Abstract: The invention is directed to novel methods and compositions useful for improving the performance of electrophoretic displays. The methods comprise adding a high absorbance dye or pigment, or conductive particles, or a conductive filler in the form of nanoparticles and having a volume resistivity of less than about 104 ohm cm, or a charge transport material into an electrode protecting layer of the display.

Abstract: The invention relates to compositions and composite particles that may be employed as anode materials for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs). The invention particularly relates to novel metallic SOFC anode materials, which preferably comprise metallic nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), especially if the Ni/Cu oxide has been stabilized with yttrium (Y) oxide (e.g., Y2O3) and/or zirconium (Zr) oxide (e.g., ZrO2) composition(s) (“YSZ”). Such compositions may additionally comprise a cerium (Ce) oxide (such as CeO2) (e.g., Ni/YSZ/CeO2). The invention particularly concerns such compositions and particles produced through the use of direct deposition or Flame Spray Pyrolysis so as to provide a controlled morphology and chemical composition.

Abstract: Chain end functionalized fluoropolymers are disclosed exhibiting good chemical reactivity high breakdown electric field (E>100 MV/m) and high dielectric constants (i.e., ?>10). The polymers can be prepared by functional initiators and from a variety of fluoromonomers including vinylidene difluoride together with one or more additional monomers. The polymers can be combined with other dielectric materials to form composites having uniform composition and morphology.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell in accordance with one embodiment of the invention includes a first electrode containing a first phase intermixed with a second phase and a network of interconnected pores. The first phase contains a ceramic material and the second phase contains an electrically conductive material providing an electrically contiguous path through the first electrode. The electrochemical cell further includes a second electrode containing an alkali metal. A substantially non-porous alkali-metal-ion-selective ceramic membrane, such as a dense Nasicon, Lisicon, Li ??-alumina, or Na ??-alumina membrane, is interposed between the first and second electrodes.

Abstract: The invention intends to provide, in BaTiO3 semiconductor porcelain composition, a semiconductor porcelain composition that, without using Pb, can shift the Curie temperature to a positive direction and can significantly reduce the resistivity at room temperature. According to the invention, when Ba is partially substituted by an A1 element (at least one kind of Na, K and Li) and an A2 element (Bi) and Ba is further substituted by a specific amount of a Q element, or when Ba is partially substituted by an A1 element (at least one kind of Na, K and Li) and an A2 element (Bi) and Ti is partially substituted by a specific amount of an M element, the optimal valence control can be applied and whereby the resistivity at room temperature can be significantly reduced. Accordingly, it is optimal for applications in a PTC thermistor, a PTC heater, a PTC switch, a temperature detector and the like, and particularly preferably in an automobile heater.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a ferroelectric material that can be effectively used in manufacturing various electric and electronic elements, and a method of forming a ferroelectric layer using the ferroelectric material. The ferroelectric material in accordance with the present invention is composed of a mixture of an inorganic ferroelectric material and an organic ferroelectric material. The method of forming a ferroelectric layer includes: preparing a mixed solution of an inorganic ferroelectric material and an organic material; forming a ferroelectric film by applying the mixed solution onto a substrate; and forming a ferroelectric layer by annealing the ferroelectric film.

Abstract: The methods and devices described herein generally relate to Li4Ti5O12 negative electrodes for lithium ion batteries, methods of preparing the Li4Ti5O12 negative electrodes, and methods of preparing the lithium ion batteries containing such electrodes. The Li4Ti5O12 negative electrode improves the safety performance of the lithium ion battery by preventing or reducing thermal runaway of the lithium ion battery during overcharging.

Abstract: A negative active material for a rechargeable lithium battery, a method of preparing the negative active material, and a rechargeable lithium battery including the negative active material. The negative active material for a rechargeable lithium battery includes lithium titanium oxide (Li4Ti5O12) having a tap density of about 1.2 g/cc to 2.2 g/cc. The lithium titanium oxide is prepared by a mechano-chemical treatment and a heat treatment at a low temperature of about 650° C. to 775° C. According to the present invention, lithium titanium oxide having high crystallinity and tap density can be prepared through a simple and low-cost solid-phase method, e.g., a mechano-chemical treatment, and thus an electrode with excellent electrochemical reactivity and high energy density per volume can be fabricated.

