Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a fire extinguishing composition containing saccharide and a saccharide derivative, comprising a saccharide derivative, a saccharide material and an auxiliary fire extinguishing agent, whose mass percentages are respectively: saccharide derivative 30%-60%, saccharide material 10%-40%, and auxiliary fire extinguishing agent 10%-30%. The fire extinguishing composition uses a pyrotechnic agent as a heat source and a power source, is heated and decomposed or reacts by using the heat of burning of the pyrotechnic agent, to generate a fire extinguishing material to be sprayed together with the fireworks agent, thereby achieving the fire extinguishing purpose. The fire extinguishing composition of the present disclosure uses a saccharide derivative and a saccharide material as primary ingredients, uses a pyrotechnic agent as a heat source and a power source, and is easily decomposed after being heated to generate non-toxic and harmless gas.

Abstract: A fire extinguishing composition generating fire extinguishing substance through chemical reaction of ingredients at high temperature, wherein: the fire extinguishing composition comprises a flame retardant, an oxidant, a reducing agent and an adhesive; contents of each ingredient are: the flame retardant: 50 wt % to 90 wt %; the oxidant: 5 wt % to 30 wt %; the reducing agent: 5 wt % to 10 wt %; the adhesive: 0% to 10 wt %. In a usage of the fire extinguishing composition, a pyrotechnic agent is adopted as a heat source and a power source; and the purpose of fire extinguishing is achieved by: igniting the pyrotechnic agent, and the oxidant and the reducing agent in the fire extinguishing composition are reacted to generate the in the use of high temperature produced by burning the pyrotechnic agent. by burning the pyrotechnic agent, so as to implement fire extinguishing. Different from the traditional aerosol generating agent, there is no external heat source, and the composition itself does not burn.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fire extinguishing composition which generate fire extinguishing substance by high temperature sublimation; the fire extinguishing composition comprising a fire extinguishing material which, in a heating process, can sublimate and release a fire extinguishing substance with fire extinguishing properties; the content of the fire extinguishing material is at least 80 wt %. When the fire extinguishing composition is in use, a pyrotechnic agent as a heat source and a power source; and the purpose of fire extinguishing is achieved by: igniting the pyrotechnic agent, generating a large quantity of fire substance from the fire extinguishing composition in the use of high temperature produced by burning pyrotechnic agent, and the fire substance sprays out together with the pyrotechnic agent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a ferrocene-based fire extinguishing composition. The ferrocene-based fire extinguishing composition comprises ferrocene, a ferrocene derivative, or a combination thereof at a content of 25 mass % or more; when in use, a pyrotechnic agent is used as a heat source and a power source, the pyrotechnic agent is ignited, and the high temperature generated by the combustion of the pyrotechnic agent is utilized to make a fire extinguishing composition produce a large amount of fire extinguishing substance, which is sprayed out together with the pyrotechnic agent, so as to achieve the purpose of extinguishing a fire. Compared with a conventional fire extinguishing composition, a more efficient and safer fire extinguishing composition is provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a novel aging-resistant aerosol generating agent and preparation method thereof. The aging-resistant aerosol generating agent in the present invention comprises oxidizer, reducer and bonding agent, wherein the oxidizer is potassium nitrate, the bonding agent is phenolic resin, and the reducer is melamine; the weight percentages of the three constituents are: potassium nitrate: 60˜80%, phenolic resin: 8˜15%, and melamine: the rest. In the preparation process, phenolic resin is dissolved in ethanol to give phenolic resin solution at concentration by 40˜50 wt %; the oxidizer and reducer are pulverized, mixed, and then the phenolic resin solution is added to the mixed powder; next, the mixture is agitated, pelletized, dried, and shaped by pressure molding. Compared to that in the prior art, the aerosol generating agent in the present invention has higher fire suppression efficiency and higher fire suppression rate, and greatly improved aging resistant performance.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a ferrocene-based fire extinguishing composition. The ferrocene-based fire extinguishing composition comprises ferrocene, a ferrocene derivative, or a combination thereof at a content of 25 mass % or more; when in use, a pyrotechnic agent is used as a heat source and a power source, the pyrotechnic agent is ignited, and the high temperature generated by the combustion of the pyrotechnic agent is utilized to make a fire extinguishing composition produce a large amount of fire extinguishing substance, which is sprayed out together with the pyrotechnic agent, so as to achieve the purpose of extinguishing a fire. Compared with a conventional fire extinguishing composition, a more efficient and safer fire extinguishing composition is provided.

