Abstract: An extruder for extruding a multilayer parison and a method for doing the same. The extruder includes a cylinder having a cylindrical hole and a die slit which extrudes a parison, a ring piston movably fitted in the cylindrical hole, a multilayer head provided between the die slit and the ring piston, and a plurality of annular nozzles concentrically provided in the multilayer head, the annular nozzles facing and being opened to the side of the die slit.

Abstract: A method of producing a multicomponent extrudate in which the operating line automatically and accurately extrudes the extrudate materials necessary to obtain the desired contribution of materials and specified dimensions of the multicomponent extrudate profile. The screw speed of each extruder can be adjusted to the desired speed by determining the actual thickness and width dimensions of the multicomponent extrudate. The actual measurements are then fed to a computer which calculates the corresponding values of the ratios of the extruder screw speeds to line speed. using the specified dimensions desired in the extrudate, the corresponding values for the screw and line speeds are also calculated. A comparison of the speeds based on measured dimensions, with the speeds based on specified dimensions, provides a measurement by which the screw speeds may then be adjusted such that the measurements of the extrudate profile are brought closer to the specified dimensions of the multicomponent extrudate profile.

Abstract: An open tube apparatus and method for continuously producing a rotating elongate strip of material are disclosed. An extrusion die continuously extrudes flowable material to form an open tube with a central longitudinal cavity and a transport mechanism includes a plurality of drive rollers which engage and pull the tube downline. A driver rotates the extrusion die and transport mechanism. A tube cutter, which is offset at an angle with respect to the downline direction and defines the open end of the tube, cuts the tube into a continuous elongate web of the desired width as the tube moves downline. An air seal seals the tube cavity to prevent air from escaping through the open end of the cavity, and a tube pressurizer controls air pressure in the central longitudinal cavity of the tube to expand the tube laterally outwardly.

Abstract: This invention relates to an injection pressure control apparatus for a die cast machine and an injection mold machine. In the injection pressure control apparatus, it detects whether the pressure increase state of the instance when the pressure of the injection cylinder is increased through a pressure increasing circuit is normal or not. When detecting the above state, the pressure change obtained at the instance when the pressure increasing circuit is operated is detected between two points, of which it is determined whether the time spent therebetween is within an allowable time or not and the result is indicated. Moreover, the pressure detected after the pressure increasing circuit was operated and a predetermined period of time has passed is determined whether it is within a predetermined allowable range or not and the result thereof is indicated.

Abstract: In a gear pump assisted thermoplastic extrusion system, the speed of operation of the gear pump is adjusted in relation to fluctuations in both the rate of product output from the system and the rate of material input to the system to precisely maintain a desired weight per unit length of the extruded product within close tolerances.

Abstract: Three-dimensional objects are produced by the polymerization of a photopolymerizable liquid medium with the aid of high-energy radiation by continuously introducing the liquid medium in lamina form from a casting means onto the surface of a carrier liquid which has a higher specific gravity than the photopolymerizable medium and is not miscible therewith. This lamina is polymerized by irradiation to form a laminar, two-dimensional polymer layer, then the surface of the carrier liquid is raised and another lamina of the photopolymerizable medium is introduced onto the surface and polymerized to form a further polymer layer which combines with the preceding one. These steps are repeated until the three-dimensional object is formed. The steps of forming the polymer lamina and raising the surface of the carrier liquid may be computer controlled.

Abstract: A method for producing a dough sheet having a predetermined width and height from a dough mass of a non-uniform volume, comprising the steps of compressing the mass on a supplying conveyor, detecting any change of width of the compressed dough sheet, driving a delivery conveyor provided downstream of the supplying conveyor at a constant speed, while changing the speed of the supplying conveyor, and, further, stretching the dough sheet on the delivery conveyor, the supplying conveyor being driven based on the data of any detected change in the dough width. Apparatuses are provided to carry out the above method.

