Abstract: A process for manufacturing porous tubes made from carbon-carbon composite material by winding over a mandrel a non-woven sheet, made from a carbon fiber precursor, followed by compression and hot stabilisation of the assembly, with impregnation of the compressed sheet by a resin, followed by a thermal carbonisation treatment of the resin. Tubes are obtained having high permeability, small pore diameter and an inner surface of low rugosity. The tubes produced ar particularly suitable for the manufacture of filtration elements and of filtering membrane supports.

Abstract: An improved fiber reinforced glass composite includes a carbon-coated refractory fiber in a matrix of a black glass ceramic having the empirical formula SiCxOy where x ranges from about 0.5 to about 2.0, preferably 0.9 to 1.6 and y ranges from about 0.5 to 3.0, preferably 0.7 to 1.8. Preferably the black glass ceramic is derived from cyclosiloxane monomers containing a vinyl group attached to silicon and/or a hydride-silicon group.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of producing perforated articles. A woven material, such as woven graphite, is impregnated with a curable high flow resin, such as epoxy or BMI resin, and placed on a pressure transmitting pad which has stud holes positioned and sized so as to permit the studs of a flexible mold to fit therein. The material can be smoothed over the pad using a roller. The studded flexible mold, which can be of polypropylene, polyethylene or PEEK, is then applied, pushing the studs through the woven material and into the stud holes. The pressure transmitting pad is removed and the flexible mold with the woven material thereon is formed to a desired contour, such as through placing the mold on a forming tool, followed by partially curing the resin impregnated in the woven material until the impregnated resin material has sufficient structural integrity to permit removal from the mold without permanent deformation.

Abstract: A process for producing carbon molecular sieves for the separation of oxygen and nitrogen, whereby finely ground hard coal particles are oxidized with air in a fluidized bed, the coal is then formed after the addition of water and binders and carbonized at temperatures of 800.degree.-900.degree. C., subsequently activated with steam at temperatures of 800.degree.-900.degree. C. and the preliminary product of the low-level activation is treated with carbon splitting hydrocarbons. Starches obtained by reacting agglutinized starches with sulphamates are used as binders.

Abstract: A method for producing high density, high strength carbon-carbon composite material, is provided by using pitch-based carbonaceous fibers carbonized at a temperature lower than 2200.degree. C. or structures, including said carbonaceous fibers as a principal constituent, as a reinforcement material, impregnating said reinforcement material with a carbonaceous material such as pitch or the like and then heat treating said impregnated material.

Abstract: A process for preparing an impermeable carbon fiber reinforcing deposit material including placing a preformed carbon fiber material and an impregnating material of pitch or heat-resistant glass or mixtures thereof into a heat-resistant capsule; placing said capsule into a pressing container; heating the mixture to the melt temperature of the impregnating material under pressure of an inert gas; after maintaining temperature for a given time reducing the temperature and pressure; subsequently, raising the temperature gradually while maintaining the reduced pressure; after heating to a maximum temperature, maintaining said maximum temperature at the reduced pressure for a given time; then injecting an inert gas to raise the pressure to a given value; and, after maintaining the pressure for a given time, reducing both the pressure and the temperature.

Abstract: In a preferred method, electrodes are formed with a catalyzed carbon substrate for use in an electrochemical cell. The catalyzed carbon substrate basically comprises carbon particles having internal and external surfaces defining a plethora of pores; and a pyrolyzed metal-doped copolymer material supported on the internal and external surfaces of the carbon particles. The pyrolyzed metal-doped material is a metal/nitrogen-carbon complex where the metal is complexed with the heterocarbon/nitrogen.Substrates of catalyzed carbon particles are prepared by first reacting an amine compound with formaldehyde and/or polymerized formaldehyde in solution, in the presence of a catalyst, carbon particles and a metal salt, at a temperature and at a rate of stirring sufficient to provide a polymerized product in the form of a gel. Then the gel is heated (pyrolyzed) in an inert atmosphere for a time sufficient to provide the catalytic carbon particles in the form of a powder.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a laminated body consisting of a synthetic resin member provided with a layer member thereon, in which the member is bent to cover the edges of the resin member. The method includes the compression, resulting from a male mold and a female mold approaching each other, of the layer member and molten resin. The female mold has flanges mounted on its edges to permit the layer member to cover the edges of the resin during compression. Molten resin materials are supplied between the male and female molds prior to subsequent to the compression.