Abstract: Compositions to generate nitrogenous gas, with a low decomposition temperature, and processes for the generation of nitrogenous gas comprising the decomposition of such compositions, are provided. The compositions include azodicarbonamide, a nitrogenous reducing charge, and at least one additive. The azodicarbonamide and the nitrogenous reducing charge represent at least 90% of their weight. The nitrogenous reducing charge includes at least one compound from a first family of reducing components chosen from tetrazole, tetrazole derivatives and their salts, salts of bitetrazole and of its derivatives, 5,5?-azobitetrazole salts, polyvinyltetrazoles and their mixtures; and/or at least one compound from a second family of reducing components chosen from dicyandiamide, 1-hydrobenzotriazole, silicon nitride, nitroguanidine, guanidine nitrate and their mixtures. a nitrogenous reducing charge and azodicarbonamide.

Abstract: A low temperature flameless aerosol producing fire extinguishing composition containing potassium nitrate and binding fuel is characterized by using cellulose-fibrous mass as a binding fuel, with potassium nitrate at 30-70% and fibrous cellulose mass making up the remainder. A production method for the composition is further provided.

Abstract: A fire extinguishing agent contains at least one compound selected from the group consisting of an alkali hydrogencarbonate and an alkali carbonate, the alkali hydrogencarbonate being thermally decomposed to generate carbon dioxide and an alkali carbonate, a metal oxide that reacts with the alkali carbonate to generate carbon dioxide, and a hydrophobic binder.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for making aminoguanidine bicarbonate from an aqueous solution of cyanamide and an aqueous solution of hydrazine in the presence of CO2. The invention is characterised in that it consists in proceeding with an amount of cyamide slightly higher than the stoichiometric quantity. The invention also concerns quasi-spherical agglomerates of aminoguanidine bicarbonate crystals.

Abstract: Fire extinguishing compositions and methods for extinguishing, controlling, or preventing fires are described wherein the extinguishing agent is a fluorinated ketone having up to two hydrogen atoms, alone, or in admixture with a co-extinguishing agent selected from hydrofluorocarbons, hydrochlorofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, perfluoropolyethers, hydrofluoroethers, hydrofluoropolyethers, chlorofluorocarbons, bromofluorocarbons, bromochlorofluorocarbons, iodofluorocarbons, hydrobromofluorocarbons, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to improvements to dry chemicals and other fire extinguishing chemicals, to improve their efficiency and performance by improving their ability to absorb thermal radiation from a fire, to reduce heat reflection back to the fire, vaporize and decompose the extinguishant and enhance its breakdown into chemically reactive products. These improvements may include changing the visible color of the particle to increase its thermal radiation absorptivity, or by use of additive particles that can change the dry or wet chemical's radiative absorption properties, or locally react exothermically to increase local temperature and decomposition of the dry or wet chemical particles.

Abstract: A gum-thickened fire retardant composition with improved stability and/or corrosion resistance contains a fire retardant salt, a gum thickener, an aqueous liquid carrier and at least one non-toxic water-soluble additive which is at least onecarboxylic acid or salt thereof, having the structural formula ##STR1## wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted phenyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted carbon chain containing conjugated unsaturation, and X is hydrogen or a metal.The additive component is present in an amount effective to improve the stability of said composition and/or reduce the corrosivity of the composition to iron. Preferred compositions containing the combination of at least one compound in which R is a phenyl group, especially sodium benzoate, and at least one compound in which R is a carbon chain containing unconjugated unsaturation, especially sorbic acid.

Abstract: A method of generating nontoxic smoke is taught. The method comprises: (a) submerging a nontoxic smoke creating device in a liquid coolant while preventing entry of coolant into said device; said device includes a composition which comprises: (1) a first reactant selected from the group consisting of potassium chlorate, potassium perchlorate, potassium dichromate, cesium nitrate, and potassium nitrate; and (2) a second reactant serving as a reduction agent; (b) activating said smoke creating device by reacting said composition comprising said first reactant and said second reactant, to create solid particulate products having a diameter of about one micron or less which create the nontoxic smoke; and (c) passing said solid particulate products into said coolant through at least one downwardly directed tuyere hydraulically connected at or near the top of said device without any accompanied destruction of said nontoxic smoke creating device.

Abstract: A method of extinguishing a fire, which includes pre-positioning a fire extinguishing device which includes at least two reactants such that when the reactants are activated they react to create solid particulate products having a diameter of about one micron or less such that, when the products come in contact with the fire they chemically inhibit the chain reactions of the fire flame and bring about the extinguishing of the fire. In one embodiment, the device is submerged in a liquid coolant and includes means for preventing entry of coolant into the device while allowing the escape of said products into the coolant when activated. Another embodiment is used to generate non-toxic smoke using a device which includes a first reactant which is potassium chlorate, potassium perchlorate, potassium dichromate, cesium nitrate or potassium nitrate, and a second reactant serving as a reduction agent.

