Seated In Groove Having Oblique Wall Patents (Class 277/587)
-
Patent number: 12196324Abstract: An annular seal for use in a hydraulic device provides a static seal between two components of the hydraulic device that do not move relative to each other. The annular seal has a cross-section that is substantially M-shaped along one of an inner diameter circumferential surface of the annular seal or an outer diameter circumferential surface of the annular seal. The other of the inner diameter circumferential surface or the outer diameter circumferential surface of the annular seal includes opposite side cylindrical portions extending substantially parallel to a central axis of the annular seal with a concave central portion disposed between the opposite side cylindrical portions.Type: GrantFiled: July 11, 2023Date of Patent: January 14, 2025Assignee: Caterpillar Inc.Inventor: Ananda Sudhakar Ponnusamy
-
Patent number: 11965567Abstract: This disc brake includes a cylinder bore into which a piston is fitted, a seal groove provided in the cylinder bore as an annular groove, and a seal member which has a rectangular cross section shape and which is fitted into the seal groove and seal a space between the piston and the cylinder bore. The seal groove includes a bottom surface portion, a side surface portion, and a chamfered portion. The chamfered portion is formed to expand an opening of the seal groove in the axial direction of the cylinder bore and has two types of curvature radii (r1 and r2).Type: GrantFiled: May 15, 2019Date of Patent: April 23, 2024Assignee: HITACHI ASTEMO, LTD.Inventors: Shoichi Noguchi, Shigeru Hayashi, Satoshi Nakamura, Toshiko Watanabe
-
Patent number: 11692630Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for a sealing device. In one example, a seal comprises a plurality of radial features and a plurality of axial features extending from a cylindrical body, the cylindrical body comprises a first material and a second material, wherein the second material is stiffer than the first material.Type: GrantFiled: April 21, 2020Date of Patent: July 4, 2023Assignee: Ford Global Technologies, LLCInventors: JonCarlo Mancini, Gary J. Haddix
-
Patent number: 11619303Abstract: A ringset is configured to be arranged on a piston for sealing a gas in a high-pressure region of a cylinder in the absence of oil or other liquid lubricant. The ringset includes one or more rings made from a high-strength material as a sealing element. The ringset also includes a solid lubricant applicator configured to provide lubrication between the one or more rings and a bore of the cylinder. For example, the ring can support pressure loads from high-pressure gas without breaking, while the applicator need not act as a seal. As the piston reciprocates in the bore, the applicator slides against the bore and applies solid lubricant material to the bore, resulting in a solid lubricant film on the bore against which the sealing element may slide. The applicator includes a material such as a graphite, a polymer, or other suitable solid lubricant.Type: GrantFiled: January 22, 2021Date of Patent: April 4, 2023Assignee: Mainspring Energy, Inc.Inventor: Matt Svrcek
-
Patent number: 11486447Abstract: A dry-lubricating apparatus, for press fitting onto a mating part, includes (a) a frame, (b) a rubber gasket fixed to the frame to create an interference with a mating surface of the mating part so as to enable the press fitting, and (c) a lead-in edge fixed to at least one of the frame and the rubber gasket. The lead-in edge includes a dry lubricant such that, when the dry-lubricating apparatus is slid onto the mating part, along the mating surface and with the rubber gasket trailing the lead-in edge, a portion of the dry lubricant is abraded off the lead-in edge to reduce friction between the rubber gasket and the mating surface.Type: GrantFiled: June 24, 2020Date of Patent: November 1, 2022Assignee: CONSOLIDATED METCO, INC.Inventor: Linas Maskaliunas
-
Patent number: 10871230Abstract: A dynamic sealing device provides sealing between at least a first part and at least a second part having a relative rotational movement in relation to the first part. The device is formed by a seal including a body portion; a first main lip extending from the body portion; a second main lip extending from the body portion, the first lip facing the second lip; the first and second lips being configured to be energized by a first fluid so as to seal at least one of the first part and second part. The seal further includes at least one additional lip located on the body portion remotely from the first and second lips and being configured to be energized by a second fluid so as to seal at least the other of the first part and second part.Type: GrantFiled: September 20, 2018Date of Patent: December 22, 2020Assignee: EURO TECHNIQUES INDUSTRIESInventors: Gaëtan Mattoni, Brice Berenger
