Abstract: Disclosed are improved polymer materials. Also disclosed are fine fiber materials that can be made from the improved polymeric materials in the form of microfiber and nanofiber structures. The microfiber and nanofiber structures can be used in a variety of useful applications including the formation of filter materials.

Abstract: A nanofiber is formed by combining one or more natural or synthetic polymeric materials and one or more than one cross-linking agents having at least two latent reactive activatable groups. The latent reactive activatable nanofiber may be used to modify the surface of a substrate by activating at least one of the latent reactive activatable groups to bond the nanofiber to the surface by the formation of a covalent bond between the surface of the substrate and the latent reactive activatable group. Some of the remaining latent reactive activatable group(s) are left accessible on the surface of the substrate, and may be used for further surface modification of the substrate. Biologically active materials may be immobilized on the nanofiber modified surface by reacting with the latent reactive groups that are accessible on the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: Continuous, conducting metal patterns can be formed from metal nanoparticle containing films by exposure to radiation (FIG. 1). The metal patterns can be one, two, or three dimensional and have high resolution resulting in feature sizes in the order of micron down to nanometers Compositions containing the nanoparticles coated with a ligand and further including a dye, a metal salt, and either a matrix or an optional sacrificial donor are also disclosed.

Abstract: Provided are conducting polymer nanofibers, methods of making conducting polymer nanofibers, and uses thereof. The conducting polymer nanofibers can be formed by, for example, electrospinning, force spinning, and centrifugal spinning using a spinning dope. The conducting polymer nanofibers can be used in devices, such as a radiation detecting device.

Abstract: Elevated temperature electrospinning apparatus comprises a pump upstream of or containing a resistance heater, means to shield applied electrostatic field from the resistance heater, and a temperature modulator for modulating temperature in the spinning region.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a continuous nanofiber is described. The method includes preparing a solution of one or more polymers and one or more solvents and electrospinning the solution by discharging the solution through one or more liquid jets into an electric field to yield one or more continuous nanofibers. The electrospinning process (i) highly orients one or more polymer chains in the one or more continuous nanofibers along a fiber axis of the one or more continuous nanofibers, and (ii) suppresses polymer crystallization in the one or more continuous nanofibers. The one or more continuous nanofibers can have diameters below about 250 nanometers and exhibit an increase in fiber strength and modulus while maintaining strain at failure, resulting in an increase in fiber toughness.

Abstract: A spinneret for producing nanofibers from a viscous liquid using electrostatic spinning in an electric field is described. The spinneret includes one or more narrow annular bodies radially centered about and axially spaced along a central axis. The annular bodies may be discs, rings, or coils.

Abstract: A collector device of a non-woven fabric manufacturing apparatus electrostatically attracts and stacks fibers charged at a first electrical polarity on a front surface of a base sheet. The collector device comprises an electrode disposed to face a back surface of the base sheet at a distance, the electrode is supplied with a voltage having a second electrical polarity opposite to the first electrical polarity or grounded, and a plurality of charge holding members positioned between the base sheet and the electrode. The charge holding members serially come in contact with and get away from the back surface of the base sheet at random.

Abstract: A high dielectric composition for particle formation that includes a high dielectric solvent, and a high dielectric polymer dissolved into the high dielectric solvent. A method of forming particles including dissolving a high dielectric polymer in a high dielectric solvent to form a high dielectric composition, and dielectrophoretically spinning the high dielectric composition in an electrostatic field to form particles.

Abstract: A nanofiber manufacturing apparatus for fabricating nanofibers from a raw material liquid by electrostatic explosions includes a housing internally having an electrospinning space in which nanofibers are fabricated, and a support structure for supporting an electrospinning head including nozzles for ejecting the raw material liquid into the electrospinning space. The support structure is fittable to and removable from the housing and is enabled to self-stand in a state of having been removed from the housing.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of preparing spinel lithium titanium oxide nanofibers for a negative electrode of a lithium secondary battery, including (S1) mixing an organic material selected from the group consisting of polyvinylpyrrolidone, polymethylmethacrylate, polyethylene, polyethylene oxide and polyvinyl alcohol, a lithium precursor, and a titanium precursor with a solvent, thus preparing a mixture solution, (S2) electrospinning the mixture solution, thus preparing composite nanofibers, and (S3) heat-treating the composite nanofibers, thus removing the organic material.