Abstract: Provided are carbon molecular sieves produced by treating carbonacious materials with plasma. One of their most important uses is adsorbent for pressure swing adsorption processes, which are widely used for the separation of gases on industrial scales. The carbon molecular sieves meet the strong demand in this field where the performance of the adsorbent used governs the efficiency of gas separation.The carbon molecular sieves of the present invention are particularly effective in separating nitrogen gas from air.

Abstract: A carbon/carbon composite material is efficiently and economically produced while maintaining a certain degree of strength, by mechanically mixing a matrix carbon material and carbon fibers in proportions that are determined on the basis of the carbonization ratio of the matrix material and on the basis of the desired ratio of fibers to be contained in a resultant product. After pressure molding the mixture, the mixture is cured, and carbonized while being further pressurized. Thus, additional matrix material is provided which fills open pores left by evaporated matrix material at the time of molding, curing, etc., thereby increasing the density. A carbon/carbon composite material of good quality has been provided without requiring repetition of steps.

Abstract: For the production of a shaped body of graphite with a reaction-bound Si/SiC coating it is proposed to bring the shaped body--provided with a slip layer of a homogenized mixture, heated and gassed under vacuum with gaseous silicon or impregnated with liquid silicon--to a form of predetermined dimensions. To this end the shaped body is treated after the coating by cutting or brushing or by electronically controlled laser erosion or by several of these measures.

Abstract: A method to produce a fabric reinforced hose product in which the reinforcing fabric therein has a stabilizing yarn therein extending in the longitudinal direction of the hose which is broken when the produced hose member has been flexed in the longitudinal direction.

Abstract: A noncircular cross-section carbon fiber wherein the cross-section is a noncircular one having at least one plane of symmetry passing the centroid and having an angle of rotational symmetry, .theta., defined by .theta.=360.degree./n, in which n is an integer of 1 to 10; wherein the internal structure has no lamellar structure and the fiber has a substantially uniform crystalline structure; and wherein the fiber surface has a surface smoothness S of 1.16 or below and the tensile strength and the tensile modulus of the fiber in the form of a resin-impregnated strand is 300 kg/mm.sup.2 or above and 20 ton/mm.sup.2 or above, respectively; a process for producing such carbon fiber; and a composite of such carbon fiber with a resin.

Abstract: A corrugated metal-clad sandwich panel with a wafer composite core is provided. The single stage process for the panel manufacture involves utilizing a press platen system which is mechanically convertible between a planar and a corrugated configuration. The metal sheet is first placed on the lower platen which is in the planar configuration. The wafers and an isocyanate resin in admixture are uniformly distributed over the metal sheet. Optionally, a second metal sheet is placed over the wafer/resin mat. The platens are biased together to precompress the mat. Finally, the platens are converted from the planar to the corrugated configuration, thus forming the corrugated metal-clad sandwich panel having a waferboard core in a single stage.

Abstract: Flexible, creased material in sheet or web form for use in the manufacture of liquid-tight packing containers of good dimensional rigidity includes one or more base layers laminated to one another. The base layer is a mineral-filled thermoplastics material comprising between 50 and 80% calculated on the total weight of the mixture, of an inorganic, particulate mineral filler. The thermoplastic material is chosen among propylene-based polymers with a melt index of between 0.5 and 5 according to ASTM (2.16 kg, 230.degree. C.) and the base layer or base layers are provided with a pattern of crease lines which have been formed by plastic deformation in connection with or immediately after the extrusion of the base layer or base layers.

Abstract: A process for the formation of a laminated body consisting of an upper layer member which covers a hardened synthetic resin is disclosed. The process includes the compression, resulting from a female mold and a male mold approaching each other, of the layer member and molten resins. The final engagement of the molds permits the cutting of the layer member so as to form or shape the ultimate laminated body.