-
Patent number: 9707820Abstract: A tube having sealing ring grooves formed by a sequential rotational process and a shock absorber including the tube, in which durability of a sealing ring fitted in each of the sealing ring grooves is enhanced. An inclination angle (?1) formed with respect to a plane (PL1) perpendicular to an axis of a separator tube by a side surface of the sealing ring groove, which is located on an opening end side of the separator tube, is set to 8° or more. With this, a maximum tensile stress to be applied to an O-ring can be reduced to be smaller than a maximum tensile stress in a case of using a backup ring. As a result, the durability of the O-ring can be set equivalent to or enhanced to be higher than durability in the case of using the backup ring.Type: GrantFiled: March 25, 2014Date of Patent: July 18, 2017Assignee: HITACHI AUTOMOTIVE SYSTEMS, LTD.Inventors: Mikio Yamashita, Makoto Nishimura
-
Patent number: 8794396Abstract: A caliper comprising: a piston bore and a seal groove located in the piston bore proximate to an open end of the piston bore, the seal groove comprising: a front wall; a rear wall; a bottom wall spanning between and connecting the front wall to the rear wall; a projection in a central region of the bottom wall suitable for allowing twisting of a seal during a brake retract and/or brake release; wherein the rear wall diverges away from the front wall as the rear wall extends away from the bottom wall and towards the bore surface.Type: GrantFiled: October 4, 2011Date of Patent: August 5, 2014Assignee: Akebono Brake Industry Co., Ltd.Inventor: Galus Chelaidite
-
Patent number: 8746423Abstract: A shock absorber has an inclined surface that is inclined to a moving direction of the free piston in at least one of a free piston contact surface of a free surface with which an elastic body is in contact and a housing contact surface of a housing with which the elastic body is in contact. A shortest distance between the free piston contact surface and the housing contact surface is changed by movement of the free piston.Type: GrantFiled: February 28, 2011Date of Patent: June 10, 2014Assignee: Hitachi Automotive Systems, Ltd.Inventors: Atsushi Maeda, Masaru Kouyama, Mikio Yamashita, Fumiyuki Yamaoka
-
Patent number: 8631912Abstract: A brake caliper for a disk brake is disclosed. The brake caliper includes a caliper housing defining a bore that extends along a bore axis. A piston of an actuating device is mounted within the bore so as to be movable along the bore axis in an application direction and a return direction. A sealing arrangement is at least partially provided between the piston and the bore. The sealing arrangement includes a sealing ring positioned in a radial groove. A base surface of the groove is formed in the direction of the bore axis and oriented antiparallel with respect to the bore axis such that the groove base surface approaches the bore axis in the application direction.Type: GrantFiled: April 27, 2007Date of Patent: January 21, 2014Assignee: Continental Teves AG & Co. oHGInventors: Wolfgang Langer, Hans Olms, Thorsten Adam, Frank Stretz
-
Patent number: 8573112Abstract: To cope with severe use conditions, a high-pressure fuel pump has a seal system (21) for separating/sealing fuel and lubricating oil, in an annular space between an axle reciprocating within the pump and a housing having the axle passing therethrough, wherein the seal system (21) consists of a combination of a fuel-side seal (31) for sealing fuel and lubricating-oil-side seal (41) for sealing lubricating oil, the fuel-side seal (31) is composed of a plastic-made seal ring (32) and a rubbery-elastomer-made O ring (33) for backup of the seal ring (32), the lubricating-oil-side seal (41) consists of a single body of single-lip-type oil seal (42) having a rubbery-elastomer-made seal lip (44) fitted to a metal ring (43) and arranged toward the lubricating oil side, and a distance between the fuel-side seal (31) and the lubricating-oil-side seal (41) is set to be larger than the reciprocating distance of the axle.Type: GrantFiled: December 14, 2006Date of Patent: November 5, 2013Assignees: NOK Corporation, Denso CorporationInventors: Junichi Nakayama, Nobuyuki Eguchi, Tamio Inamura, Kokichi Hamamoto, Hiroshi Inoue
-
Patent number: 8522935Abstract: A balancing valve for balancing the braking system of a vehicle equipped with two separated master cylinders for the independent braking of the wheels situated at the two sides of the vehicle, wherein at least one of two ring packings which cooperate with the intake of a transfer channel connecting both master cylinders is housed within a containment space that allows a displacement of this packing to substantially increase the volume of the space located on the packing side communicating with the transfer channel.Type: GrantFiled: December 12, 2008Date of Patent: September 3, 2013Assignee: VHIT S.p.A. UnipersonaleInventor: Leonardo Cadeddu
