Abstract: A boron-containing nickel or cobalt spray-and-fuse self-fluxing alloy powder contains hard precipitates of chromium boride and, optionally, chromium carbide which are internally precipitated from a melt of said alloy. Such alloy powder is made by atomizing the melt at about the temperature at which the melt is viscous.

Abstract: An atomizer for making powder of the type in which an atomizing chamber above a water bath container defines a path for a falling stream of molten metal and nozzles supply downwardly directed opposed ribbon sectioned jets of water at an angle to the vertical to impinge on the metal stream and atomize it. The atomized particles are then quenched by further water. According to this invention there are two pairs of opposed nozzles on lines mutually at right angles arranged so that the jets from the first pair intersect at a level above the level of intersection of the second pair. The jets from the first pair form the metal stream into a ribbon section in a plane containing the second pair of nozzles and the jets from the second pair atomize the stream.According to another feature the energy of the water flow of these jets is used to induce a circulating secondary flow of quench water in the atomizing zone thus eliminating the need for a purged supply of quench water.

Abstract: A water atomization process for producing fine metal particles includes the improvement step of alloying a minor amount of silicon with copper and a metal selected from manganese, chromium, and zirconium.

Abstract: A granulate consisting of smooth irregularly shaped granules is produced by preparing a molten bath of nickel and/or cobalt containing amounts of carbon and silicon which are correlated so that:8.03 C-4.42 C.sup.2 +7.23 Si>3.6pouring the molten alloy at a temperature 50.degree.-100.degree. C. above its liquidus temperature onto the surface of a pool of water which is agitated and maintained at 30.degree.-60.degree. C.

Abstract: A powdered metal filter composition and processes for producing the same by water atomization in which the composition exhibits an apparent density, compressibility and particle shape as a function of the composition chemistry and in particular the silicon, carbon and manganese content as well as the angle of intersection of the atomizing water jets; the composition providing an optimization of filtration efficiency, pressure drop across the filter pack, resistance to pressure deformation of the composition particles and the useful life of both the filter pack and the composition and the process producing such a composition with well-known apparatus and optimum yields of useful, particle-size fractions.

Abstract: Uniform particles are produced by introducing a laminar stream of a core liquid into a laminar flowing body of an immiscible sheath liquid. The core liquid or the sheath liquid, or both liquids, can contain one or more materials dispersed (dissolved or suspended) in them from which the uniform particles are formed. The two liquids and the dispersed material are expelled from a nozzle to form a liquid jet. The liquid jet is disturbed at a uniform, periodic rate to form liquid droplets which contain a uniform amount of the core liquid, the sheath liquid and the dispersed material. The droplets are collected and held in a catch liquid until the core and the sheath liquid in each droplet have diffused into the catch liquid leaving the uniform particles formed from the dispersed materials. There can be more than one sheath liquid which can also contain one or more materials dispersed in it.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing metal powder in which a reducing liquid is introduced into the bottom of a substantially closed granulation chamber, and a reducing gaseous atmosphere is produced above the reducing liquid. A stream of molten metal is introduced into the top of the granulation chamber and is acted upon by one or more jets of a pressurized atomizing agent which atomizes the molten metal stream. Metal particles are cooled at least partly in the reducing gaseous atmosphere and are collected in the reducing liquid in the bottom of the chamber, from which they can be withdrawn.

Abstract: Molten metallurgical slags are expanded by contact with water in a liquid or vapor state by passing the molten slag along a prefoaming or expanding trough by delivering the slag to this trough via an intermediate trough which is shiftable along the prefoaming trough in order to vary the location at which the slag contacts the prefoaming trough and the expanding-agent film thereon in accordance with physical characteristics of the molten slag, especially its temperature and viscosity. From the pre-expanding or prefoaming trough, the partially expanded slag may be subjected to expansion by conventional means, e.g. a rotating drum which disperses the slag particles through the air so that they can be collected in a completely expanded, dry and solidified state.

Abstract: Fibrids of polyolefins showing a high degree of fibrillation and a high specific surface area are obtained by flashing a pressurized solution or polyolefin in pentane or in a pentane-containing solvent by passing said solution through an orifice into a space which is at a lower pressure and in which shearing forces are applied to said solution. The fibrids directly obtained may be used, for example, for the manufacture of paper or for the manufacture of textile-like webs.

Abstract: The invention concerns a densely sintered ceramic dielectric with a loss factor less than or equal to 1.times.10.sup.-3 and a substantially linear temperature dependence of the capacitance based on TiO.sub.2 and/or ZrO.sub.2, and/or the compounds of TiO.sub.2, ZrO, Nb.sub.2 O.sub.5 and/or Ta.sub.2 O.sub.5 with oxides of the alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or rare earth metals in the form generally used for the production of ceramic dielectrics.