Abstract: Fibers can be formed from monomers derived from a biorenewable source. In an embodiment, a fiber forming composition that includes a monomer or mixture of monomers with at least one monomer being derived from a biorenewable source in placed in a fiber producing device. At least a portion of the fiber forming composition is ejected through an opening of the fiber forming device. The ejected fiber forming composition is subjected to light at wavelengths sufficient to activate a reaction which causes solidification of the fiber as the fibers are ejected from the fiber producing device.

Abstract: A stretchable conductive nanofiber includes a polymer nanofiber, and one-dimensional conductive nanoparticles that form a percolation network within the polymer nanofiber, and are oriented at an angle in a range of about 0° to about 45° with a respect to an axis of the polymer nanofiber.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method and a device for application of liquid polymeric material onto the active spinning zone of the cord of the spinning member of the spinning electrode, where the application means moving reversibly along the active spinning zone of the cord in the device for production of nanofibres through electrostatic spinning of liquid material in electrostatic field of high intensity between at least one spinning electrode and against it arranged collecting electrode. The liquid polymeric material is applied onto the cord around its whole circumference without any contact with gaseous environment in the spinning space, where the application means reversibly moves, whereas while the cord is leaving the application means the thickness of the layer of the liquid polymeric material is being reduced and immediately after leaving the application means the process of electrostatic spinning of the liquid polymeric material applied on the cord is started.

Abstract: Described herein are apparatuses and methods of creating fibers, such as microfibers and nanofibers. The methods discussed herein employ centrifugal forces to transform material into fibers. Apparatuses that may be used to create fibers are also described. Embodiments described herein relate to apparatuses and methods for the deposition of fibers onto substrates.

Abstract: Described herein are apparatuses and methods of creating fibers, such as microfibers and nanofibers. The methods discussed herein employ centrifugal forces to transform material into fibers. Apparatuses that may be used to create fibers are also described. The apparatuses and methods described herein may be used to simultaneously create microfibers and nanofibers.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods of fiber spinning and polymer fibers that utilize multifunctional thiol and enes compounds. Also, the subject matter disclosed herein relates to uses of polymer fibers and articles prepared from such fibers.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods for electrospinning chitinous biomass solution to form chitin fibers, using ionic liquids or other ion-containing liquids as solvent. Chitin fibers produced thereby and articles containing such chitin fibers are also disclosed. The chitin fiber thus obtained has very high surface area and improved strength over currently commercially available chitin materials.

Abstract: A method of preparing a fuel cell catalyst includes preparing a catalyst precursor solution by mixing a catalyst precursor and a solvent, and subjecting the catalyst precursor solution to radiation of electron beams having energy of less than or equal to 1 MeV. A method of preparing the fuel cell catalyst uses electron beams having low energy so that it can provide a desirable catalyst uniformly in a simple and economical process, as well as releasing few X-rays so that the catalyst can be mass produced.

Abstract: Calcium-phosphate nanofiber matrices comprising randomly dispersed crystalline calcium-phosphate nanofibers are provided. The nanofibers are synthesized using sol-gel methods combined with electrospinning The nanofibers may be hollow, solid or may comprise a calcium-phosphate shell surrounding a polymer containing inner core to which biologically functional additives may be added. The nanofiber matrices may be used to culture bone and dental cells, and as implants to treat bone, dental or periodontal diseases and defects.

Abstract: An electrospinning fine fiber production methodology for generating a significant amount of fibers with diameters of less than 100 nanometers is provided. Also, a filter media composite comprising a substrate layer and an electrospun fine fiber layer having a increased efficiency relative to pressure drop and/or a controlled pore size distribution is provided. According to some embodiments nylon is electrospun from a solvent combination of formic and acetic acids.

Abstract: Disclosed is to a method of manufacturing an anode active material, including mixing a first solution having a metal oxide precursor dissolved therein, a second solution having a polymer as a carbon fiber precursor dissolved therein, and an ionic liquid solution for nitrogen doping and formation of a porous structure, thus preparing an electrospinning solution, electrospinning the electrospinning solution, thus preparing a metal oxide-nitrogen-porous carbon nanofiber composite, and thermally treating the composite, and to an anode and a lithium battery using the anode active material.

Abstract: A method of preparing a polysaccharide-protein fiber by preparing an aqueous solution comprising a polysaccharide and a protein, applying a high voltage to the solution, collecting the fiber on a collecting plate.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide electrospinning devices, methods of use, uncompressed fibrous mesh, and the like, are disclosed.