-
Patent number: 8464849Abstract: A disk brake including: a brake pad; a piston; a cylinder bore; an annular sealing groove formed on the cylinder bore; and a rectangular piston seal fitted into the sealing groove sealing between the piston and the cylinder bore, wherein the sealing groove includes: a bottom surface portion inclined as the sealing groove expands its diameter; a lateral surface portion that extends from one end of the bottom surface portion, the one end being a side where the sealing groove has the maximum diameter; and a chamfered portion, and wherein an inclined angle of the bottom surface portion is 2 to 8 degrees, an angle between the bottom surface portion and the lateral surface portion is 82 to 89 degrees, and with the piston installed into the cylinder bore, the piston seal abuts against the bottom surface portion and the lateral surface portion of the sealing groove.Type: GrantFiled: January 28, 2010Date of Patent: June 18, 2013Assignee: Hitachi Automotive Systems, Ltd.Inventors: Keisuke Nanri, Kimiyasu Kono
-
Patent number: 8448754Abstract: Disc brake comprising an hydraulic actuator for clamping shoes guided by a caliper (14) and an annular seal (10) lodged with axial clearance (J) in a groove (28) of the actuator for ensuring fluid-tightness between the piston (16) and the cylinder of the actuator, characterized in that the groove (28) comprises a rib (40) for the axial locking of the seal (10).Type: GrantFiled: November 2, 2007Date of Patent: May 28, 2013Assignee: Chassis Brakes International B.V.Inventors: Olivier Kubic, Eric Lemoine
-
Publication number: 20120091666Abstract: A seal groove comprising: a back wall; a front wall opposed to the back wall; a bottom wall connected to the front wall and the back wall; and a recess in the front wall connecting the front wall to the piston bore; wherein the recess includes a peak which comprises: a first angled portion and a second angled portion.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 18, 2010Publication date: April 19, 2012Applicant: AKEBONO CORPORATIONInventors: Galus Chelaidite, Gang Lou
-
Patent number: 8079600Abstract: A sealing structure in which sealing is made by a seal ring installed in a dovetail groove where only an inner surface on one side of the groove is an inclined surface. In the sealing structure, the seal ring is less likely to come out of the dovetail groove, resistance of insertion of the seal ring into the dovetail is small, and particles are less likely to occur in the structure. The seal ring is formed of a rubber-like elastic material and is installed in the dovetail groove where the first inner surface on one side of the groove is inclined falling to the inside of the groove.Type: GrantFiled: August 23, 2006Date of Patent: December 20, 2011Assignee: NOK CorporationInventors: Daihachi Shojima, Hideto Nameki
-
Publication number: 20110204572Abstract: A corner seal assembly for a rotor of a rotary engine, the assembly comprising a pair of corner seal elements, each seal element of the pair being arranged to provide a seal between the rotor and a respective one of a pair of opposed end faces of the rotary engine, the seals being arranged to be resiliently coupled to one another whereby the seals exert substantially the same force on each one of the pair of opposed end faces.Type: ApplicationFiled: October 19, 2009Publication date: August 25, 2011Applicant: IP CONSORTIUM LIMITEDInventor: Timothy Shires
-
Patent number: 7997858Abstract: The invention relates to a device for sealing the space between first and second components, wherein a sealing element is placed between the sealing surface of the first component and the sealing surface of the second component, means are used for displacing the sealing element towards the first component and the sealing surface of the second component is used in the form of a guiding surface for the sealing element when it is displaced towards the first component. The means comprise a movable pressure element which is embodied in such a way that the displacement thereof generates the displacement of the sealing element.Type: GrantFiled: September 30, 2005Date of Patent: August 16, 2011Assignee: Siemens AktiengesellschaftInventor: Vinko Mikulec
-
