Abstract: This invention relates generally to the art of gas humidification and more particularly to an improved apparatus for humidifying a gas.

Abstract: A diffuser for air or other fluids has a rigid body with an upper disc portion having a series of radially projecting fingers about its perimeter. The fingers are relatively narrow and blunt. A diaphragm formed of a soft elastomer has a rim portion which receives the fingers. The diaphragm overlies the disc and normally closes a central opening in the body. Spaces at the base of the fingers are not covered by the rim portion of the diaphragm and air or other fluid escapes through those spaces when it is admitted under pressure through the central opening in the body. A circular cylindrical wall depends from beneath the disc at the bases of the teeth to discourage the fluid from collecting beneath the disc. In another embodiment, the spaces through which the fluid passes are covered by an open cell foam in the form of a ring that surrounds the wall and that is held in place against the rim portion by a plate mounted to the body and seated against the bottom of the wall.

Abstract: An apparatus for use in an activated sludge process for treating wastewater wherein raw sewage or the like is mixed with activated sludge and the resulting mixture is circulated in a confined aerated tank (usually in the form of additional subsurface aeration) so that the mixture follows a predetermined vertical flow cycle through a plurality of flow passageways created by gas impermeable baffle means in order to optimally increase the retention time of aerating air in the tank. The retention time of the air is increased by means of at least one secondary horizontal baffle means specifically designed to collect large bubbles of air trapped beneath said gas-impermeable baffle means and to be permeable to gases, so as to provide additional air/liquid surface area to escaping air. The secondary baffle is situated adjacently above and substantially parallel to the gas impermeable flow directing baffle means.

Abstract: Improvements in flotation separating systems of the type employing small rising air bubbles to induce ascension of certain types of particles in a flotation compartment while other particle types descend toward the bottom of the compartment include a bubble passing, particle blocking barrier forming the bottom of the compartment separating the compartment from a source of air bubbles while allowing the introduction of a uniform distribution of air bubbles into the compartment in the form of a gently sloped conical plate having a plurality of aerated water passing apertures and an array of downwardly extending pocket forming baffles for limiting bubble migration along the slope of the lower plate surface. The baffles are generally configured as radially and circumferentially extending baffle portions.

Abstract: A hydrotreating reactor having a plurality of vertically spaced contacting stages having frusto-conical baffles for back-mixing hydrocarbon oil being treated and a plurality of clear oil outlets in fluid communication with a corresponding plurality of annular stilling chambers.

Abstract: A vortex chamber aerator is provided with a split feed conduit whereby the liquid feed is introduced into the vortex chamber through two opposed passageways to provide more even distribution of the liquid currents within the vortex chamber. This results in reduced wear in the vortex chamber and more importantly presents a uniform discharge pattern of the liquid and entrained gas bubbles.

Abstract: The apparatus of this invention has an air pipe which continuously forms air bubbles of fixed size. These bubbles are caught by a screen in the form of a net and united to grow. Grown bubbles are suddenly spouted from the air spout holes of the screen and rise together with masses of water.

Abstract: The froth flotation device includes a flotation column partially filled with a packing which defines a large number of small flow passages extending in a circuitous pattern between the upper and lower portions of the column. A conditioned aqueous pulp of a mineral ore, such as iron ore, is introduced into the midzone of the column. A pressurized inert gas, such as air, is introduced into the bottom of the column and is forced upwardly through the flow passages in the packing. As the air flows upwardly through these flow passages, it is broken into fine bubbles which intimately contact the floatable particles (e.g., iron oxide) in the aqueous pulp and forms a froth concentrate or float fraction which overflows from the top of the column. Wash water is introduced into the top of the column and flows through the flow passages in the packing countercurrently to the float fraction to scrub entrained non-floatable particles (e.g., gangue) from the froth concentrate.

Abstract: A skirt for a sewage aerator mixer is supported on a bubble generator pipe beneath the mixer structure in a sludge basin or directly on the floor of the basin in surrounding relation to the lower end of the mixer structure to extend the sphere of influence of the mixer.

Abstract: An improved apparatus is provided for creating circulation and heat transfer capability within a large body of fluid. The apparatus comprises a vertically extending stackpipe, and large bubble generator means for generating an upward current flow through the stackpipe. Improved efficiency in generating liquid flow is obtained by providing an inclined guide surface to gradually introduce a large bubble from the generator into the stackpipe through a lateral opening into the stackpipe. Most preferably, the cross-sectional area of the stackpipe is expanded beginning at about the level at which the bubble enters the stackpipe and extending to a level at or above the top of the lateral opening into the stackpipe. In this way, interference with the flow of liquid in the stackpipe is minimized and the efficiency of flow generation is maximized.

