Abstract: The air purification apparatus includes a waterproof chamber having a water supply inlet, a drain, an air inlet, and an air outlet. At least two cylinders are mounted to spin about their respective axes within the chamber in parallel alignment adjacent to each other, and a motor drives each of the cylinders to rotate at high speed. The surfaces of the cylinders have numerous small holes formed therein. A pump circulates water through the water supply inlet to the inside of each of the cylinders. By rotating the cylinders at high speed, the water pumped to the inside of each of the cylinders is injected by centrifugal force through the numerous small holes therein at high speed such that streams of water droplets are forced to collide against each in the typhoon chamber and particularly between the cylinders. These forceful collisions produce infinitesimally small water particles with negative ions that have high air purification ability. An air blower circulates air through the chamber for purification.

Abstract: A mixing head to be mounted on a utilization system is operable to mix media and to then supply the mixed media to the utilization system. The mixing head includes a housing having an inlet end and an outlet end. The outlet end has an annular flange to enable the housing to be mounted on the utilization system. A rotor is mounted within the housing for rotation about an axis. The rotor includes an upstream axial flow impeller and a downstream radial flow impeller. Each impeller includes plural rigid and fixed blades. At the outlet end of the housing is an outlet in the form of an annular gap to supply mixed media from the housing into the utilization system. A deflection hood is mounted at the outlet end of the housing. The annular gap is positioned radially outwardly of the hood. The hood has an outer surface that is directed away from the housing and that has a convex shape.

Abstract: A compact portable misting fan includes a novel and attractive housing which makes extremely efficient use of space, encased fan blades which are mounted between front and rear baffles, a liquid reservoir with an atomizer, conveniently located mist and fan controls, and an easily accessible battery compartment. The housing has a substantially flat profile with a substantially cylindrical upper section in which the fan is mounted and a substantially rectilinear lower section in which the reservoir and batteries are contained. The fan on/off switch is located on a lower portion of the cylindrical upper section and the misting button is located on an upper portion of the rectilinear lower section and on a side opposite to the fan switch. It is easily held in the user's hand so that the fan and the mister can be operated separately by thumb or index finger. A small hole is provided in the housing for the outlet of the atomizer.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for achieving an optimal energy exchange in regenerative heat exchange between the combustion air and precooled, wet flue gases from a cooling device. By letting the moisture in said flue gases be condensed on the heat transfer surfaces the moisture will be transferred over to the air side where it is vaporized, resulting in some advantages, e.g. an increased energy exchange. According to the invention it has turned out to be possible to achieve a further increase of the energy exchange in a simple way by ensuring that the heat transfer surfaces of the flue gas side become really water-soaked when on the flue gas side, e.g. by letting the condensed water from the precooling device (15) drip or flow down onto the heat transfert surfaces such that said surfaces will remain wet during the entire passage through the combustion air side (10).

Abstract: A water atomization system for cooling, aeration, and pollution control gas scrubbing, wherein a multiple blade fan is mounted in a tower cap, or positioned directly inside of a tank or tower. Water exiting nozzles impinges off the fan blades, thereby propelling and rotating the fan. The rotating fan atomizes the water into fine droplets, and forces air through the atomized water. For cooling and aeration applications, heat or dissolved gasses in the water are liberated and carried away by the flowing air. The system can also be used for pollution control, whereby instead of air traveling through the device, gasses of combustion flow through it. The water traps, absorbs, and chemically reacts with suspended particles in the flowing gasses.

Abstract: An apparatus for wet process exhaust gas desulfurization including a spraying portion for spreading absorbent slurry including calcium compound, an absorbing tower for bringing the absorbent slurry sprayed from the spraying portion into contact with exhaust gas including sulfur oxides from opposite directions so as to absorb the sulfur oxides in the exhaust gas into the absorbent slurry, a slurry tank disposed below the absorbing tower for receiving the absorbent slurry from the absorbing tower, a plurality of stirrers for stirring each stirrer being an axial flow type agitator having a propeller, and circular system for circulating the absorbent slurry from the slurry tank to the spraying portion. The apparatus further includes a plurality of nozzles for feeding oxidizer gas including oxygen into the absorbent slurry from a backside of each propeller towards a periphery thereof uniformly with respect to a circumferential direction, thereby bubbling the oxidizer gas finely around each propeller.