Abstract: An improved, low cost, energy efficient extrusion device and method for processing of cellulose, hemicellulose, and like fiber-bearing materials is described which includes a pretreatment extrusion zone and a reaction extrusion zone separated by a pressure sensitive variable die. The method hereof includes the steps of extruding cellulosic material through the pretreatment zone at an elevated pressure and temperature, passing the material into the reaction zone where it is mixed with an acid and is processed at a lower pressure and temperature than in the pretreatment zone, and extruding the material through a final extrusion die. The surging and blowing usually experienced with extrusion of fibrous material is drastically reduced by the unique construction of the extruder die members. The cellulosic material may be hydrolyzed to simple sugars in accordance with the method and apparatus hereof with a minimum of acid degradation of the extrusion equipment.

Abstract: A process is described for precisely controlling the thickness of a thermoplastic extruded profile by varying the output of a continuously operating extrusion die. The process employs an ancillary device preferably taking the form of accumulator means connected to an extrusion die, or to a passageway communicating with the die. The accumulator means functions as a variable volume device, and by action of cylinder-piston structure or the equivalent thereof, is effective to either receive or discharge melted thermoplastic resin as the exemplary working medium. In this manner, the accumulator means receives melt from the stream when the die output needs to be reduced, and delivers melt to the stream when the die output needs to be increased. Various illustrative structural arrangements are disclosed for accomplishing the process concepts of the present invention.

Abstract: In a process and apparatus for the production of hollow bodies from thermoplastic material, the walls of the hollow bodies are of a laminate structure having at least first and second layers, by means of extrusion blow molding, the pressure within the extrusion head and more particularly at the location at which the laminate is formed by the discharge of flows of material from a storage chamber in the head is maintained within limits such as to avoid disturbing the laminate to such an extent as to have an adverse effect on its function. The pressure at the time of a transition between filling and emptying of the storage chamber and between emptying and filling of the storage chamber is maintained substantially at a pressure level which approximately corresponds to the storage chamber emptying pressure.

Abstract: A blender for plastic materials weighs a charge of virgin plastic pellets as they are added to a hopper, similarly weighs plastics regrind material as it is added to the hopper, calculates the weight of color material (or other additive) on the basis of the actual virgin material weight and the desired color percentage, calculates from the weight of color material and a calibration of a volumetric feeder the volumetric amount of color material needed and then dispenses the calculated volume of color material. The apparatus is hybrid, using weight ratio measuring devices for the primary components and a volumetric feeder for dispensing the additives.

Abstract: An injection molding method uses motors to effect measuring and kneading of a material to be molded and injection driving. The amount of movement of a rotary shaft or rectilinearly moving means connected to a screw is detected by a sensor, and the driving of the volume measuring motor and the injection motor is effected by the output of the sensor.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for extruding single or multiple layers of plastic on an electrical conductor without having to adjust the concentricity of layers every time the tooling is changed to make different sizes.

Abstract: An agglomerating process and an apparatus therefor for preparation of sinter mix having the basis of kneading with vibration to make raw feed in capillary state and then agglomerating the kneaded material with tumbling vibration. By using the particular process, apparatus and various kinds of raw feeds, sintering characteristics of the product shows superiority in size distribution, permeability, strength, and activities, resulting cost, power and material consumptions of the process are remarkably improved.

Abstract: A device is provided for precision tipping catheters with repeatable accuracy. The device includes a die, a thermal heater for the die, a clamping pad for holding an untipped catheter in an aligned position, a lead screw for moving the catheter into and out of the die a precise distance, and a forced air cooler for cooling the tipped catheter. Preferably, the lead screw is rotated by a stepping motor.

Abstract: The machine has a tube extrusion head, an entrainment device arranged downstream of the extrusion head along the extrusion direction, and a device for checking the outer diameter of the tube. The device for checking the outer diameter of the tube includes a pneumatic gauge which is interposed between the extrusion head and the entrainment device and is operatively connected to an electronic control unit which acts on the entrainment device to adjust the tube entrainment speed as a function of the outer diameter of the tube to be obtained.

