Abstract: An electromagnetic wave detection apparatus (10) includes an irradiator (11), a first detector (17), a propagation unit (20), a memory (13), and a controller (14). The irradiator (11) irradiates electromagnetic waves. The first detector (17) detects reflected waves of the electromagnetic waves irradiated onto an object (ob). The propagation unit (20) includes propagation elements (px). By irradiation position of the electromagnetic waves irradiated onto the object (ob), the propagation elements (px) switch between propagating and not propagating the reflected waves towards the first detector (17). The memory (13) stores information related to the emission direction of the electromagnetic waves. The controller (14) updates the information related to the emission direction based on the position of the propagation element (px) that is propagating the reflected waves toward the first detector (17) when the first detector (17) detects the reflected waves.

Abstract: For determining the topology of a bulk material surface, a series of echo curves are detected in different primary radiation directions of the antenna. In the process, the primary radiation direction of the antenna is changed in such a way that all of the generated echo curves of the series of echo curves can be used for determining the topology of the bulk material surface. As a result, the measurement time can be reduced.

Abstract: A fill level measurement device for determining a topology of a filling material surface in a container including an antenna apparatus, a receiver and control circuitry. An emission angle of the antenna apparatus and a spatial position of the antenna apparatus relative to the filling material surface is settable by the control circuitry. A resultant emission direction of the fill level measurement device is changeable by the control circuitry by controlling a position of the antenna apparatus and by controlling an emission and/or receiving angle of the antenna apparatus.

Abstract: A radar-based fill level measurement device having a signal generator for the purpose of generating electromagnetic waves, and an antenna for the purpose of emitting the electromagnetic waves into a container, as well as for the purpose of receiving electromagnetic waves reflected out of the container, having a security device for the purpose of verifying the functional capability or improving the measurement quality of the radar-based fill level measurement device, wherein the security device has a reflector and an adjusting device, and is suitably designed to move the reflector between at least a first position, in which it reflects the electromagnetic waves, and a second position, in which it reflects the electromagnetic waves to a reduced degree, and wherein the security device has a drive which acts on the adjusting device.

Abstract: For determining the topology of a bulk material surface, a series of echo curves are detected in different primary radiation directions of the antenna. Subsequently, for each distance cell of the echo curves, the maximum of all of the echo curves is determined and the distance thereof is plotted as a function of the coordinates thereof so as to obtain an image of the topology of the bulk material surface in two or three dimensions.

Abstract: A radar-based fill level measurement device having a signal generator for the purpose of generating electromagnetic waves, and an antenna for the purpose of emitting the electromagnetic waves into a container, as well as for the purpose of receiving electromagnetic waves reflected out of the container, having a security device for the purpose of verifying the functional capability or improving the measurement quality of the radar-based fill level measurement device, wherein the security device has a reflector and an adjusting device, and is suitably designed to move the reflector between at least a first position, in which it reflects the electromagnetic waves, and a second position, in which it reflects the electromagnetic waves to a reduced degree, and wherein the security device has a drive which acts on the adjusting device.

Abstract: The invention relates to a radar apparatus for detecting a life-sign of a subject, comprising a transmitter system for emitting a transmission electromagnetic beam to the chest and/or the abdomen of a subject, a receiving system for receiving first reflected electromagnetic beam data from the chest and/or the abdomen, and a processor unit for processing the first received beam data retrieving breath activity information. The transmitter system, the receiving system and the processor are further arranged for performing a radar measurement of a superficial artery structure, such as a wrist artery, an ankle artery, a carotid artery and/or the fontanel artery for retrieving heart activity information. Thereto, the a second transmission electromagnetic beam is directed towards the superficial artery structure, the first and the second transmission electromagnetic beam being transmitted from a single radar unit.

Abstract: Rotary lance drives for rotating a lance for injecting gas and powdered reagents into molten metal include a reciprocating rotary lance drive and an associated method. A lance mount which facilitates loading of a lance into a lance drive is also disclosed. Various lance designs are described for improving dispersion of reagent and decreasing process time, including lances having non-circular refractory portions and lances having cross-port arrangements for more evenly distributed reagent discharge.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for determining the ore content and for further treatment of the ore, the ore content of the crushed ore being monitored in the method on-line and the information on the ore content being utilized in the further treatment of the ore.