Abstract: An apparatus comprising a rotatable mass of structured packing for mass or heat transfer between two contacting fluids of different densities wherein the packing mass is made up of corrugated sheets of involute shape relative to the axis of the packing mass and form a logarithmic spiral curved counter to the direction of rotation.

Abstract: This invention relates to a sewage sludge treatment system resulting in an oxygenated and/or ozonated treated sludge containing substantially no pathogens. The system includes apparatus and a process for mascerating raw sludge, adjusting the pH to about 2.5 to about 3, adjusting the solids content to about 2.5% to about 4%, adjusting the temperature, if necessary, to about 20.degree. C. to about 40.degree. C., mixing an oxygen-rich gas, such as oxygen and/or ozone with the sludge as the sludge is mixed or recirculated through a hyperbaric vessel and simultaneously injecting the oxygen-rich gas into a combination gas and sludge mixing and dispersing assembly in an upper portion of the hyperbaric vessel. Such injection causes mixing of the gas and sludge and dispersement of such mixture in a plurality of streams to atomize and oxygenate the sludge.

Abstract: A centrifugal film bioreactor useful for processing both shear sensitive and shear requiring or tolerant cells. A liquid phase is directed upward in a guide tube to rotating truncated conical surfaces which transport the liquid phase across their surfaces. After leaving the conical surfaces, the liquid passes through a gaseous phase and may contact the wall of the fermentation vessel and then combine with the downward moving liquid phase in the lower part of the fermentation vessel, where it circulates. The maximum entrainment of the gaseous phase into the liquid phase occurs while the liquid phase is passing through the gaseous phase. Different configurations of guide tube propellers and fermentation vessel, allow for processing of different shear tolerant cells.

Abstract: A direct forced draft counterflow water cooling tower module includes an integral one-piece frame and basin preferably constructed from molded fiberglass. The cooling tower includes a liquid distribution system, fill material located below the liquid distribution system, a drainage collection system located below the fill material, and at least one fan located below the drainage collection system. The fan blows cooling air directly upward through the drainage collection system and then through the fill material.

Abstract: A gas distributor and heating device for a spray dryer which includes a feed liquid atomizer in a drying chamber, a gas distributor for supplying a uniform flow of gas, a guide duct for conveying the flow of gas from the gas distributor and to an outlet providing a flow of processing or drying gas to contact liquid droplets dispersed by the atomizer. A gas heater is located in the device between the gas distributor and the guide duct outlet to heat the gas just prior to its introduction into the spray chamber. This provides a high temperature drying gas close to the atomizer and avoids problems encountered in attempting to transfer a gas that has been heated at a location remote from the spray chamber. A guide duct in the form of an annular guide duct provides an annular flow of heated gas concentric with the atomizer. A gas burner extends circumferentially around the interior of the guide duct and is disposed to emit the gases of combustion in the direction of the outlet.

Abstract: A fluid distributing apparatus provides a fountain-type distributor which effects substantially uniform radial distribution of fluid across a spray pattern. An irregular spaced annular nozzle opening is provided for deflecting the spray pattern into a non-circular pattern, and in a preferred case into a square pattern. Also, an automatic adjustment varies the spacing around the entire nozzle opening to accommodate varying supply pressures. The distributor is particularly suited for use in industrial cooling towers to increase the efficiency of the cooling towers by increasing the uniformity of water distribution across the fill material of the cooling tower.

Abstract: A fluid distributing apparatus provides a fountain-type distributor which effects substantially uniform radial distribution of fluid across a spray pattern. A fixed deflector is provided for deflecting the spray pattern into a non-circular pattern, and in a preferred case into a rectangular pattern. The distributor is particularly suited for use in industrial cooling towers to increase the efficiency of the cooling towers by increasing the uniformity of water distribution across the fill material of the cooling tower.