Abstract: A method for forming a zoned distribution of particulate material within a fibrous web includes a conveying step for providing a gas entrained supply of the particulate material and a segregating step centrifugally directing at least a portion of the particulate material into an accumulation region. A transferring step selectively directs particulate material from the accumulation region into a delivery gas stream to provide an intermittent flow volume of a selected quantity of particulate material from the accumulation region through a delivery conduit and into a web forming chamber. A fiberizing step provides a flow of a selected fibrous material into the web forming chamber, and a directing step controls the intermittent flow of particulate material from the delivery conduit into the forming chamber.

Abstract: A method of making tubular bodies from thermoplastic material by extruding a parison through an extruder head die slit which is then expanded in a blow mold. The position of the parison and particularly a thickened portion thereof is regulated and/or controlled relative to critical cross-sectional regions of the hollow body blown therefrom. The hollow body of the separated lower waste portions and/or the net weight of the hollow body is measured in order to control and/or regulate the position of the thickened portion of the parison and to change the die slit as need be upon deviation from a reference value. The latter is particularly beneficial in accumulation head operation, while in continuous operation, either the hollow body net weight and the weight of the lower waste-portion is measured and compared with a reference characteristic or the hollow body net weight is compared to a reference characteristic and markings reflective of the critical cross-sectional regions of the blown article are sensed.

Abstract: A method of melt granulation for powdery material is disclosed wherein the powdery material is discharged onto the upper surface of a heated rotary spreader for migration under centrifugal force to the periphery of the spreader accompanying by melting of a portion of the material and enrobing of non-melted particles by the melted material for discharge as enlarged granules from the periphery of the spreader. To improve the quality of the granules produced, the feed material is supplied to the spreader at two separate locations. The first location is the central portion of the spreader to provide the melted material and the second location is adjacent to the periphery of the spreader. The spreader is preferably in the form of a concave bowl or inverted truncated cone or dish.

Abstract: A process for preparing a postformable composite article of a heat curable thermosetting polymer having a substantial length and a non-trivial uniform cross-sectional shape. The process includes controlling the pull rate and the temperature of the heating and cooling sections of the die in response to the viscosity and the cure kinetics of the thermosetting polymer composition and (2) the non-trivial shape of the article.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are disclosed for preparing electrically conductive traces on a circuit board using an additive technology. The traces are directly written in a serial process with each trace being able to be individually insulated. The apparatus includes an extrusion element for extruding a first material and a stage. The stage is for holding the extrusion element and the circuit board in relative proximity and for producing relative motion between the extrusion element and the circuit board in order to extrude the first material onto the surface of the circuit board along preselected paths to produce the electrically conductive traces. According to the method of invention, a first polymerizable material is extruded onto a circuit substrate support along preselected paths to form traces, and the first polymerizable material is polymerized, the first polymerizable material being conductive after polymerization.

Abstract: Biaxially stretched thermoplastic tubes are made in an apparatus having a plastic extruder, the output of which is controllable on an open-circuit or closed-circuit basis and which has a too head for the extrusion of a highly viscous exiting tubing, a stretching mandrel and a speed-controllable draw-off device. In the region of the run-on part there is disposed a surrounding temperature control bath for controlling the temperature of the tube to the stretching temperature while a cooling bath is disposed in the region of the draw-off part. A Raman spectrometer operating with laser waves is disposed in the zone downstream of the cooling bath. The frequency of the laser waves is adapted to the plastic used and the energy of the laser waves is so adapted to the wall thickness of the tube produced that in addition to the radiated wave scattered or reflected by the plastics, at least one wave corresponding to a Raman spectral line is radiated from the tube.

Abstract: Platelike webs of thermoplastic material are produced by extruding a strip of the thermoplastic material and passing it through a roll unit having a pair of intake rolls upstream of which a bank of the material is formed. The delivery speed is controlled in response to the bearing pressure of the intake rolls.

Abstract: Method and apparatus are disclosed for making multilayer film having a prescribed gradient in, or distribution of, the thicknesses of one or more materials through the thickness of the film.

