Abstract: A method for removing the volatile constituents from gasoline and volatile organic chemicals from contaminated potable water when a fluid including gasoline-water mixture and when contaminated potable water is introduced into a vertical tower includes the steps of flowing the gasoline-water fluid and the water downward in a tower over and in contact with media trays stacked in courses in the tower. The media trays, either circular or square, fit closely within the tower inner wall, such trays are aluminum or molded plastic frames one inch by one inch angles one-eighth inch thick, with a plurality of one and one-half inch wide slats one-quarter of an inch thick on the top of the frame; the slats being spaced apart not less than one-half inch nor more than three-quarters of an inch.

Abstract: The filter is formed by a wall (6) separating a vacuum chamber (3a, 3b) from a space (1) where a paint spray gun (2) is located. The lower part (5) of the wall (6) dips into the water of a collecting tank (7). The wall (6) is pierced by a multiplicity of holes, in each of which is fastened a tube (8) projecting on its two faces. On the same side as the vacuum chamber (3a, 3b), each tube is equipped with a deflector (10) at its outflow. Water from a reservoir (11) flows off via an overflow (12) and streams (15) over the entire upstream face of the wall (6). This water rebounds on the projecting parts of the tubes (8), and the shape and size of the pent roofs (9) guarantee that the tubes (8) suck up the best possible mixture of air and water. This assists the capture of paint droplets by the water. The deflectors, by compelling the mixture of air and water laden with paint droplets or other impurities to change direction abruptly, assist the capture of these droplets by the water.

Abstract: A gas-liquid contact tower of the kind comprising an outer tower shell, a stack of superimposed, substantially flat, horizontal trays spaced vertically apart within the shell so that in use each can carry a thin film of liquid discharged within the tower shell. The horizontal trays are provided with a plurality of flow apertures distributed substantially uniformly over at least part of the surface of the trays. The apertures are suitable to permit in use the thin liquid film on the trays to flow downwardly therethrough from tray to tray and to permit gas to flow upwardly therethrough from tray to tray. The trays are arranged as a plurality of pre-assembled sub-assemblies, each sub-assembly comprising a plurality of tray portions assembled, prior to introduction into the tower shell, to form a sub-stack of vertically spaced apart, substantially superimposed tray portions. At least some of the sub-assemblies are arranged in a side-by-side relationship in the stack.

Abstract: A liquid distribution device for more uniformly distributing a liquid to packed beds is composed of a box-pipe distributor, for the delivery of liquid to a pan distributor having a deck and risers postioned on the deck, with ells contained in the risers. The ells direct liquid axially through the risers so that gas/liquid interaction is minimized. The pan distributor also includes a plurality of holes positioned about the risers and a set of wall-ells about the periphery of the pan for more completely and uniformly distributing a liquid to packed beds positioned beneath the liquid distribution device.

Abstract: The mass-transfer apparatus comprises a case (1), accommodating at least one horizontal perforated tray (6) and a froth retainer (7). The froth retainer (7) is mounted directly on the tray (6) and is made in the form of a grid composed of vertical bars (8). The vertical bars (8) make up cells (9), interconnected with each other. Lower portions of the bars (8) of the froth retainer (7), contiguous with the tray (6), are made solid, whereas the cells (9) of the grid communicate with one another through perforations made in the upper portions of the bars (8) of the froth retainer (7).

Abstract: Redistribution devices in a packed column are provided for mixing and redistribution of both downflowing liquid and upflowing vapor to reduce liquid to vapor concentration gradients. In one form, the vapor is redistributed by first risers directing vapor streams outwardly toward the column and second risers located adjacent the column solely directing vapor streams toward the column center.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for separating a more volatile substance from a liquid in which it is dissolved by vacuum means. The apparatus has a perforated inner casing having a plurality of sub-stages which contain packing material to provide a tortuous path of interstices for the liquid to flow through; an outer casing surrounds the inner casing to define an evacuating space between the outer and inner casing and vacuum means to create a vacuum in the evacuating space which communicates with the sub-stages through the perforations in the inner casing. The vacuum means also acts to pull off the more volatile substance.