Abstract: It is the object of the invention to present a construction for convective smoke filtering cleaners, especially for of the kind that mainly consists of a ceramic smoke filter, a drive fan, a smoke converting device, a water filter, a poison filtering device and a draw fan. Its major feature is that the ceramic smoke filter percolates the black smoke in the exhaust duct and turns it into white smoke, and then the drive fan makes white smoke quickly flow into the smoke converting device. The water supply system of the smoke converting device keeps water flowing around the wall of the exhaust duct and atomized water spraying incessantly in the duct. A rotating reservoir atomizes water and sprays over the inside wall of the duct. Consequently, when the white smoke arrives at the smoke converting device, atomized water drops can completely absorb and purify the smoke. The drifting dust and impurities in smoke along with water fluid are collected in the water filter installed under the smoke converting device.

Abstract: A centrifugal cooling device includes a housing having a water tank, a water valve, an overflow pipe and an outlet at its lower portion. A number of louvers are provided on a perimeter and an upper portion of the housing with a number of long slits formed between. Each perimetrical louver includes an inner louver and an outer louver which are slanted downwardly toward each other. A gap is formed between each inner and outer louver. A ring portion is formed on an upper central portion of the housing. A number of fixed stands extend downwardly from the ring portion and a mounting means is attached to the lower ends of the fixed stands. A hole is centrally formed on the mounting means for the installation of the motor. A conical rotor plate is rotatably mounted on a spindle of the motor. Centrifugal blades are provided around an edge portion of an upper surface of the conical rotor plate. A plurality of fan blades are provided on an edge portion of an underside of the conical rotor plate.

Abstract: A counter-current contacting device which includes a number of features which increase the efficiency and/or increase the pressure differential across the device is disclosed. Systems for reducing the alcohol content of an alcohol containing beverage or wine, for stripping aroma and flavor from a fruit juice and for desulphuring a liquid containing dissolved sulphur dioxide are also disclosed. Each of these systems incorporate a counter-current contact device of the invention.

Abstract: This invention relates to apparatus for treating sewage sludge in a hyperbaric vessel in which the sludge is oxygenated by injecting an oxygen-rich gas into the sewage sludge and then dispersing the mixture of sludge and oxygen-rich gas into the upper portion of a hyperbaric vessel for further interaction with an oxygen-rich atmosphere. The oxygen-rich gas is injected into the sewage sludge by delivering the gas to a combination gas and sludge mixing and dispersing assembly. The gas and sludge are mixed within a plurality of channels formed in the assembly before the mixture is dispersed from the channels.

Abstract: Chocolate is refined by so-called conching. This is carried out in a device whereby the mass is spread out in a thin film and exposed to the air. Among other things, the viscosity is reduced as a result. By subjecting the chocolate mass directly prior to the spreading in a thin film to high shear stresses, a further reduction in viscosity takes place. The invention provides a device wherein, directly preceding the spreading out in a film, the mass is subjected to high shear stresses by means of arranging radially directed pins on a drive shaft.

Abstract: Improvements in a centrifugal cooling tower which include a housing having a water tank, a water valve, an over-flow pipe and an outlet at its lower portion. The housing has louvers on its perimeter and upper portion with louvers defining a number of long slits for air to be readily drawn in. A screen structure near the upper inside of the housing collects the upwardly rising water vapor to form condensated which falls down into the tank to be used for re-circulated. Fixed beams and a motor are mounted on a fixed post in the inside center of the body frame. Supports are fixed to the post respectively by a deflection screen member and a perforated drum of the rotating cylinder supported in position by a shaft. The perforated drum has a spiral blade fan for drawing in a large amount of outside air to perform heat exchange with droplets of water.