Abstract: A continuous vacuum processing apparatus has a vacuum processing chamber and at least one auxiliary vacuum chamber connected to at least one of the upstream and downstream ends of the vacuum processing chamber as viewed in the direction of flow of a material to be processed. The apparatus further has a slit-type seal device provided in the auxiliary vacuum chamber and capable of conveying the material to be processed while sealing the vacuum processing chamber from exterior of the vacuum processing chamber. The seal device is provided with a guide member for guiding the material. Independent tensioning devices are provided in the vacuum processing chamber and the auxiliary vacuum chamber and capable of independently applying tensions to the portions of the material in the vacuum processing chamber and auxiliary vacuum chamber, so that a material which is not resistant to heat can be processed without being damaged.

Abstract: An apparatus and a proces for the manufacture, by the extrusion method, of roof covering plates having at their underside a transverse flange shaped thereto. At a filling station cavities in the pallets corresponding to the transverse flange, are first filled with a hardenable plastic material such as fresh concrete, and said material is then compacted at at least one compacting station. Thereafter, a continuous layer of the material is deposited at a depositing station. The material is finally processed to roof covering plates.

Abstract: A multi-layer parison has a plurality of layers of main and auxiliary resins laminated with each other. An apparatus for forming the multi-layer parison includes a main resin extruding mechanism, at least one auxiliary resin extruding mechanism and a control unit for controlling the main and auxiliary resin extruding mechanisms so that the pressure for extruding the auxiliary resin is immediately increased and the pressure for extruding the main resin is gradually increased at the beginning of extrusion of the main and auxiliary resins.

Abstract: In an extrusion device of the type which has a screw rotating in a housing and which has a feed section in which a feed roller, cooperating with the screw, is provided, a stripper blade is used to remove the fed material from the feed roller. The present invention provides a method and an apparatus for maintaining the net force acting on the stripper blade to direct it towards the feed roller constant. To achieve this, the force of the fed material which acts in a direction tending to move the feed roller and the extrusion screw apart is measured. An opposing force is applied to the stripper blade in dependence upon the magnitude of the measured force. By so doing, the net force directing the stripper blade towards the feed roller is maintained constant.

Abstract: An improved method for carrying out an extrusion is provided, wherein an extrusion material in a flowable state is passed through a die under a pressure to impart a desired shape thereto, and the extrusion is carried out while the die is resonated by an ultrasonic wave in such a manner that the resonance occurs at an n wavelength, wherein n is m/2 and m is a positive integer. Further, an apparatus suitable for carrying out this extrusion method is provided.

Abstract: For producing a multi-extrudate of thermoplastically processable plastic, a coextrusion adapter block has a multi-part slide having a plurality of side-by-side slide sections mutually spaced in a direction transverse to the flow direction and slidably fitted in the adapter block for movement to adjustably protrude into a secondary runner for adjusting the thickness of a molten extrudate therein. A multi-layer extrudate emerging from the adapter block is further extruded in an extrusion die, and the thickness of at least one layer thereof is measured at a plurality of positions along the width thereof. The width measurements are used to control the positions of corresponding slide sections so that the layer thicknesses can be accurately controlled during an extruding operation.

Abstract: A controller for an injection molding machine controls the injection ram by reference to profiles having segments with programmable setpoints. The injection molding machine is initially controlled during each segment in an open-loop manner. Closed-loop control is then adopted. The difference between the process signal, e.g. ram velocity, and the setpoint at the end of each segment is used to change the current setpoint to improve the open-loop accuracy over time. The learning rate of change of the open-loop setpoints decreases after the initial correction.

Abstract: A method for extruding silicone tubing which maintains consistently precise dimensions in the final tubing product by continuously monitoring the tubing profile after cooling and adjusting the height the loop of uncured tubing as necessary to neck the tubing down to the desired size.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for forming a three-dimensional article with photosetting or thermosetting material on the basis of a three-dimensional information on the article by means of an ink jet method. The material is jetted from at least one ink jet head to a stage and laminated thereon. The laminated material is exposed to light by a light source to be cured. In this process, a jetting direction of the material from the ink jet head to the stage and/or a jetting amount of the material jetted from the ink jet head is changed in accordance with the information by a control unit, thereby forming a solid article having a desired three-dimensional shape.