Abstract: A direct-contact type hot water heater includes a perforated plate having a slope allowing water to flow down from its top apex toward its lower surroundings along both or all sides of the slope in the form of a water film. The perforated plate is provided with a number of apertures capable of forming the water film by surface tension. An endothermic material is arranged in a state where it does not project from the lower surface of the perforated plate.

Abstract: An apparatus for gas wet-treatment which includes at least one perforated plate having a unique arrangement of round holes. The holes are provided with a cross-sectional area larger than about 1 cm.sup.2 and a length of between 2 and 10 cm. The central axes of least some of the round holes have portions which meet the perforated plate at an acute angle. Gas is directed upwardly through the plate, while liquid proceeds in a downward direction to provide countercurrent contacting of the gas and the liquid.

Abstract: A support device for supporting a packing material in a packed column having an upwardly flowing gas and a downwardly flowing liquid. The device comprises a plate having a plurality of formations. Each formation comprises spaced side walls connected by an upper wall, with apertures being provided in the side walls to permit the flow of the gas therethrough. A collecting channel is provided on at least one of the formations to collect the downwardly flowing liquid. The formations have a plural-skin construction to reduce the amount of liquid flowing through the apertures. The formations are provided with streamlining in order to improve the efficiency of gas flow.

Abstract: An efficient embossed packing element for exchange columns is made up of a plurality of preformed embossed vertical sheets, each having a plurality of elongated inclined troughs including converging embossed sidewalls, valleys, and ridges extending between upper inlet edges and lower outlet drip edges and projecting alternately outwardly from one side and then the opposite side of the median plane of each sheet. Projecting from the converging sidewalls of the troughs are a plurality of hollow protuberances with perforated peaks including small openings surrounded by edges of the wall about the peaks.

Abstract: A portable gas removal system for withdrawing a flammable gas from a low pressure subterranean formation wherein the gas is aspirated from a well with water, the mixture of gas and water are introduced into a receiving chamber where the aspirated gas is stripped and mixed with air and an air-gas mixture is withdrawn having a gas concentration lower than the explosive limit.

Abstract: A porous structure through which at least one fluid flows, consisting of a plurality of honeycomb blocks each of which has partition walls defining a multiplicity of parallel channels. The plurality of honeycomb blocks adjacently located in stacked packings, the stacked packings being superposed on each other such that the parallel channels formed in honeycomb blocks in two superposed stacked packings communicate with each other. The parallel channels in one of the honeycomb blocks are inclined with respect to the parallel channels in the corresponding honeycomb blocks such that the honeycomb blocks cooperate to form a multiplicity of zigzag fluid passages extending through the porous structure.

Abstract: Disclosed is a technique for packing an exchange chamber to facilitate interaction between two fluids. Corrugated packing plates are arranged with the corrugations of next corrugated plates running in different directions. The plates feature slots breaking the ridges of the plates and having corresponding tabs projecting into the corrugation grooves. The slots may provide drip points for liquid as one fluid moving through the slots in addition to permitting flow of the second fluid through the slots. A lip at the intersection of a slot and the ridge it breaks captures liquid bridging the slot to direct such liquid to the underside of the ridge.

Abstract: Uniform flow distributor for trickle bed flow through a bed of solid catalyst particles. The reactants include constituents of a liquid and vapor mixture. A corrugated distributor acts to form pools of the liquid at normal minimum rate of flow and the vapor flows past the liquid pools to form a uniform mixture in the bed of catalyst particles.

Abstract: A scrubbing/degassing apparatus comprises a degassing column for removing extraneous gaseous matter from water; and a flow control arrangement for controlling a flow of water to the degassing column.

