Dry, Combustion Type Patents (Class 252/5)
  • Patent number: 11799153
    Abstract: The present disclosure discloses a battery casing, a method for manufacturing the same, and a device including a battery casing. A battery casing includes a casing body, a plurality of battery cells accommodated in the casing body, and a fire protection plate which is disposed inside the casing body at least corresponding to the plurality of battery cells and includes a thermal aerosol fire protection layer which includes an aerosol generating agent, wherein a total mass A of the aerosol generating agent in the casing body and a free space volume B of the casing body satisfy a relationship as represented by 0.03 g/L?A/B?8 g/L.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 20, 2021
    Date of Patent: October 24, 2023
    Assignee: Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited
    Inventors: Tongxin Chang, Tianming Chen, Ruiqi Han, Zhiming Chen
  • Patent number: 10905911
    Abstract: The present composition for extinguishant mainly comprises of composite A and compound B; wherein said Composite A further comprises Compound C or Compound C and e-glass fibre and Compound B is water or deionized water; wherein further, said Compound C is in turn synthetic hydrated calcium silicate of density 60 to 450 kg/m3 preferably 90 to 400 kg/m3; which includes range of Tobermorite, Xenotlite and Wollastonite; said Compound C contains negligible amounts of Fe2O3MgO and Al2O3. Said Composite A comprises of 93-96% Compound C and 7-4% e-glass fibre and Compound B is at room temperature. The wet composition of present composition for extinguishant comprises of 2% to 18% W/V of Composite A in Compound B, and dry composition for extinguishant comprises of Composite A:compound B=82-98%:18-2%.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 3, 2017
    Date of Patent: February 2, 2021
    Assignee: Achuk Environmental Solutions Pvt. Ltd.
    Inventor: Rahul Abhaykumar Shah
  • Patent number: 10668311
    Abstract: An inert gas-generating fire suppression composition is disclosed, consisting essentially of an oxidizer, comprising ammonium dinitramide and strontium nitrate, a fuel, comprising potassium isocyanurate, a gas-generate fuel, comprising guanidine nitrate and a quantity of carbon black.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 23, 2018
    Date of Patent: June 2, 2020
    Assignee: GOODRICH CORPORATION
    Inventor: Karl G Reimer
  • Patent number: 10026510
    Abstract: A process is described for synthesizing a mixed peroxide or hydroxo-peroxide of an actinyl and at least one cation X1, wherein the actinyl is a uranyl or neptunyl and the at least one cation X1 is a di-, tri- or tetra-charged metal cation. This process includes the reaction in a solvent of a salt of the at least one cation X1 with a compound C2 selected from mixed peroxides and hydroxo-peroxides of the actinyl and of at least one singly charged cation X2, whereby compound C2 is converted to the peroxide or hydroxo-peroxide by replacement of the at least one cation X2 by said at least one cation X1. Also disclosed is a process for synthesizing a mixed oxide of an actinide selected from uranium and neptunium, and of at least one metal able to form a di-, tri- or tetra-charged cation, which implements the preceding synthesis process.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 18, 2014
    Date of Patent: July 17, 2018
    Assignee: Orano Cycle
    Inventors: Florent Blanchard, Francis Abraham, Stéphane Grandjean, Nicolas Vigier, Isabelle Hablot, Murielle Rivenet
  • Patent number: 9717939
    Abstract: The disclosure relates to a fire extinguishing composition containing a transition metal compound, comprising a salt of an organic acid of the fourth period elements in a subgroup and the group VIII; and using a pyrotechnic agent as a heat source and a power source, reacting through heat emitted by igniting the pyrotechnic agent to burn and outputting a fire extinguishing material.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 16, 2012
    Date of Patent: August 1, 2017
    Assignee: XI'AN WESTPEACE FIRE TECHNOLOGY CO., LTD
    Inventors: Tao Wei, Tao Ji, Shengxin Liu
  • Patent number: 9662522
    Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a fire extinguishing composition containing saccharide and a saccharide derivative, comprising a saccharide derivative, a saccharide material and an auxiliary fire extinguishing agent, whose mass percentages are respectively: saccharide derivative 30%-60%, saccharide material 10%-40%, and auxiliary fire extinguishing agent 10%-30%. The fire extinguishing composition uses a pyrotechnic agent as a heat source and a power source, is heated and decomposed or reacts by using the heat of burning of the pyrotechnic agent, to generate a fire extinguishing material to be sprayed together with the fireworks agent, thereby achieving the fire extinguishing purpose. The fire extinguishing composition of the present disclosure uses a saccharide derivative and a saccharide material as primary ingredients, uses a pyrotechnic agent as a heat source and a power source, and is easily decomposed after being heated to generate non-toxic and harmless gas.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 16, 2012
    Date of Patent: May 30, 2017
    Assignee: XI'AN J&R FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT CO., LTD
    Inventors: Yi Liu, Junna Yao, Zhanjun Yang
  • Patent number: 9409045
    Abstract: A fire extinguishing system comprises a hermetically sealed storage canister (110) fabricated with at least one gas outlet (111) and defining a hollow (112) within; a powder form fire extinguishing agent (120) stored inside the canister (110): a solid propellant (130), which is ignitable to generate gases (135); connected to the canister (110); and a rupturable seal (140) disposed at the gas outlet (111), wherein the solid propellant (130) generates gasses to aerate the fire extinguishing agent (120) inside the canister (110) and build a positive gas pressure until the gas pressure is sufficient to rupture the seal (140) for discharging the fire extinguishing agent (120) under pressurized gas flow (150).