Abstract: This invention pertains to processes and apparatus for manufacturing supported, solid, polymeric sheets from: (I) liquids containing components reactable to polymers; and (II) one or more indefinitely long, foraminous substrates. A more or less continuous sandwich is formed of such substrate(s) and, faced on each side of the substrates as a group, film extending beyond the lateral edges of the substrate(s), the plane of the sandwich deviating from vertical by not more than about 45 degrees.

Abstract: In an apparatus for use in carrying out decoupling control of a T-die which has a pair of lip portions with a gap extended between the lip portions and with the lip portions divided into a plurality of zones individually driven by driving devices, respectively, a processing circuit individually controls the driving devices by the use of a predetermined decoupling control algorithm. The predetermined decoupling algorithm is given by a plurality of desired displacement vectors of the gap for the respective zones and a decoupling control matrix defined by inverse numbers of products of a command value/driving pressure converting matrix (Kp) and a driving pressure/displacement converting matrix (K.alpha.). Alternatively, the decoupling control matrix is repeatedly modified with time to decrease a difference between the desired gap displacement (.DELTA.y) and the measured gap displacement (.DELTA.y.sub.m). Each command voltage value vector .DELTA.

Abstract: A position detector to detect the fully open position of a valve gate pin in a gate valve controlling the flow of molten plastic material to a die cavity includes a sensing member which has a DC voltage impressed thereon and which is electrically isolated from the valve gate assembly. An extension of the valve gate pin contacts the sensing member when the valve gate pin is in its fully open position to short the impressed voltage and thereby indicate a fully open condition.

Abstract: Apparatus for producing, from rubber and/or plastic mixtures, thin wall tubes for bicycle and motorcycle tires includes an extruder followed by a belt conveyor for transporting the extruded tube blank from the extruder, a scale for weighing the tube blank, another belt conveyor, rolls for forming the blank to a predetermined cross sectional shape and a light source on one side of the tube blank and a light receiver on the opposite side of the tube blank for measuring a transverse dimension of the shaped tube blank and thereby its circumferences. A blower supplies to the interior of the tube blank a mixture of air and powder which is removed by an exhaust blower which is regulated to control the air pressure in the tube blank. The rate of withdrawal of the tube blank from the extruder by the conveyor and the air pressure inside the tube blank are controlled by outputs of the scale and the transverse dimension measuring light receiver.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for the production of a shrinkable product of a thermoplastic raw material by extrusion. The raw material (1) is extruded through a die (3) to form a pipe (18), whereafter the pipe is cut longitudinally in a cutter (7), spread out, and wound on to a reel (19, 17). The production rate is low and rapid cooling is carried out in a calibration gauge (4). When reheated, a bandlike product (9) thereby shrinks vigorously and is welded to the object in question.

Abstract: Method for making blanks from a fragile, flexible material cast on a supporting strip and rolled to form a composite roll of the flexible material and strip. The method includes the process of separating the supporting strip from the flexible material, winding the supporting strip on a take-up roll and cleaning the flexible material before it reaches a station for blanking cards from the flexible material. The cards blanked from material are collected on a conveyor, while a remaining skeleton of the flexible material is collected for reuse in making the flexible material.

Abstract: A process is provided in which a plasticized resin is extruded from an extruding machine into an accumulator into which the resin is stored by an amount which exceeds the amount required for one resin molding operation. The stored resin, in operation, is fed through a flexible hose to a supply and measuring device, such as a gear pump, under controlled pressure conditions. The resin is measured by the supply and measuring device by regulating the flow rate of the resin and is then charged into the mold cavity in a measured amount. The clamping of the mold can be effected by a clamping force less than that required by a conventional press-molding machine.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for automatically controlling the operation of a rotary extruder, including using a pressure transducer (38, 40, 42) communicating with the annular space (50) between the barrel (12) and rotor (14) to monitor the hydraulic pressure of the melted polymer, using a microprocessor-based controller (62) to compare the measured pressure with a predetermined set point, and thereafter selectively controlling the speed of a feed drive motor (56) or melt drive motor (60) to maintain the melt pressure within a desired range while holding the extruder rotor speed constant.