Patent number: 7793944Abstract: In a sealing device (1) installed in an installation groove (4) provided in one member (2) of two members (2, 3) facing to each other so as to be brought into close contact with the other (3), the sealing device has a seal ring (11) and a backup ring (21) arranged in a low-pressure side (L) of the seal ring (11), the installation groove (4) has a slope bottom surface (4c), the backup ring (21) has a slope surface (21a). The sealing device (1) is to be made such that the seal ring (11) made of a rubber-like elastic body is prevented from being damaged by the backup ring (21) made of a hard material. In order to achieve this object, a second backup ring (31) is arranged between the seal ring (11) and the backup ring (21), and formed by a softer material than the backup ring (21).Type: GrantFiled: December 7, 2005Date of Patent: September 14, 2010Assignee: Nok CorporationInventor: Masaya Otuka
-
Publication number: 20100194056Abstract: A disk brake including: a brake pad; a piston; a cylinder bore; an annular sealing groove formed on the cylinder bore; and a rectangular piston seal fitted into the sealing groove sealing between the piston and the cylinder bore, wherein the sealing groove includes: a bottom surface portion inclined as the sealing groove expands its diameter; a lateral surface portion that extends from one end of the bottom surface portion, the one end being a side where the sealing groove has the maximum diameter; and a chamfered portion, and wherein an inclined angle of the bottom surface portion is 2 to 8 degrees, an angle between the bottom surface portion and the lateral surface portion is 82 to 89 degrees, and with the piston installed into the cylinder bore, the piston seal abuts against the bottom surface portion and the lateral surface portion of the sealing groove.Type: ApplicationFiled: January 28, 2010Publication date: August 5, 2010Applicant: Hitachi Automotive Systems, Ltd.Inventors: Keisuke Nanri, Kimiyasu Kono
-
Publication number: 20100194057Abstract: A sealing system is provided for a drill bit including a bit head and a rotating bit cone. The sealing system includes a seal gland and a seal retained within the seal gland. The seal gland is defined by a radial cone surface and is further defined by a head sealing surface and an opposed cone sealing surface. At least one of the head sealing surface and opposed cone sealing surface is not cylindrical (i.e., the surface is conical and not parallel to an axis of rotation for the cone). Additionally, the radial cone surface may be conical (i.e., the surface does not extend perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the cone). The seal is radially compressed between the head sealing surface and the opposed cone sealing surface. The use of one or more conical surfaces in the gland is provided to bias the compressed seal into a preferred dynamic sealing zone.Type: ApplicationFiled: April 9, 2010Publication date: August 5, 2010Applicant: Varel International, Ind., L.P.Inventors: Thomas Gallifet, David Michel Harrington
-
Patent number: 7758020Abstract: A valve in which durability of a sealing member made from an elastic material can be increased and sealing capability can be advantageously maintained over a wide range from a large differential pressure to a low differential pressure. A valve (100), in which a valve disc (1) and a valve seat (2) are brought into close contact via a sealing member (5) composed of an elastic material and provided at the valve disc (1) or valve seat (2), comprises a throttle section (30) defined by the shape of at least one of the valve disc (1) and valve seat (2). The throttle section (30) narrows a flow passage formed between the valve disc (1) and valve seat (2) and is provided near the sealing member (5). The flow passage narrowed by the throttle section (30) is so set that narrowing preferentially proceeds in the flow passage in close proximity to the sealing member (5) during the closing operation of the valve disc (1).Type: GrantFiled: November 22, 2005Date of Patent: July 20, 2010Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Tomoyoshi Kobayashi, Norio Yamagishi
-
Patent number: 7624965Abstract: A valve in which durability of a sealing member made from an elastic material can be increased and sealing capability can be advantageously maintained over a wide range from a large differential pressure to a low differential pressure. A valve (100), in which a valve disc (1) and a valve seat (2) are brought into close contact via a sealing member (5) composed of an elastic material and provided at the valve disc (1) or valve seat (2), comprises a throttle section (30) defined by the shape of at least one of the valve disc (1) and valve seat (2). The throttle section (30) narrows a flow passage formed between the valve disc (1) and valve seat (2) and is provided near the sealing member (5). The flow passage narrowed by the throttle section (30) is so set that narrowing preferentially proceeds in the flow passage in close proximity to the sealing member (5) during the closing operation of the valve disc (1).Type: GrantFiled: November 22, 2005Date of Patent: December 1, 2009Assignee: Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Tomoyoshi Kobayashi, Norio Yamagishi
-