Abstract: In a microbubble injector usable to separate materials of different density by flotation, a deflector wall deflects radially a flow of water exiting under pressure from an injector hole and containing dissolved air at the saturation concentration. This procures cavitation which is localized at the edges of the hole and which generates the required microbubbles of air downflow thereof.

Abstract: A self-contained, decorative ice bowl freezing apparatus, including a bowl mold for containing the water to be frozen into the ice bowl; air circulation means disposed within the bowl mold for supplying a stream of air to the freezing water to slow the freezing thereof to provide ice in greater clarity; support means for the air circulation means; a freezer tank containing a refrigerant liquid into which the bowl mold is disposed and held at a selected level; and refrigerant liquid circulation means disposed within the freezer tank for continuously circulating the refrigerant liquid to prevent stratification of temperature levels within the refrigerant liquid, whereby uniformity of freezing of the water in the bowl mold is enhanced.

Abstract: A device for increasing the oxygen concentration in a subsurface stratum of a thermally stratified body of water. The device comprises a flexible tube (13), which is surrounded by a flexible shell (12). Compressed oxygen-containing gas is introduced through first nozzle means (29) at the lower end of the tube and through second nozzle means (31) into channel means (34) between the shell (12) and the tube (13). There is an upward flow of water in the tube and a downward flow in the channel means (34) around the tube.

Abstract: A process is described for pumping and aerating the mixed liquor within the endless channel of an oxidation ditch by using a pump/aerator to form an aerobic zone which has a selectively located planar end, where an anoxic zone begins, and within which biological nitrification of NH.sub.3 -N occurs. A pump/circulator, to which inflowing raw wastewater and return sludge are fed, is located approximately at this planar end to provide point-source mixing of the wastewater and return sludge, whereby the five-day biological oxygen demand of the wastewater is oxidized within both the aerobic and the anoxic zones and the nitrate ions formed within the aerobic zone are denitrified within the anoxic zone. Finally, an oxygen-deficient zone, wherein the mixed liquor is deficient in both dissolved oxygen and NO.sub.3.sup.- and NO.sub.2.sup.- anions and is ready for luxury uptake of oxygen within the pump/aerator, is dependably provided at the end of the anoxic zone.

Abstract: In a process for improving the gas distribution in air-lift loop reactors, the back-flowing, partially degassed liquid is divided into part streams prior to, during or after entry into the rising part of the loop. In this process, the cross-section of the sum of the part streams is intended to be smaller than the free cross-section of the rising part. The gas is passed into the part streams.

Abstract: A mixing-control apparatus for continuously moving mixed liquor having translational-flow momentum within an endless channel of a closed-circuit oxidation ditch, conserves at least of the portion of the momentum by enabling induced flow of the mixed liquor through adjustable openings in the barrier.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for flotation, wherein the mixture to be subjected to flotation is mixed with gas, preferably air, inside a flotation cell, in funnel-shaped nozzles in which a conical deflector is arranged in line with the axis of the propulsion jet.

Abstract: In aerobic wastewater treatment systems, such as sewage treatment, liquid in a channel spanned by a liquid-tight barrier is moved past the barrier by a liquid-gas contact pump, thus dissolving a gas in the liquid and creating a differential head that provides flow energy for moving the liquid in plug-type flow through the channel, which is preferably a continuous-flow pipeline or a circuit-flow oxidation ditch, without energy-wasteful vertical circulation. The barrier further provides a structure for mounting submerged static aerators or a draft tube, in combination with a surface aerator, such as a submerged turbine or surface-disposed impeller aerator, as the liquid-gas contact pump. The barrier is disposed at sufficient depth, when combined with static aerators or when telescopically attached to the draft tube of a floating surface aerator, to enable the liquid level to be selectively varied so that flow equalization to an oxidation ditch and wastewater storage therewithin are provided.

Abstract: A device is described, which is intended for the dosed diffusion of gases in liquids and which is used especially for small-scale application in the field of aquaria. The device consists essentially of a diffusor which can be filled with gas via an inlet device and round which liquid circulates and which is open in its lower region and is filled via an automatically regulating pressure-regulating valve.