Abstract: Gas/liquid contacting apparatus comprising a normally substantially vertically extending column enclosing a plurality of substantially horizontal gas/liquid guiding units vertically spaced apart from one another and extending over substantially the cross section of the column. Each gas/liquid guiding unit comprising a plurality of alternating upwardly converging gas passages and downwardly converging liquid passages, the gas passages and the liquid passages alternating in vertical direction. The liquid passages have open upper ends, and are provided with bottomwalls and with liquid discharge openings at or near said bottomwalls. Each upwardly converging gas passage is provided with an open lower end and terminates at its upper end in a plurality of substantially horizontal, parallel walls having a length increasing in downward direction and forming a plurality of substantially horizontal, constricted gas outlets.

Abstract: A pan-type liquid distribution assembly or fractionator which regulates the liquid flow through distribution tubes and, at the same time, provides for clearing away of unwanted fouling material which, in the past, has served to detract from the operation by plugging or partially plugging the liquid pour-points. Adjustment of the flow through, and/or, the unfouling of, the liquid pour-tubes can be performed from a point external of the fractionator, so as not to interfere with the ongoing operation of the fractionation column. A further feature is the ability to adjust liquid flow through each individual tube to alter the distribution pattern of the liquid across the top of a packed fractionation bed.

Abstract: Equipment for gassing a liquid, preferably for the ozonization of water, comprises two gassing stages. In the first gassing stage, a part of the liquid to be treated and the process gas are introduced by means of a submerged gas distributor (6) into a bubble column having an inner chamber and an outer chamber. The major part of the liquid is fed to the second gassing stage which has a shower tray and is located above the first gassing stage. From the shower tray, the "depleted" process gas leaving the two chambers comes into interaction with the "fresh" liquid. Gassing of the liquid at a high absorption efficiency of up to about 95% is achieved in this technically simple and at the same time economical way.

Abstract: A multi-stage reactor for hydrogenating coal slurry in a pressure vessel for pressures of up to 700 bar, preferably of up to 350 bar, with inlets for gas and coal slurry through the reactor bottom, an outlet for sludge, gases and vapors in the reactor top, and dividing trays in the pressure vessel, by means of which trays the individual reaction stages are separated from one another, wherein each dividing tray has a progressively reducing cross-section, with passage orifices, over its entire lower face, so as to prevent coal slurry caking onto the tray in the direction of flow of the reactants (gas and coal slurry).

Abstract: An improved vapor-liquid contact grid apparatus which maximizes the generation of small drops and which is inexpensive to manufacture and easy to construct is disclosed. The grid apparatus consists of multiple layered grids, each grid being formed of upright grid members and connectors. The grid members carry vanes, formed from the member itself by a process of slitting and bending, which vanes extend out into the region between the upright grid members, thus restricting vapor passage, providing drip points and increasing the effective surface area for gas-liquid exchange. The grid members and connectors are arranged in an "egg carton"-like fashion to provide a simple, yet sturdy, grid.

Abstract: A tray device has a plurality of chimneys which extend above the level of liquid in the tray and have vapor outlets for the passage of the rising vapor. Tubes are also provided in the tray device with liquid inlets for the passage of liquid from the tray downwardly onto the lower exchange section. The tray device intercepts the liquid trickling down from an upper exchange section and distributes the liquid uniformly through the tubes over the top cross section of the exchange section immediately below. The vapor rising from the bottom section passes through the chimneys separately from the liquid.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for producing alcohol fuel in an efficient and continuous manner are provided. The apparatus and method utilize otherwise lost heat to reduce the amount of heat required to convert feed stock into alcohol fuel. The apparatus and method utilize the supply of feed stock from a hopper through an auger to a cooker vessel, and then in turn to enzyme and fermenting tanks or vessels, which in turn discharge fermented mash to a strainer for separation of the alcohol beer from the mash. The beer is then discharged to a level controlled beer tank which regulates a residue valve controlling the amount of residue liquid returned to the apparatus and maintained under process. From the beer tank, the flow of the beer is regulated by passage through a non-clogging control valve into a reflux column.