Abstract: An emulsion for preparing a low-conductivity surface for powder coating, the emulsion including an emulsified organofunctional silane solution. A pre-powder coating emulsion provides a surface with conductivity. A non-conductive object having applied to an exterior surface of the object the emulsion including an emulsified organofunctional silane solution.

Abstract: A composite material of complex alloy is provided and it is the Ceramic-Metal Composite based on a thermoelectric material filled with ceramic material. The composite material is represented by the following general formula (I). A1?xBx ??(I) In the general formula (I), 0.05?X?0.2; A represents a Half-Heusler thermoelectric material and its proportional composition is represented with the following formula (II). (Tia1Zrb1Hfc1)1?y?zNiy Snz ??(II) In the general formula (II), 0<a1<1, 0<b1<1, 0<c1<1, a1+b1+c1=1, 0.25?y?0.35, and 0.25?z?0.35; B represents at least one element selected from a group of C, O, and N.

Abstract: This invention relates to lithium-ion batteries and cathode powders for making lithium-ion batteries where the cathode powder comprises a blend or mixture of at least one lithium transition metal poly-anion and with one or more lithium transition-metal oxide powders. A number of different lithium transition-metal oxides are suitable, especially formulations that include nickel, manganese and cobalt. The preferred lithium transition metal poly-anion is carbon-containing lithium vanadium phosphate. Batteries using the mixture or blend of these powders have been found to have high specific capacity, especially based on volume, high cycle life, substantially improved safety issues as compared to lithium transition-metal oxides, per se, and an attractive electrode potential profile.

Abstract: Materials for use in proton transport characterized by several formulas are disclosed. Mixed ion and electron conductors may include metals and/or ceramic electron conductors and a proton conducting material. Hydrogen separation membranes may include porous layers and an electrolyte layer including a proton conducting material and an electron conductor. Hydrogen separation membranes may be formed by thermal spray techniques. Hydrogen separation membranes may include a catalyst layer. A method of separating hydrogen from a mixed gas stream includes passing the mixed gas through a first porous layer to an electrolyte layer, dissociating protons and electrons, diffusing the protons and electrons through the electrolyte layer, recombining them, and passing molecular hydrogen through a second porous layer.

Abstract: A film is presented having super-pyroelectric properties. The film comprises nano-sized grains being in a ferroelectric phase and having at least three different crystallographic variants defining at least two polycrystalline macro-domains. The film is shaped to define at least one film region with the macro-domains of a predetermined shape and different orientations of crystallographic axes with respect to the film's surface, thereby enabling to apply a temperature change to the film to induce movement of the polycrystalline macro-domains boundaries enabling super-pyroelectric properties.

Abstract: A method of forming an array of nanorods on a crystalline substrate includes heating a composition that includes the crystalline substrate, a nanorod precursor, and a surfactant. The surfactant is capable of associating with the surface of the nanorods. The resulting nanostructures formed from the methods may be used in a variety of devices, including dye-sensitizing solar cell devices.

Abstract: Mixture of particles comprising a non-conducting or semi-conducting nucleus covered with a hybrid conductor coating and hybrid conductor chains located between the particles of the mixture to constitute a conductivity network, that is prepared by mechanical crushing. Due to a very good conductivity of the network, a low resistivity, a very good capacity under elevated current and/or a good density of energy, these mixtures of particles are advantageously incorporated in anodes and cathodes of electrochemical generators, resulting in highly performing electrochemical systems.

Abstract: It is intended to provide a semiconductor ceramic composition in which a part of Ba in BaTiO3 is substituted with Bi—Na, which is capable of restraining the evaporation of Bi in the calcination step, is capable of restraining the compositional deviation of Bi—Na thereby suppressing the formation of different phases, is capable of further reducing the resistivity at room temperature, and is capable of restraining the fluctuation of the Curie temperature; and to provide a production process of the same.