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 20, 2012
    Date of Patent: August 9, 2016
    Assignee: PYROGEN MANUFACTURING SDN BHD
    Inventor: Julia Berezovsky
  • Patent number: 9283414
    Abstract: A solid propellant gas generator releases a flowing mixture from a solid propellant, separated from a surrounding area, into the surrounding area. The solid propellant gas generator includes a cooling system for cooling the flowing mixture. The cooling system has at least one feed device for feeding a gas from the surrounding area to the flowing mixture in order to mix the flowing mixture prior to entering into the surrounding area with the gas from the surrounding area.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 11, 2013
    Date of Patent: March 15, 2016
    Assignee: Airbus Defence and Space GmbH
    Inventors: Jens Lemke, Elizabeth Richter, Sebastian Schulz
  • Publication number: 20140332709
    Abstract: A metal-carbonyl-containing fire extinguishing composition comprises metal carbonyl complexes. The fire extinguishing composition uses a pyrotechnic agent as a heat source and a power source. A high temperature in combustion of the pyrotechnic agent enables the fire extinguishing composition to decompose or react under heat; produced fire extinguishing substances are sprayed out together with the pyrotechnic agent, thereby achieving a fire extinguishing objective. In the fire extinguishing composition, by selecting preferable components and optimizing contents of the components, an optimum formula of the fire extinguishing composition is determined, thereby greatly improving the efficacy of the fire extinguishing composition. In addition, efficacies of the components in the fire extinguishing composition are fully utilized, which improves an effective utilization rate of the fire extinguishing composition.
    Type: Application
    Filed: August 16, 2012
    Publication date: November 13, 2014
    Applicant: Xi'an J&R Fire Fighting Equipment Co., Ltd
    Inventors: Wei Tian, Tengfei Zhai, Tao Ji
  • Patent number: 8871110
    Abstract: A fire extinguishing composition generating fire extinguishing substance through chemical reaction of ingredients at high temperature, wherein: the fire extinguishing composition comprises a flame retardant, an oxidant, a reducing agent and an adhesive; contents of each ingredient are: the flame retardant: 50 wt % to 90 wt %; the oxidant: 5 wt % to 30 wt %; the reducing agent: 5 wt % to 10 wt %; the adhesive: 0% to 10 wt %. In a usage of the fire extinguishing composition, a pyrotechnic agent is adopted as a heat source and a power source; and the purpose of fire extinguishing is achieved by: igniting the pyrotechnic agent, and the oxidant and the reducing agent in the fire extinguishing composition are reacted to generate the in the use of high temperature produced by burning the pyrotechnic agent. by burning the pyrotechnic agent, so as to implement fire extinguishing. Different from the traditional aerosol generating agent, there is no external heat source, and the composition itself does not burn.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 7, 2011
    Date of Patent: October 28, 2014
    Assignee: Xi'An J&R Fire Fighting Equipment Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Hongbao Guo, Weipeng Zhang, Sanxue Zhang
  • Patent number: 8865014
    Abstract: The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing composition which generate fire extinguishing substance by high temperature sublimation; the fire extinguishing composition comprising a fire extinguishing material which, in a heating process, can sublimate and release a fire extinguishing substance with fire extinguishing properties; the content of the fire extinguishing material is at least 80 wt %. When the fire extinguishing composition is in use, a pyrotechnic agent as a heat source and a power source; and the purpose of fire extinguishing is achieved by: igniting the pyrotechnic agent, generating a large quantity of fire substance from the fire extinguishing composition in the use of high temperature produced by burning pyrotechnic agent, and the fire substance sprays out together with the pyrotechnic agent.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 7, 2011
    Date of Patent: October 21, 2014
    Assignee: XI'AN J&R Fire Fighting Equipment Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Hongbao Guo, Honghong Liu, Xiaoqing Zhao
  • Patent number: 8778213
    Abstract: The present invention relates to a ferrocene-based fire extinguishing composition. The ferrocene-based fire extinguishing composition comprises ferrocene, a ferrocene derivative, or a combination thereof at a content of 25 mass % or more; when in use, a pyrotechnic agent is used as a heat source and a power source, the pyrotechnic agent is ignited, and the high temperature generated by the combustion of the pyrotechnic agent is utilized to make a fire extinguishing composition produce a large amount of fire extinguishing substance, which is sprayed out together with the pyrotechnic agent, so as to achieve the purpose of extinguishing a fire. Compared with a conventional fire extinguishing composition, a more efficient and safer fire extinguishing composition is provided.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: September 7, 2011