Abstract: An aspirating horizontal mixer for aerating and liquid mixing includes a float with tiltable supports extending downwardly into a body of water and an air delivery conduit which are connected to a mixer unit supported below the liquid surface by the supports and tiltable therewith. The mixer unit includes a submersible motor powering a propeller and a nozzle member situated in the flow path of liquid from the propeller. The nozzle member has an internal venturi for mixing air from the air delivery conduit with the liquid flowing therethrough and includes a converging wall formation forming a constriction and a diverging wall formation leading downstream and merging with the interior wall of the nozzle member. An air injection port extends through the diverging wall formation adjacent the constriction and is in communication with the air delivery conduit for mixing air with the liquid as it flows through the venturi.

Abstract: Equipment for gassing a liquid, preferably for the ozonization of water, comprises two gassing stages. In the first gassing stage, a part of the liquid to be treated and the process gas are introduced by means of a submerged gas distributor (6) into a bubble column having an inner chamber and an outer chamber. The major part of the liquid is fed to the second gassing stage which has a shower tray and is located above the first gassing stage. From the shower tray, the "depleted" process gas leaving the two chambers comes into interaction with the "fresh" liquid. Gassing of the liquid at a high absorption efficiency of up to about 95% is achieved in this technically simple and at the same time economical way.

Abstract: Reactor having considerable volume or surface for injection and distribution of a gaseous fluid into a liquid mass to be treated, includes a false bottom having over its entire surface a series of nozzles each having a small orifice, incorporated with a pipe, immersed in the liquid, whose perforated base rests on the false bottom and whose closed upper end is provided with slots from which gas bubbles escape into an active zone of the liquid mass.

Abstract: An apparatus for introducing gas into a liquid mass, particularly at a certain depth therein, includes at least one emulsifying tube adapted to be positioned within the liquid mass and to be vertically aligned above a gas port. The tube has at a lower portion thereof structure for receiving therein gas from the gas port and liquid from the liquid mass, such that the gas and liquid form an emulsion flowing upwardly through the tube. The tube has at an upper portion thereof, structure opening downwardly into the liquid mass for reversing the flow of the emulsion and for then discharging the emulsion downwardly into the liquid mass. Such reversing and discharging structure may be the form of a bend in the upper end of the tube or in the form of a hood mounted above and confronting the upper open end of the tube.

Abstract: The injector apparatus is of the kind having a constriction which lies, in the flow direction, immediately before a following adjoining mixing section, in which fibrous stock suspension is mixed with air for the purpose of subjecting the suspension to flotation in a flotation tank. The mixing pipe in which the mixing section is disposed has a radial diffusor at its outlet end, and, for a greater flow rate of air, additional air intake bores are disposed therein a short distance in the flow direction after the constriction.A favorable arrangement is achieved if the injector apparatus with the mixing pipe is arranged perpendicularly in a flotation tank, which may have the form of a reclining cylinder. In this case, the froth, like the cleaned suspension, is drawn off on one long side, i.e., a side which extends parallel to the cylinder axis; the extraction opening for the cleaned suspension being provided preferably immediately below the level of the suspension and/or the froth extraction arrangement.

Abstract: A treatment system for liquids includes apparatus for dissolving gas in the liquid and a container for providing the necessary reaction time between the gas and the liquid or constituents thereof. The device for dissolving the gas in the liquid includes gas injection means for introducing gas into the liquid and a contact chamber for containing a downflowing stream of the liquid to be treated. The pressure within the downflowing stream increases as it descends and at the elevated pressure the capacity of the liquid to take gas into solution is greatly increased. This apparatus for dissolving gas may conveniently be located below ground level. A conduit return means is provided for routing undissolved gas from a region at high pressure to an upstream portion of the liquid stream so that the gas can be reintroduced for dissolution.

Abstract: A diffuser apparatus for use in a sewage installation includes an elongated, one-piece body of substantially tubular outline in vertical section having a top wall, spaced sidewalls and a bottom wall. An end cap provides a closure for closing each end of the body above the region of the bottom wall to provide a flow path for liquid into and out of a chamber within said body. A plurality of ports are located along each sidewall and a nozzle extends either through one end cap of the topwall for connecting the chamber to a source of compressed air. The flow path for liquid allows debris to flush clear of the chamber. The flow path, in the event that the ports become clogged, provides a distinct bubble pattern at the surface of the liquid during aeration.