Abstract: A Bi12XO20 powder, wherein X represents at least one kind of element selected from the group consisting of Si, Ge, and Ti, is produced by a process comprising: a step (A) of preparing a solution containing the Bi element and a solution containing the X element, a step (B) of feeding the solution containing the Bi element and the solution containing the X element into a mixing section, and preparing a mixed liquid in the mixing section, a step (C) of discharging the mixed liquid from the mixing section, and a step (D) of feeding the mixed liquid, which has been discharged from the mixing section, into a reaction section located at the exterior of the mixing section, and allowing the mixed liquid to undergo reaction in the reaction section. The steps (B) and (C) are performed in parallel.

Abstract: A kind of manufacturing method for dual functions with varistor material and device has one of the characteristics among capacitance, inductance, voltage suppressor and thermistor in addition to surge absorbing characteristic, which microstructural compositions include a glass substrate with high resistance and three kinds of low-resistance conductive or semiconductive particles in micron, submicron and nanometer size uniformly distributed in the glass substrate to provide with good surge absorbing characteristic.

Abstract: This invention relates to a dense ceramics having ESD dissipative characteristics, tunable volume and surface resistivities in semi-insulative range (103-1011 Ohm-cm), substantially pore free, high flexural strength, light colors, for desired ESD dissipation characteristics, structural reliability, high vision recognition, low wear and particulate contamination to be used as ESD dissipating tools, fixtures, load bearing elements, work surfaces, containers in manufacturing and assembling electrostatically sensitive microelectronic, electromagnetic, electro-optic components, devices and systems.

Abstract: A transparent oxide electrode film is provided to have crystalline indium oxide as its main component in which the indium in the indium oxide is substituted with titanium at a titanium/indium atomic ratio between 0.003 and 0.120, and the resistivity of the transparent oxide electrode film is 5.7×10?4 ?cm or less, so as to provide excellent transmittance for both the visible light region and the infrared light region, and low resistivity.

Abstract: Nanotechnology methods for creating stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric substances with unusual combination of properties by lattice level composition engineering are described.

Abstract: A feedstock for injection molding includes a ceramic filler that is sinterable to produce a ceramic with a positive temperature coefficient of electrical resistance, a matrix for binding the ceramic filler, the matrix having a melting point lower than a melting point of the ceramic filler, and metallic impurities. A content of the metallic impurities in the feedstock is lower than 10 ppm.

Abstract: An emulsion for preparing a low-conductivity surface for powder coating, the emulsion including an emulsified organofunctional silane solution. A pre-powder coating emulsion provides a surface with conductivity. A non-conductive object having applied to an exterior surface of the object the emulsion including an emulsified organofunctional silane solution.

Abstract: A sputtering target which is formed of a sintered body including an oxide main components of which are In and Sm. A sputtering target in which a sintered body of an oxide including In and Sm as main components is doped with at least one element with an atomic valency of positive tetravalency or higher in an amount of 20 at. % or less relative to the total sum of all cation elements.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a gradient thin film, formed on a substrate by simultaneously depositing different materials on the substrate using a plurality of thin film deposition apparatuses provided in a vacuum chamber, wherein the gradient thin film is formed such that the composition thereof is continuously changed depending on the thickness thereof by deposition control plates provided in the path through which the different materials move to the substrate. The gradient thin film is advantageous in that the thin film is formed by simultaneously depositing different materials using various deposition apparatuses, so that the composition thereof is continuously changed depending on the thickness thereof, with the result that the physical properties of a thin film are easily controlled and the number of deposition processes is decreased, and thus processing time and manufacturing costs are decreased, thereby improving economic efficiency.

Abstract: In a positive electrode of a non-aqueous electrolyte battery, at least one metal oxide selected from the group consisting of titanium dioxide, alumina, zinc oxide, chromium oxide, lithium oxide, nickel oxide, copper oxide and iron oxide is dispersed between particles of an active substance for the positive electrode, whereby a discharge capacity or a discharge-recharge capacity of the non-aqueous electrolyte battery is improved.