    Date of Patent: July 15, 2014
    Assignee: Xi'An J&R Fire Fighting Equipment Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Hongbao Guo, Honghong Liu
  • Patent number: 8721911
    Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel aging-resistant aerosol generating agent and preparation method thereof. The aging-resistant aerosol generating agent in the present invention comprises oxidizer, reducer and bonding agent, wherein the oxidizer is potassium nitrate, the bonding agent is phenolic resin, and the reducer is melamine; the weight percentages of the three constituents are: potassium nitrate: 60˜80%, phenolic resin: 8˜15%, and melamine: the rest. In the preparation process, phenolic resin is dissolved in ethanol to give phenolic resin solution at concentration by 40˜50 wt %; the oxidizer and reducer are pulverized, mixed, and then the phenolic resin solution is added to the mixed powder; next, the mixture is agitated, pelletized, dried, and shaped by pressure molding. Compared to that in the prior art, the aerosol generating agent in the present invention has higher fire suppression efficiency and higher fire suppression rate, and greatly improved aging resistant performance.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 3, 2010
    Date of Patent: May 13, 2014
    Assignee: Shaanxi J & R Fire Fighting Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Hongbao Guo, Gaofeng Zheng, Weipeng Zhang
  • Patent number: 8715540
    Abstract: The present invention provides combined property, dual-action aqueous and dry compositions for application to a material, such as conventional Gypsum Wall Board, ceiling tiles, joint compounds, concrete and other interior building materials, prior to an exposure of the material to fire, or prior to, during or after exposure of the material to conditions favorable to the growth of microbes, and related methods. When compositions within the present invention are properly applied to a material prior to the material being exposed to fire, or prior to, during or after the material being exposed to conditions favorable to the growth of microbes, these compositions have the effect of reducing the amount of burning that occurs to the material, and/or reducing the amount or density of smoke and associated toxic gases produced by the material, when the material is exposed to fire.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 11, 2009
    Date of Patent: May 6, 2014
    Assignee: MG3 Technologies Inc.
    Inventors: Jon Lee Curzon, Thomas William Smoot
  • Publication number: 20140060859
    Abstract: Abatement of combustion by Li-ion battery is achieved by positioning a mixture comprising a thermally destabilizable solid fluoropolymer and a fluorinated composition with respect to the battery, the positioning being effective to provide the abatement of combustion of the battery, the mixture preferably being a semi-solid and having the proximity to the battery to provide the combustion abatement effect, preferably as a coating on at least a portion of the battery.
    Type: Application
    Filed: August 22, 2013
    Publication date: March 6, 2014
    Applicant: EI DU PONT DE NEMOURS AND COMPANY
    Inventors: Dennis J. Kountz, James R. Hoover, George Martin Pruce
  • Patent number: 8652346
    Abstract: A fire-extinguishing aerosol composition for common electric apparatuses is disclosed, which includes oxidant, combustible, adhesive and additive. The composition of the present invention is characterized in that the oxidant is the mixture of the potassium salt and the strontium salt, in which the content of the potassium salt oxidant is more than or equal to 15 mass % to less than 20 mass % of the total mass of the composition, and the content of the strontium salt oxidant is more than 48 mass % to less than or equal to 52 mass % of the total mass of the composition. In the fire-extinguishing aerosol composition of the present invention, the mean particle diameter of all components is less than or equal to 50 ?m. After quenching the fire in a space with the heavy current electric apparatus, the fire-extinguishing aerosol composition of the present invention can ensure that the insulation resistance of the common electric apparatus is ranged from 20M? to 100M?.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 14, 2007
    Date of Patent: February 18, 2014
    Assignee: Shaanxi J&R Fire Fighting Co., Ltd
    Inventors: Hongbao Guo, Zanfeng Zhang
  • Publication number: 20140041882
    Abstract: The invention is directed to a fire-extinguishing composition comprising an oxidant, a secondary fuel and a phenol-formaldehyde resin, wherein the phenolformaldehyde resin molecule contains more than 3 aromatic ring structures and its use to extinguish a fire, especially a fire in an enclosed space. The invention is also directed to a process to prepare such a composition and to the use of the composition to extinguish a fire by an aerosol which is formed during burning of the composition.