Abstract: A fuel vaporizer for creating continuously variable stratified fuel vapor air mixtures at intake is described for use with internal combustion engines. Liquid fuel spread of the inner surface of a rotating heated cylinder evaporates into the intake air moving in pulses at approximately right angles to the liquid motion. The resulting fuel vapor air mixture is continuously variable stratified and the consequent delay gradients permit the use of compression ignition for the engine without excessive noise.

Abstract: Apparatus for removing small particles from a substrate comprising a source of fluid carbon dioxide, a first means for expanding a portion of the fluid carbon dioxide into a first mixture containing gaseous carbon dioxide and fine droplets of liquid carbon dioxide, coalescing means for converting the first mixture into a second mixture containing gaseous carbon dioxide and larger liquid droplets of carbon dioxide, second expansion means for converting said second mixture into a third mixture containing solid particles of carbon dioxide and gaseous carbon dioxide, and means for directing said third mixture toward the substrate. Also disclosed are methods for removing fine particles from substrates utilizing the subject apparatus.

Abstract: A carbonated beverage dispenser having a carbonating tank is described. The dispenser is for dispensing beverages comprising a concentrate and a diluent usually carbonated water. The carbonation takes place in the tank by spraying or jetting refrigerated water inside the tank and by spinning a bladed rotor inside the tank so as to intersect the jets or sprays to break up the water into atomized clouds. This is done in a carbon dioxide atmosphere inside the tank and therefore absorption of carbon dioxide takes place rapidly. A magnetic coupling between the bladed rotor and a prime mover outside the tank means that there is no need to make any break in the tank for a drive shaft. The dispenser also has facility to dispense either still water or carbonated water or a mixture depending upon the degree of carbonation required of the diluent.

Abstract: An injection molded plastic turbine rotor for a rotor-type carburetor is assembled by simply pressing together upper and lower generally cylindrical sections. When joined in this manner the two sections form in the assembled rotor an internal circumferential seal between the two sections, and an internal passageway system which defines a centrifugal pump mechanism within the turbine rotor. In an alternate embodiment, the rotor includes a third plastic section which is captively retained within the rotor, between the upper and lower sections thereof, and is adapted to lockingly receive an end portion of a fuel supply tube inserted downwardly through a central opening formed through the upper section.

Abstract: A liquid vaporizing apparatus having a cylindrical heated vaporizing surface against which atomized droplets of liquid are thrown by a spinning disk; the disk receiving a continuous thin film of liquid from a capillary tube spaced from the disk so that a fluid drop fed from the tube end is contacted by the disk to roll the drop while pulling a liquid film from the drop, the liquid being continuously replenished from the tube.

Abstract: Fermentation equipment is provided with multiple rotating conical surfaces which create a flow of the liquid phase along the conical surfaces and produce a forced flow of the gaseous phase across the liquid phase, thus resulting in much improved mass transfer between the phases and preventing the formation of foam. The equipment is provided within a standard sterilizable fermentation vessel at the bottom of which is located propeller means for circulation of the liquid phase, cylindrical heat exchanger means for heating or cooling the liquid phase and a gas sparging system for introduction of the gaseous phase.

Abstract: A rotary device comprising a rotor which comprises (i) a first annular compartment in which is disposed a permeable element, and (ii) a second annular compartment and which is adapted such that a liquid to be degassed flows radially outwards, in counter-current flow to a displacing gas, as a continuous phase, through the pores of the permeable element and then radially inwards through the second compartment to be discharged from the rotor adjacent the axis of rotation thereof. The device is particularly suitable for the deaeration of water.

Abstract: A gas-liquid contact apparatus includes a rotor having an outer wall parallel to the axis of rotation of the rotor, a permeable element mounted within the rotor for rotation therewith, inlets to supply liquid and gas to the rotor and outlets for conducting a gas and liquid respectively from the rotor. The permeable element is made of a plurality of strips of permeable material in layers superimposed progressively from the outer wall inwards towards the axis of rotation, the strips being in end-to-end abutment and the abutments being circumferentially staggered in adjacent layers.