Abstract: A method of apportioning the quantity of material in the manufacture of molded products made from hardenable molding compounds in which a resin mat panel is cut into individual cut pieces which are stacked into mat packets and fed to the tool of a parallelism controlled press equipped with a path measuring system for measuring the distance between the clamping plates. The mat packets are compacted to become the molded products. A constant molded product volume is realized by measuring the thickness of the molded product at a defined point in time by means of the path measuring system and the measured values are used as regulating values for regulating the size of the cut area of each cut piece.

Abstract: An optimum molding condition setting system for an injection molding machine comprises a molten material flow analysis component for analyzing resin flow, resin cooling and the structure/stength of molded products by using a designed mold model and also comprises an analysis result evaluation component for determining an initial molding condition and its permissible range in accordance with the analysis results. The initial molding condition is set into the injection molding machine and a test shot is carried out in order to check for a deficiency of a molded product. If a deficiency of the molded product is detected, a data of the deficiency is entered into a molding defect elimination component. After performing a convenient data processing based on the entered data, a cause of the molding defect can be inferred and a measure for the cause can be obtained with high efficiency and accuracy.

Abstract: An extruder in accordance with the invention comprises a die (1) having an opening (2) in the form of an uninterrupted section constituting a frieze of rectilinear or curved segments that meet one another, and a mask (3) driven in reciprocating sliding motion over the die (1) and including a window which overlaps a varying portion of the section (2) as the mask moves.

Abstract: In the manufacture of stretchable webs such as creped tissue, nonwovens, and the like, in which the web is formed and thereafter wound onto a reel, basis weight control of the web on the reel is accomplished by measuring the speed and basis weight of the web prior to winding the web onto the reel and calculating the basis weight of the web on the reel. In response to this calculated value, the downstream speed of the web (reel speed) is adjusted to obtain the desired basis weight of the web at the reel.

Abstract: The invention concerns apparatus for molding thermoplastic tubing having solid annular ribs. The apparatus is of the type where a tubular mold is defined by cooperatively interengaged mold block of a pair of mold assemblies. An annular extrusion orifice for the tube extends into the mold tunnel and tubing is extruded about a mandrel. The invention provides an accumulator chamber in the region of the extrusion nozzle to provide for pressure differences which build up at that point. Thus, the effective volume of the accumulator chamber can compensate for the varying requirement for the thermoplastic material resulting from the varying radial wall thickness.

Abstract: A method for casting of one concrete product or of several concrete products placed side by side at the same time by means of one casting machine as sliding casting out of high-consistency concrete mix. The concrete mix is fed by means of one feed member (2) or by means of several feed members placed side by side into one or several separate cross sections of a concrete product to be cast. The compacting of the concrete product or products to be cast is monitored by measuring the pressure of the concrete mix or the force arising from the pressure against a part (2; 9,7) of the casting machine in at least two points of the cross section and by separately regulating the operating values of at least two parallel feed member (2) or of the compacting movements of at least two parallel compacting members (3) on the basis of the measurement values obtained.

Abstract: Multi-axis rotational polymeric mixture distributing apparatus includes a raw material supplying portion, a supporting portion, a raw material mixing portion, a polymeric mixture distributing portion, a polymeric mixture accepting portion and a control portion. The raw material supplying portion includes a plurality of reservoirs, each connected independently with the mixing portion. The supporting portion includes a plurality of driven frame members each with a large open central area being disposed between parallel spaced upstanding end sections and rotatably supported thereon, each being progressively smaller in size than the next larger frame member and disposed within the open central area thereof. Alternate frame members are rotatable about aligned axes with frame members therebetween rotatable about axes generally perpendicular thereto. The smallest frame member includes rotatable holding sections.

Abstract: Monofilament threads which are wound around a thermoplastic synethetic resin core tube to form one or more reinforcement coils are generated as they are wrapped around the core tube by liquid crystalline polymer material emerging from respective spinning nozzles which rotate around the core tube while a difference in speed is maintained between the speed at which the reinforcing plastic emerges from the nozzle and the monofilament thread is wound on the core tube to maintain a stretch in the monofilaments.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for manufacturing a multi-colored aerated confection product utilizing individually adjustable multi-orifice extrusion systems.