    Type: Application
    Filed: February 14, 2012
    Publication date: February 13, 2014
    Applicant: AF-X SYSTEMS B.V.
    Inventor: Hans Van Der Jagt
  • Publication number: 20130202758
    Abstract: Potassium bicarbonate is coated with an anionic or amphoteric surfactant, which is preferably a metal soap, such as calcium stearate, to inhibit caking on storage, and premature loss of carbon dioxide when mixed with acidulant, e.g. in a baking powder or self-raising flour blend. Loss of carbon dioxide in the blend may be further inhibited by coating the acidulant with surfactant. Combination of surfactant coating with an inorganic anti-caking agent such as silicon dioxide gives synergistic protection against caking of the potassium bicarbonate. Preferably the bicarbonate has D50 of between 35 and 200? and is free from particles greater than 400?.
    Type: Application
    Filed: March 16, 2011
    Publication date: August 8, 2013
    Applicant: KUDOS BLENDS LTD.
    Inventors: Daniel James Brown, Diana Jordan
  • Patent number: 8475759
    Abstract: The present invention relates to a chemical composition and method of generating carbon dioxide for use with an insect monitor and/or capture device comprising: i) an effervescent agent; ii) a solid acid; iii) a deliquescent agent; and optionally iv) an anti-clumping agent.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 5, 2011
    Date of Patent: July 2, 2013
    Assignee: FMC Corporation
    Inventors: Bruce C. Black, Shreya Sheth, Linda Varanyak
  • Patent number: 8453751
    Abstract: A fire control system according to various aspects of the present invention includes an extinguishant configured to absorb heat from the fire. In one embodiment, the extinguishant is configured to absorb thermal radiation from the fire and inhibit reflection of thermal radiation from the extinguishant and/or other surfaces back into the fire. In additional and alternative embodiments, the extinguishant includes a thermal absorbant may be configured to transfer heat into the surface and/or interior of suppressant particles or droplets to promote activation of the suppressant.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 15, 2004
    Date of Patent: June 4, 2013
    Assignee: Firetrace USA, LLC
    Inventor: Joseph Michael Bennett
  • Patent number: 8231801
    Abstract: A fire-extinguishing aerosol for precision electric appliance is disclosed, which includes oxidant, flammable agent, adhesive and additive. The composition of the present invention is characterized in that the oxidant is the mixture of the potassium salt and the strontium salt, in which the content of the potassium salt oxidant is more than or equal to 5 mass % to less than 15 mass % of the total mass of the composition, and the content of the strontium salt oxidant is more than 52 mass % to less than or equal to 60 mass % of the total mass of the composition. In the fire-extinguishing aerosol composition of the present invention, the particle average diameter of all components is less than 50 ?m. After quenching the fire in the space in which the precision electric appliance is installed, the fire-extinguishing aerosol composition of the present invention can ensure that the dielectric resistance of the precision electric appliance is more than or equal to 100 M?.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 14, 2007
    Date of Patent: July 31, 2012
    Assignee: Shaanxi J&R Fire Fighting Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Hongbao Guo, Zanfeng Zhang
  • Patent number: 8182711
    Abstract: The present invention is directed to pyrotechnic aerosol fire suppression compositions that burn rapidly, but coolly. The rapid burning of the compositions of the present invention produces a voluminous flame-suppressive aerosol that is useful in suppressing and/or extinguishing both small and large fires. The compositions of the invention contain at least one oxidizer and a fuel component comprising at least one organic acid salt, which combination produces a rapid burning composition that burns at low temperatures with little or no flame and have a low heat of combustion.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 8, 2011
    Date of Patent: May 22, 2012
    Assignee: Goodrich Corporation
    Inventors: Philip L. Posson, Mark L. Clark
  • Patent number: 8147706
    Abstract: A low temperature flameless aerosol producing fire extinguishing composition containing potassium nitrate and binding fuel is characterized by using cellulose-fibrous mass as a binding fuel, with potassium nitrate at 30-70% and fibrous cellulose mass making up the remainder. A production method for the composition is further provided.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 10, 2010
    Date of Patent: April 3, 2012
    Assignee: ATOZ Design Labs Co., Limited
    Inventors: Zachary Joseph Zeliff, Liana Vladimirovna Loveless, Vladimir Victorovich Kutsel, Aleksander Ivanovich Doronichev
  • Publication number: 20120034482
    Abstract: A flexible planar carrier bears an aerosol-producing fire extinguishing composition. The carrier can be an integral part of the composition when saturated with a solution that, upon combustion of the prepared carrier, produces fire extinguishing aerosol, or can bear the composition, providing structural support and/or thermal insulation, depending on requirements of the specific application. The carrier may have a thermal insulating layer applied on the mounting side, insulating the mounting surface and the prepared material, and may further have a hydrophobic layer applied at least on its active surface. The flexible planar carrier enables a stable, workable application of the composition to be easily deployed along any planar surface, providing instant low-impact extinguishment of flames over a wide area.