Abstract: A counter-flow forced-draft type cooling tower comprising an outer structure, the top of which has an opening, a centrifugal fan which is an integral part of a rotatable cylinder. The rotatable cylinder has numerous small apertures. A screen which is coaxial with the cylinder. A motor mounted underneath the cylinder which rotates the cylinder. An annular corrugated water guiding plate on the side wall of the outer structure, an inclined water collecting plate under the water guiding plate. Ventilation louvers which are disposed underneath the outer structure. A water tank which is disposed under the louver to collect the cooled water and which has a floating valve to control the amount of water contained therein. The lower provides an inlet for outside air. The air then flows upwards, and is sucked into the rotating cylinder by the centrifugal fan, which also slings hot water radially out of the cylinder. Next the air goes out through the opening of the top cover.

Abstract: A device based on rotating surfaces for promoting highly efficient molecular diffusive transfer between gases and liquids is described. Said transfer is achieved by generating a thin film of liquid which flows on a rotating surface, thereby exposing a large area of flowing liquid to the gaseous phase. This device is especially useful in promoting efficient molecular transfer of gases with low solubility in the liquid, e.g., oxygen into an aqueous phase in conventional aerobic fermentation vessels. The principle of this system can be employed in the reverse direction of transfer, for gases leaving the liquid phase, such as occurs in stripping, defoaming and deodorization. Of special value is the prevention of foaming, a common problem in the operation of conventional fermentation processes which occurs as the molecular transfer takes place.

Abstract: A process gas is introduced into a treatment chamber (40) through a horizontal spiral gas supply duct (30) having a tangential inlet (31) and opening to a pair of concentric, inner and outer annular gas inlet ducts (12,22) surrounding a liquid spray apparatus (2). Partition means (32) divide the spiral supply duct (30) into independent inner and outer sub-ducts (34,36) which define separate inner and outer flow passages (44,46) connected respectively to the inner and outer annular gas inlet ducts (12,22). Damper means (70) is provided in the inlet to the outer sub-duct (36) to selectively control the flow of process gas (7) therethrough as a means of maintaining the velocity of the flow of process gas (5) through the inner flow passage (44) above a minimum acceptable velocity.

Abstract: An impact fuel system comprising an air chamber in communication with a fuel chamber, a rotatable fuel accelerator wheel interposed between the air chamber and fuel chamber, fuel passageway extending between a fuel supply and the central portion of the fuel accelerator wheel for directing fuel to the interior thereof, the fuel accelerator wheel being provided with outlet ports around the outer periphery thereof for ejecting fuel against an impact ring to break the fuel into small droplets, an air passageway provided around the outer periphery of the fuel accelerator wheel receives the air droplets at a void area in the air stream whereby highly vaporized fuel air mixture is delivered to an internal combustion engine or the like for fuel economy and reduction of pollutants in the exhaust gases of the engine.

Abstract: Apparatus for removing gaseous components and/or solid impurities from a gaseous fluid flow includes a frame structure in which are disposed a fluid flow inlet connector through which the gaseous fluid flow is charged into the frame structure, a scrubber, a discharge connector through which the purified fluid flow is discharged from the frame structure and a connector through which scrubbing liquid is introduced into the apparatus and contacted with the fluid flow.

Abstract: The annulus (20) around the fuel feed stud (8) which seals the rotor (14) of this central injection device is connected to a stowage compartment (40) for intake air by way of a ball bearing (7). In the case of the impeller (31, 35) driven rotor (14), the stowage air pressure counteracts the leakage fuel pressure in the annulus (20). By adapting the width of the opening of the stowage compartment (40), the stowage air pressure is adjusted to be equal to or slightly higher than the leakage fuel pressure, so that no fuel can flow out of the annulus (20). To enrich the fuel of the air-fuel mixture in the higher load range, a width of opening of the stowage compartment (40) is provided where the stowage air pressure at the corresponding RPM's becomes smaller than the leakage fuel pressure and the rotor (14) delivers additional fuel.