Abstract: Provided is a nano-fiber manufacturing apparatus capable of mass-producing nano-fibers having uniform quality at a low manufacturing cost. The nano-fiber manufacturing apparatus is equipped with a nozzle block having a plurality of upward nozzles and a polymer solution supply channel. The nano-fiber manufacturing apparatus field-emits the nano-fibers while overflowing the polymer solution from the upward nozzles, and at the same time, collects the overflowed polymer solution so as to reuse it. The nano-fiber manufacturing apparatus is additionally equipped with a raw material tank, regeneration tanks, a middle tank, a first transfer device for transferring the polymer solution to the regeneration tanks, a second transfer device for transferring the polymer solution to the middle tank, and first and second transfer control devices for controlling the transfer operations of the first and second transfer devices.

Abstract: With respect to synthetic collagen that has so far been difficult to be nano-fiberized, a method for producing uniform and long fibrous nano-fibers containing a synthetic collagen is described. The nano-fibers contain a polypeptide having a peptide fragment represented by Formula (1): -(Pro-Y-Gly)n??(1), wherein Y represents hydroxyproline or proline, and n is an integar ranging from 5 to 9000. The producing method includes a step of preparing a spinning solution containing the polypeptide and a polymer, and a step of spinning with an electrospinning method using the spinning solution.

Abstract: A structure of aligned (e.g., radially and/or polygonally aligned) fibers, and systems and methods for producing and using the same. One or more structures provided may be created using an apparatus that includes one or more first electrodes that define an area and/or partially circumscribe an area. For example, a single first electrode may enclose the area, or a plurality of first electrode(s) may be positioned on at least a portion of the perimeter of the area. A second electrode is positioned within the area. Electrodes with rounded (e.g., convex) surfaces may be arranged in an array, and a fibrous structure created using such electrodes may include an array of wells at positions corresponding to the positions of the electrodes.

Abstract: A nanofiber manufacturing apparatus for fabricating nanofibers from a raw material liquid by electrostatic explosions includes a housing internally having an electrospinning space in which nanofibers are fabricated, and a support structure for supporting an electrospinning head including nozzles for ejecting the raw material liquid into the electrospinning space. The support structure is fittable to and removable from the housing and is enabled to self-stand in a state of having been removed from the housing.

Abstract: Nanofibers are manufactured while preventing explosions from occurring due to solvent evaporation. An effusing unit (201) which effuses solution (300) into a space, a first charging unit (202) which electrically charges the solution (300) by applying an electric charge to the solution (300), a guiding unit (206) which forms an air channel for guiding the manufactured nanofibers (301), a gas flow generating unit (203) which generates, inside the guiding unit (206), gas flow for transporting the nanofibers, a diffusing unit (240) which diffusing the nanofibers (301) guided by the guiding unit (206), a collecting apparatus which electrically attracts and collects the nanofibers (301), and a drawing unit (102) which draws the gas flow together with the evaporated component evaporated from the solution (300) are included.

Abstract: A sodium alginate crosslinked slow-released moxifloxacin microsphere, the preparation method of the microsphere, a vascular target embolus containing the microsphere and the use of the microsphere in preparing the vascular target embolus. The microsphere contains moxifloxacin, a drug carrier, a adsorbent, a reinforcing agent and a solidifying agent, wherein the drug carrier is sodium alginate, the adsorbent is albumin prepared from human plasma or bovine serum albumin, the reinforcing agent is gelatin or hyaluronic acid, and the solidifying agent is a divalent metal cation chosen from calcium salt or barium salt.

Abstract: Provided are fiber fabrication method and the fiber fabricated thereby. In this method, different monomer solutions are electrospun through nozzles whose outlets are stuck to each other and simultaneously interfacially polymerized to form a polymer fiber without a complicated process of preparing a polymer solution. Therefore, a polymer fiber can be simply prepared.

Abstract: A nanofiber 10 made of a water soluble polymer, having a cavity 13, and containing an oily component 14 in the cavity 13. The nanofiber 10 preferably has a small-diametered portion 12 and a large-diametered portion 11. The cavity 13 is preferably in the large-diametered portion 11. The cavity 13 is also preferably in both the large-diametered portion 11 and the small-diametered portion 12, with the cavity 13 in the large-diametered portion 11 and the cavity 13 in the small-diametered portion 12 being interconnected.

Abstract: A polymer electrolyte fiber having a high molecular weight is produced with ease by an electrospinning method. In an electrospinning method which comprises applying a voltage to a solution of a polymer electrolyte to allow a jet of the solution to spurt, forming a polymer fiber, the voltage applied to the solution of the polymer electrolyte is a voltage having the opposite polarity to the charge of molecular chains of the polymer electrolyte in the solution, and the voltage is applied to increase the viscosity of the solution to be higher than that of the solution before applying the voltage, allowing the solution to spurt.