    Type: Application
    Filed: August 6, 2010
    Publication date: February 9, 2012
    Inventors: Zachary Joseph Zeliff, Liana Vladimirovna Loveless, Stanislav Vladimirovich Kutsel
  • Patent number: 7906034
    Abstract: The present invention is directed to pyrotechnic aerosol fire suppression compositions that burn rapidly, but coolly. The rapid burning of the compositions of the present invention produces a voluminous flame-suppressive aerosol that is useful in suppressing and/or extinguishing both small and large fires. The compositions of the invention contain at least one oxidizer and a fuel component comprising at least one organic acid salt, which combination produces a rapid burning composition that burns at low temperatures with little or no flame and have a low heat of combustion.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 1, 2007
    Date of Patent: March 15, 2011
    Assignee: Goodrich Corporation
    Inventors: Philip L. Posson, Mark L. Clark
  • Publication number: 20100294975
    Abstract: A low temperature flameless aerosol producing fire extinguishing composition containing potassium nitrate and binding fuel is characterized by using cellulose-fibrous mass as a binding fuel, with potassium nitrate at 30-70% and fibrous cellulose mass making up the remainder. A production method for the composition is further provided.
    Type: Application
    Filed: May 10, 2010
    Publication date: November 25, 2010
    Inventors: Zachary Joseph Zeliff, Liana Vladimirovna Loveless, Vladimir Victorovich Kutsel, Aleksander Ivanovich Doronichev
  • Publication number: 20100187465
    Abstract: A fire-extinguishing aerosol composition for common electric apparatuses is disclosed, which includes oxidant, combustible, adhesive and additive. The composition of the present invention is characterized in that the oxidant is the mixture of the potassium salt and the strontium salt, in which the content of the potassium salt oxidant is more than or equal to 15 mass % to less than 20 mass % of the total mass of the composition, and the content of the strontium salt oxidant is more than 48 mass % to less than or equal to 52 mass % of the total mass of the composition. In the fire-extinguishing aerosol composition of the present invention, the mean particle diameter of all components is less than or equal to 50 ?m. After quenching the fire in a space with the heavy current electric apparatus, the fire-extinguishing aerosol composition of the present invention can ensure that the insulation resistance of the common electric apparatus is ranged from 20M? to 100M?.
    Type: Application
    Filed: November 14, 2007
    Publication date: July 29, 2010
    Applicant: SHAANXI J&R FIRE FIGHTING CO., LTD.
    Inventors: Hongbao Guo, Zanfeng Zhang
  • Patent number: 7661483
    Abstract: Methods of reducing smoke levels in smoke-affected areas, reducing the level of toxic compounds produced by fires, fire suppression, and increasing flame retardancy. In particular, methods according to the present invention comprise dispersing nanocrystalline particles in the areas affected by smoke for sorption of smoke particulates and toxic compounds produced from a fire. The nanocrystalline particles are also effective for use in methods of fire suppression and flame retardancy.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 22, 2007
    Date of Patent: February 16, 2010
    Assignee: NanoScale Corporation
    Inventors: Ravichandra S. Mulukutla, Paul S. Malchesky, Ronaldo Maghirang, John S. Klabunde, Kenneth J. Klabunde, Olga Koper
  • Publication number: 20090146098
    Abstract: The present invention relates to a powder extinguishing agent used for extinguishing fires of burning light metals. The powder extinguishing agent includes: potassium chloride in an amount from 40% to 50% by weight, sodium chloride in an amount from 45% to 55% by weight, and calcium fluoride in an amount from 2% to 8% by weight. The present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing the powder extinguishing agent.
    Type: Application
    Filed: August 6, 2008
    Publication date: June 11, 2009
    Applicants: Fu Zhun Precision Industry (Shen Zhen) Co., Ltd., Foxconn Technology Co., Ltd.
    Inventors: Guang-Liang Sheu, Li-Qing Zhang
  • Publication number: 20080245537
    Abstract: The present invention is directed to pyrotechnic aerosol fire suppression compositions that burn rapidly, but coolly. The rapid burning of the compositions of the present invention produces a voluminous flame-suppressive aerosol that is useful in suppressing and/or extinguishing both small and large fires. The compositions of the invention contain at least one oxidizer and a fuel component comprising at least one organic acid salt, which combination produces a rapid burning composition that burns at low temperatures with little or no flame and have a low heat of combustion.