Patent number: 7516963Abstract: The invention relates to a sealing arrangement with an elastic sealing ring, which is located in sealing fashion between a first and a second component in a continuous groove (3) running around the first component, and is compressed in the groove in installed state, deforming its cross-section. At least one supporting ring (21, 22) is provided, which lies in sealing fashion against the sealing ring, while an opposite, supporting surface (9) lies against a groove flank (6) The supporting ring (21, 22) is positioned by the compressed sealing ring (2) in its position at the gap (13) to be sealed between the first and second components. As a result, extrusion of the sealing ring through the gap provided between the two components to be sealed is prevented.Type: GrantFiled: October 17, 2005Date of Patent: April 14, 2009Assignee: GAPI Technische Produkte GmbHInventor: Dieter Meller
-
Patent number: 7191875Abstract: A disc brake includes a piston seal made of rubber that is shaped to fit into a seal groove on the inner surface of a cylinder of a caliper for a brake piston. To prevent braking effectiveness from being impaired, even if the temperature of a caliper rises in a disc brake for a vehicle, the piston seal and/or the seal groove is shaped to control and contain the effects of thermal expansion due to the heat of the disc brake. The clearance between the piston seal and the seal groove is removed and clearance is provided between parts of the periphery of the piston seal and the seal groove.Type: GrantFiled: July 1, 2002Date of Patent: March 20, 2007Assignee: Honda Giken Kogyp Kabushiki KaishaInventors: Seiji Kurimoto, Kuniaki Wakamatsu, Hidetoshi Toyoda, Shinichi Kuwahara
-
Patent number: 6991236Abstract: A device for securing a sealing member in a predetermined position. The device comprises a positioning element of a predetermined size and shape having a first surface and a second surface, and a retaining element of a predetermined size and shape disposed on at least one of the first surface and second surface of the positioning element.Type: GrantFiled: October 16, 2000Date of Patent: January 31, 2006Assignee: Westinghouse Air Brake Technologies CorporationInventor: Lawrence J. Andrews
-
Patent number: 6758478Abstract: A seal assembly for a shaft has a flange fixed to a work piece having a bore hole therein. The flange encircles the shaft and includes a triangular shaped projecting member having first and second surfaces extending from the flange into the bore hole. An angle is formed between the first and second surface. The first surface of the projecting member is in contact with an inner surface of the bore hole or the outer surface of the shaft. An o-ring encircles the shaft and a backup ring is positioned within a space between the shaft, the flange and the o-ring or between the bore hole, the flange and the o-ring. Subject to axial forces, the backup ring undergoes a wedging action between the shaft and the triangular shaped projecting member or between the bore hole and the triangular member to seal where the shaft penetrates the work piece.Type: GrantFiled: January 10, 2003Date of Patent: July 6, 2004Assignee: Delphi Technologies, Inc.Inventor: Alejandro Moreno
-
Patent number: 6752223Abstract: In the seal gland in a rotating cone drill bit, the O-ring is initially compressed between the journal and a central portion of the gland which has a cross-section parallel to the journal. These two concentric surfaces provide a minimum amount of contact pressure for a given amount of squeeze than other configurations. Chamfers connect the central portion to the sidewalls of the gland, so that after the seal has worn in use, it will ride up onto the chamfers, where additional squeeze to the seal. This allows the seal to operate in a standard regime during the first part of its lifetime and to automatically shift to a more compressed mode as the seal wears.Type: GrantFiled: August 28, 2001Date of Patent: June 22, 2004Assignee: Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.Inventors: Amiya K. Panigrahi, Mark P. Blackman, Guy James Lefort
-
Patent number: 6676131Abstract: Sealing ring (1) for a centrifugal separator with an axially open annular groove (7) for the sealing ring in a first rotor part (2) and a relative to the first rotor part (2) axially movable second rotor part (3), against which the sealing ring (1) sealingly abuts. Both the sealing ring (1) and the groove (7) have a first annular portion (8 and 9, respectively) turned towards the second rotor part (3) and a second annular portion (14 and 11, respectively) turned away from the second rotor part (3). The second portion (11) of the groove has an outer annular recess (12) and an inner annular recess (16) whereas the second annular portion (14) of the sealing ring (1) has at least one projection (15), which is arranged to at least partly fill up the outer recess of the groove (7).Type: GrantFiled: January 30, 2002Date of Patent: January 13, 2004Assignee: Alfa Laval ABInventor: Sven Hedin