Abstract: Method of making a tamper indicating package including a container having a neck with a threaded finish, an annular bead on the neck, a plastic closure which includes a base wall and a depending peripheral skirt having threads interengaging the threads of the container, and a tamper indicating band attached to the skirt by a plurality of weakened portions defining a line of severing. An annular flange extends axially upwardly and inwardly from the tamper indicating band toward the base wall of the closure and comprises a first continuous annular flange portion connected to the band by a hinge portion and a second portion which has free ends of the segment portions engaging beneath the bead on the container when the closure is threaded onto the container. In one form the second portion includes a plurality of segment portions extending upwardly and inwardly from the first continuous portion. In another form, the second portion includes a second continuous flange portion.

Abstract: A tapered carbon microelectrode is produced by extruding an organic material or a composition composed of crystalline carbon fine powder and an organic binder into a thin rod form, carbonizing said rod by calcining to produce a pure carbon thin rod, soaking the resulting thin rod as an anode in an electrolytic solution, gradually pulling up the thin rod while electrochemically oxidizing the tip portion of the thin rod. Then a lead wire is connected with the thick portion of the thin rod followed by coating all the surface except the conically sharp tip portion.The tapered carbon electrode can be used for various electrochemical measurements and scanning tunneling microscope.

Abstract: A process for making 2D and 3D carbon-carbon composites having a combined high crystallinity, high strength, high modulus and high thermal and electrical conductivity. High-modulus/high-strength mesophase derived carbon fibers are woven into a suitable cloth. Layers of this easily graphitizible woven cloth are infiltrated with carbon material to form green composites. The carbonized composite is then impregnated several times with pitch by covering the composite with hot pitch under pressure. The composites are given a heat treatment between each impregnant step to crack up the infiltrated carbon and allow additional pitch to enter the microstructure during the next impregnation cycle. The impregnated composites are then given a final heat treatment in the range 2500.degree. to 3100.degree. C. to fully graphitize the fibers and the matrix carbon. The composites are then infiltrated with pyrolytic carbon by chemical vapor deposition in the range 1000.degree. C. to 1300.degree. C. at a reduced. pressure.

Abstract: A C/C composite including a carbon matrix and carbon fibers and exhibiting a crystal structure of the carbon matrix differing between (a) the portion at and in the vicinity of the interface between the carbon fibers and the carbon matrix and (b) the other portion of the carbon matrix and excelling in strength and thermal conductivity is produced by a method which includes intercalating a carbonizing catalyst in carbon fibers, causing said carbon fibers having said carbonizing catalyst intercalated therein to be impregnated with a precursor of a carbon matrix, and then firing the product of impregnation.

Abstract: In a first forming stage, the bottom portion of a mono-molded plastic syringe (a type wherein the whole portion, i.e., a main syringe body and a needle portion, is molded unitedly in a cast) is heated and then stretched to a certain length, forming the edge portion like a needle, while the syringe is intermittently moved. Then the sryinge is carried to a second forming stage, where the syringe is moved intermittently and the needle portion is heated, then it is bent at a certain angle and is cut in a certain length, forming a completed syringe.

Abstract: A process for making carbon fiber reinforced materials which not only have desirable qualities which include high strength, high heat resistance, chemical resistance, wear resistance and lightweightness but also which are produced in a short time and at low cost. The process includes the steps of impregnating a carbon fiber assembly with a melt of mesophase pitch or mixing short carbon fibers with the mesophase pitch, shaping the pitch-impregnated assembly or the pitch/short carbon fiber mixture, and firing the same. The process requires that the mesophase pitch used in the process be almost 100% of an optical anistropic phase as examined under a polarizing microscope; have a softening point of no higher than 350.degree. C. and be capable of being carbonized in a yield of at least 70% when gradually heated to a temperature of about 600.degree. C. in an inert gas atmosphere and then held at that temperature for two hours.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for forming a collapsed and folded thin-walled container. In collapsed and folded form, the container has first and second folded portions concentrically adjacent one another in generally surrounding relationship to tapered shoulder and reduced diameter neck portions of the container. The apparatus includes inner and outer, concentrically arranged and relatively movable pusher members for forming the first and second folded portions, respectively.