    Type: Application
    Filed: October 1, 2007
    Publication date: October 9, 2008
    Inventors: Philip L. Posson, Mark L. Clark
  • Patent number: 7407598
    Abstract: The present invention is directed to pyrotechnic aerosol fire suppression compositions that burn rapidly, but coolly. The rapid burning of the compositions of the present invention produces a voluminous flame-suppressive aerosol that is useful in suppressing and/or extinguishing both small and large fires. The compositions of the invention contain at least one oxidizer and a fuel component comprising at least one organic acid salt, which combination produces a rapid burning composition that burns at low temperatures with little or no flame.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 30, 2004
    Date of Patent: August 5, 2008
    Assignee: Goodrich Corporation
    Inventors: Philip L. Posson, Mark L. Clark
  • Patent number: 7276640
    Abstract: Methods of reducing smoke levels in smoke-affected areas, reducing the level of toxic compounds produced by fires, fire suppression, and increasing flame retardancy. In particular, methods according to the present invention comprise dispersing nanocrystalline particles in the areas affected by smoke for sorption of smoke particulates and toxic compounds produced from a fire. The nanocrystalline particles are also effective for use in methods of fire suppression and flame retardancy.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 18, 2005
    Date of Patent: October 2, 2007
    Assignee: NanoScale Corporation
    Inventors: Ravichandra S. Mulukutla, Paul S. Malchesky, Ronaldo Maghirang, John S. Klabunde, Kenneth J. Klabunde, Olga Koper
  • Patent number: 7182881
    Abstract: A fire extinguishing agent contains at least one compound selected from the group consisting of an alkali hydrogencarbonate and an alkali carbonate, the alkali hydrogencarbonate being thermally decomposed to generate carbon dioxide and an alkali carbonate, a metal oxide that reacts with the alkali carbonate to generate carbon dioxide, and a hydrophobic binder.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 14, 2003
    Date of Patent: February 27, 2007
    Assignee: Kabushiki Kaisha Toshiba
    Inventors: Masahiro Kato, Sawako Yoshikawa, Kenji Essaki, Kazuaki Nakagawa
  • Patent number: 6726766
    Abstract: The present invention is directed to polycrystalline alkali metal or alkaline earth metal beads, in particular CaF2 beads, having a diameter greater than or equal to 100 &mgr;m, advantageously between 100 &mgr;m and 2 cm, and an apparent density greater than 60%, advantageously at least 90%, of the theoretical density of said fluoride. The invention is also directed to a process for the preparation of the foregoing alkali metal and alkaline earth fluoride beads, and for the preparation of single crystals of said fluorides using the foregoing polycrystalline beads.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 22, 2002
    Date of Patent: April 27, 2004
    Inventors: Alexandre M. Mayolet, Michael A. Pell
  • Patent number: 6689285
    Abstract: Fire-fighting equipment utilizes a fire-extinguishing aerosol that is formed during burning of pyrotechnical composite. A pyrotechnical, aerosol-forming fire-extinguishing composite is formed with good deformation strength characteristics, low fire-extinguishing concentration and regulated burning velocity. The pyrotechnical aerosol-forming fire-extinguishing composite contains an oxidizer, a production process additive and burning binder formed by thermoplastic formaldehyde and phenol polycondensate, plasticized by dicarboxylic acid ester and reinforced by polytetrafluoroethylene. The composite is produced by mixing of formaldehyde and phenol polycondensate suspension in an organic solvent and polytetrafluoroethylene dispersion in dicarboxylic acid ester, mixing the resulting composition with an oxidizer and a production process additive with subsequent thermomechanical effect.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 14, 2001
    Date of Patent: February 10, 2004
    Assignee: Techno-TM LLC
    Inventors: Dmitriy Leonidovich Rusin, Anatoliy Petrovich Denisyuk, Dmitriy Borisovich Michalev, Juriy Germanovich Shepelev
  • Patent number: 6451106
    Abstract: A polycrystalline alkali-metal or alkaline-earth metal (more particularly CaF2) fluorides, produced in an original form, namely in the form of beads; said beads having a diameter or equivalent diameter greater than or equal to 100 um, advantageously between 100 um and 2 cm and an apparent density greater than or equal to 60%, advantageously at least 90% of the theoretical density of said fluoride. A process for the preparation of single crystals of the corresponding alkali-metal or alkaline-earth metal fluorides that uses polycrystalline fluorides in the aforementioned original form.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 4, 2000
    Date of Patent: September 17, 2002
    Assignee: Corning Incorporated
    Inventors: Alexandre M. Mayolet, Michael A. Pell
  • Patent number: 6328906
    Abstract: A pyrotechnic gas generant composition includes a high oxygen balance compound or fuel, preferably, azodiformamidine dinitrate, which is the resulting reaction product of an aminoguanidine salt and nitric acid. Specifically, the high oxygen balance compound or fuel of the present invention is the resulting reaction product of aminoguanidine salts, such as aminoguanidine nitrate, aminoguanidine bicarbonate, or aminoguanidine sulfate with nitric acid. Preferably, the aminoguanidine salt is aminoguanidine bicarbonate. The resulting reaction product is a yellow precipitate that can be used alone, with or without oxidizers or other additives, for very rapid self-deflagration or in combination with oxidizers and additives. In each instance, the gas generant composition provides both high gas output and low production of solid combustion products. Further, the precipitant is relatively non-hygroscopic and has a high burn rate.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 20, 1999