Abstract: This vapor-liquid contact apparatus, suitable for use in fractionating tower sections, includes a plurality of grids which are arranged in a vertical stack. Each grid is formed of a plurality of parallel, horizontal elongated segments; and, the longitudinal axes of the segments are angularly turned relative to the segment axes in the grid therebeneath.Each segment has an upstanding flange which supports a downflowing film of liquid, and a trough portion for receiving liquid which has flowed from the flange. The trough portion is provided with liquid drain openings which are located to release liquid directly onto contacting upper edges of the flanges of the next lower grid. A plurality of connector portions, integral with and bent outwardly from the flange portions, are spot welded to the trough portions to interconnect these elements.The gas flows upwardly through openings which are provided between the flanges and troughs of the segments.

Abstract: The housing of a direct contact condenser has a partition with a manifold water supply adapted to discharge water to opposite sides of the partition. A plurality of showers are disposed below the elevation of the water supply and through which a gas stream will pass sequentially. Each shower receives water from one side of the partition. The last shower is provided with temperature sensors which are connected to a valve for controlling water flow in response to either the temperature of the fluid and the water at the last shower.

Abstract: The device of the present invention utilizes a unitized scheme to erect a sulphur dioxide scrubber tower wherein a set of factory built constituent subunits are joined at location to produce a single functional unit. The functional units themselves preferably are adaptable for parallel grouping as necessary to insure the treatment capacity required for the emission rate of any given application or where otherwise appropriate for other process reasons.The temporary strength and rigidity necessary to maintain a subunit's critical geometric integrity throughout construction, transportation and erection processes is provided by a reusable exoskeletal support cradle. Preferably each subunit is initially constructed upon such a cradle. Alternatively, subunits are constructed in jigs at the factory and transferred to the support cradles before shipping to the construction site.

Abstract: Aqueous ammonium phosphate solutions can be produced using an apparatus comprising: a fluid reactor having a plurality of inlets at one end thereof suitable for the admission of phosphoric acid, ammonia and water, the inlets being so positioned as to provide for rapid ammoniation of the phosphoric acid with the evolution of heat, to produce a reaction product mixture containing a liquid portion and steam, the fluid reactor having an exit for the expulsion of the reaction products mixture at the other end thereof, by steam generated by the heat liberated in the ammoniation process; a columnar vessel having an outlet at one end and, at the other end, enclosing the exit of the fluid reactor, a plurality of barriers obturating the columnar vessel in a spaced-apart relationship, and having a plurality of apertures therein for the passage of reaction products mixture therethrough; an inlet quench device connected to the columnar vessel for introduction therein of a liquid aqueous quenching fluid; and, a device in c

Abstract: A method for continuously removing fine dust from gases which contain them, consisting of: introducing the gas at a gas linear velocity of 10 to 80 m/sec and a liquid at a rate such that the liquid-to-gas ratio; L/G, is 1 to 50 l/m.sup.3, in parallel, into slit(s) or hole(s) which are set in tray(s) causing impingement onto a baffle plate which is set beneath the tray; and then carrying away the fine dust particles from the gas by the liquid, which is separated from the gas, is disclosed, along with apparatus to effectuate the process.