Abstract: In some embodiments, an electron multiplier includes a neutron-sensitive composition having, in weight percent, approximately 30% to approximately 60% silicon oxide, approximately 20% to approximately 60% lead oxide, and approximately 1% to approximately 15% boron-10 enriched boron oxide. The composition is capable of interacting with neutrons to form an electron cascade. The electron multiplier can be in the form of a microchannel plate, a microfiber plate, or a microsphere plate.

Abstract: A transparent oxide electrode film is provided to have crystalline indium oxide as its main component, in which the indium in the indium oxide is substituted with titanium at a titanium/indium atomic ratio between 0.003 and 0.120, and the resitivity of the transparent oxide electrode film is 5.7×10?4 ?cm or less, so as to provide excellent transmittance for both the visible light region and the infrared light region, and low resistivity.

Abstract: In manufacturing a ceramic multi-layer wiring substrate which is formed by stacking a plurality of ceramic layers and which includes an internal wiring, a ceramic paste is printed using a screen printing process on a part of a ceramic green sheet to be a ceramic layer having the internal wiring formed thereon which part does not include the internal wiring, to form between the ceramic layers a ceramic filling layer including a same ceramic component as that in the ceramic layers which ceramic filling layer is not formed on the internal wiring. The ceramic paste includes a ceramic component, an acrylic resin, and a cellulose resin, and loss factor tan ? of the paste represented by (loss modulus)/(storage modulus) in a dry condition after printing is equal to or greater than loss factor tan ? of a conductor paste layer to be the internal wiring in a dry condition.

Abstract: It is intended to provide a semiconductor ceramic composition capable of shifting the Curie temperature to a positive direction as well as of obtaining an excellent jump characteristic while suppressing an increase in room temperature resistivity to a minimum value. There is provided a semiconductor ceramic composition in which a portion of Ba of BaTiO3 is substituted by Bi—Na, the semiconductor ceramic composition being obtained by sintering a mixed calcined powder of a BT calcined powder containing (BaR)TiO3 or Ba(TiM)O3 (wherein each of R and M is a semiconductive dopant), wherein a part of BaCO3 and TiO2 are remained therein, and a BNT calcined powder containing a (BiNa)TiO3 powder.

Abstract: Electrode material obtainable according to a process comprising the steps of: (a) providing a precursor solution or suspension of a first component, said solution or suspension containing a solvent; (b) forming particles of the first component and entrapping said particles within the pore structure of a second component by mixing and subsequently heating, drying or centrifuging a solution or suspension or powder of the second component with the precursor solution or suspension of said first component, in which said second component has a porous structure with average pore diameter of 2 to 1000 nm.

Abstract: An active material for a battery includes a mixed phase includes a lithium titanium composite oxide phase and a nonstoichiometric titanium oxide phase. This active material is excellent in lithium absorption/desorption performance, exhibiting high electric potentials in lithium absorption/desorption and high conductivity.

Abstract: A material which conducts protons or oxide ions with high ionic conductivity and is excellent in moisture resistance and reduction resistance is provided. A perovskite oxide represented by the formula (1): BaZraCebM1cL1dO3-???(1) (wherein M1 is at least one member selected from the group consisting of rare earth elements, In, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Al and Ga, L1 is at least one member selected from the group consisting of P, B and N and a, b, c, d and a satisfy 0?a<1.2, 0<b<1.2, 0<c<1.2, 0.9<a+b+c<1.2, 0<d<0.1 and 0<?<3) is used as an ionic conductor.

Abstract: A method to prepare a thin ceramic or metallic solid-state composition comprising three phases: a material (A), a material (B), and pores, wherein the porous matrix of material (A) has a porosity gradient in the range of about 0% to about 80%, and wherein the pores are partially or completely filled with material (B). Various compositions and methods of use for the prepared composition are also disclosed.