Abstract: A treatment system for liquids includes apparatus for dissolving gas in the liquid and a container for providing the necessary reaction time between the gas and liquid or constituents thereof. The device for dissolving the gas in the liquid includes gas injection means for introducing gas into the liquid and a contact chamber for containing a downflowing stream of the liquid to be treated. The pressure within the downflowing stream increases as it descends and at the elevated pressure the capacity of the liquid to take gas into solution is greatly increased. This apparatus for dissolving gas may conveniently be located below ground level. A conduit return means is provided for routing undissolved gas from a region at high pressure to an upstream portion of the liquid stream so that the gas can be reintroduced for dissolution.

Abstract: The rotary surface aeration device used to rotate and aerate sewage is provided with a carrying part connected to a vertically running drive axle. A plurality of liquid transporting units also fastened to the carrying part.In order to improve the oxygen input, the liquid transporting units, which are adjacent to each other viewed in the circumferential direction of the rotary aerating device, have different jet exiting speeds. This is achieved by giving the scoop outlet edges of these liquid transporting units, which are adjacent to each other, a different distance (d, d') from the drive axle of the rotary aeration device. The liquid transporting units are arranged and constructed in such a way that the liquid jets of at least two liquid transporting units, which are adjacent viewed in the circumferential direction of the rotary aeration device, exiting from said units during the operation of the rotary aeration device strike each other before reentering into the liquid to be aerated.

Abstract: The invention relates to an air flotation cell suitable for use in mineral concentration operations and in waste water treatment. The air flotation cell eliminates the need for aspirators and constriction plates by employing a plenum chamber beneath the flotation chamber. A plurality of static shear tubes connect the two chambers and provide a uniform dispersion of aerated water for the flotation chamber. A similar device is used in the floor plate of the feed well to facilitate the flotation of the aqueous pulp feed.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for dissolving gas in a body of sewage comprising providing a skirt member having a lower open end extending upwardly from said body of sewage to define a volume of said sewage separate from an adjacent body of clarified liquid in said tank, removing a flow of sewage from said body of sewage and pressuring said flow, introducing oxygen into said pressurized flow to form a mixture of oxygen and sewage, introducing said mixture as a jet downwardly into the inlet of a chamber disposed in said volume defined by said skirt member to induce sewage in said chamber and thereby oxygenate said sewage, discharging said oxygenated sewage downwardly through an outlet of said chamber at a reduced velocity, and reducing the momentum of said discharged oxygenated sewage by directing the same onto baffles spaced from the outlet of said chamber.

Abstract: In a dust extraction method and apparatus, impeller means, such as a fan, draws dust-laden air through a water reservoir. Baffles cause the air to divert into sinuous undulating lateral paths through the water without significant turbulence. The air passed through the water is allowed to separate from lateral curtains of water and rises into a grid of plates which strip water from the air prior to its discharge.

Abstract: A combustion air bubble chamber having an inner surface defining an hourglass-shaped column of water and bubble holes located at the bottom of the chamber outwardly of the waist so that bubbles rising from the holes contact the converging inner wall of the lower part of the chamber, are reduced in size, flow along such wall around the waist and outwardly along the diverging wall of the upper part of the chamber and are released from the upper wall to rise to the top of the water. These bubbles are effectively humidified as they rise from the bubble holes to the top of the water. Vapor drawn from the head space above the water is flowed to a burner combustion chamber for improving combustion efficiency.

Abstract: A gas diffuser for use in aeration treatment of water, sewage, industrial wastes and the like is provided. Gas is released from a plurality of vertical slot-shaped ports in a distribution tube. The gas released from said ports rises under the influence of buoyancy and impinges upon a frustro-conical distribution surface located above the distribution ports. The frustro-conical surface evenly disperses the gas to a shear edge whereupon small bubbles are created and violently mixed with the liquid to be treated. Drift control vanes are interposed in an equally-spaced relationship between the distribution ports to provide even distribution.