Abstract: This vapor-liquid contact apparatus, suitable for use in fractionating tower sections, includes a plurality of grids which are arranged in a vertical stack. Each grid is formed of a plurality of parallel, horizontal elongated segments; and, the longitudinal axes of the segments are angularly displaced relative to the segment axis in the grid therebeneath.Each segment has an upstanding flange which supports a downflowing film of liquid, and a trough portion for receiving liquid which has flowed from the flange. The trough portion is provided with liquid drain openings which are located to allow liquid to flow directly onto contacting upper edges of the flanges of the next lower grid.The gas flows upwardly through openings which are provided between the flanges and troughs of the segments. The ascending gas strikes mutually inclined lower surfaces, giving the gas a slight angular velocity to promote turbulence in the vicinity of the flanges.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved plate column suitable for use as a gas scrubber. This plate column comprises two or more sections and each section includes at least one preforated or grid plate without weir and downcomer and with a free-space ratio Fc of from 0.30 to 0.60 and includes a liquid feed distributor at the top portion thereof. The free-space ratio of the plate in each section increases from the uppermost section to the lowermost section. The liquid feed distributor except for the uppermost section is preferably provided with a number of nozzles in such a manner that liquid is sprayed within a central area of the plate which is about 10% to 50% of the total area of the plate.

Abstract: A liquid-gas contacting apparatus for distillation, gas absorption and related mass transfer operations. The apparatus comprises a series of vertically spaced, horizontal sheets having openings which are laterally offset from each other. The space between the sheets is partly or entirely filled with mesh packing material, such as knitted wire mesh, steel wool, hair-like metallic or fibrous packing material, such as fiberglass and the like. Such packing material may be in the form of undulating mats. Various shapes of chimneys may surround the openings and extend either upwardly, downwardly or both. In some instances the chimneys themselves may be of such packing material and may be filled with mats of such packing material. Greatly enhanced mass transfer efficiency is obtained.

Abstract: Packing material is formed of stacked panels of expanded metal, each of which has intersecting sets of parallel linear metal strips. Each panel has a horizontal set of linear strips oriented parallel to a corresponding set of linear strips on an adjacent panel and perpendicular to a vertical fluid flow direction which is parallel to the panels; and, each panel has a second set of linear strips inclined about 45.degree. from the vertical in a direction opposite to the inclination of the corresponding inclined set of strips on the adjacent panel. The strips of adjacent panels are canted in opposite directions relative to the planes of their respective panels. Alternative orientations and directions are also disclosed. The packing material is used in packed towers and conduit-connected motionless mixers, and with crossflow trays and dualflow trays.

Abstract: A direct contact condenser is arranged to establish sequential steam flows of downward, lateral, and tortuous but collectively upward directions in a housing. Cooling liquid fed to the condenser is introduced to first overflow means for temporarily accumulating cooling liquid and for allowing excess accumulated cooling liquid to overflow. Second overflow means is provided for temporarily accumulating the cooling liquid supplied from the first overflow means, for allowing the cooling liquid to fall in multiple streams into the collectively upward steam flow zone to cause direct heat exchange between the falling cooling liquid and the steam, and for causing excess cooling water accumulated by the second overflow means to overflow. The cooling liquid overflowing from the second overflow means is supplied to the downward stream flow to cause direct heat exchange between the cooling liquid and the steam when excess accumulated cooling liquid overflows from the second overflow means.

Abstract: An improved vapor-liquid contact grid apparatus which maximizes the generation of small drops and which is inexpensive to manufacture and easy to construct is disclosed. The grid apparatus consists of multiple layered grids, each grid being formed of upright grid members and connectors. The grid members carry vanes, formed from the member itself by a process of slitting and bending, which vanes extend out into the region between the upright grid members, thus restricting vapor passage, providing drip points and increasing the effective surface area for gas-liquid exchange. The grid members and connectors are arranged in an "egg carton" -like fashion to provide a simple, yet sturdy, grid.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for removing sulfur dioxide from an exhaust gas with use of an absorbent containing a salt of an organic acid within a scrubber provided with perforated plates, characterized in that the vapor of organic acid discharged from the top of the perforated plates is absorbed into the absorbent with a pH value of 6 to 8 within wetted walls provided on the upper side of the perforated plates.

Abstract: A gas-liquid contact system for absorption of gaseous contaminants in an absorptive liquid where contact is attained by controlled flow relation between the gas and liquid forming a fluidized liquid mass for intimate contact between gas and liquid.