Abstract: A device for regulating the flow of particulate material comprising a first, inlet conduit having an outlet end, and a second, outlet conduit aligned with the first conduit and having an inlet end sufficiently close to the outlet end of the first conduit as to receive at least a portion of a particulate material flow exiting the first conduit. The lateral relationship of the adjacent ends of the two conduits is adjusted to change the area of the inlet end exposed to material leaving the first conduit to adjust the flow of particulate material through the second conduit; material which does not enter the second conduit is recycled. The device is particularly useful for regulating the flow of small quantities of metal powder being fed to a laser consolidation process. The invention also includes the method of regulating by lateral adjustment of the adjacent conduit ends.

Abstract: An apparatus for keeping an optimal penetration depth formed at the front end of an oxygen tuyere in the producing facilities of molten pig iron utilizing non-coking coal and a method for keeping the same. A sensor for measuring distance using a laser for continuously measuring the penetration depth, is provided. Comprised is a process computer for continuously receiving the measured penetration depth from the sensor and comparing the received penetration depth with a predetermined optimal penetration depth to obtain a difference between them, and for obtaining a changing amount of a pressure in a melter gasifier through a mutual relation between a predetermined changing amount of a pressure in the melter gasifier with that of the penetration depth using the difference between the actual penetration depth with the optimal penetration depth.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for obtaining accurate sonic input data from a metallurgical furnace, for accomplishing accurate control of a lance injecting oxygen and/or other substances into the melt. A remotely located hydrophone is placed in sonic communication with a liquid circuit cooling the lance. Sound levels and frequencies are picked up through the liquid, and transmitted to a programmable logic controller which generates control signals operating the lance. An associated real time analyzer compares the sonic signature of the input data to predetermined sonic signature data retained in memory, and adjusts lance operation through the programmable logic controller accordingly in order to operate the furnace optimally. Sonic transmission is more accurate, and the hydrophone is more protected from the harsh furnace environment due to its remote location and employment of liquid sound transmission, when compared to other microphone arrangements.

Abstract: A method of controlling the depth of immersion of an oxygen lance in a molten bath within an electric arc furnace where noise emitted from the furnace during lancing in an acoustic spectrum ranging between 1 kHz and 15 kHz defined by a plurality of selected frequency bands is monitored. The position of the lance with respect to the bath surface is controlled by reference to the amplitudes of the output signals emitted from each of the selected frequency bands. There is a distinct change in the relationship of particular bands to provide a "lance out" signal which is directed to a control for a lance drive mechanism. Apparatus for practicing the method includes a microphone, a filter unit, a microprocessor and a lance drive responsive to signals from the microprocessor.

Abstract: A pair of cables are employed to raise and lower the lance of a basic oxygen steelmaking furnace. A centrally suspended equalizer bar is connected between the cables and a load detector is connected to the bar to sense the weight of a lance being hoisted. The detector functions to sense the build up of a slag skull on the lance.

Abstract: A radar, such as a ranging radar, includes a non-scanning antenna which directs a beam of microwave energy toward and receives a return beam from a microwave reflector. A microwave reflector is mounted to a movable platform. As the platform moves, the microwave beam is scanned along a desired object. In one application, the heighth of a non-flowing material in different parts of a container is measured.

Abstract: In a scum removing apparatus including a suction source, a suction pipe having one end communicating with the suction source and the other free end positioned above the surface of scum to suck the scum and apply water to the sucked scum in the vicinity of the free end, and a scum separator provided at an intermediate portion of the suction pipe, a device for detecting the level of the scum surface relative to the free end of the suction pipe. The detecting device comprises a pair of electrode rods provided on the outer periphery of the free end of the suction pipe and projecting from the pipe end by a suitable length, and means for detecting variations in the electric resistance between the electrode rods. The electrode rod comprises a tube having accommodated therein a slider slidingly projectable from the front end of the tube and slidingly retractable into the tube.