Abstract: Industrial waters containing dissolved or suspended contaminants are treated by turbulently mixing the contaminated water with a composition comprising a discontinuous phase of gas in the form of spherical bubbles having a narrowly distributed size of at least about 12 microns and each encapsulated in a double surfaced hydration layer containing water and a soluble surfactant having a HLB ratio greater than about 10, the encapsulated gas bubbles being dispersed in a continuous water phase and each having on the outer surface of the hydration layer a layer of collector ions active to react with the contaminants. The surfactant is present in an amount to stabilize the bubbles and to impart to the hydration layer sufficient thickness and viscosity to retard migration of the collector ions through the hydration layer for a period of time sufficient to enable the collector ions to react with the contaminants and cause nucleation thereof directly at the surface layers of the bubbles.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for chlorination of molten magnesium chloride salts, comprising a shell lined with a refractory material and having the interior thereof formed by walls, a bottom and a cover. The lower portion of the shell walls is provided with chlorine inlet means whereas the upper one has a melt feed inlet means and a chlorinated melt outlet means. The interior of the shell is so tapered downward that its clear opening at the level of the chlorine inlet means is not over 0.3 times that at the level of the melt feed inlet means and the chlorinated melt outlet means.

Abstract: A system of apparatus is especially adapted to react gaseous contaminates of natural gas streams with a slurry of reactant particles and incorporates a contactor tower with a bottom gas inlet having a screen at its dynamic liquid level to confine downwardly a fill of packer-spacer material. Gas entering through the bottom inlet of the tower is divided by the packer-spacer material in tortuous flow paths maintained by the confining screen.In advance of the contactor tower, after an inlet scrubber, is a heater which elevates the temperature of the gas before it enters the contactor tower. This avoids formation of clogging hydrates and liquefication of the gas. Using an outlet scrubber assures against entrance of droplets of any liquid into the pipeline.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for improving the quality of mixing of liquid especially viscous media in stirred tank reactors, wherein a change in direction of the medium set in motion is brought about at one point or at several points of the inner wall of the reactor at different levels, in a direction vertical to the angle of approaching flow (attack). The process is especially suitable for fermentation reactions.The invention moreover relates to a corresponding stirred tank reactor.

Abstract: A flame arrestor is disclosed which includes a conduit extending along inside of a drum arranged to contain a quantity of non-combustible liquid. This conduit is equipped with bubbler nozzles that discharge a combustible gas into the liquid in the form of separate, discrete bubbles. The gas is drawn from the drum through outlets above the liquid level and deflectors are positioned to deflect and distribute a flame front entering the drum through any of the nozzles.

Abstract: Dust-laden hot product gas under pressure is admitted into a vessel suspended in a water bath. It escapes through openings in the top of the vessel and the rising bubbles are intercepted by upright tubes through which they cause a flow of water to effect a turnover of the bath. This causes the gas to become cooled, dust to be scrubbed from it and the gas also to become saturated with water vapor.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for causing circulation within a large body of fluid, especially a fluid comprising long molecules, such as polymer chains. The apparatus comprises a so-called "large bubble" generator, which generates a gas bubble to push the liquid through a series of bent pipes and ultimately into a vertically extending stackpipe. Upon generating a large gas bubble into the stackpipe, the gas acts as a piston within the stackpipe, pushing liquid upwardly therethrough, and thereby drawing liquid into the bottom. In order to prevent "motoring", a sharp-edged baffle plate is provided at a bend in the pipes between the gas-accumulator and the stackpipe. The baffle plate serves to prevent continuing flow of the fluid created by the presence of the long chain molecules.

Abstract: Protection of reactors, installed in an enclosed space, in which reactions take place with gases or volatile substances that are toxic and/or that can form an explosive mixture with air. The enclosed space is in open connection with means for passing any gases that may have escaped from the reactor through a liquid bath. The height of the liquid layer and the contents of the liquid bath are sufficient for the maximum possible amount of gas or volatile substance issued from the reactor to be dissolved, condensed, cooled off, inertized or be allowed to react. The liquid in the bath is water, lye, a salt solution, a cooled salt solution or heavy oil.

Abstract: A flame-proof gas-scrubber having a housing adapted to be filled to a predetermined level with a scrubbing liquid, a downwardly extending gas inlet conduit 6, and a series of liquid inlets 16, 24 in a fluid flow path around the outside of the inlet conduit. The liquid inlets communicate with the body of scrubbing liquid well below the level thereof, and a deflector 29 and venturi throat 26 are included concentrically in the fluid flow path for aiding the mixing of the gas and liquid. A skirt 33 surrounds the upper end of the inlet conduit 6 to direct the mixture downwardly above the liquid level to provide for liquid/gas separation.