-
Patent number: 6494465Abstract: A seal for hydraulic assemblies operating at high temperatures having adaptations (19, 20, 49, 50) for low pressures sealing and configured to move across the gap to be sealed at higher pressures with an angled base on a slope (23, 44) or a cup shape (73, 74) nested into a groove (72). The seal at the point of the gap being an elastic, metallic material.Type: GrantFiled: January 4, 1999Date of Patent: December 17, 2002Inventor: John Wentworth Bucknell
-
Patent number: 6431552Abstract: A rotary shaft sealing system comprising a rotary lip seal and its associated retention gland, wherein the each of the seal and the gland are complimentary of the other within the environment of use. The system is particularly adapted for the sealing of a rotary shaft in an environment wherein the hydraulic pressure upon the fluid within the gland is at least 20 psi, or higher; and, such fluid pressure within the gland is further subject to variation or surges at the time of start-up and/or during operation/use of the rotary shaft. The retention gland geometry assists in the direction and application of hydraulic pressure against the seal so as to increase the radial contact force between the seal lip and the rotary shaft, thus, insuring more complete and effective sealing at this contact interface. The seal of this system is preferable pre-loaded so as to apply positive sealing pressure against the rotary shaft both prior to and during use.Type: GrantFiled: June 9, 2000Date of Patent: August 13, 2002Assignee: Improved Materials Strategies, Inc.Inventor: Don Ulrich
-
Patent number: 6279671Abstract: In the seal gland in a rotating cone drill bit, the O-ring is initially compressed between the journal and a central portion of the gland which has a cross-section parallel to the journal. These two concentric surfaces provide a minimum amount of contact pressure for a given amount of squeeze than other configurations. Chamfers connect the central portion to the sidewalls of the gland, so that after the seal has worn in use, it will ride up onto the chamfers, where additional squeeze to the seal. This allows the seal to operate in a standard regime during the first part of its lifetime and to automatically shift to a more compressed mode as the seal wears.Type: GrantFiled: March 1, 1999Date of Patent: August 28, 2001Inventors: Amiya K. Panigrahi, Mark P. Blackman, Guy James Lefort
-
Patent number: 6056294Abstract: A self energizing one piece seal has an annular seal body and a multiplicity of circumferentially spaced delta shaped resilient tabs extending inwardly from the annular body. The seal is adapted to be placed in an annular groove of a cylindrical member so that a circumferential seal face is initially biased into sealing engagement with a bore of a body and a radial seal face is initially biased into sealing engagement with a radial face of the groove by the resilient tabs.Type: GrantFiled: April 21, 1998Date of Patent: May 2, 2000Assignee: Caterpillar Inc.Inventor: David P. Smith
-
Patent number: 6036192Abstract: A hydrodynamically lubricated squeeze packing type rotary shaft seal suitable for lubricant retention and environmental exclusion which incorporates one or more resilient protuberances which and cooperate with the gland walls to hold the seal straight in its installation groove in unpressurized and low pressure lubricant retention applications thereby preventing skew-induced wear caused by impingement of abrasive contaminants present in the environment, and which also serve as radial bearings to prevent tipping of the seal within its installation gland. Compared to prior art, this invention provides a dramatic reduction of seal and shaft wear in abrasive environments and provides a significant increase in seal life.Type: GrantFiled: February 16, 1999Date of Patent: March 14, 2000Assignee: Kalsi Engineering, Inc.Inventors: Lannie Dietle, Manmohan Singh Kalsi
-
Patent number: 5873576Abstract: A hydrodynamically lubricated squeeze packing type rotary shaft seal suitable for lubricant retention and environmental exclusion which incorporates one or more resilient protuberances which and cooperate with the gland walls to hold the seal straight in its installation groove in unpressurized and low pressure lubricant retention applications thereby preventing skew-induced wear caused by impingement of abrasive contaminants present in the environment, and which also serve as radial bearings to prevent tipping of the seal within its installation gland.Type: GrantFiled: September 11, 1997Date of Patent: February 23, 1999Assignee: Kalsi Engineering, Inc.Inventors: Lannie Dietle, Manmohan Singh Kalsi