Abstract: A method of making a flanged pipe length includes flaring a metal pipe by rotating a grooved tool about the inside of the pipe and introducing a plastic tubular sleeve into the pipe. The tubular sleeve is subsequently heated and forced against the flanged portion of the metal pipe whereby the plastic material assumes a shape complementing the projections formed by the grooved tool.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for shaping thermoplastic tube by external formers using pulsed emission of short wave infra-red radiation to soften the thermoplastic material with the tube held in the required configuration on the formers followed by air cooling to harden the thermoplastic material and retain the required configuration.

Abstract: A reactive membrane for simultaneous removal of heterogeneous and homogeneous impurities such as moisture, oxygen and organic compounds from gases is provided. The membrane comprises a substrate layer having a plurality of pores therein, at least one layer of carbon on the porous substrate layer and coating the pores thereof, and at least one reactive layer of a metal in reduced form capable of reacting with the impurities and chemically bonded to the carbon layer. A method of forming the same is also provided.

Abstract: A carbon/carbon composite is prepared by impregnating a bundle of carbon fibers with a polymer of a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound, carbonizing the thus-impregnated carbon fiber bundle under pressure or under pressing and, optionally, further carbonizing the thus-carbonized carbon fiber bundle at atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A brake lining is made from a preform which has been formed by a compression step parallel to that surface of the brake lining preform which is to be the braking surface of the lining in use and has subsequently been compressed in a direction substantially normal to said surface to form the lining. The preform can be made by dewatering an aqueous slurry of the brake lining ingredients prior to the first compression step.

Abstract: A carbon/carbon composite is prepared by polymerizing a polycyclic aromatic compound in the presence of a coupling agent, then impregnating a bundle of carbon fibers with the resulting polymer, then carbonizing the thus-impregnated carbon fiber bundle under pressure or under pressing, and optionally, further carbonizing the thus-carbonized carbon fiber bundle at atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A carbon/carbon composite is prepared by mixing 100 parts of a carbonaceous pitch with 1-45 parts by weight of at least one aromatic compound containing at least one functional group selected from nitro and hydroxyl groups, then impregnating a bundle of carbon fibers with the resulting mixture, thereafter carbonizing the thus-impregnated carbon fiber bundle under pressure or under pressing, and if necessary, further carbonizing the thus-carbonized carbon fiber bundle at atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: Process for producing carbon composite components having an edge and a central part with at least one layer of carbon/carbon composite and at least one layer of recompressed expanded graphite to obtain a sealing carbon composite component with a central part having a high deformation level and/or with an edge providing self-bonding of the layers of the component. There is prepared a stack of at least one layer of preimpregnate based on carbon fiber and of at least one layer of expanded graphite of a specific gravity of between 0.03 and 0.06. The stack is compressed under a pressure of between 2.5 and 15 MPa and at a temperature of between 50.degree. and 200.degree. C., in such a way that the thickness of the edge is at least equal to that of the central part and the specific gravity of the expanded graphite is between 0.3 and 0.6 for the edge and between 1 and 1.5 for the central part. The compressed component is treated thermally at a temperature of between 400.degree. and 3000.degree. C.

Abstract: A stretched bottle (1) has an inclined mouth portion (31). The bottle (1) is formed in a manner that a straight parison is set in a blow mold (M.sub.1, M.sub.2) having an inclined cavity (20, 404) to be stretched by a stretching rod (17) during an air-blow operation or that a curved parison (405, 512) is set in the blow mold (M.sub.1, M.sub.2) to be stretched by air-blow. The parison is curved or deformed by a defining mold (431, 711) or a pushing bar (514).

Abstract: A core for producing a molded resin product having a bent hollow portion, including two-forked and multi-forked products used as parts for automobiles, and a process for producing the aforesaid resin product having a bent hollow portion by using said core.

Abstract: A mandrel for manufacturing a hollow composite material body. The mandrel is formed by an homogeneous graphite felt block whose fibers are embedded in a pyrolysis carbon matrix. The densification of the arrangement of fibers forming the hollow body is carried out in a neutral atmosphere.