Abstract: An apparatus for mixing gas with liquid comprising:(a) an inner cylindrical member comprising an elongated tube having upper and lower ends and a plurality of turbines, which are free to rotate about their longitudinal axis, mounted within the tube, the turbines being spaced apart from one and another and so constructed that adjacent turbines have different rotational direction or velocity;(b) optionally, an outer cylindrical member comprising an elongated tube having upper and lower ends and a plurality of openings in the lower half of the tube wall;(c) a base member to which the lower ends of the outer and inner cylindrical members are attached so that the lower ends are sealed, the outer and inner cylindrical members being arranged in a concentric manner; and(d) a gas inlet pipe for introducing gas bubbles into the apparatus.The apparatus is useful for aerating sludge, separating the fine particles contained in a slurry, and separating particles having smooth surfaces from particles having jagged surfaces.

Abstract: The device is a hollow annular member bounding a liquid flow passageway. The member has a gas inlet and a row of apertures around the throat of the passageway to emit gas bubbles into the liquid to induce an upward flow of gasified liquid. The base of the hollow is weighted and the device is freely suspended by a line in the liquid. The suspending line passes freely through a horizontal tube suspension point effectively rigid with the member and a substantial distance above the member. This improves stability of the device against bodily movements and oscillations due to flow reactions, and enables level placement of the suspended device in a desired location.

Abstract: A multi-stage gas/liquid reactor is disclosed which has several concentric internal baffles, which define reaction stage zones. A central liquid inlet and an array of gas inlets supply the reactants which flow sequentially through diametrically opposed baffle passages to the various reaction stage zones. A method of using such a reactor to provide radially outward, positive pressure against the baffles is also disclosed.

Abstract: An exhaust gas scrubber includes a closed tank partially filled with a pool of water and a core assembly within the tank. The assembly includes a vertical cylindrical mixing tube open at its opposite ends and extending above and below water level, an upwardly opening cylindrical deflector cup at the bottom of the tank with its opening concentrically spaced within the lower end of the mixing tube, and a downwardly opening cylindrical deflector hood concentrically receiving the upper end of the mixing tube. Exhaust gases are introduced into the tank through a gas inlet tube, which extends downwardly concentrically through the deflector hood and mixing tube to discharge the gases through its open lower end into the cup. The gases are deflected upwardly into an annular mixing and expansion chamber within the mixing tube through an annular gas orifice defined by an upper side wall of the cup and lower side wall of the inlet tube.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for causing circulation within a large body of fluid. The apparatus comprises a "large bubble" generator exposed to the pressure of the fluid at a predetermined level, a vertically extending standpipe, preferably of adjustable height, an inverted siphon between the standpipe and the generator, and a transverse connection between the standpipe and a vertically extending stackpipe. Upon generating a large gas bubble into the stackpipe, the gas acts as a piston within the stackpipe, pushing liquid upwardly therethrough, and thereby drawing liquid into the bottom. The continuous passage of such large bubbles through the stackpipe results in a current flow circulation through the large standing body of liquid.

Abstract: Arrangement for sucking-off gases, creating by means of water supplied to an annular nozzle surrounding the outlet of a gas conduit and forming a first hydraulic pump with a vortex, thereby mixing the gas and water thoroughly and sucking off the mixture by a second annular water nozzle into an ejector or second pump extending into a diffuser which terminates below the level of water in a vessel, where separation of the gas and water takes place.

Abstract: Apparatus for supplying air into a liquid can be used as an aeration apparatus for a biochemical waste water treatment system operating according to an activated sludge process, for example, or as an air bubble generator to be used in a solid particle flotation system. A liquid in a tank is circulated by a pump. An air intake device is disposed in a suction pipe connected to the pump. The air withdrawn by the air intake device is mixed and agitated with the liquid in the pump, whereby minute air bubbles are distributed throughout the liquid. The liquid containing air bubbles is fed from the pump to an injector disposed within the tank, and ejected thereby into the tank in the form of jet water streams.

Abstract: A static diffuser for use within the water tank of an ozonator system. The diffuser comprises a depending water pipe into which water is fed under pressure by an external pump. The lower end of the pipe flares outward and has an internal fixed cone which combines with the flared end of the pipe to provide an annular laterally directed water discharge. The annular discharge includes angularly directed vanes to enhance the water discharge and assist in forming a high velocity outwardly directed circular sheet of water. The pipe is surrounded, in spaced relation, by a shroud through which the ozone is introduced. The shroud is provided with an annular slot outward of the pipe discharge, the shape of the shroud at the slot forming a modified 360.degree. circular venturi whereby the discharging high velocity sheet of water creates a negative pressure drawing the ozone therewith into the surrounding body of water for a ozonation thereof.