Abstract: Means for creating continuously variable stratified air fuel mixtures at the intake of an internal combustion engine are described wherein the air fuel ratio and/or the kinds of fuel molecules vary through the mixture. Compression ignition delay gradients can be created by use of these continuously variable stratified mixtures and in consequence a gradual occurrence of compression ignition can be achieved with great reduction of engine noise and improvements in engine utilization efficiency.

Abstract: This carburetion system for automobiles serves to increase gasoline mileage greatly, and it consists primarily of a regulator for metering drops of fuel onto a motor-driven fan in a fuel and air mixing chamber. It further includes a heat expansion cylinder connected to the mixing chamber, so as to vaporize the mixture fully and completely by exhaust gases of the engine, prior to the fuel and air gas entering the cylinders of the automobile engine.

Abstract: A rotary gas washer with a droplet generator formed by a ring of radially extending blades mounted for rotation about a vertical axis as liquid is distributed over the blades so droplets are shed at the peripheral surfaces. A gas inlet scroll directs the inlet gas to an annular reaction space about the generator periphery. The outlet scroll is directly above the inlet scroll and connected thereto by a vertical duct having approximately the same diameter as the ring.

Abstract: In a gas-tight sealing device for rotary gas-liquid contacting apparatus, a liquid channel takes excess sealing liquid away from the seal to reduce viscous drag.

Abstract: In centrifugal gas-liquid contact apparatus, liquid hold-up is reduced by the provision of guide means to separate the liquid outflow from the gas inflow to the rotor.

Abstract: In centrifugal apparatus for gas-liquid contacting, liquid discharged from the rotor into a surrounding chamber is led from the chamber by guide means on the chamber wall.

Abstract: In a spray dryer apparatus (20) wherein a slurry (30) is contacted with a hot drying gas (12), a spray head assembly comprising an annular swirler vane assembly (42) disposed about the gas inlet in the roof of the spray dryer (20), an atomizing spray head housing (44) disposed coaxially within the center of the swirler vane assembly, an elongated guide tube (46) extending upwardly from the spray head housing (44), an atomizing spray head (58) disposed in the spray head housing with its spray tip (60) extending into the spray dryer (20), an elongated seal sleeve (72) extending downwardly from the guide tube into the spray head housing, and a support tube (70) extending upwardly from the spray head (58) into the seal sleeve (72). The support tube (70) is slidably translatable with the seal sleeve (70) and the guide tube (46) so that the spray head (58) attached to the support tube may be withdrawn upwardly through the guide tube for removal for inspection and maintenance.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for the continuous contact and the subsequent separation from one another of immiscible fluids differing in density from one another, in which the entrainment of either fluid by the other is suppressed by obliging the less dense fluid to flow radially inward, from an annular passage between the interlapped walls of two coaxial conduits, through a generally continuous spinning ring of the denser fluid connecting the overlapped outlet of the inner conduit with the overlapping wall of the outer conduit, the two immiscible fluids separating centrifugally from one another with the less dense fluid being withdrawn from an inner space closer to the axis of spin than the surrounding denser fluid being separately withdrawn from the outer conduit.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a fuel/air metering apparatus which incorporates a fuel valve responsive to variations in air flow as monitored by a vacuum diaphragm, an air metering apparatus having a plate rotatable about an axis generally parallel to the direction of airflow at the plate, and a vaporizing apparatus which enhances the vaporization rate of the fuel to serve as a device to meter fuel and air to an externally timed ignition internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A housing has a fuel chamber formed therewithin. A fuel flow path is formed to and from the chamber. A plurality of air passageways are formed through the housing. A movable plate member has a plurality of spaced ports formed therein, and is movable from an open to a closed position. In the closed position, the holes in the plate are misaligned with the outlet end of the flow passageways, thereby precluding air flow therethrough; and, when the plate is moved to the open position, the holes in the plate are brought into registry with the passageways, thereby permitting flow of air to occur therethrough. A cam is formed on the plate and reciprocates a valve element respective to a valve seat. The valve is located to control flow from the fuel chamber, through the valve, and through the plate member.