Abstract: A flame extinguishing pyrotechnic which flamelessly deflagrates to produce rimarily nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and a fluoroolefin. The flame extinguishing characteristic is achieved by reducing the content of oxygen proximate the deflagration as well as through the flame suppressing properties of particular fluoroolefins. The pyrotechnic composition contains an azido binder such as glycidyl azide polymer (GAP), an azido plasticizer, a solid tetrazole, and a perfluorocarboxylic acid salt. This composition is cured to a rubbery composite by the addition of an isocyanate.

Abstract: Particles of water soluble polymers such as poly(olefin oxides) are formulated to readily dissolve without agglomerating by associating polymer particles with particles of gas producing compounds, suitably a bicarbonate and an acid salt, which are non-reactive to the polymer but produce gas when wetted with water whereby the generated gas maintains polymer particles in separation as the particles dissolve.

Abstract: A method of obtaining pellets of MxOy oxide, where M represents one or more elements used to make nuclear fuel pellets, as a means of obtaining very high density fritted pellets directly, i.e. without the intermediate powders being conditioned, comprising starting with a solution of soluble salts of the M elements, and treating them with hydrogen peroxide with the pH kept at from 2 to 2.5, in a continuous fluidized bed reactor comprising at least 3 superposed cylindrical sections of different diameters, the solutions in the central section being agitated vigorously, to obtain a precipitate which is subsequently calcined reduced, pressed then fritted.

Abstract: A Class D (combustible metals) firefighting agent comprises a detergent mixture, and sodium chloride (about 4.5-12%), although vitamin B-6 and bicarbonate soda may be present. The detergent mixture comprises an alkylbenzolyate sulfonate, non-ionic detergent and lauric superamide, preferably comprising, by volume: about 26-33% linear alkylbenzene sulfonate, about 4.5-6% isoctylphenyl polyethoxyethanol, about 0.25-3% polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate, about 4.5-6% lauric diethanolamide, about 0.25-2% monoethanolamide superamides, and water. Burning titanium, uranium, magnesium, zerconium, or any other type of combustible metal fire, can be extinguished by applying the liquid formulation directly to the fire using conventional firefighting equipment.

Abstract: Described are substituted tricyclodecane derivatives having the generic structure: ##STR1## wherein Y is a moiety having a structure selected from the group consisting of: ##STR2## wherein one of the dashed lines represents a carbon-carbon single bond and the other of the dashed lines represents a carbon-carbon double bond; wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 represent hydrogen or methyl with the proviso that one of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is hydrogen and the other of R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 is methyl; wherein R.sub.3 is hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.3 acyl, C.sub.3 or C.sub.4 alkyl or C.sub.3 or C.sub.4 alkenyl; wherein R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 represent hydrogen or methyl with the additional proviso that one of R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 is methyl and the other two of R.sub.4, R.sub.5 and R.sub.6 is hydrogen.

Abstract: Nonionic surfactant compositions are made by reacting a 3 to 30-unit polyglycerol as hydrophile with a hydrophobic glycidyl ether in sufficient quantity to substitute 4 to 25% of the hydroxy groups of the polyglycerol. By using glycidyl ethers (which can be made conveniently by reaction of hydrophobic alcohol with epichlorohydrin) it becomes possible to avoid the expense of working with long-chain 1,2-epoxides. The surfactant compositions obtained have solubility and stability in a variety of concentrated ionic solutions, and especially in basic media.

Abstract: A fire retardant laminate construction comprising a plastic backing film adhesively secured to an insulation batting material. The adhesive material comprises an intumescent coating, containing one or more fire retardant additives, which will foam and char at high temperatures to form a solid multicellular, fire retardant insulating layer which prevents wicking of the plastic material into the insulation batting.

Abstract: A naphthalimide derivative having the formula ##STR1## wherein R is an alkyl, or cycloalkyl, an aralkyl, a haloalkyl, an alkoxyalkyl, a hydroxyalkyl, an N,N-dialkylaminoalkyl, an unsubstituted or halogen-, alkyl-, alkoxy- or hydroxy-substituted aryl, or an ammoniumalkyl; X is a group of the formula, ##STR2## wherein A is ##STR3## or an unsubstituted or halogen-substituted arylene, or a group of the formula, ##STR4## wherein R.sub.1 is hydrogen, an alkyl, phenyl, a hydroxyalkyl, or an alkoxyalkyl; Y is --CO--, --COO--, --CONR.sub.3 -- (where R.sub.3 is hydrogen or an alkyl), or --SO.sub.2 --; R.sub.2 is hydrogen, an alkyl, a cycloalkyl, an aralkyl, a haloalkyl, an alkyl- or aryl-substituted amino-alkyl, an unsubstituted or halogen-, alkyl-, alkoxy-, hydroxy-, amino- or alkylamino-substituted aryl, a group of the formula, ##STR5## (where R, R.sub.1 and Y are as defined above and R.sub.4 is a bivalent group), or a group of the formula,--R.sub.5 --Q.sup.+ ..alpha.--(where R.sub.