Abstract: Materials for use in proton transport characterized by several formulas are disclosed. Mixed ion and electron conductors may include metals and/or ceramic electron conductors and a proton conducting material. Hydrogen separation membranes may include porous layers and an electolyte layer including a proton conducting material and an electron conductor. Hydrogen separation membranes may be formed by thermal spray techniques. Hydrogen separation membranes may include a catalyst layer. A method of separating hydrogen from a mixed gas stream includes passing the mixed gas through a first porous layer to an electrolyte layer, dissociating protons and electrons, diffusing the protons and electrons through the electrolyte layer, recombining them, and passing molecular hydrogen through a second porous layer.

Abstract: Provided herein are new methods for the fabrication of gold (Au) alloys and films containing metal or semimetal oxides such as oxides of vanadium (V), for example, Au—V2O5 for use in electrical, mechanical, and microelectromechanical systems (“MEMS”). An example embodiment provides a thin film of an alloy comprising Au—V2O5 in a MEMS for a contact switch. Also described herein are gold-metal oxide thin films for use in, e.g. wear-resistant MEMS. Measurements of contact force and electrical contact resistance between pairs of Au or Au—V films show that increased hardness and resistivity in the alloy films results in higher contact resistance and less adhesion than in pure Au.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a thin film structure based on an epitaxial (111)-oriented rare earth-Group IVB oxide on the cubic (001) MgO terminated surface and the ion-beam-assisted deposition (“IBAD”) techniques that are amendable to be over coated by semiconductors with hexagonal crystal structures. The IBAD magnesium oxide (“MgO”) technology, in conjunction with certain template materials, is used to fabricate the desired thin film array. Similarly, IBAD MgO with appropriate template layers can be used for semiconductors with cubic type crystal structures.

Abstract: A novel cerium substituted perovskite material is disclosed which may be used as an electrode, current collector or membrane in an electrochemical device such as a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) or an oxygen generator. The novel material may be provided as a composite material if desired. It has been found that examples of this material and its composites exhibit greatly improved electrochemical and electronic performance when used as a cathode material, current collector, membrane or the like in an electrochemical device such as a fuel cell or oxygen generator for example.

Abstract: Provided herein are electroactive agglomerated particles, which comprise nanoparticles of a first electroactive material and nanoparticles of a second electroactive materials, and processes of preparation thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to polymeric binders of formula: [(—CH2CF2—)x?(—CF2CF2—)y?[—CH2CH(R)—]z?]m wherein: x?+y?+z?=1, only one x?, y? or z? could be simultaneously equal to zero; R is an alkyl radical CnH2n+1— with 0?n?8, 10?m?106.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention may be found in an electrostatic dissipative ceramic component having a stabilized zirconia base, a surface resistivity between 1×105 and 1×1012 ohms per square and at least 2 percent by volume scattering material. The stabilized zirconia may be present in amounts between 60 and 95 weight percent. Further aspects of the invention may be found in an electrostatic dissipative ceramic material having stabilized zirconia, a resistivity modifier, and a scattering material. The stabilized zirconia may be present in amounts between 60 and 95 weight percent of the ceramic material. The resistivity modifier may be present in amounts between 5 and 30 weight percent. The scattering material may comprise at least 2 volume percent of the electrostatic dissipative ceramic material. The component may be used in the manufacturing of electronic component such as hard drives.

Abstract: A positive electrode for a non-aqueous lithium cell comprising a LiMn2?xMxO4 spinel structure in which M is one or more metal cations with an atomic number less than 52, such that the average oxidation state of the manganese ions is equal to or greater than 3.5, and in which 0?x?0.15, having one or more lithium spine oxide LiM?2O4 or lithiated spinel oxide Li1+yM?2O4 compounds on the surface thereof in which M? are cobalt cations and in which 0?y?1.

Abstract: Fine particles of complex oxide represented by formula: ABO3 wherein A is at least two elements selected from among alkaline earth metal elements and rare earth elements and B is at least one metal selected from among Ti, Mn, Nb and Zr, have a BET specific surface area of 20–70 m2/g and a DSC endothermic quantity of up to 20 mcal/g. The shrinkage behavior problem of internal electrode layers during firing is solved when the complex oxide fine particles or a mixture thereof with nickel particles is used as an electrode material for the internal electrode layers.

