to weather and wherein the polymer of the polymer/polyol composition is dispersed in the polyol thereof and is formed from one or more polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomers. The improvement provides to said polyurethanes resistance to chalking on exposure to weather and in one embodiment comprises the presence, in the polymer/polyol compositions used to make the polyurethanes, of a metallocene from the class consisting of ferrocene, ferrocene derivatives, cobaltocene and nickelocene in an amount effective to provide chalk resistance. Optionally, the metallocene can be present in the polyisocyanate composition instead of the polymer/polyol composition.

Abstract: A novel chemical compound poly-dicarbon monofluoride represented by the formula (C.sub.2 F).sub.n and having a crystalline structure of packing form featured by its layer structure as shown in FIG. 12 hereof stacked with an interlayer spacing of about 9.0 A. Such new compound can be produced under relatively mild reaction conditions and obtained in a yield as large as 100% with respect to not only the carbon material employed but also the fluorine employed. The new compound is black under the formation conditions and of low crystallinity, but it can be easily converted to that of high crystallinity and white color by heat treatment in a fluorine atmosphere. The new compound has a wide variety of uses, for example, as lubricants, stain-resistant and water-repellent materials, cathode materials in high energy primary cells, etc.

Abstract: The invention concerns orthoester and orthocarbonate polymers having a repeating mer comprising a hydrocarbon radical and a symmetrical dioxycarbon unit of the general formula: ##STR1## WHEREIN R.sub.1 is a multivalent hydrocarbon radical, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are hydrocarbon radicals with at least one of R.sub.2 or R.sub.3 bonded to the dioxycarbon through an oxygen linkage, and which polymers are synthesized by reacting a polyol with an orthoester or orthocarbonate. The polymers are useful for making articles of manufacture, including devices and coatings for delivering beneficial agents.

Abstract: A heat-sensitive coating adapted to acquire a stable color contrasting with the background color in selected regions that are heated to an elevated temperature. The coating comprises (1) a piperidine derivative substituted in the 4 position with an aromatic group and a hydroxyl group or a hydrogen atom, (2) a cyclic polyketo compound reactive with the piperidine derivative to form a dye, and (3) a polymeric binder for binding the reactants to a substrate.

Abstract: An oil immersion liquid consisting of silicone oil for fluorescence microscopes which does not emit any auto fluorescence and therefore permits observing microscopic images of fluorescent substances with high contrast when such specimens are observed through oil immersion type objectives using this oil immersion liquid.

Abstract: Calcium hypochlorite compositions useful as bleaching agents and disinfectants are produced by the reaction of solid granular quicklime with a gaseous mixture of dichlorine monoxide and an inert gas. The process takes place in the absence of a solvent and produces dry, free-flowing Ca(OCl).sub.2 compositions.

Abstract: This invention relates to the preparation of oil-soluble chromium compositions of high chromium content, such as from about 15 to 30% chromium; to the resulting products; and to the use of such products, for example, as fuel additives, such as additives employed in turbine fuel as corrosion inhibitors, and other uses.

Abstract: A heat-sensitive recording composition containing normally colorless lactones or spiropyran compounds in combination with hydrogen bonded molecular complexes of phenolic compounds having a dissociation temperature ranging from 50.degree. to 220.degree. C. The composition of the invention is less sensitive to pressure and less susceptible to background staining, image flooding, moisture sensitivity, odor, railroading and burnout problems as compared with compositions in which phenolic compounds are not complexed.

Abstract: A heat reactive recording composition capable of acquiring a stable color in selected regions contrasting with the background color of the sheet upon exposing these regions to an elevated temperature and comprising a paper or polymeric film substrate and a coating comprising (1) an N-substituted condensation product of a heterocyclic diimino compound and an aromatic aldehyde and (2) a cyclic polyketo compound reactive with amines and amides at elevated temperatures to form a color.

Abstract: Mixing vinyl-containing polyorganosiloxane, a silicon-bonded hydrogen containing organosilicon compound, a platinum catalyst, a polysiloxane having at least one silicon-bonded vinyl radical and at least one silicon-bonded hydroxyl radical and an epoxy-containing, alkoxy silane provides a composition which exhibits improved adhesion to many substrates without the aid of a primer when heat cured in contact with the substrate. An example of the polysiloxane is a hydroxyl endblocked polymethylvinylsiloxane and an example of the epoxy silane is ##STR1## The compositions not only have self-adhering properties but also exhibit an extended pot life. The compositions can be prepared by mixing the polysiloxane and epoxy silane at room temperature and thereafter adding the mixture to the other ingredients. The remaining ingredients can be in the form of a two package product in which the polysiloxane-epoxy mixture is added to one package before the packages are mixed to form a curable product.

Abstract: A novel chemical compound poly-dicarbon monofluoride represented by the formula (C.sub.2 F).sub.n and having a crystalline structure of packing form .[.featured by its layer structure as shown in FIG. 12 hereof.]. stacked with an interlayer spacing of about 9.0 A. Such new compound can be produced under relatively mild reaction conditions and obtained in a yield as large as 100% with respect to not only the carbon material employed but also the fluorine employed. The new compound is black under the formation conditions and of low crystallinity, but it can be easily converted to that of high crystallinity and white color by heat treatment in a fluorine atmosphere. The new compound has a wide variety of uses, for example, as lubricants, stain-resistant and water-repellent materials, cathode materials in high energy primary cells, etc.