Abstract: An apparatus for reacting phosphoric acid and ammonia to form a molten reaction mixture, to which water can be added to produce an ammonium polyphosphate product, comprises:(A) fluid reactor means having a plurality of inlet means suitable for administration of reactants and positioned to provide for rapid ammoniation of the phosphoric acid with evolution of heat and aperatures to the other end providing exit means for the reaction mixture, said reactor means being adapted to the expulsion of the reaction mixture by steam generated in situ;(B) means for separating the steam from the liquid product solution and removal of said steam from the apparatus; and(C) columnar vessel means having outlet means at one end and enclosing at the other end the exit means of said fluid reactor means and a plurality of barrier means partially blocking said columnar vessel means in spaced-apart relationship and having aperatures therein for passage of reaction product therethrough and inlet means suitable for introduction of a

Abstract: A fluid injection packing support with improved directional fluid flow characteristics, increased strength, rigidity and load carrying capacity includes a plurality of adjoining elongated hollow sections extending across a tower chamber and supported at opposite ends by a ledge fixed to the wall around the chamber. Each section has a spaced pair of inclined sidewalls diverging downwardly from an upper arched top wall portion to adjacent horizontal wall portions extending to adjoining short vertical wall portions. The inclined and horizontal wall portions have apertures with smoothly curved entrances and raised flange portions extending around and projecting to more sharply defined exit ends of the apertures which not only strengthens the wall and section but provides low resistance to the entrance and flow of the counter flowing fluids in one direction and greater resistance to the entrance and flow of the counter flowing fluids from the opposite exit ends of the apertures.

Abstract: A compact but highly integrated pollution control system for use with a coal or lignite burning electrical power generating plant utilizes a stabilized continuously monitored and controlled bath through which is passed gaseous effluent containing particulate matter. In one form this may comprise a chimney of partial stainless steel construction for carrying smoke from the furnace of the plant into a body of water contained within an enclosed concrete tank where the water chemically interacts with and precipitates solids from the smoke. Within the tank a dynamic system is established which is held stable both mechanically and chemically during continuous operation. A stainless steel grill mounted just below the surface of the water breaks up air bubbles to entrap solid particles and enhance formation of a sediment.

Abstract: An improved splash bar fill assembly is disclosed comprising a plurality of perforate splash bars, each bar having along its longitudinal axis a horizontally disposed section for intercepting falling liquid and a rib section disposed transverse of said horizontal member for furnishing structural strength. In a preferred embodiment, the rib section, and the horizontal section includes a bevel or a skirt extending from the lateral margins for directing accumulated liquid from the upper surface of the horizontal section to lower, laterally adjacent splash bars.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for distributing a generally downwardly flowing liquid-vapor mixture through a bed of solid particles comprising:(1) a tray deck located above said bed of solid particles;(2) at least one hollow chimney member in fluid communication with said bed of solid particles attached to said tray deck and extending upwardly from said tray deck, said chimney member having at least one aperture through said chimney member along the length of said chimney member below the top opening of said chimney member to provide fluid communication between the space above said tray deck and the hollow space of said chimney member; and(3) plate means located at a distance D above the top opening of said chimney member whereby said mixture is restricted from flowing directly into the top opening of said chimney member.An improved process for distributing a generally downwardly flowing liquid-vapor mixture is disclosed as well as an improved process for hydrocarbon conversion.

Abstract: Herein are disclosed an improved method and apparatus for separating a mixture of liquids of differing volatilities by fractional distillation in a plate-type apparatus. Plates consisting at least in part of a porous structure having capillary-type passages extending between openings on one side of the plate and openings on the other side of the plate are employed. The capillary-type passages are adapted to be wetted and filled at least in part by the liquid condensate resulting from the condensation of a vapor mixture, with the consequent formation of menisci in the capillary-type passages and the generation of capillary pressures that cause the condensed liquid to be lodged within the capillary-type passages and transmitted through the plate while preventing the passage of vapor.