Abstract: An emulsion for preparing a low-conductivity surface for powder coating, the emulsion including an emulsified organofunctional silane solution. A pre-powder coating emulsion provides a surface with conductivity. A non-conductive object having applied to an exterior surface of the object the emulsion including an emulsified organofunctional silane solution.

Abstract: The invention provides partially stabilised zirconia and alumina based electro-static dissipative or ESD ceramic compositions. The proposed ceramic compositions include specific amounts of dopants comprising one or more metal oxides selected from iron oxide, chromium oxide and titanium oxide. The proposed ESD ceramic materials are made into useful industrial products by injection moulding and sintering technology. A novel binder system may optionally be used to make injection mouldable feedstock. Useful products produced by the invention include, for example, ESD ceramic tweezers tips, ESD ceramic dispensing needles, ESD ceramic scissors and blades and ESD ceramic wire bonding capillaries which retain their ESD properties at relatively low temperatures, for example, service temperatures from 25 to 500° C.

Abstract: Aspects of the present invention may be found in an electrostatic dissipative ceramic component having a stabilized zirconia base, a surface resistivity between 1×105 and 1×1012 ohms per square and at least 2 percent by volume scattering material. The stabilized zirconia may be present in amounts between 60 and 95 weight percent. Further aspects of the invention may be found in an electrostatic dissipative ceramic material having stabilized zirconia, a resistivity modifier, and a scattering material. The stabilized zirconia may be present in amounts between 60 and 95 weight percent of the ceramic material. The resistivity modifier may be present in amounts between 5 and 30 weight percent. The scattering material may comprise at least 2 volume percent of the electrostatic dissipative ceramic material. The component may be used in the manufacturing of electronic component such as hard drives.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to conductive, silicone-based compositions, with improved initial adhesion and reduced micro-voiding. More specifically, the present invention relates to a conductive, silicone-based composition, which includes a polyorganosiloxane, a silicone resin, and a conductive filler component.

Abstract: The present invention provides a single-phase lithium ferrite based oxide which is suitable as a cathode material for a secondary battery, a process for preparing the oxide, and its uses, the oxide having a layered rock salt-type structure and comprising lithium ferrite (LiFeO2)−Li2-xMO3-y solid solution wherein M is at least one species selected from the group consisting of Mn, Ti and Sn, 0≦x<2, 0≦y≦1 such that the proportion of iron is 0.1≦Fe/(Fe+M)≦0.9.

Abstract: An interface material comprising a resin mixture and at least one solder material is herein described. The resin material may comprise any suitable resin material, but it is preferred that the resin material be silicone-based comprising one or more compounds such as vinyl silicone, vinyl Q resin, hydride functional siloxane and platinum-vinylsiloxane. The solder material may comprise any suitable solder material, such as indium, silver, copper, aluminum and alloys thereof, silver coated copper, and silver coated aluminum, but it is preferred that the solder material comprise indium or indium-based compounds and/or alloys. The interface material, or polymer solder, has the capability of enhancing heat dissipation in high power semiconductor devices and maintains stable thermal performance. The interface material may be formulated by mixing the components together to produce a paste which may be applied by dispensing methods to any particular surface and cured at room temperature or elevated temperature.

Abstract: A glass or glass powder is fused from a starting mixture containing approximately 38 wt % to 48 wt % SO2, 15 wt % to 19 wt % Al2O3, 4.5 wt % to 11 wt % TiO2, 0 wt % to 1.5 wt % Na2O, 0 wt % to 1.5 wt % K2O and 23 wt % to 30 wt % CaO. In addition, a glass powder mixture includes two glass powders, a carbon black powder and an organic binder, the first glass powder having a mean particle size of approximately 150 &mgr;m to 250 &mgr;m, the second glass powder having a mean particle size of less than approximately 100 &mgr;m, which may be 10 &mgr;m to 70 &mgr;m. The glass or glass powder mixture is suitable for producing a glass ceramic, such as that used as a resistor seal and/or a gas-tight glass ceramic solder in a spark plug.