    Date of Patent: December 11, 2001
    Assignee: Atlantic Research Corporation
    Inventors: Norman H. Lundstrom, Aaron J. Greso, Robert S. Scheffee
  • Patent number: 6277296
    Abstract: Fire suppressant compositions which are substantially free of ammonium nitrate and which comprise potassium nitrate in an amount sufficient to generate at least about 10 wt. % potassium carbonate when combusted. Most preferably, a guanidine salt, such as guanidine nitrate, is used in combination with the potassium nitrate. The compositions employed in the present invention have low pressure exponents, high burning rates and low flame temperatures.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: November 30, 1999
    Date of Patent: August 21, 2001
    Assignee: Atlantic Research Corporation
    Inventors: Robert S. Scheffee, Jamie B. Neidert, Robert E. Black, III, Robert D. Lynch, James D. Martin
  • Patent number: 6217788
    Abstract: The present invention is directed to a fire suppression composition, comprising a propellant comprising a fuel and an oxidizer, said propellant capable of generating inert gas; and a fire suppression additive selected from the group consisting of iron-containing compounds, non-halide potassium salts, and combinations thereof. Useful iron-containing compounds include ferric oxide, ferric carbonate, ferric oxalate, and iron cyanide dyes. Useful potassium salts include potassium acetate, potassium acetylacetonate, potassium bicarbonate, and potassium carbonate. The invention is also directed to a fire suppression apparatus that utilizes the above fire suppression composition.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: February 15, 2000
    Date of Patent: April 17, 2001
    Assignee: Primex Aerospace Company
    Inventors: Edward J. Wucherer, Gary F. Holland
  • Patent number: 6045637
    Abstract: A solid-solid hybrid gas generator composition includes a solid gas generator material and a solid, flame retardant material. The flame retardant material may include one or more bromine-, chlorine- and phosphorous-containing compounds. The gas generator material and flame retardant material may be in the same vessel.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 28, 1998
    Date of Patent: April 4, 2000
    Assignee: Mainstream Engineering Corporation
    Inventor: Lawrence R. Grzyll
  • Patent number: 6024889
    Abstract: The invention is directed to a chemically active fire suppression composition, comprising a propellant comprising a fuel and an oxidizer, the propellant capable of generating inert gas; and an environmentally innocuous chemical fire suppressant capable of generating fire suppressive reactive species. The combination of physically acting fire suppression agents and chemically acting, environmentally innocuous fire suppression agents results in a highly effective, environmentally innocuous fire extinguishing composition that has low ozone depletion potential (ODP), low global warming potential (GWP), and high suppression efficiency.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: January 29, 1998
    Date of Patent: February 15, 2000
    Assignee: Primex Technologies, Inc.
    Inventors: Gary F. Holland, Michael A. Wilson
  • Patent number: 5938969
    Abstract: A fire suppressant powder with particle sizes less than 5 .mu.m is made by a chemical reaction between a gas or vapour of a first material and a vapour or an aerosol of a second material. For example an aerosol of sodium hydroxide droplets may be reacted with carbon dioxide gas to produce sodium bicarbonate powder; or boron halide vapour may be reacted with steam to form boric acid powder The powder may be used in fire extinguishers either on its own, or combined with other ingredients such as silica and/or alumina, and calcium stearate.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: December 3, 1997
    Date of Patent: August 17, 1999
    Assignee: AEA Technology plc
    Inventor: David Alexander Vodden Morton
  • Patent number: 5831209
    Abstract: The present invention relates to a pyrotechnical, aerosol-forming composition for the purpose of extinguishing fires in confined spaces, containing potassium nitrate in a quantity of 67-72% by mass, phenolformaldehyde resin in a quantity of 8-12% by mass and dicyandiamide as the balance, wherein the particles of the potassium nitrate have a maximum average diameter of 25 .mu.m, the particles of the phenolformaldehyde resin have a maximum average diameter of 100 .mu.m and the particles of the dicyandiamide have a maximum average diameter of 15 .mu.m,A further object of the invention is a method for the preparation of the composition, which can be manufactured in conventional installations, by preparing a phenolformaldehyde solution using a mixture of ethyl alcohol with acetone in a ratio of 30-50:70-50 and by mixing and subsequently granulating during the drying process at 20.degree.-70.degree. C. The drying process is preferably performed at 40.degree. C. by circulating air.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: April 24, 1997
    Date of Patent: November 3, 1998
    Assignee: R-Amtech International, Inc.