Abstract: A column for heat and mass transfer between a liquid and a gaseous phase has stage plates of which each is made up of a fixed ring part joined to the wall of the column, and a wheel part fixed to a turning shaft within the column. Each ring part and each wheel part are made bell-shaped or conical and the wheel part is nested within the fixed ring part and has blades on its lower face.

Abstract: A mixture preparation apparatus for mixture-compressing, externally ignited internal combustion engines, which serves to improve the output and to reduce both fuel consumption and the proportion of toxic components in the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine. The mixture preparation apparatus comprises a rotatable vane body having a scoop disposed in the air intake line across the air flow direction, and including a portion arranged to extend into a section of the air intake line. The rotatable scoop is disposed in the region of an annular flow channel, so that between the inflow and the outflow side of the flow channel a constant, yet arbitrarily variable pressure difference can be regulated. The structure revealed requires only a small air component to drive the vane body, and thus only a limited energy requirement is present.

Abstract: A carburetor for supplying a fuel/air mixture to an internal combustion engine comprises fuel regulation means for controlling flow rate of the fuel in response to a motor vehicle throttle and continuously feeding the fuel to the intake manifold of the engine, air admitting means for admitting air with the ejected fuel into the intake manifold, and fuel/air admixing means including a plurality of blades rotating by suction force due to the operation of the engine. The fuel and air passing through the fuel regulation means and the air admitting means, respectively, are atomizingly admixed and are fed to the engine through the intake manifold.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for the continuous contact and the subsequent separation from one another of immiscible fluids differing in density from one another, in which the entrainment of either fluid by the other is suppressed by obliging the less dense fluid to flow radially inward, from an annular passage between the interlapped walls of two coaxial conduits, through a generally continuous spinning ring of the denser fluid connecting the overlapped outlet of the inner conduit with the overlapping wall of the outer conduit, the two immiscible fluids separating centrifugally from one another with the less dense fluid being withdrawn from an inner space closer to the axis of spin than the surrounding denser fluid being separately withdrawn from the outer conduit.

Abstract: An apparatus for washing gases and/or recovering heat therefrom, which apparatus includes a cylindrical treatment vessel (1) having at the bottom thereof a gas inlet (3) connected to a gas supply line (2) and at the top thereof a gas outlet (4) for processed gas; a vertical rotatable center shaft (5) which carries at least one cup-shaped rotary body (6) having a plurality of openings (7), preferably vertical slots, in the side wall (8) thereof; respective means (9, 10) cooperating with each of said rotary bodies (6) for introducing liquid to at least one location within said at least one rotary body (6); and a liquid outlet (11) at the bottom of the vessel. The liquid introduced into the rotary body or bodies (6) is thrown as curtains of liquid through the openings (7) against the walls of the treatment vessel by rotating the rotary body or bodies (6).

Abstract: A gaseous fluid purifier comprising at least two disks having a common axis of symmetry or of rotation and spaced apart from each other; the disks are comprised of a roughened material adapted to adsorb impurities from the fluid being purified; the disks may be additionally impregnated with neutralizing, or the like, chemical substance; at least one of the disks is of conical shape; in some embodiments, the distance between the two disks at the peripheries of the disks is smaller than the distance between them at the center; a central aspiration opening of circular shape is provided in at least one of the two disks; rotation of at least one, and more usually both, of the two disks aspirates fluid to be purified through the aspiration opening and between the disks and the purified fluid exits radially from between the disks; in other embodiments, the disks are not conically shaped, but the disk surfaces are shaped to produce discontinuities in the fluid flow.

Abstract: A process and apparatus are disclosed for effecting mass transfer between two fluid phases, one of which is a liquid. The process comprises charging the fluids to an element which has a large interfacial area and which is permeable to the fluids and rotating the element such that the fluids are subjected to an acceleration of at least 300 m sec.sup.- 1 as they flow through the element.