Abstract: A nanofiber production device produces nanofibers by stretching, in a space, a solution. The nanofiber production device includes: an effusing body which effuses the solution into the space by centrifugal force; a driving source which rotates the effusing body; a supplying electrode which is placed at a predetermined distance from the effusing body and supplies charge to the solution via the effusing body; a charging electrode to which a potential of reverse polarity to a polarity of the effusing body is applied, with the charging electrode being placed at a predetermined distance from the effusing body; and a charging power source which applies a predetermined voltage between the supplying electrode and the charging electrode.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for electrically charging nanoparticles. The invention including atomizing one or more liquid starting materials into droplets, electrically charging the droplets during or after the atomization and vaporizing the one or more liquid materials of the droplets for generating the nanoparticles from the liquid droplets such that the electrical charge of the droplets is transferred into the nanoparticles for producing electrically charged nanoparticles.

Abstract: Electrostatic fine fiber generation equipment such as for forming nano-fibers from polymer solution is provided. The fine fiber generation equipment includes a strand that may take the form of a stainless steel beaded chain. The beaded chain can be an endless chain entrained upon two guide wheels and driven about an endless path perpendicularly relative to the collection media.

Abstract: The present invention relates to carbon nanofibers, and more particularly, to a method capable of preparing metal oxide-containing porous carbon nanofibers having a high specific surface area by changing the composition of a spinning solution, which is used in a process of preparing carbon nanofiber by electrospinning, and to metal oxide-containing porous carbon nanofibers prepared by the method, and carbon nanofiber products comprising the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to metal coated nano-fibers obtained by a process that includes electrospinning and to the use of said metal coated nano-fibers. The process is characterized in that a polymer nano-fiber with functional groups providing the binding ability to a reducing reagent is prepared by electrospinning at ambient conditions. Then this is contacted with a reducing agent, thereby opening the epoxy ring on the surface of polymer nano-fiber and replacing with the reducing agent and the reducing agent modified film is reacted with metal solution in alkaline media. Finally the electrospun mat is treated with water to open the epoxy rings in the structure and crosslinking the chains to provide integrity.

Abstract: Provided herein are nanofibers and processes of preparing nanofibers. In some instances, the nanofibers are metal and/or ceramic nanofibers. In some embodiments, the nanofibers are high quality, high performance nanofibers, highly coherent nanofibers, highly continuous nanofibers, or the like. In some embodiments, the nanofibers have increased coherence, increased length, few voids and/or defects, and/or other advantageous characteristics. In some instances, the nanofibers are produced by electrospinning a fluid stock having a high loading of nanofiber precursor in the fluid stock. In some instances, the fluid stock comprises well mixed and/or uniformly distributed precursor in the fluid stock. In some instances, the fluid stock is converted into a nanofiber comprising few voids, few defects, long or tunable length, and the like.

Abstract: An electrospinning apparatus is described. The electrospinning apparatus has a rotary nozzle mechanism that moves simultaneously along a non-linear track for forming polymeric fibrils, so that the polymeric fibrils can be piled to form a uniform web on a receiving carrier from any receiving angle. Therefore, the electrospinning apparatus resolves problems of the prior polymeric fibrils, such as various distribution and slow production rate. In addition, a method of manufacturing polymeric fibrils in the aforementioned electrospinning apparatus is further described.

Abstract: A composite nanoparticle, for example a nanoparticle containing one or a plurality of cores embedded in another material. A composite nanoparticle can be formed by a one step process that includes: ejecting material from a bulk target material using physical energy source, with the bulk target material disposed in a liquid. Composite nanoparticles are formed by cooling at least a portion of the ejected material in the liquid. The composite fine particles may then be collected from the liquid. A product that includes composite fine particles may be formed with laser ablation, and ultrashort laser ablation may be utilized so as to preserve composite nanoparticle stoichiometry. For applications of the composite fine particles, optical properties and/or magnetic properties may be exploited for various applications.

Abstract: Described are conjugated polymer fibers and nanofibers, methods of making, and methods of use thereof. The conjugated polymer fibers and nanofibers can be prepared by an electrostatic spinning process followed by crosslinking.

Abstract: In a nanofiber manufacturing apparatus (1) which produces nanofibers by electrically stretching a solution in space, a hollow supporting unit (32) which is rotated around an axial line AL by a motor (41) supports a cartridge (33) which supplies a solution (20) stored therein, a pressurizing member (38) is pressurized by air introduced through a rotary joint (43) so that the solution (20) flows into an interior space (34a) of an effusing body (34) which is rotated together with the supporting body (32), and the solution (20) is radially effused from effusing holes (34c) by the pressure of the air and centrifugal force due to the rotation of the effusing body (34).