Abstract: According to the invention, calibrated rings are obtained by superficially vulcanizing extruded or profiled extrudate at the exit of an extrusion head (T), then by cutting this vulcanized extrudate into portions by means of a conical cutting device (C), subsequently by butting the two ends, in the respective form of a conical tip and a funnel, of each portion (t) together under hot conditions and under a controlled pressure, in order to obtain a ring blank which is then engaged between the half-cavities of a mold (Mo), where it undergoes shaping and vulcanization by the heating of the latter and thereafter deburring as a result of a shearing action produced by a push device (D) causing the half-cavities to slide in the closed position in the frame of the mold, before causing the opening of the latter by means of a device (G) and the release of the calibrated and superficially clean ring obtained.

Abstract: An apparatus for bending a laminated thermoplastic sheet without displacing the lamina relative to one another includes a clamp which functions to hold the sheet during the bending procedure. A support is disposed adjacent the clamp and has a curved surface for forming a bend in the sheet and a flat surface which constitutes an abutment for the part of the sheet being bent. The support is adjustable to vary the angle of bending. A bending device for the sheet comprises a carriage having a bending roller, and a ram whose size approximates that of the flat abutment surface. The sheet is clamped with a portion thereof projecting freely above the flat abutment surface and heated. The bending roller thereupon forces the sheet against the curved surface to bend the sheet and then moves across the projecting portion of the sheet to urge such portion into engagement with the flat abutment surface.

Abstract: A multilayer molded article includes a resin body and skin material with good quality and is produced by a process which includes the steps of: (a) supplying a skin material between a male mold and a female mold which are attached to a clamping mechanism, (b) starting closing of the male and female molds, and supplying a resin melt for the resin body between the skin material and the male or female mold while temporarily stopping the closing action of the mold or adjusting a closing rate at 30 mm/sec. or less when a cavity clearance between the molds is in the range between (C+100) mm and (C+5) mm (wherein C is the cavity clearance when the molding is finished), and (c) further closing the molds to the cavity clearance of C to finish the molding.

Abstract: A solderless twist on wire connector and a method of making a solderless twist on wire junction encapsulating twist on wire connector by securing a prior art twist on wire connector in a shell to produce a wire junction encapsulating twist on wire connector that can in one operation permit the user to twist the connector to simultaneously compress the junction ends of electrical wires into low resistance electrical contact while encapsulating the junction ends of the electrical wires in a solderless substance. The process includes the method making a twist on wire connector by encapsulating a prior art twist on wire connector in a shell to produce a wire junction encapsulating twist on wire connector having a chamber for an encapsulating material. In one embodiment the twist on wire junction encapsulating twist on wire connector includes a puncturable seal and in another embodiment a second compartment for holding a mixable encapsulating materials.

Abstract: A thin-walled ferrocement product is formed from mortar supplied in a liquid or semi-liquid state, and a thin foraminous layer of reinforcement positioned centrally between the opposite wall surfaces of the product. The liquid or semi-liquid mortar is deposited in a uniform layer on a conveyor and the reinforcing material is positioned parallel to the lower surface of the conveyor. In a preferred embodiment, the material is maintained under tension at the desired position above the conveyor surface as the mortar is deposited onto the conveyor and flows through the foraminous reinforcing layer. The mortar is developed to a coherent plastic state before removal from the conveyor, preferably with the application of heat. The developed plastic material may be formed into various configurations, or may be maintained flat, while subjected to curing to a solid state. The developed plastic ferrocement material may be separated into convenient lengths for handling.

Abstract: An impregnating carbonizing process and apparatus which permit reduction in cost of consumable goods and can operate at a reduced cost and a heating and vacuum impregnating operation which requires a very long period of time can be performed on the outside of an expensive high pressure vessel to accomplish rapid carbonization and baking.

Abstract: High aspect ratio boxes and sleeves are molded inside out by molding the outer surfaces of box covers and bottoms and sleeve sides in closely spaced parallel relationship, with side walls extending outward. Backs are joined to the covers and the bottoms by living hinges. The inside out molding process and apparatus reduce effective mold areas and mold forces, providing capacities to mold more boxes at a time in existing press facilities.