Abstract: A vessel with means for aerating a liquid therein, and particularly a bait bucket for containing water and live bait and means for replenishing oxygen in the water. The vessel has an upper chamber for containing the liquid, with a vent comprising a small aperture at the bottom of this chamber for allowing the liquid to slowly drip downward into a second closed chamber containing air or other selected gas. As the liquid occupies more of the space in the second chamber, the pressure of the gas in the lower chamber increases until a small quantity of gas escapes through the orifice, forms gas bubbles and rises through the liquid in the upper chamber. This gas flow is intermittent and will continue for many hours.

Abstract: An apparatus for continuous froth flotation is disclosed which comprises a vertically elongate column having disposed therein a froth separator, a raw water inlet pipe, a treated water discharge pipe and a gas dispersing unit, and stepped shelves disposed inside said column and adapted to provide thorough contact between the bubbles and the water subjected to treatment.

Abstract: A carbonating tower for the production of sodium bicarbonate magma has a hollow casing accommodating perforated plates arranged one above another which divide the inner space of the casing into a separation compartment and reaction compartments communicating with one another via overflow pipes. Each reaction compartment has an annular baffle coaxial therewith arranged adjacent to the upper end of the overflow pipe, the baffle being adapted to define a zone for accumulation of solid crystalline phase in the magma. There are also provided means for removing said magma from one reaction compartment into the next compartment. The provision of the accumulation zone and the means for removal of magma contributes to the reduction of supersaturation of the solution with sodium bicarbonate, whereby crystals of uniform shape and size are obtained.

Abstract: In a degassing column with several perforated plates arranged over one another and at a distance from one another in a column housing there is left free, between each plate and the column housing, a gap which is as small as possible and is uniform over the periphery, and the apertures in the plates have a diameter of less than 5 mm. Each plate is penetrated by at least one eccentrically arranged draining shaft, and at least one eccentrically arranged feed shaft ends above each plate. Finally, below each feed shaft on the plate an area is impermeable which is at least as large as the cross-section of the feed shaft.

Abstract: An air handler especially for use with a produce storage room has a housing with an air inlet near the bottom and an air outlet near the top. A fan or blower supplies air above atmospheric pressure to the inlet for flow through the housing and discharge from the top thereof and through a duct leading to the storage room. Adjacent the housing there is a water cooler, usually operated in a refrigerator circuit, into which water is introduced from a collector near the bottom of the housing and from which the cooled water is discharged into a distributor in the housing near the top thereof. The distributor, preferably a number of sprays, discharges the cooled water to fall over and through a water and air baffle unit within the housing between the inlet and the outlet thereof and into the collector.

Abstract: A carburetor for an internal combustion engine includes a body having a series of interior baffle plates through which liquid fuel and air are drawn to vaporize the fuel and form a gaseous fuel mixture. The mixture is drawn into a fuel mixture tube leading upward from the bottom of the series of baffle plates. Excess fuel is collected in the bottom of the carburetor body and pumped back to the fuel tank.

Abstract: An improved process for the treatment, separation, and utilization of precipitator catch wherein treated precipitation catch is separated by countercurrent washing in a column.

Abstract: A gas-liquid contact tower comprises a tower shell and a plurality of superimposed generally horizontal contact plates mounted in vertically spaced relation within the tower shell, with the plates being grouped into at least one subassembly thereof. A supporting and sealing arrangement is provided for removably supporting said plate subassembly within the tower shell and for preventing any of the contact liquid from bypassing the plate subassembly. The supporting and sealing arrangement includes a first annular component permanently secured and sealed to adjacent inner surfaces of the tower shell, and a second annular component joined circumferentially to the plate subassembly and sealed detachably and circumferentially to the first supporting and sealing component. An annular gasket arrangement is inserted generally between the first and second components of the supporting and sealing arrangement and is circumferentially loaded by a loading arrangement mounted on at least one of the components.