Abstract: A multiphasic microfiber for a three-dimensional tissue scaffold and/or cellular support is provided in one aspect that includes at least one biocompatible material. The multiphasic microfiber optionally has a first phase and at least one distinct additional phase and is formed by electrohydrodynamic jetting. Further, such microfibers optionally have one or more biofunctional agents, which may be surface-bound moieties provided in spatial patterns. Multiphasic microfibers formed in accordance with the disclosure may form, in some cases, three-dimensional fiber scaffolds with precisely engineered, micrometer-scaled patterns for cellular contact guidance, which may thus support and/or promote cellular growth, proliferation, differentiation, repair, and/or regeneration for tissue and bioengineering applications.

Abstract: A method comprises introducing a fluid composition into one or more electrically insulating emitters, and applying voltage to the fluid to cause ejection of the solvent from the fluid after it exits the emitter. The fluid composition comprises first material having a dielectric constant greater than ˜25 and polymer mixed into liquid solvent having a dielectric constant less than ˜15, or polymer mixed into solvent having a dielectric constant greater than ˜8. Voltage can be applied to the fluid composition via a conductive electrode immersed in the fluid, or positioned outside and adjacent to the emitters. Conductivity of the fluid composition can be less than ˜100 ?S/cm. A composition of matter comprises nanofibers formed by the method.

Abstract: A nanofiber production device (100) produces nanofibers (301) by stretching, in space, a solution (300). The nanofiber production device (100) includes: an effusing body (115) which effuses the solution (300) into the space by centrifugal force; a driving source (117) which rotates the effusing body (115); a supplying electrode (124) which is placed at a predetermined distance from the effusing body (115) and supplies charge to the solution (300) via the effusing body (115); a charging electrode (121) to which a potential of reverse polarity to a polarity of the effusing body (115) is applied, the charging electrode (121) is placed at a predetermined distance from the effusing body (115); and a charging power source (122) which applies a predetermined voltage between the supplying electrode (124) and the charging electrode (121).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display (LCD) device, and more particularly, to a method of fabricating a color filter for an LCD device. A method of fabricating a color filter uses a mold (PDMS mold) having a plurality of grooves. Particularly, the mold (PDMS mold) is attached to a substrate such that the plurality of grooves face into the substrate. When a color resin is dropped into a side opening of each groove, the color resin is injected into each groove of the mold (PDMS mold) by a capillary force. After the mold (PDMS mold) having the injected color resin is cured, the mold (PDMS mold) is detached from the substrate and a color filter pattern is formed at a desired position.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a process for the preparation of a plane-parallel structure (a platelet-shaped body, or flake), comprising at least one dielectric layer consisting of one or more oxides of a metal selected from groups 3 to 15 of the periodic table, which comprises the steps of: (a) applying a thin film of the dielectric material on a flexible belt, by passing the belt through an aqueous solution of a fluorine scavenger and one or more fluorine containing metal complexes which are the precursors of the desired metal oxide coating; and subjecting said solution to microwave radiation to deposit the metal oxide onto said flexible belt, wherein step (a) can optionally be repeated using different fluorine containing metal complexes to produce one or more metal oxide layers or a gradient of concentration of 2 different metal oxides across the thickness; (b) separating the resulting layer from the flexible belt as plane-parallel structures.

Abstract: Systems and methods for pelletizing hot asphaltenes are provided. Asphaltenic hydrocarbons can be dispersed to provide two or more asphaltenic particles. The asphaltenic hydrocarbons can be at a temperature of from about 175° C. to about 430° C. The asphaltenic particles can be contacted with a film of cooling medium. The film can have a thickness of from about 1 mm to about 500 mm. At least a portion of the asphaltenic particles can be solidified by transferring heat from the asphaltenic particles to the cooling medium to provide solid asphaltenic particles. The solid asphaltenic particles can be separated from at least a portion of the cooling medium.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the metal coating of nano-fibers by electrospinning, to the metal coated nano-fibers obtained by this process and to the use of said metal coated nano-fibers. The process is characterized in that a polymer nano-fiber with functional groups providing the binding ability to a reducing reagent is prepared by electrospinning at ambient conditions. Then this is contacted with a reducing agent, thereby opening the epoxy ring on the surface of polymer nano-fiber and replacing with the reducing agent and the reducing agent modified film is reacted with metal solution in alkaline media. Finally the electrospun mat is treated with water to open the epoxy rings in the structure and crosslinking the chains to provide integrity.