Abstract: A cement for cathode collector bar/carbon block joints of electrolytic reduction cells as used, for example, for the production of aluminum. The cement comprises an aggregate of anthracite, graphite or mixtures of the two, and a binder comprising a curable water-soluble liquid polymeric resin and water. The fluidity of the cement is high enough that a joint may be formed by pouring the cement into a slot in the carbon block and positioning a bar on the top of the cement. The weight of the bar forces the cement up around the sides of the bar. The fluidity of the cement is made high enough by the use of an aggregate of -200 Tyler mesh, a resin content of 34-37% by weight of the cement and an amount of water in the range of 7-13% by weight of the cement. While the cement fluidity is suitably high as indicated above, it has a linear shrinkage of 4-5% when subjected to high temperature.

Abstract: A carbon/carbon composites is produced by impregnating a tow of carbon filaments with a carbonaceous pitch, placing the impregnated tow in an open container, then subjecting it to a heat treatment under hot isostatic pressing.

Abstract: Elongated structural components having a cross-section such as of a letter of H, U, or T and made of carbon fibre-reinforced carbon are manufactured without employing specific dies correspondent to the aforementioned cross-section. A plurality of square tubes prepared simply by winding carbon fibres over a square mandrel and impregnating with adhesives, are bundled to a single block, wound with aramid fibres, and subjected to heating for the carbonization of the adhesives and consequently of said block of tubes. The carbonized block is cut along its longitudinal axes into a number of elongated pieces having the desired cross-section.

Abstract: A method for bonding a heat shrinkable tubular member to an inner member where a section of the tubular member is first twisted and then subjected to heat and tension to cause the twisted section to sealingly bond to an inner member disposed therein. The method is particularly directed to bonding the distal end of a balloon on an angioplasty catheter to an inner member.

Abstract: A method of making a prevulcanized tread particularly useful for the recapping of tires having, in stress-free condition, a constant curvature in its longitudinal direction whose radius corresponds substantially to that of the tires to be recapped, the sole of the tread being concave, is characterized by the fact that the tread has two ends in its longitudinal direction. The method includes feeding continuously a strip of raw rubber to an inner mold moving about an axis in a curved path, closing an outer mold for the tread pattern with the inner mold so that the closed molds form a continuous molding space within which the tread is completely molded and vulcanized as the closed molds move together about an axis of rotation, and opening the moving molds to discharge continuously in the longitudinal direction the prevulcanized tread of constant curvature.

Abstract: A process is provided for making a modified carbon molecular sieve which is suitable for separating gases having different adsorption rates on the sieve. The process involves modifying a starting sieve support having a majority of micropores with an effective pore size of about 4.5 to 8 angstroms, with a two-step process in which the sieve is contacted with two different volatile carbon-containing organic compounds, preferably hydrocarbons, which have different molecular dimensions. The compound used in the first step is larger than that in the second step, so that the pore openings of the micropores of the support are narrowed successively in two distinct steps without filling the micropores themselves. The invention also discloses an improved carbon molecular sieve and the separation of gases, such as oxygen from nitrogen, by the use of this improved adsorbent.

Abstract: A process for preparing a postformable composite article of a heat curable thermosetting polymer having a substantial length and a non-trivial uniform cross-sectional shape. The process includes controlling the pull rate and the temperature of the heating and cooling sections of the die in response to the viscosity and the cure kinetics of the thermosetting polymer composition and (2) the non-trivial shape of the article.

Abstract: A porous carbon-carbon composite having a porosity of 25-65%, higher strength and higher uniformity can be obtained by using carbon fibers having a fiber diameter of 2.5-32 micron and a fiber length of not longer than 2 mm in an amount of 60% by weight or more.

Abstract: Carbon molecular sieves, useful in the separation of air into oxygen and nitrogen, are improved through modification of the micropores of the sieve by contact with the pyrolysis products of a carbon-containing compound in the gaseous state diluted with helium, with or without nitrogen as a part of the diluting gas. Volatile organic compounds, such as trimethylcyclohexane, are used with the diluent gas to narrow the micropore openings of a carbon molecular sieve and increase its kinetic selectivity for oxygen adsorption. Carbon dioxide and helium or argon in the diluent gas are used to open pores available to contacting gases.