    Inventors: Valeriy Nikolaevitch Kozyrev, Valeriy Nilovitch Yemelyanov, Alexey Ivanovitch Sidorov, Vladimir Andreevitch Andreev
  • Patent number: 5660763
    Abstract: Fire fighting compositions are disclosed which are distinguished from the prior art by the presence of alum as a component of the composition, by the use of a combination of salts in concentrations which will form a eutectic mixture when heated, and by the inclusion of a salt of an organic acid which will generate carbon dioxide by the heat of a fire. Additional inorganic salts may be added to increase the effectiveness of the composition. These fire fighting compositions may be permeated into a cellulosic material to provide fire retardant articles of manufacture.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: March 10, 1995
    Date of Patent: August 26, 1997
    Assignee: Thermic Labs, Inc.
    Inventor: George F. Uhlig
  • Patent number: 5626787
    Abstract: A fire extinguishing composition is disclosed consisting essentially of a mixture of (i) desiccated expanded perlite (aluminum silicate) and (ii) mono- and di-ammonium phosphates. The phosphate fraction of the composition preferably includes urea, ammonium chloride, glycerine and mono-ethylene glycol.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: June 30, 1995
    Date of Patent: May 6, 1997
    Inventor: Ronald A. Porter
  • Patent number: 5613562
    Abstract: There is disclosed an apparatus for suppressing a fire. The apparatus includes a gas generator containing as a propellant, a mixture of a fuel, strontium nitrate as an oxidizer, and magnesium carbonate. When the propellant is ignited, a nitrogen rich effluent is generated that is effective to suppress the fire. By providing the propellant with at least 35%, by weight, of magnesium carbonate, the generation of effluent by-products that are corrosive to aluminum is inhibited.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: August 28, 1996
    Date of Patent: March 25, 1997
    Assignee: Olin Aerospace Company
    Inventors: Lyle D. Galbraith, Gary F. Holland, Donald R. Poole, Robert M. Mitchell
  • Patent number: 5520826
    Abstract: A flame extinguishing pyrotechnic which flamelessly deflagrates to produce rimarily nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and a fluoroolefin. The flame extinguishing characteristic is achieved by reducing the content of oxygen proximate the deflagration as well as through the flame suppressing properties of particular fluoroolefins. The pyrotechnic composition contains an azido binder such as glycidyl azide polymer (GAP), an azido plasticizer, a solid tetrazole, and a perfluorocarboxylic acid salt. This composition is cured to a rubbery composite by the addition of an isocyanate.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: May 16, 1994
    Date of Patent: May 28, 1996
    Assignee: The United States of America as represented by the Secretary of the Navy
    Inventors: Russell Reed, Jr., Vicki L. Brady
  • Patent number: RE40651
    Abstract: A class of fire suppressant compounds which have labile bromine atoms bound to atoms other than carbon have been discovered to be more effective at suppressing fires than Halon 1211 and Halon 1301. Moreover, this class of fire suppressant compounds hydrolyze or oxidize rapidly in the troposphere and as a consequence thereof, they have minimal ozone depletion potential.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: July 16, 2004
    Date of Patent: March 10, 2009
    Assignee: Eclipse Aviation Corporation
    Inventors: John H. Huntington, Peter D. Haaland
  • Patent number: RE41557
    Abstract: A class of fire suppressant compounds which have labile bromine atoms bound to atoms other than carbon have been discovered to be more effective at suppressing fires than Halon 1211 and Halon 1301. Moreover, this class of fire suppressant compounds hydrolyze or oxidize rapidly in the troposphere and as a consequence thereof, they have minimal ozone depletion potential.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 31, 2008
    Date of Patent: August 24, 2010
    Assignee: Eclipse Aerospace, Inc.
    Inventors: John H. Huntington, Peter D. Haaland
  • Patent number: RE41558
    Abstract: A class of fire suppressant compounds which have labile bromine atoms bound to atoms other than carbon have been discovered to be more effective at suppressing fires than Halon 1211 and Halon 1301. Moreover, this class of fire suppressant compounds hydrolyze or oxidize rapidly in the troposphere and as a consequence thereof, they have minimal ozone depletion potential.
    Type: Grant
    Filed: October 31, 2008
    Date of Patent: August 24, 2010
    Assignee: Eclipse Aerospace, Inc.
    Inventors: John H. Huntington, Peter D. Haaland