Abstract: Micron size polymer particles with narrow particle size distribution are prepared by dissolving the polymer in a suitable liquid solvent, impinging an atomized spray of the dissolved polymer on a moving film of a liquid in which the polymer is insoluble and then recovering the polymer particles from the resultant mixture of liquids.

Abstract: Fibrids are prepared by introducing a solution of a polymer into a liquid precipitation medium while exposing it to shearing forces. A poly(amide-imide) resin solution is admixed with a solvent which is miscible with the resin solvent but which is a non-solvent for the resin itself.

Abstract: The relative crushing strength of porous sulfur particles formed by quenching molten sulfur in a highly turbulent zone created by the intersection of the molten sulfur stream and a high velocity water stream is controlled by controlling the temperature of the molten sulfur introduced into the turbulent zone. The hardness of the porous particles increases as sulfur temperature is increased.

Abstract: The method of impregnating substantial amounts of asphalt into fiberboard. Melted asphalt having desired properties for use with fiberboard is atomized and then chilled by passage through cold water sprays, and into a cellulose-fiber-containing slurry. The asphalt used has a high penetration at elevated temperatures and is atomized at a lower temperature than is ordinarily utilized in producing atomized asphalt. The slurry may then be pumped into a chest, stored therein, pumped into a deculator, and then to a head box and flowed on to the wire screen of a Fourdrinier machine, forming a wet mat. Or, the asphalt-containing slurry may be further asphalt-enriched by spraying atomized asphalt into it as previously, and then pumped into a chest enroute to a Fourdrinier machine. Water drains through the wire screen, and the mat then goes to the dryer. The slurry-handling and the board-forming steps are conventional.

Abstract: Solid sulfur pellets are prepared from molten sulfur using a gun and pelletizing chamber. Sulfur is ejected from a gun in a form of a thin sheet and dispersed and solidified into solid pellets with a water jet. The pellets and water are separated.

Abstract: Apparatus for manufacturing spherical hollow particles which provides a large number of individual linear water jets arranged in a ring and converging at a single point, so that a molten metal may be passed through this ring of water jets and converging point.

Abstract: A process for the manufacture of fibrids of thermoplastics materials by extruding molten thermoplastics through dies and breaking up the extrudate into fibers by means of a liquid medium causing shear stresses within a small volume, to which end the extrudate is passed to a zone of high energy dissipation so that it is completely divided up into fibers of the desired size in a single pass.

Abstract: A wear-resistant alloy comprising boron, chromium and iron having maximum hardness for a given composition is produced by rapidly cooling and solidfying spheroidal particles of the molten alloy mixture. The resultant solid particles are then cast in the desired form, or incorporated into a composite alloy wherein the solid particles are held together with a matrix of different material from the alloy.

Abstract: A process for producing a composite metal powder which comprises mixing a powder of a metal or alloy with a melt of a metal or alloy of a different class from that of the metal or alloy powder and atomizing the resulting molten mixture by jetting a high speed jet stream of water against the stream of the mixture to thereby obtain a composite metal powder in which the surface of the metal or alloy powder is coated with a layer of the originally molten or alloy.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing spherical hollow particles by providing a large number of individual linear water jets arranged in a ring and converging at a single point, and passing a molten metal through this ring of water jets and converging point.

Abstract: Fibrous cellulose acetate resembling asbestos in fibrous structure and liquid filtering properties which is useful for filtering potable liquids such as fruit juices, vegetable juices and wine is made continuously by introducing a stream of a 2-4% by weight solution of cellulose acetate of 25-45 secs. viscosity in acetone and a stream of water into a mixing T at velocities which create substantial turbulence and at a water:solution volume ratio of 4:1 to 20:1, continuously withdrawing the resulting cellulose acetate slurry from the mixing T and passing it through a mechanical shearer which shears the precipitate to a surface area in the range of 35.55 m.sup.2 /g and thereafter depositing the slurry on a porous support to drain unabsorbed water/acetone from the precipitate and washing the precipitate with water until it is substantially acetone-free.

Abstract: A method for producing a nonwoven fabric-like material by a melt blowing technique. Conventional melt blowing equipment is used to form a gas stream containing melt blown microfibers comprising generally discontinuous thermoplastic polymeric microfibers having an average fiber diameter of up to about 10 microns. A liquid, such as water, is sprayed into the gas stream to rapidly cool the fibers and the gas, thereby allowing the production of high quality product at production rates significantly higher than in conventional melt blowing technology. In the final integrated fibrous mat formed on the forming surface, the microfibers are held together by gross mechanical entanglement with each other.